US2035194A - Nozzle construction - Google Patents

Description

March 24, 1936. J. c. scHELLlN 2,035,194

. NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 11, 1935 l, MECA Patented `Mar. Q24, 1936 Y,

NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION John C. Schellin, Woo

The Akron Brass Manufacturing Company, Wooster, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application February'n, 1935, serial No. 5,957 s Claims. (c1. 299-115) The invention relates to nozzles for breaking up fluid media and discharging the same in the form of extremely fine particles. More particularly, the invention relates to nozzles for discharging particles of fluid media in a state adapted to effectively extinguish various types of, fires.

Many res may be extinguished more easily, rapidly and eiectively than has been previously possible by providing a nozzle which will break up and discharge fluid media in such ne particles as to form a dense fog or vapor, because the fog acts to blanket or smother a large area of re. Such a nozzle is disclosed, described and claimed in my prior Patent No. 1,995,884, entitled Fogproducing nozzle.

Where a nre of substantial depth is to be extinguished, it is frequently desirable to have a nozzle which will discharge uid media in the form of a stream of relatively high velocity. This type of re occurs in the burning of relatively light material which is not too greatly compacted, such as piles of cotton waste, waste papers, rubbish and the like, where combustion takes place not only on the surface of the material, but throughout the mass. Y

In such instances, a high velocity stream of Water or other uid medium will act to penetrate the mass of burning material and extinguish the fire burning beneath the surface, and if the surface of the mass is also burning, the extinguishing uid may be applied in the form of a stream and a fog simultaneously, to extinguish all of the fire with maximum eiectiveness.

I have provided a nozzle which is capable of discharging a uid medium such as water in the form of a stream and a fog, either together or singly.

Such a nozzle is particularly applicable for use by any and all persons extinguishing relatively small res, because a small re of waste paper and the like can be completely extinguished so g quickly and with so small an amount of water that a minimum of damage results.

It is therefore an object of the present inven` tion to provide an improved nozzle construction for pressure uid lines which is capable of producing simultaneously a fog composed of particles of maximum neness and a fluid stream of relatively high velocity.

Another object is to provide an improved nozzle construction for pressure `fluid lines which is adapted to selectively produce a fog composed of particles of maximum fineness or a fluid stream Vof 5 ilrelatively high velocity. Y

"A runner` ebject" "to provide an improved nozzle construction having manually operable valve means for controlling the form in which the fluid is discharged. n f

A still further object is to provide an improved nozzle construction which is simply and compactly constructed, and adapted for quick'and easy connection to' any portable or stationary pressure fluid line. j

These and other objects are attained by the parts, elements, combinations and improvementsV comprising the present invention, which are hereinafter described in detail and dened in the appended claims.

In general terms, the improved nozzle may be stated as including a separable housing having al fluid entrance end and a fluid discharge end, the entrance end being adaptedsforV connection to a pressure fluid line, the discharge end being provided with a discharge aperture, rotor means intermediate the ends of thel housing for breaking up iiuid passing in the entrance end into fine particles and imparting a rapid whirling motion thereto, said rotor means being adapted todischarge the ne whirling particles intoa chamber l to the discharge aperture in the discharge end, I

and valve means for selectively closing off said direct passage or closing off communication be-v tween the rotor means and the entrance end'of said housing. 1 I A i Referring to the drawing forming partA hereof:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of the improved nozzle showing the Valve means in position to permit the discharge of fluid in the form of a-fog and a stream simultaneously;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of the improved nozzle taken atright angles to the view in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is afragmentary section similar to Fig. 2, showing the valve means in a position -closing off the discharge of fluid in the form of a fog; y

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section similar to Fig.` 2, showing the valve means in a position closing off the discharge of fluid in the form of a stream;

Fig. 5 is' a transverse sectional view as on line 5 5, Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view taken substantially on l'ine 6 6, Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially on line 1 1, Fig. 4; and

8 8, Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view ason line Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawing.

The improved nozzle preferably includes a separable housing or casing which may include the head member indicated generally at I0 and the tail member indicated generally at I I.

The tail member II is preferably provided at its entrance end with the female coupling portion I2 which is internally threaded as shown at I3 for connection' with a pressure fluid line I4 in the vusual lmanner. The-usual gasket I5 is provided in the female coupling portion I2 Jfor making a leak-proof connection between the pressure line and the nozzle.

