US2396208A - Method of and means for treating gases - Google Patents

Description

' March 5, 1946. M. SERRE ETAL METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR TREATING GASES Filed March 8, 1.943 4 Sheets-Sheet l M. SERRE ETAL 2,396,208

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR TREATING GASES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 i if yi 16 1/ i if I 1 E V i i 13 I lm zzvrorzs E mmlrioe Serra, J 1-u l March 5, 1946. M. SERRE ET AL 2,396,203

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR TREATING GASES Filed March 8, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 grwm \Serre,

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5, 19%. M, SERRE ET AL 2,395,208

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR TREATING GASES Filed March 8, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 PatentedvMar. 5,1946

' Maurlce Serre and Franz J. Kurth, New Fork, N. Y., assignors to Anemostat Corporation 01' America, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application Mar ch 8. 1943, Serial No. 478.454

' Claims.

This invention relates to a method of and means for treating gases, such, for example, as .the. inflammable or flaming gases of internal combustion engines, and has for one of its primary objects to provide a simple, practical method'of and meansjf orrendering such gases'either non-inflammable if they are not flaming, or to extinguish the flame thereof if they are flaming,

in any instance where their burning may be undesirable as, for example, at the discharge ends of the exhaust conduits of military aircraft engines where theirburning might disclose the position of the aircraft during times of darkness.

Another special object of the invention is to provide a 'means for the purpose stated embodying a construction such that, when it is associated with an inflammable gas conduit that is subjected in any manner to a flow therealong of Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through the device taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

air or any other medium which is efiective, when utilizes such flow of the air or other medium to practice the method and accomplish the purpose of the invention.

Another special object of the invention is to provide a method of and a means for eflectin a thorough and rapid inter-mixture of like or unlike gases either for the purpose stated or for any other purpose as, for example, in the art of ventilation where it may be desired to mix warm air with cool air to secure a desired room temperature.

With-the foregoing and other objects in view, which will become more fully apparent as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in a method of and means for treating inflammable, flaming or other gases embodying the novel method steps, and the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts of the means, as will be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and defined in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in related views;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device constructed in accordance with one practical embodiment of the invention for treating gases in accordancewith the method of the invention.

' V Figure 2 is a top plan view, partlybroken away, of the device shown in Fig. 1.

I Figure 3 is a rear end elevation of the device shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are detail horizontal sectional views illustrating alternative forms of gas deflecting elements for use in the device.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal section through the device illustrating means for cooling the gas deflecting elements.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of the construction illustrated in Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figs. 5 to 7 illustrating an alternative form of the construction shown in Figs. 9 and 10. t

Figure 12 is a rear end elevation, with the gas deflector. elements removed, of an alternative form of device for treating gases in accordance with the method of the invention.

Figure 13 is a central, longitudinal section through the device shown in Fig. 12; and

Figure 14 is a view similar to Fig. 13 of another alternative form of device for treating gases in accordance with the method of the invention.

This invention represents a carrying forward of the basic principles of a method of and means for treating inflammable or flaming gases as illustrated, described and claimed in a prior application by Franz J. Kurth, one of the present applicants, which application was filed June 1942 and bears Serial No. 445,346. That is to say, the basic principles of the present invention are either the dilution-of an inflammable gas by a non-inflammable gas sumcient in quantity to render the inflammable gas non-inflammable or to snuff out the flame thereof if it is flaming; the cooling of an inflammable gas by the intermixture therewith of another gas or medium so relatively cold as to reduce the temperature of the inflammable or flaming gas to a degree such that it is rendered non-inflammable if it is not flaming or the flame thereof is extinguished if it is flaming; both the dilution and cooling of an inflammable or flaming gas by another gas or other medium so that by the combined dilution and cooling the inflammable or flaming gas either is rendered non-inflammable if it is not flaming, or is snufied out if it is flaming, as it leaves a conduit such as the exhaust conduit of an internal combustion engine or a gun barrel; or the mere intermixing of like or gas non-inflammable, or to extinguish the flame 'of a flaming gas, any suitable means may be provided for deflecting the inflammable or flaming gas into the air or other treating medium, or, alternatively, for deflecting the air or: other treating medium into the gas. In this connection, and as illustrated by way of example in Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings, a device for the purpose stated may comprise an elongated, narrow-width, horizontally disposed mouth or neck, designated generally as A,.to be connected to the discharge end of a gas conduit to direct into the device the gas to be treated, and a throat structure, designated generally as B, extending rearwardly from said mouth or neck in upwardly inclined relationship thereto and suitably formed to provide any desired number of separate and alternate gas and air or other treating medium passageways l and I I, respectively, dis-1 posed in side to side relationship to each other along the length of said mouth or neck with the gas passageways l0 in communication with said mouth or neck and the intermediate air passageways II in communication, for example, with the atmosphere. a

