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US20100018644A1 - Method and assembly for personalized three-dimensional products - Google Patents

Method and assembly for personalized three-dimensional products Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100018644A1
US20100018644A1 US12/475,003 US47500309A US2010018644A1 US 20100018644 A1 US20100018644 A1 US 20100018644A1 US 47500309 A US47500309 A US 47500309A US 2010018644 A1 US2010018644 A1 US 2010018644A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
convex lens
sheet
personal graphic
focal distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/475,003
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English (en)
Inventor
Andrew B. Sacks
John Lee
Hyunin CHUNG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US12/475,003 priority Critical patent/US20100018644A1/en
Publication of US20100018644A1 publication Critical patent/US20100018644A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B32B2037/1223—Hot-melt adhesive film-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/41—Opaque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2429/00—Carriers for sound or information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2451/00—Decorative or ornamental articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/06—Embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/14—Printing or colouring
    • B32B38/145—Printing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1089—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor of discrete laminae to single face of additional lamina
    • Y10T156/1092—All laminae planar and face to face
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and assemblies for three-dimensional products, and more particularly, to a personalized three-dimensional product.
  • a three-dimensional plastic sheet is formed of a lenticular screen that has an array of semi-cylindrical lenses each having a pitch of about 0.5 mm formed on the top surface of the sheet.
  • the images of an object seen by left and right eyes are each printed on a sheet of lenticular screen, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional image where the object looks like floating in the space or going away into the space when seen through the two eyes.
  • the lenticular screen that has the plurality of semi-cylindrical lenses serially arranged on the top surface of the plastic sheet gives the three-dimensional effect just to the left and right sides with respect to the length direction of each lens, but does not give any three-dimensional effect to the upper and lower sides thereof, such that there is a defect in that the viewing angle for the three-dimensional image is limited.
  • a conventional three-dimensional plastic sheet is formed in such a fashion that a printed surface seen through a lens layer having an array of lenses formed thereon is recognized thus to observe a designed three-dimensional image, wherein the printed surface is processed by means of general offset printing, for production in great quantities.
  • the conventional plastic sheet does not have any high resolution due to the embossing effect of the lenses seen through the lens layer, the printed screen cannot be vivid and clear.
  • a product that is not limited to mass production, but also can be utilized to create personalized products having a personal graphic applied relative to a special effect printed surface.
  • the present invention provides a method of making a personalized three-dimensional product.
  • the method comprises the steps of identifying a personal graphic.
  • the method can further comprise providing a sheet having a convex lens layer with an array of identical semi-spherical convex lenses formed on the top surface thereof wherein each convex lens has a focal distance, a transparent plate layer disposed at a bottom surface of the convex lens layer and having a thickness corresponding to the focal distance of each convex lens, and a focal distance layer disposed at a bottom surface of the transparent plate layer.
  • the method can further comprise applying the personal graphic relative to the sheet in a non-focal relationship relative to the convex lenses.
  • the method can comprise printing the personal graphic on a vinyl substrate and applying the vinyl substrate to a portion of the top surface of the convex lens layer.
  • the method can comprise applying an ink base surface onto at least a portion of the convex lens layer to create a substantially smooth printing surface.
  • the method can further comprise printing the personal graphic on the ink base surface.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional sheet according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the three-dimensional sheet of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a three-dimensional sheet according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view showing the three-dimensional sheet of FIG. 6 ;
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the image of the special effect printed surface on a focal distance printed layer is separated through a computer graphic process
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 8 , wherein the structure of dots by means of offset printing is enlarged;
  • FIG. 10 is illustrates convex lenses arranged at an inclination of 45° on a convex lens layer of an exemplary three-dimensional sheet
  • FIG. 11 is illustrates convex lenses arranged at an inclination of 60° on a convex lens layer of an exemplary three-dimensional sheet
  • FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view showing a three-dimensional sheet according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the underside of the three-dimensional sheet of FIG. 12 ;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view illustrating an exemplary rolling laminating process in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional sheet according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing the three-dimensional sheet of FIG. 16 ;
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an adhesive-backed vinyl substrate with the personal graphic printed thereon prior to application to the three-dimensional sheet;
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing the adhesive-backed vinyl substrate with the personal graphic printed thereon of FIG. 18 prior to application to the three-dimensional sheet;
  • FIG. 20 is a plan view of an exemplary personalized product
  • FIG. 21 is a plan view of a three-dimensional sheet prepared for application of a personal graphic in accordance with another embodiment
  • FIG. 22 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional sheet of FIG. 21 ;
  • FIG. 23 is a plan view of an exemplary personalized product
  • FIG. 24 is a plan view of a three-dimensional sheet prepared for application of a personal graphic positioned on an image carrier in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the three-dimensional sheet according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 26 is a plan view of an exemplary personalized product
  • FIG. 27 is a sectional view of the exemplary personalized product of FIG. 26 ;
  • FIG. 28 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional sheet according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 29 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional sheet having a surface layer applied thereon, according to another embodiment.
  • Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a method of making a personalized three-dimensional product having a personal graphic applied thereto.
  • the term “personal graphic” is intended to include, but is not limited to, a picture, photograph, icon, image, text, or a combination thereof.
  • the term “personal graphic” can also include, but is not limited to, any substantially two-dimensional item, such as but not limited to a photograph, business card, piece of paper, and other such two-dimensional items capable of having images or text printed or written thereon.
  • Products 1 can include, but are not limited to cards (such as but not limited to phone cards, business cards, membership cards, loyalty cards, credit cards and the like), cups, containers or boxes and the like, or postcards, greeting cards and the like.
  • the product 1 as described herein can be an end product or can be a component of a larger product, for example, an insert for a cup as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,153,555, which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
  • the product 1 can be applied to any one of a variety of end products, such as cups, containers, boxes, cards, etc.
  • product 1 as described herein can include any end product and/or can be applied to a variety of existing products, and is not intended to be limited to the examples provided herein.
  • the product I includes a three-dimensional sheet 5 secured to a base material 50 via an adhesive layer 40 .
  • the base material 50 can be, for example, paper, resin, plastic, glass, rubber, metal, alloy, or combinations thereof.
  • the base material 5 can be, for example, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PVC laminated polystyrene, compression laminated polystyrene, compression laminated PVC, polyester, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like, ABS, acrylics, epoxies, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, or combinations or laminates thereof.
  • the base material 5 can be, for example, opaque, transparent or semi-transparent.
  • the base material 5 can be configured in the processing machinery as a continuous web or otherwise and has a desired thickness, whether constant or variable, for a given product 1 .
  • the base material 5 can be in the form of a single unit to create a customized product.
  • the adhesive layer 40 can take various forms, including but not limited to, a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), a moisture cure adhesive, radiation curable adhesive, UV curable adhesive, a photo-cure adhesive, a thermo-setting resin, glue, or like materials.
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the adhesive can be applied to either or both the three-dimensional sheet 5 or the base material 50 with any suitable means, for example, a roll coater, spray coater, a curtain coater, a screen press through a screen and like devices.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 has a convex lens layer 10 disposed on the uppermost surface of the three-dimensional sheet 5 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 in some exemplary embodiments, can be manufactured in accordance with the methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,130,126, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, but can be made in other manners and have different configurations than described therein.
  • the convex lens layer is formed of a transparent synthetic resin by means of molding in such a manner as to have an array of identical semi-spherical convex lenses 11 formed vertically and horizontally on the top surface thereof.
  • the convex lenses 11 of the convex lens layer 10 can be arranged, as shown in FIG. 10 , at an inclination of 45°, in such a manner that the imaginary lines passing the centers of the convex lenses 11 have a crossing angle of 90°.
  • the convex lenses 11 can be arranged at different angles, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 , at an inclination of 60°, in such a manner that the imaginary lines passing the centers of the convex lenses 11 have a crossing angle of 60°.
  • the convex lenses 11 can be arranged at different angles, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 , at an inclination of 60°, in such a manner that the imaginary lines passing the centers of the convex lenses 11 have a crossing angle of 60°.
  • a transparent plate layer 20 which can be formed of a transparent synthetic resin, is disposed on the bottom surface of the convex lens layer 10 .
  • the transparent plate layer 20 can have a thickness that is substantially equal to a focal distance of each convex lens 11 .
  • a non-focal distance printed layer 31 can be disposed on the top surface of the transparent plate layer 20 by means of offset printing for providing a real picture screen thereon.
  • the printing of the real picture screen image 35 is performed using a desired registration of the transparent plate layer 20 such that the image 35 has a registration relative to the transparent plate layer 20 , and thereby, the three-dimensional sheet 5 .