At its other end the tail member II is provided with an annular externallwyfthreaded portion I6, and the head membrIQ is proyided with an annular internally threaded portion I1, which is adapted to be screwed-fonte the externally threaded portion IB of the tail member II.

Preferably', a gasket I8 of rubber andthe like is insertedbetween the'end face of vthe portion I6 and la shoulder Iii-inthe annular wall-"of--the head member I0 for makingthe joint between the head and tail members leak-proof'.Y i*

The head'member I 0 may have a hemispherical or dome-shaped wall 20 forming a dome-shaped discharge chamber 2 In The dome-shaped'wall 2U is preferably provided with a restricted central discharge aperture-22 which is coaxialfwith the entrance end of the nozzle,'that is, with the female coupling portion I2. Preferably,V the discharge Vaperture 22 is loutwardly flared as shown, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. fr The tail-member II preferably has its discharge end closed by transverse partition wall 24. The wall 24 lpreferably rhas `a central bossl 25 formed thereon provided with the axial bore 25.

Preferably, the tail member II kis provided between its entrance end andthe wall' 24 witha valve chamber 21 which maybe cylindrical as shown anddisposed-at` right angles to the longitudinal axis ofthe nozzle, having vthe open end 28. The valve chamber wall 29at the entrance side is/ preferably 'provided'-with"an axial entrance port 3IJl communicating with the'cou'plin'gportion I2, and the axial bore 26 extends through the valve chamber wall 21 atthe'discharge side. The discharge end'of the axial 'bore 26 vis internally threaded as shown atf3I,` and a nozzle jet member 32 is screwed intofthe threaded bore The nozzle jet member is adapted to be disposed axially of the nozzle, and is of such length that the discharge end of thejet member 32 will extend through' the discharge aperture 22 Vof the head member I0 and preferablyterminates substantially at the outer surface of the dome wall 2U. The nozzle jet member 32 is providedwith an axial bore 33 which is in'axial alignment with' the bo:ce-26,''so4 that a strai'ghtfand' direct passage is provided from the entrance end of the nozzletoand through the discharge-aperture22 for Adischarging a stream of--water axially of the nozzle and of the dischargeaperture'.;`

Preferablmarotar 35 is rotatably mounted on the jetmember 32 adjacent to the'discharge side of boss- 25 of the transverse partition wall 24. The rotor 35 may be mounted lon 'the' nozzle jet member by means of an anti-friction bearing indicated at-36, the inner raceof thev bearing being secured to the jet member 32"'andthe outer raceI portion thereof-being securedto the rotor 35, with balls 36'rolling` n andbetween the races, inausualfmanner.

The rotor 35 is provided on its underside or entrance side with a series of blades 31, which may be radially disposed thereon, and the rotor 35 is preferably provided in its upper or discharge side with recessed portions 38 forming angular discharge ports 39 through the rotor.

Preferably, an annular chamber 43 is formed between the partition wall 24 and the wall 21', and surrounds the boss portion 25 in which the axial bore 251s located, and a port 4I extends through Wall 21 for providing communication between the valve chamber 21 and the annular chamber 40.

'The partition wall may be provided on its discharge side with circumferentially arranged bosses 42, each having an angular passage 43 extending therethrough "and providing communication between the annular chamber 45 and the discharge chamber 2| in the head member I0. The passages 43 are angularly disposed to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle so as to conduct fluid toward the underside or intake side of the rotor in such a way'that the fluid will impinge upon the blades 31to rotate the rotor and then discharge through the ports 3S, during which the fluid is broken up into extremely'small particles and the particles are given a"rapid whirling movement and'discharged an'gularly outward against the inner wall of the dome-shaped chamber 2|.

'Ihe improved valve means forselectively closing off the passage 26 leading to passage 33 of the jet member 32 or for` closing off thepassage 4I Whichestablishes communication between the entrance end of the nozzle and tlepassagles 43 leading to the rotor, may include'a cylindrical valve body 44 rotatably mounted in the valve chamber 21.

Preferably, a rubber sleeve or tube 45 is vulcanized or otherwise secre'dtothe inner surface of the chamber 21, land thevalve body 44 fits in the sleeve 45 with a close slidingt. "I he sleeve and valve body t tightly against the closed end of chamber 21, Vand the sleeve is provided" with ports 2Ba,'39a and 4Ia, 'registering with passages 26, 30,"and 4I respectively'in the walls of the valve chamber.