The gas to'be treated flows from the mouth or neck A, rearwardly through the. passageways It in a plurality of separate streams and is discharged from the open, rear ends of said 'passageways, while the air or-other medium for treating the gas flows in a plurality of separatestreams rearwardly through the passageways II to the open, rear ends of said passageways where it is discharged and intermixed with the gas as the latter is discharged from the rear ends of the passageways I0, thereby accomplishing the pur{ pose of the invention.

Suitable means is provided, preferably at the rear endsof either the gas passageways ill or the air or other treating medium passageways ll, either to deflect the discharged gas laterally into the streams of air or other treating medium flowing from the rear ends of the passageways H or to deflect the air or other treating medium laterally from the rear ends of the passageways I l into the gas flowing from the rear ends of the passageways It. In any event, because ofdividing the gas and the air or other treating medium 'into separate streams and because of laterally ing medium with the gas is effected rapidly and thoroughly with the result that the gas, upon discharge from the rear ends of the passageways 0,.

vbe used to render an inflammable. non-flaming to their medial portions of greatest width and their rear end portions being tapered rearwardly from their said medial portions. Thus, the front end portion of each deflector element serves to divide the stream of gas discharged from the related gas passageway l0 into two branches and to deflect these two branches laterally in oppositedirections into the streams of air or other treating medium flowing rearwardly to either; side 0] the gas stream, thereby causing the gas and the air or other treating medium to become rapidly intermixed (see Fig. 2 of the drawings wherein the arrows a indicate the deflection of the gas and the arrows 1) indicate the streams of air or other treating medium).

Due to the illustrated and described shape of the deflector elements l2 each adjacent two of said elements serve to define between their middle and rear end portions a Venturi-like passageway through which the intermixed gas and air or other treating medium is discharged rearwardly from the device and which serves advantageously to accelerate flow of the intermixed gas and air I or other gas treating medium from the device.

Obviously, instead of mounting the deflector elements I! in alinement with the gas passageways III 'to deflect the gas streams laterally into the streams of air orother treating medium said ments is used, the elements of this set preferably are mounted-in alinement with the gas passageways I 0 to deflect the streams of gas laterally into the streams of air or other treating medium, not only because it is more advantageous to break up or to difiu'sethe'gas streams as much as possible rather than the streams of air or other treatingmedium, but because the deflector elements,"when disposed in alinement with the gas passageways, act as shields to cover the open rear-ends of said passageways and thereby hide deflecting either the streams of gas into the. 1

' streams of air or other treating medium, or viceversa,;the intermixture of the air or other treatfrom,-.view from points behind the device any flaming. or glowing gas present in said passageways. Moreover, in order additionally to insure against view from any point behind the device of the openfrear ends of the gas passageways l0 and of any flaming or flowing gas present in said passageways, the entire rear end of the device may be enclosed by a box-like shield structure, designated generally as C, which is open at its front-andrear ends for the flow therethrough of the gas to be treated and of the air or other tend any-desired distance rearwardly beyond the rear endjofi'the throat structure B. This shield As illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, deflector elements I! are provided at the rear ends of'the gas passageways In for deflecting the streams of gas laterally into the streams of air.

with the rear ends of the gas passageways ill and at their points of greatest width preferably are at least as wide as the rear ends of said gas passageways. Moreover. said deflector elements'are their front end portions being flared rearwardly m'edium'-;-for treating the gas, and which may exstructure (2' may be formed either as a part of or separately'from the throat structure B, and if These deflector elements l2 preferably are coextensive in height itis formed asa part separate. from said throat structure it maybe secured tosaid throat struc mm by means of rivets, welding or in any other suitable manner; In addition, said shield structure'C may be employed as a supporting means forthe deflector'elements I2 which elements may I -be fastened in aid structure in any suitable manne r as, for example, by means of rivets l3.