  • the non-focal distance printed layer 31 has a general printed surface that is a part placed on the special effect printed surface of a focal distance printed layer 32 for providing a three-dimensional screen thereon, as will be discussed.
  • the general printed surface is displayed with the desired image, for example, subject pictures, product photographs, various patterns, and so on.
  • the special effect printed surface of the focal distance printed layer 32 is used for displaying the three-dimensional effect or the special effect of the pattern formed continuously from the top to the bottom thereof and from the left to the right thereof.
  • the differences of depth senses and the visual differences of special effects can be recognized between the special effect printed surface (having a non-three-dimensional effect, a three-dimensional effect, a motion effect, a transformation effect, and the like) of the focal distance printed layer 32 and the general printed surface of the non-focal distance printed layer 31 .
  • a focal distance layer such as the focal distance printed layer 32
  • the focal distance printed layer 32 is formed by means of the four-color dot printing having the same intervals and arrangements as the convex lenses 11 , and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , it is made through the image segmentation in the computer graphic process.
  • the manner of printing on the two layers 31 and 32 is preferably as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,130,126, but other methods can also be utilized.
  • a focal distance layer comprising an array of embossing patterns 33 can be formed on the bottom surface of the transparent plate layer 20 .
  • a plurality of grooves 33 a which are formed between the respective embossing patterns 33 , can be disposed at the focal positions of the respective convex lenses 11 .
  • a focal distance layer can comprise a focal distance printed layer, a focal distance embossed layer, a combination of a focal distance printed and embossed layer, or can comprise other effects positioned at a focal distance with respect to the convex lenses.
  • the convex lens layer 10 can be bonded to the transparent plate layer 20 with the printed layers 31 and 32 disposed thereon by means of laminating or adhesive.
  • the special effect printed surface of the focal distance printed layer 32 and the general printed surface of the non-focal distance printed layer 31 are disposed at the top and bottom surfaces of the transparent plate layer 20 , the effects that can be seen through the convex lens layer 10 are differently displayed. That is to say, the product pictures or subject pictures printed on the general printed surface look like floating in the space or going away into the space on the background having lots of figures printed on the special printed surface, thereby providing a high quality of three-dimension effect to the three-dimensional sheet 5 .
  • a generally flat viewing window 12 can be partially formed on the convex lens layer 10 , and the non-focal distance printed layer 31 is partially formed on the focal distance printed layer 32 in such a manner as to be disposed just below the viewing window 12 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet can have a convex lens layer 10 that is adhered, laminated, secured, formed on, or otherwise affixed to the top surface of the transparent plate layer 20 .
  • the focal distance layer such as a focal distance printed layer or focal distance embossed layer, can similarly be adhered, laminated, secured, formed on, printed on, or otherwise affixed to the bottom surface of the transparent plate layer 20 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 105 can be formed as an integral sheet having a convex lens layer 110 , transparent plate layer 120 , and a focal distance layer 132 formed integrally therein.
  • a transparent sheet can be provided having a specified thickness.
  • the convex lens layer 110 can be extruded or otherwise formed in the top surface of the transparent sheet to form semi-spherical convex lenses 111 , each having a focal distance.
  • the focal distance layer 132 can be formed on the bottom surface of the transparent sheet.
  • a focal distance printed layer can be printed on the bottom surface of the transparent sheet.
  • a focal distance embossed layer can be formed on the bottom surface of the transparent sheet. It is contemplated in one embodiment that the focal distance layer can be formed substantially simultaneously with the extrusion or formation of the convex lens layer on the top surface of the transparent sheet. Optionally, the focal distance printed layer can be formed prior to or after the formation of the convex lens layer.
  • the thickness of the transparent sheet can be selected such that after the convex lens layer has been formed on the top surface thereof, at least a portion of the remainder of the sheet forms a transparent plate layer 120 that has a thickness that corresponds to the focal distance of the convex lenses.
  • the focal distance layer can then be formed at a focal distance from the convex lenses.
  • an extruded pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) layer 40 for example a blend of 80% acrylic and 20% rubber-based material, with a silicone release liner 42 is applied to the base material 50 .
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the adhesive layer 40 can be applied to the base material 50 through a pressure nip roller (not shown). Other application methods can be utilized as described above. Additionally, the adhesive layer 40 can alternatively be applied to the three-dimensional layer 5 .
