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US2356653A - Hurdle washer - Google Patents

Hurdle washer Download PDF

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Publication number
US2356653A
US2356653A US469257A US46925742A US2356653A US 2356653 A US2356653 A US 2356653A US 469257 A US469257 A US 469257A US 46925742 A US46925742 A US 46925742A US 2356653 A US2356653 A US 2356653A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hurdle
plates
gas
washer
spacers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US469257A
Inventor
Davis D Cox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
Original Assignee
Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co filed Critical Tennessee Coal Iron and Railroad Co
Priority to US469257A priority Critical patent/US2356653A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2356653A publication Critical patent/US2356653A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32—Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/3221—Corrugated sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/32213—Plurality of essentially parallel sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/32224—Sheets characterised by the orientation of the sheet
    • B01J2219/32227—Vertical orientation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hurdle washers and more particularly to a filling for use in packing wet tower type scrubbers.
  • These scrubbers are extensively used in the by-product coke and petroleum industries for the removal of a gas or vapor of a liquid miscible in all proportions with the scrubbing liquid, as illustrated by the removal of light oils from coke oven gas.
  • a conventional scrubber consists of a tall steel shell in which the filling is packed in layers of desired thickness.
  • the gas to be scrubbed is admitted at the bottom and passes upwardly through the lling and leaves the top of the unit.
  • the scrubbing medium or absorbent liquid is pumped to the top of the scrubb-er and is distributed uniformly over the top surface of the lling and ows downwardly through the same. As it comes in contact with the ascending gas, it absorbes the light oil component.
  • Coke, tile, wood or steel shavings, expanded metal lath and sectional wood trays have been used for packing materials.
  • the hurdle sections are placed in layers one above the other to the desired height.
  • the open area of scrubber for the passage of gas and absorbent medium is approximately 50% of the scrubber area, and thus a high pressure drop is experienced.
  • Increased scrubbing efliciency is obtained through breaking up the gas into more finely divided streams, increasing the absorbing wetted area of the filling, and eliminating stagnant lms of gas or liquid on the surface of the filling material.
  • An object of the invention is to greatly increase the wetted area of the scrubber lling.
  • Another object is to provide a filling having a low pressure loss therethrough.
  • Still another object is to increase the efficiency of the scrubber.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a scrubber embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a plan showing the arrangement of hurdles in the scrubber
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a hurdle section
  • Fig. 4 is an end View of the hurdle section and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the arrangement of the hurdles.
  • the numeral 2 indicates a vertical tower scrubber.
  • the gas to be cleaned enters the tower at 4, passes up through the hurdles 6 and out of the tower at 8.
  • the scrubbing medium from the sprays lll passes down through the hurdles absorbing light oil component from the gas, and then pass-es out of the bottom of the tower.
  • the hurdle consists of a plurality of layers of vertical parallel plates.
  • the rst layer of plates are laid at right angles to the I-beams I2 and each succeeding layer is laid at an angle of between 20 and 70 degrees to the layer beneath as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 5.
  • Each layer of hurdles consists of a plurality of sections A as best shown in Fig. 2.
  • VEach hurdle section consists of Ia plurality of plates I4 arranged as shown in Fig. 3. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, each plate has arcrimp or valley I6 therein. On each side of this valley there are substantially straight portions I8 and 20, having a plurality of spacers 22 thereon. Each spacer has a hole 24 therein.
  • the portion I8 has holes 26 in the outer portion thereof and portion 20 has similar holes adjacent the valley portion.
  • the spacers in portion I8 are formed adjacent the valley portion and those in portion 20 adjacent the edge of the plate.
  • the spacers and holes are symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the plate and so formed that upon turning the top to the bottom the holes 2B will match with the holes 24.
  • the first plate In assembling the hurdle section the first plate is placed in position with the portion 20 lower.- most. The next plate has the portion uppermost. The third plate is arranged the same as the rst. This arrangement is continued until the entire section has been arranged as shown in Fig, 3. By this arrangement each of the spacers 22 are staggered and therefore determine the.