0bviously,. because of inclining the throat structure B upwardly with respect. to the mouth or neck A,-t hepassageways l0 and II are offset upwardly from said mouth or neck A and. thereby the passageways Ii are disposed for flow 'diaaoaaoa rectly therethrough of air or other treating medium flowing rearwardly along'the outside of the gas conduit M with which the device is connected. In this connection, while the device has been described as being disposed horizontally with the throat structure B thereof inclined upfor the purpose of simplifying the present description and that the device may be disposed vertically or at any desired inclination and may even be reversed, top for bottom, without afiecting its mode of operation.- Moreover, instead of the device including a throat structure which is inclined only upwardly from the mouth or neck A, adual throat structure may be employed extending both upwardly and downwardly from said mouth or neck or, in other words, from op-' posite sides of said mouth or neck. In fact, the device, instead of being of elongated, flat or sub stantially flat form, as shown in Figs. 1 to'4, may

. wardly, it is to be understood that this is merely heat able heat insulating material i2 may be inter- --:posed between'the' front: and therear parts I 2 m, respectively, to shield the rear part li from the heat of the hot gases.-

Instead oi the deflector'elements being formed and arranged to dividethe gas'streams into two branches and to laterally deflect, these branches in opposite directions into the adjacent streams of air-for other trea i medium, or vice-verse,

any one or all' of said elements may be formed and arranged to deflect the entire related stream of gas laterally in a single direction into only one of the adjacent streams of air or other treating 1 medium, or vice-verse; For example, referring to Fig. '8, it will be observedthat the deflector be of circular form as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, I

in which case the throat structure, designated generally as B, will comprise an annular series of radially disposed alternate gas and air or other elements therein illustrated and designated as I'M-are at least as wide as the related. gas pas-' sageways i0 and are alined with said passageways, but that each of them is flat'atone side and at'its'other sidehas its front portion inclined outwardly and .rearwardly and its rear portion inclined inwardlyi and rearwardly.- All treating medium passageways Ill and ii, re-

spectively, inclined outwardly and rearwardly from a mouth or neck A of circular or similar shape in cross section for connection with a gas conduit such as an engine exhaust conduit of corresponding shape in cross section. Alternatively, instead of the device being of either flat or circular form, it obviously may be of segmental form, its shape or form depending largely upon the shape or form of the discharge end oi'the gas conduit with which it is to be connected and used. In other-words, the discharge of the gas from each gas passageway thusis deflected laterally-in only asingle direction into theadjacent stream of air orother treating medium. Ot'course, deflector elements such asithe" deflector element I2 may be alined withthe air or other treating medium passageways to deflect the: streams of air or othertreating medium into the streams of gas.

'Fig. 8 additionally fillustrates suit able plates i5 maybe provided between the deflector elements i2" for cooperating with saiddeflector end of the gas conduit-may be of elongated. flattened or so-called fishtail form, and in that event the device will have an elongated, flattened mouth, or neck generally as ShOWIl'iD. Figs. 1 to 4 for connection with the discharge end of such a conduit, and the form of the device will be generally as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 as dictated by the shape of its mouth or neck. On the (lather hand, if the discharge and of the gas conduit is of circular or generally circular shape in cross "section, the device may have the general form shown in Figs; 12 and 13 for use with such a conduit.

In any form of the device the deflector ele-' vent, or assist? in preventing, view of flam-' ing or glowinggases inthe gas passageways of the ,deviceirom-points behind, the device. In' Fig. l-su'ch flns orplates, designated as l5, are

ments I2 or their equivalents may be either solid or hollow and may be formed from any suitable material. For example, said elements may be in the form of either hollow or solid bodies of a ceramic or other suitable material which is highly resistant to heat and which has the characteristic that it does not glow'at any temperature to which it is raised by the heat of the gas being treated. Alternatively, and regardless of the material from which said elements are formed, any suitable means may be employed tomaintain them sufficiently cool to prevent them from glowing and thereby being seen during times of darkness.