  • the release liner 42 is removed exposing the adhesive layer 40 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 is then registered relative to the base material 50 . Since the lenses 11 of the convex lens layer 10 have a uniform arrangement as illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11 , registration can be completed by using the registration of the image 35 , as indicated by the x-y coordinates, rather than the orientation of the three-dimensional sheet 5 . This increases the likelihood that the image 35 is properly positioned in the finished product 1 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 and the base material 50 can be tip mounted along the lead edge of the two materials and fed along a conveyor 60 .
  • the tip mounted materials can be fed into a series of rollers 62 - 68 as illustrated in FIG. 15 .
  • the rollers 62 - 68 gradually apply increasing amounts of pressure to ensure complete adhesion. That is, roller pair 62 applies lightest pressure, roller pair 64 slightly increases the pressure, followed by subsequent increases in roller pairs 66 and 68 . By gradually increasing the amount of applied pressure, the pressure on the convex lens layer 10 is minimized.
  • the finished product 1 exits the last roller pair 68 with the layers laminated together. While nip rollers are illustrated herein, other types of laminating machines, for example, a flexo machine, can also be utilized.
  • a personal graphic 31 ′ can be applied to the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ to create a personalized product 1 ′.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ includes the convex lens layer 10 formed on the uppermost surface thereof which is defined by an array of substantially identical semi-spherical convex lenses 11 as described in the previous embodiments.
  • a transparent plate layer 20 can be disposed on the bottom surface of the convex lens layer 10 , and in this case, the transparent plate layer 20 has the same thickness as a focal distance of each convex lens 11 .
  • a focal distance layer such as for example the focal distance printed layer 32 , can be provided on the bottom of the transparent plate layer 20 and provides the three-dimensional effect or the special effect pattern layer.
  • the convex lens layer, transparent plate layer, and focal distance layer can be integrally formed, such as shown in FIG. 28 , or can be formed separately and adhered or otherwise affixed to each other to form the three-dimensional sheet.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ in one embodiment does not include a non-focal distance layer.
  • a non-focal distance layer image 31 is provided on the top surface of the transparent plate layer 20 .
  • This non-focal distance layer image 31 can provide a non-personalized, non-effect image which complements the personal graphic 31 ′′.
  • the non-focal distance layer image 31 provides a visual picture frame border for the product 1 ′.
  • a user can utilize a three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ and an identified personal graphic 31 ′′ from a customer's graphic source 31 ′′, for example, a photograph.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ is preferably finished with the focal distance printed layer 32 already applied thereto.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ can be provided to the user unprinted such that the user can apply the focal distance printed layer 32 thereto.
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ is preferably manufactured and printed using the techniques described above, but other techniques can also be utilized.
  • the identified personal graphic 31 ′′ can have various forms, including but not limited to, pictures, icons, images, texts or combinations thereof.
  • the personal graphic 31 ′′ is a person's silhouette which is encompassed in a photograph, i.e. the graphic source 31 ′.
  • a graphic artist or the like creates a contoured cut that follows the outline of the personal graphic 31 ′′.
  • a machine or automated cutting device can be used to create the contoured cut.
  • the contoured cut corresponding to the personal graphic 31 ′′ establishes a desired cut path (the mask) on the graphic source 31 ′.
  • a printcut printer (not shown) can be used to output the personal graphic 31 ′′ on a vinyl substrate 71 , such as but not limited to a vinyl substrate having an adhesive backing 72 or the like.
  • the printer can automatically identify and apply the mask as a template to create the final cut-out 70 with the personal graphic 31 ′′ on the vinyl substrate 71 . While a print/cut printer is preferable to minimize steps, the cutting and printing steps can be performed as separate steps with the same or different devices.
  • the printed vinyl cut-out 70 can then be applied to the convex lens layer 10 of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ with the focal distance printed layer 32 printed thereon.
  • the printed vinyl cut-out 70 is applied onto the convex lenses 11 and therefore the personal graphic 31 ′′ is not subject to visual distortion based on the lenses 11 .
  • the focal distance printed layer 32 is seen through the lenses 11 at the focal distance thereof, the personal graphic 31 ′′ appears to float relative to the special effect layer created by the focal distance printed layer 32 .