  • the operation of the hurdle is as follows: As the gas ascends through the hurdles the crimp or valley produces three changes in the direction of gas flow, as indicated by the arrows a, b, and c in Fig. 3, thus breaking up the gas stream and causing impingement against the wetted surfaces of the plates. stagnant films of gas and absorbent, and brings them into direct and intimate contact, thus obtaining maximum absorption for unit area. Since there are no horizont-al surfaces therein, there are no deposits of carbonaceous material which ordinarily clog thegas and oil passages. The vertical surfaces also enable the units to be This greatly reduces theV cleaned by steaming or washing.
  • the hurdles in sections as shown in Fig. 2, they may be easily handled in assembling and one section may be replaced at a time.
  • a hurdle section of the class described comprising a plurality of plates, each of said plates having a valley portion centrally disposed therein and a relatively straight vertical portion on each side thereof, at least onespacer on each 15 vertical portion, the spacers of one portion being adjacent the end of the plate land the spacers of the other portion being adjacent the valley portion, the plates being arranged in vertical Y position.
  • a hurdle section of the class described comprising a plurality of plates, each of said plates having a valley portion centrally disposed therein and a relatitvely straight vertical portion on each side thereof, at least one spacer lon each vertical portion, the spacers of one portion being adjacent-the end of the plate and the spacers of the other portion being adjacent the valley portion, the plates being arranged in vertical parallel rows with the last named portion at the top in alternate plates, the straight portions and spacers having holes therein for receiving a rod when in assembled position, and means attached to the rod for holding the plates in assembled DAVIS D. COX.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Description

Aug. 22, 1944. D. D. cox 2,356,653
` HURDLE WASHER l Filed Deo. 16, 1942 2 sheets-sheet4 1f FIB 1;
WIN
I HUN U Wl Il U INU! INVENTOR: l 041//5 (01,
H/ WOP/Vix l 2 D. D. cox
HURDLE WASHER Aug. 22, 1944.
Filed Dec. 16, 1942 2 sheets-sheet 2 f@ ff .illllllls ig f5 lf@ FISA.
IN VEN TOR.'
Patented Aug. 22, 1944 HURDLE WASHER' f Y :Davis D. Cox,vvFairfield, Ala., assignor-tovTennessee l Coal, 'Iron & .Railroad Companyga Ycorporation of Tennessee Application December' 16, 1'942,"Serial NO SIIGZ? Y Z Claims.
This invention relates to hurdle washers and more particularly to a filling for use in packing wet tower type scrubbers. These scrubbers are extensively used in the by-product coke and petroleum industries for the removal of a gas or vapor of a liquid miscible in all proportions with the scrubbing liquid, as illustrated by the removal of light oils from coke oven gas.
A conventional scrubber consists of a tall steel shell in which the filling is packed in layers of desired thickness. The gas to be scrubbed is admitted at the bottom and passes upwardly through the lling and leaves the top of the unit. The scrubbing medium or absorbent liquid is pumped to the top of the scrubb-er and is distributed uniformly over the top surface of the lling and ows downwardly through the same. As it comes in contact with the ascending gas, it absorbes the light oil component.
Coke, tile, wood or steel shavings, expanded metal lath and sectional wood trays have been used for packing materials. The hurdle sections are placed in layers one above the other to the desired height. In most types of lling, the open area of scrubber for the passage of gas and absorbent medium is approximately 50% of the scrubber area, and thus a high pressure drop is experienced. Increased scrubbing efliciency is obtained through breaking up the gas into more finely divided streams, increasing the absorbing wetted area of the filling, and eliminating stagnant lms of gas or liquid on the surface of the filling material.
An object of the invention is to greatly increase the wetted area of the scrubber lling.
Another object is to provide a filling having a low pressure loss therethrough.