In Figs.'1 to 4 the deflector elements l2 are oi any alternative form.

elements te'preventany view, from points behind" thedevice, of flaming orglowing gas in the gas f passageways of the device, and in this connection I it will be understood, 0! course, that plates of the. 4 type and forthepurpose of the plates 15 may be 1 provided between the deflector elements whether the latter are ofthe .form shown in Fig. 8 or are In lieu-oi? or in additionto plates such as, the plates i5 ,-suitable'flns or .plates'may be provided atthe rear ends of the deflector elements. to preillustrated as" being carried by and extending rearwardly from the deflector elements. They may, however, be separate-tram the deflector elements and may b'e-mou'nted at the rear ends thereof in-any suitable-manner. If the deflector elements are hollow theymay be cooled by circulating air or anyother cooling medium through them, and in this connection Figs. -9 to .11 ofthe-drawings' illustrate one prac H tical manner of utilizing the air or other treating medium flowing rearwardly with respect to the device toinduce a coolinglflow of'said air or other treating medium through the deflector elements. The deflector elements have openings i6 extendingtherethro'ugh from top to bottom therer I of and in the top and the bottom walls of the shield element C are openings l1 and i8, respectively, which are alined with the openings 16. In front of the openings H in the top wall of the shield element C said shield element has suitably fastened thereto the front portion of a deflector plate l9 which extends at a rearward and upward inclination to said top wall in overlying, spaced relationship to the openings I'I. Thus, the plate of the hot gases.) Alternatively, 6 illus-' that, in a two-part-deflector element comprising spaced-apartjfront a'ndrear parts, suitthrough their open bottoms.

it serves to deflect the air brother treating air or other treating medium upwardly through.

the deflector elements. 7 g

lnFigs. 9 and lo the hollow deflector elements,

with the gas passageways it to deflect the gas discharged from the rear ends or said gas pas designated as 82 may be presumed to be formed from a ceramic or other suitable material which does not glow when heated and are sho as being fastened in the shield element C by means of rivets it". On the other hand, .thedeflector elements shown in Fig. ii and designated as til may be presumed to be formed from sheet-metal or other suitable sheet material and are shown as being retained in the shield element C by means of tongues 2d bent downwardly'irom the top wall and upwardlyfrom thebottom wall of said shield element and engaging thesides of the deflector elements at the upper and the lower ends thereof. However, any other suitable means may beamployed for fastening the deflector elements in the shield element C, In fact, the shield element itself may be dispensed with if desired and any suitable means may be employed in lieu thereof ior opera tively mounting the deflector elements at the rear end of the device. 4

as in the case of the deflector elements, the shield structure C-may be formed from a material having the characteristic that it does not glow when it is subjected to a high degree of heat. in fact, any or all of the elements of the device may be formed from, or may be lined or covered, or may be both lined and. covered, by such a material. r According to the specific construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to a, the throat structure B is composed of separate upper and lower parts 2i and 22, respectively, which may be riveted, welded or otherwise suitably fastened together. The

. upper part 2! is corrugated to provide the openbottom gas passageways is and the closed-bottom air or other treating medium passageways. ii, and said part is fastened at its front end to the top wall of the mouth or neck A so that the bot toms of said passageways it andit are disposed in, or substantially in, the plane of the'top wall of said mouth or neck. On the other hand, the bottom part 22 includes a flat bottom wall inclined upwardly from the bottom wall of the mouth A to the bottoms of the passageways i and ii at ill the rear ends of the latter, and end walls cooperating with said flat bottom wall to dirct the gases to be treated into the passageways ill According to the speciflc construction illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13. the mouth or neck A is of circular shape in cross section; the throat structure B, considered as an entirety, likewise is of circularshape in crosssection and is flared rearwardly from said mouth or neck; said throat structure is corrugated to provide the alternately and radially disposed open-bottom gas passageways i0 and the closed-bottom air or other treating medium passageways H; the bottoms of all. of said passageways are alined,

or approximately alined, with the wallet the mouth or neck A a shield structure .0 in the form of outer and inner circularbands 23' and 24, respectively, is fastened to the rear end portion of the throat structure B and-extends rearwardly therebeyond radially disposed deflector elements 12' are mounted in said shield structureC' between the bands 23 and thereof in alineimmt 'sageways laterally into the streams of air or other treating medium flowing rearwardily through the v passageways l i, and a conical element 25 extends ways it through the open bottoms thereof.