The means forv rotating the valve may include the handle '46""secured' toy a shank porticn"`41 Which is located inthe open end 28 of chamber 21,`and the inner surface of shank portion 41 maybe provided with; n annular rib 48 for liitting against the'end of sleeve45."

The projecting annularv wall of the open end 28 of the valve chambermay be p'rjcvided' with external threads indicated at 49 and a "cap 50" may be screwed thereon for abutting the4 shoulder, 5I on the shank portion 41`to'fonrrce the 'rib 48 against the end of sleeve 45 and"`forma"leak. proof seal around the valve body, 44. Preferably,r a segmentalril;P 52 projects inwardly from theshank portion 41 and fits loosely in a slot 53 in the valve vbody 44, afs bestshown in Fig. 8,for providing alI floating connection be-V tween the valve body and handle', sov thatjthe valve body is capableV of slight'rncver-1v1rent relative to the shank caused by compression Yo f the sleeve 45 Whenthe valve is close@ The valve body 444 isvpreferablyprovided with a. plurality of passages .formegisteringiwitj ports 26a, y300i and 4Ia ir'fthe slee'r passage A extends ,throughthes valve 4body 4'4, and provides communication between ports', '26cjand 30a. when thevalve 'isin the positionjoffFi'g; 2.

The through passage Blextendsthrgug'hthev ve body 'andv` intersects passage Afatf'the'vcf portionthereof, anlprovide's. omrnunicatio 4 51,V TheY through' nearer tween ports 26a'an'd 30a. when the valve is ln the position shown in Fig. 4. The passage C extends only half way through the valve body and communicates with passages A and B at the central portion of said valve body, so that passages C and A provide communication between ports 30a and 4|a in the position of the valve shown in Fig. 4.

While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of valve means, it will be understood that modified forms of valve means may be utilized for accomplishing. the purposes of my invention, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

In the operation of the improved nozzle, assuming that it is connected with a pressure fluid supply such as the pipe I4, in the position of the valve 44, as shown in Fig. 4, the passage 2B is closed and the passages C and A4 connect ports 30a and 4|a to provide communication between the entrance port 30 and passage 4|. Hence fluid passing into the tail member Il from pipe I4 will pass into annular chamber 40 and thence be conducted through passages 43 to impinge upon the blades 31 of rotor 35, as indicated by arrows in Fig. '7, to rotate the rotor on the bearing 36 at a high rate of speed.

As the rotor rotates, the fluid will be broken up into particles and discharged from the ports 39 angularly and upwardly outward to form a rapidly whirling vortex, the particles of which impinge upon the inner surface of dome wall 20 in the discharge chamber 2l. As indicated in Fig. 1, the whirling particles are further broken up and deflected by dome wall 25 until they finally issue from the restricted discharge aperture 22. Since the aperture 22 is outwardly ared the extremely fine whirling particles of fluid will issue therefrom in the form of a hollow cone-shaped fog, as indicated at 54 in Fig.- 1, which rapidly expands and covers a relatively large volume.

Where a re to be extinguished is burning substantially at the surface of a combustible mass, it has been found by actual test that the fog produced by the improved nozzle envelops and extinguishes the re with greater rapidity and greater` effectiveness than has been heretofore possible with prior types of nozzles and that the volume of water or other extinguishing fluid required is extremely low.

If the fire to be extinguished is one where a combustible mass is burning below the surface, so that it is desirable to have the extinguishing fluid penetrate beneath the surface of the mass, the operator of the improved nozzle has but to turn the handle 46 to rotate the valve to the v position shown in Fig. 3, in which position passage B connects ports Sua and 26a and all of the pressure fluid entering the tail member Il of the nozzle will pass directly through the axial fluid passage formed by passages 26 and 33 and issue out of the central portion of the discharge aperture in the form of a high velocity stream as indicated at 55 in Fig. 1.

When the handle 46 is turned to rotate the valve 44 to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which passages A and B provide'communication between the port 30a and both the ports 26a and 4 la. some of the fluid entering the nozzle will issue in the form of a hollow cone-shaped fog and the remainder of the fluid will issue in the form of a high velocity stream in the center of the cone of fog, all as indicated in Fig. 1. With the valve in this position, the nozzle therefore becomes effective in extinguishing are which is burning at the surface of a mass and also substantially throughout the mass.