Still another object is to increase the efficiency of the scrubber.
These and other objects will be more apparent from the following details of disclosure when read in connection with the attached drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a scrubber embodying the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan showing the arrangement of hurdles in the scrubber;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a hurdle section;
Fig. 4 is an end View of the hurdle section and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the arrangement of the hurdles.
Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 2 indicates a vertical tower scrubber.
The gas to be cleaned enters the tower at 4, passes up through the hurdles 6 and out of the tower at 8. The scrubbing medium from the sprays lll passes down through the hurdles absorbing light oil component from the gas, and then pass-es out of the bottom of the tower.
The hurdle consists of a plurality of layers of vertical parallel plates. The rst layer of plates are laid at right angles to the I-beams I2 and each succeeding layer is laid at an angle of between 20 and 70 degrees to the layer beneath as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 5. Each layer of hurdles consists of a plurality of sections A as best shown in Fig. 2. VEach hurdle section consists of Ia plurality of plates I4 arranged as shown in Fig. 3. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, each plate has arcrimp or valley I6 therein. On each side of this valley there are substantially straight portions I8 and 20, having a plurality of spacers 22 thereon. Each spacer has a hole 24 therein. The portion I8 has holes 26 in the outer portion thereof and portion 20 has similar holes adjacent the valley portion. The spacers in portion I8 are formed adjacent the valley portion and those in portion 20 adjacent the edge of the plate. The spacers and holes are symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the plate and so formed that upon turning the top to the bottom the holes 2B will match with the holes 24.
In assembling the hurdle section the first plate is placed in position with the portion 20 lower.- most. The next plate has the portion uppermost. The third plate is arranged the same as the rst. This arrangement is continued until the entire section has been arranged as shown in Fig, 3. By this arrangement each of the spacers 22 are staggered and therefore determine the.
horizontal distance between the plates. The plates are fastened together by means of rods 28 which pass through the holes in the plates as shown. Washers 30 are welded to the ends of the rods to hold the plates in assembled position.
The operation of the hurdle is as follows: As the gas ascends through the hurdles the crimp or valley produces three changes in the direction of gas flow, as indicated by the arrows a, b, and c in Fig. 3, thus breaking up the gas stream and causing impingement against the wetted surfaces of the plates. stagnant films of gas and absorbent, and brings them into direct and intimate contact, thus obtaining maximum absorption for unit area. Since there are no horizont-al surfaces therein, there are no deposits of carbonaceous material which ordinarily clog thegas and oil passages. The vertical surfaces also enable the units to be This greatly reduces theV cleaned by steaming or washing. By making the hurdles in sections as shown in Fig. 2, they may be easily handled in assembling and one section may be replaced at a time.
While one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it will be apparent that other modifications and adaptations may be made without departing from the scope of the attached claims.V
I claim: y
1. A hurdle section of the class described comprising a plurality of plates, each of said plates having a valley portion centrally disposed therein and a relatively straight vertical portion on each side thereof, at least onespacer on each 15 vertical portion, the spacers of one portion being adjacent the end of the plate land the spacers of the other portion being adjacent the valley portion, the plates being arranged in vertical Y position.
parallel rows with the last named portion at the top in alternate plates 'and means for fastening the plates together.
2. A hurdle section of the class described comprising a plurality of plates, each of said plates having a valley portion centrally disposed therein and a relatitvely straight vertical portion on each side thereof, at least one spacer lon each vertical portion, the spacers of one portion being adjacent-the end of the plate and the spacers of the other portion being adjacent the valley portion, the plates being arranged in vertical parallel rows with the last named portion at the top in alternate plates, the straight portions and spacers having holes therein for receiving a rod when in assembled position, and means attached to the rod for holding the plates in assembled DAVIS D. COX.