Flow of air or other treating medium through the passageways H or it of the device may be produced due to travel'of the device through the atmosphere or in any other suitable manner. In any event, due to the division of the gas and the air or other treating medium into separate streams and to the intermixiug of these streams, any flame quickly is extinguished or snufifedout if the gas is flaming, or the gas quickly is renders non inflammable if it is not flaming, either be= cause oi its dilution or cooling, or because of both its dilution and cooling, by the treating air or other treating medium, or entirely or in part by the chemical action or the treating medium in case the treating medium should be of a chemical nature to accomplish or to assist in accomplishing its purpose. Obviously, the intermixing oi the gas with the air or other treating medium may take place as the gas and the air or other treating medium are discharged from the rear ends oi the passageways it, it or ill, ii, or openings may be provided in the walls separating said passage ways so that the intermixing may talre place either entirely or in part during flow of the gas and the air or other treating medium through their respective passageways.

Preferably the passageways id, id and it, it are longitudinally straight and extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device so that the device offers little drag or resistance to its forward travel through the atmosphere, which is of importance when the device is used upon the engine exhaust conduit of an aircraft. Moreover, any suitable means may beemployed, if desired, to deflect the air or other treating medium into the passageways ll or ii.

Instead of the device being formed to divide the gas to be treated and the air or other treat-= ing medium into separate streams, it may be formed to disperse the gas laterally outward in an infinite number of directions into a stream of air or other treating medium. In other words. there may be provided at the discharge end of any gas conduit, regardless of its cross sectional shape, any suitable means to intercept the dis= charged gas and to spread it outwardly into a contiguous stream of air or other treating medium. Thus, referring to Fig. la wherein a gas conduit of circular shape in cross section is designated as M, it will be observed that adjacent to. the discharge and of said conduit and in alinement therewith is arranged a deflector element I? the front end of which is of rearwardly flaring conical form so that it functions to intercept the gas and to spread or disperse it outwardly in the form of a circular sheet into the air or other treating medium flowing rearwardly along the outside of the gas conduit I 4'. If desired, but not necessarily, a tubular member 26 may be provided to confine the air or other treating medium into which the gas is deflected. In any event, the same general purpose is accomplished as is accomplished by dividing the gas intermix rapidly and thoroughly.

Obviously, a device constructed and operating in accordance with the invention may be used for purposes other than rendering inflammable, non-flaming gases non-inflammable'or for extinguishing the flames of flaming gases. For example, a device constructed and operating in accordance with the invention may be used in the art of ventilation for admitting either warm air or cool air, one to the exclusion of the other, into a room or other enclosure for the purpose of warming or cooling the room at certain times, or, at other times, for admitting regulated amounts of warm and cool air into the room or other enclosure to obtain a desired room or enclosure temperature. Obviously, if the device is 7' used for simultaneously admitting warm air and cool air to the room or other enclosure, it will serve advantageously to effect rapid and thorough intermixture of the warm air with the cool air as the admission occurs.

When any given embodiment of the device is attached to a gas or other conduit it obviously forms, in effect and to all intents and purposes, a

' part of the conduit, and the appended claims should be construed accordingly.

Without further description it is thought that the features and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent to-those skilled in the art, and it will of course be understood that changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. The method of treating an inflammable gas flowing through and from a conduit by intermixing therewith another gas which comprises dividing each of the gases into a plurality of separate streams, directing the streams of the respective gases alongside of and in alternate relationship to each other, and deflecting each stream of one of said gases into the two streams of the other gas to either side thereof.

2. A device of the character described comprising a neck for connection with the discharge end of a gas conduit and a throat structure extending rearwardly and outwardly from said neck and divided into a plurality of passageways for the gas in communication with said neck and another plurality of passageways open at their outer sides and ends for a medium for treating the gas non-communicating with said neck, the

respective passageways extending longitudinallyof the device in alternate side to side relationship to each other continuously laterally outwardly with respect to said neck and having contiguous open rear ends, the passageways for the treating medium also being open at their front ends for entrance of the treating medium into the from other 0! said passageways to either side thereof.