Obviously, by rotating the valve body 44 to bring one of the solid portions 56 or 5l over the port 30a, the nozzle will be entirely shut off. Thus the valve has four positions: one where the nozzle is completely shut off, one for discharging aV stream only, one for discharging a fog only, and one for discharging a stream and fog simultaneously.

The improved nozzle is adapted to be operated by any and all persons in extinguishing various types of fires, and is particularly applicable to use in extinguishing relatively small household lires of waste paper and the like, because such` fires can be extinguished almost immediately with such a very small amount of water or other uid that a minimum` of damage results.

The improved nozzle is light in weight and easily handled and operated, and is adapted to be quickly and easilyconnected to any'portable or stationary pressure uid line. t

I claim: y

1. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and a discharge end, walls forming a discharge chamber in the discharge end and provided with a discharge aperture, rotor l means for breaking up fluid passing into the entrance end into particles and imparting whirling movement thereto, said rotor means being adapted to direct said whirling particles into the discharge chamber for being discharged from the discharge aperture, and walls forming a uid passage leading directly from said entrance end to said discharge aperture.

2. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and a discharge end, walls fo-rming a discharge chamber in the discharge end and provided with a discharge aperture, rotor means for breaking up fluid passing into the entrance and into particles and imparting whirling movement thereto, said rotor means being adapted to direct said whirling particles into the discharge chamber for being discharged from the discharge aperture, walls forming a fiuid passage leading directly from the entrance end to said discharge aperture, and valve means for closing said fluid passage.

3. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and a discharge end, the dis-A charge end being provided with a discharge aperture, rotor means. for breaking up fluid passing into the entrance end into particles and imparting whirling movement thereto, said rotor means being adapted to direct vsaid whirling particles into the discharge end of said housing for being discharged from said discharge aperture, walls forming a fluid passage leading directly from said entrance end to said discharge aperture, and single valve means for selectively closing said fluid passage or closing off said whirl imparting means from said entrance end.

4. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and a discharge end, walls forming a discharge chamber in the discharge end provided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably journalled in the housing, means for directing fluid passing into said entrance end. toward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided with ports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said discharge chamber, and walls forming a fluid passage leading directly from said entrance end to said discharge aperture.

5- Nozzle construction including; a houses having an entrance end and a discharge end, walls forming a discharge chamberin the discharge end provided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably iournallled in the housing, means -for directing fluid passing into said entrance end4 toward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided With ports for discharging whirling uid particles intor said discharge chamber, walls forming a uid passage leading directly from said entrance end'to said discharge `aperture, and valve means for selectively closing said fluid passage or closing off fluid passing to the rotor.

Nozzle construction including a housing hav-v ing an entrance end and a discharge end, wallsforming a discharge chamber in the discharge end provided with a discharge aperture, a rotor rotatably journalled in the housing', means for directing fluid passing into said entrance end toward said rotor for rotating the. same,v the rotor being provided with ports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said discharge chamber, the walls of said discharge chamber being adapted to cause the. whirling particles to issue from said discharge aperture in the form of a hollow cone, and Walls forming a fluid passage leading directly from said entrance end of the housing-tolr said discharge aperture for discharging a fluid stream within the central portion of said hollow cone.

7. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end and a discharge end, Walls formirle' a discharge chamber in the. discharge end-provided with a discharge aperture, a rotor'- rotatably journalled in the housing, means for directing fluid passing into said entrance end toy ward said rotor for rotating the same, the rotor being provided with ports for discharging whirling fluid particles into said discharge chamber, the Walls of said discharge chamberV being adapted to cause the whirling particles to issue from said discharge aperture in the form of a hollow cone, walls for-ming a fluid passage leading directly from said entrance end of the housing to said discharge aperture fordischarging a fluid stream within the central portion of said hollow cone, and valve means for closing` said fluid pas- Sge,

8. Nozzle construction including a housing having an entrance end andA a discharge end, walls forming a dischargeA chamber in the discharge end provided with a discharge aperture, a rotorrotatably journalled in the housing, walls forming passages for conducting fluid toward said rotor for rotating thesame, the rotor being provided With por-ts for discharging whirling uid particles into said discharge chamber, walls forming a port providing communication between said entrance end of the housing and said uid conducting passages, Walls forming a fluidl passage leading directly from said entrance end to said discharge aperture, and valve means for selectively closing said direct fluid passage or the port communicating with said fluid` conducting passages.

JOHN C. SCHELLIN.

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