US469257A 1942-12-16 1942-12-16 Hurdle washer Expired - Lifetime US2356653A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2612359A (en) * 1947-03-26 1952-09-30 Servel Inc Evaporative water cooler
US2627396A (en) * 1948-03-22 1953-02-03 Simons Edward Cooling tower
US2695773A (en) * 1949-11-02 1954-11-30 Carrier Corp Cooling tower
US2793017A (en) * 1954-10-04 1957-05-21 Dow Chemical Co Apparatus for distributing falling liquid in thin films
US2977103A (en) * 1957-11-25 1961-03-28 Acme Ind Inc Cooling tower structure
DE1103361B (en) * 1959-05-19 1961-03-30 Bischoff Gasreinigung Cooling tower with trickle fittings made of plastic
DE1107258B (en) * 1956-07-04 1961-05-25 Dow Chemical Co Trickle cooler, trickle filter or the like.
US3227429A (en) * 1963-02-04 1966-01-04 American Radiator & Standard Mass transfer packing
US3286999A (en) * 1964-07-02 1966-11-22 Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Cooling tower
US3592452A (en) * 1969-12-27 1971-07-13 Universal Oil Prod Co Fluid-contacting device
US3804389A (en) * 1969-06-17 1974-04-16 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Wet deck fill section
US3965225A (en) * 1974-03-11 1976-06-22 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Spacer-turbulator
US4557878A (en) * 1984-05-22 1985-12-10 Munters Corporation Splash-type fill
US4562015A (en) * 1984-05-22 1985-12-31 The Munters Corporation Open mesh fill assembly
US4803018A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-02-07 Marcel R. Lefevre Splash fill for heat and mass transfer apparatus and method of making a splash fill assembly
US4842778A (en) * 1985-12-23 1989-06-27 Glitsch, Inc. Apparatus for flow distribution in packed towers
US4950430A (en) * 1986-12-01 1990-08-21 Glitsch, Inc. Structured tower packing
US6032932A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-03-07 Sixsmith; Richard Packing grates for wet gas scrubber and other applications

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2612359A (en) * 1947-03-26 1952-09-30 Servel Inc Evaporative water cooler
US2627396A (en) * 1948-03-22 1953-02-03 Simons Edward Cooling tower
US2695773A (en) * 1949-11-02 1954-11-30 Carrier Corp Cooling tower
US2793017A (en) * 1954-10-04 1957-05-21 Dow Chemical Co Apparatus for distributing falling liquid in thin films
DE1107258B (en) * 1956-07-04 1961-05-25 Dow Chemical Co Trickle cooler, trickle filter or the like.
US2977103A (en) * 1957-11-25 1961-03-28 Acme Ind Inc Cooling tower structure
DE1103361B (en) * 1959-05-19 1961-03-30 Bischoff Gasreinigung Cooling tower with trickle fittings made of plastic
US3227429A (en) * 1963-02-04 1966-01-04 American Radiator & Standard Mass transfer packing
US3286999A (en) * 1964-07-02 1966-11-22 Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Cooling tower
US3804389A (en) * 1969-06-17 1974-04-16 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Wet deck fill section
US3592452A (en) * 1969-12-27 1971-07-13 Universal Oil Prod Co Fluid-contacting device
US3965225A (en) * 1974-03-11 1976-06-22 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Spacer-turbulator
US4557878A (en) * 1984-05-22 1985-12-10 Munters Corporation Splash-type fill
US4562015A (en) * 1984-05-22 1985-12-31 The Munters Corporation Open mesh fill assembly
US4842778A (en) * 1985-12-23 1989-06-27 Glitsch, Inc. Apparatus for flow distribution in packed towers
US4950430A (en) * 1986-12-01 1990-08-21 Glitsch, Inc. Structured tower packing
US4803018A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-02-07 Marcel R. Lefevre Splash fill for heat and mass transfer apparatus and method of making a splash fill assembly
US6032932A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-03-07 Sixsmith; Richard Packing grates for wet gas scrubber and other applications

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