4. A device of the character described for connection with the discharge end of a gas conduit, said device including a throat structure to constitute a rearward extension of the conduit, said throat structure having a plurality of passageways extending longitudinally thereof for dividing the gas into a plurality of separate streams, said throat structure also having another plurality of passageways extending longitudinally thereof and alternated with said gas passageways in side to side relationship theretoand noncommunicating with said gas passageways for dividing a treating medium for the gas into a plurality of separate streams, said passageways having contiguous open rear ends, deflector ele-' ments at the rear ends of certain of said passageways for deflecting the streams flowing therefrom laterally into the streams flowing from other of said passageways, and a box-like shield element open at its front and rear ends and covering the rear end of said throat structure;

5. A device of the character described for connection with the discharge end of a gas conduit, said device including a throat structure to constitute a rearward extension of the conduit, said throat structure having a plurality of passageways extending longitudinally thereof for dividing the gas into a plurality of separate streams, said throat structure also having another plurality of passageways extending longitudinally thereof and alternated with said gas passageways in side to side relationship thereto and non com- 5 municating with said gas passageways for dividing a treating medium for the gas into a plurality of separate streams, said passageways having contiguous open rear ends, a box-like shield element open at its front and rear ends and covering the rear endof said throat structure, and deflector elements mounted in said shield element in alinement with the open rear ends of the gas passageways for deflecting the streams of gas discharged from said gas passageways into the streams ofthe treating medium to either side of said gas passageways.

6. A device of the character described for connection with the discharge end of a gas conduit, said device including a throat structure to constitute a rearward and outward extension of the conduit, said throat structure being corrugated to provide a plurality of open-ended open-bottom passageways for the gas and another pluralityof open-ended closed-bottom open-top passageways for another gas fortreating the first mentioned gas, said passageways extending longitudinally of the device and .being alternated with respect to one another, and means separate from said throat structure and located at the rear ends of ways extending longitudinally thereof and also into another separate plurality of gas treating medium passageways extending longitudinally thereof and alternated with said gas passageways in side to side relationship thereto, said passageways having contiguous open rear ends, and deflector elements separate from said partition walls and located at the rear ends of certain of said passageways for deflecting the streams flowing therefrom laterally into the streams flowing certain of said passageways in alinement therewith for laterally deflecting the gas discharged therefrominto the gas discharged from the rear ends of adjacent passageways.

7. A device of the character described for connection with the discharge end of a gas conduit,

' side relationship thereto and non-communicating with said gas passageways for dividing a treat-= ins medium for the gas into a, plurality of separate streams, all of said passageways having contiguous open rear ends, and deflector elements at the rear ends oi certain of said passageways for deflecting the streams flowing therefrom lefteralis into the streams flowing from adjacent passageways, saioi deflector elements being te= pereei rearwardiy so that adjacent of said eie merits cooperate to provide Venturhiiise openings through which the intermixed gas and treating medium flow to the atmosphere.

s. A device of the character described for con- I f' election with the discharge end of a gas conduit.

said device including a throat structure to con stitute areerweroi extension of the conduit, said throat structure having a piiiraiity oi passage iii ssee eoe ing with said gas passageways for dividing a treating medium for the gas into a plurality or sepa rate streams, all of said passageways having con tiguous open rear ends, and deflector elements at the rear ends of certain of said passageways for deflecting the streams flowing therefrom iat= eraliy into the streams flowing from adjacent passageways, shield means covering the rear end of said throat structure and said deflector eiemerits, and fins extending rearwardiy from said deflector elements for cooperation with said shield means and said deflector elements to prep vent View from behind the device of the open rear ends of the gas passageways.

9. Adevice as set forth in claim 3 in which the deflector elements are hoiiow for flow of a cooling medium through them,

10. A device as set forth. in claim 3 inciuciine hollow deflector elements one means to deflect air flowing .rearwerdiy over the device through said elements to cooi them.

MAURICE SERRE. PM Z J. KURTH.

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