  • an area 80 (the mask) for the personal graphic 31 ′′ can be defined on the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • the mask area 80 can be configured to correspond directly to the configuration of the intended personal graphic 31 ′′ as shown in FIG. 21 , or alternatively, the mask area 80 can have a generalized shape, for example, a rectangle or oval.
  • an ink base surface 82 can be applied directly on the convex lens layer 10 of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • the ink base surface 82 serves as a barrier between the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ and the personal graphic 31 ′′ and functions to create a smooth printing surface to apply the personal graphic 31 ′′ as shown in FIG. 22 .
  • the ink base surface 82 is preferably white, but can have other colors.
  • the ink base surface 82 can be applied in various manners.
  • the ink base surface 82 can be silk screened onto the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • the silk screening can be performed by the manufacturer wherein the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ is delivered with the ink base surface 82 already applied.
  • an end user can use a silk screening process to apply the ink base surface 82 .
  • the ink base surface 82 can be printed directly onto the convex lens layer 10 of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′, for example, using offset printing or the like.
  • the end user can simply print the personal graphic 31 ′′ onto the ink base surface 82 , as shown in FIG. 23 .
  • the personal graphic 31 ′′ can be printed thereon immediately after printing of the ink base surface 82 .
  • the four process color inks are applied on top of the initial ink base surface 82 to complete the personal graphic 31 ′′ directly onto the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ to create the personalized product 1 ′. Since the personal graphic 31 ′′ is applied onto the convex lenses 11 , it not subject to visual distortion based on the lenses 11 . However, because the focal distance printed layer 32 is seen through the lenses 11 at the focal distance thereof, the personal graphic 31 ′′ appears to float relative to the special effect layer created by the focal distance printed layer 32 .
  • an area 90 (the mask) for the personal graphic 31 ′′ is defined on the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • the mask area 90 can be configured to correspond directly to the configuration of the intended personal graphic 31 ′′, or alternatively, the mask area 90 can have a generalized shape, for example, an oval as shown in FIG. 24 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ is die or otherwise cut to define one or more through holes or windows 92 through the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′. As illustrated in FIG. 25 , such cutting also removes the associated portion of the focal distance printed layer 32 .
  • the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ can be adhered to an image carrier 94 .
  • the image carrier 94 can have various forms, for example, a greeting card, and can be configured to have the personal graphic 31 ′′ printed thereon.
  • the window(s) 92 are configured to align with the personal graphic 31 ′′ which is printed on an image carrier 94 .
  • the personal graphic 31 ′′ can be printed on the image carrier 94 prior to application of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′ to the image carrier 94 , or can be printed on the image carrier 94 after application through the windows.
  • the windows are free of lenses 11 such that the personal image 31 ′′ can be seen without distortion.
  • the focal distance printed layer 32 surrounds the window(s) 92 and is seen through the lenses 11 at the focal distance thereof, the personal graphic 31 ′′ appears to float relative to the special effect layer created by the focal distance printed layer 32 .
  • a surface layer 86 can be applied to the convex lens layer of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • a surface layer can be applied to or over all or a portion of the convex lens layer 10 to create a smooth top surface of the three-dimensional sheet 5 ′.
  • the surface layer 86 can be formed of polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PVC laminated polystyrene, compression laminated polystyrene, compression laminated PVC, polyester, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like, ABS, acrylics, epoxies, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, or combinations or laminates thereof.
  • the surface layer 86 can be formed of any transparent or substantially transparent material that can be placed over the convex lens layer to provide a substantially smooth surface layer.
  • a personal graphic can be applied on top of the surface layer.
  • the personal graphic can be applied using a variety of exemplary means, including printing directly onto the surface layer, printing onto a vinyl substrate which can be applied to the surface layer, providing an ink base surface on the surface layer, etc.
  • the personal graphic can also be printed or applied directly on the surface layer using manual printing means, such as a marker (which can be permanent, non-permanent, erasable, or the like), pen, crayon, paintbrush, or other manual printing means.
  • a marker which can be permanent, non-permanent, erasable, or the like
  • pen crayon, paintbrush, or other manual printing means.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
US12/475,003 2008-07-15 2009-05-29 Method and assembly for personalized three-dimensional products Abandoned US20100018644A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US8080008P 2008-07-15 2008-07-15
US12/475,003 US20100018644A1 (en) 2008-07-15 2009-05-29 Method and assembly for personalized three-dimensional products

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US12/475,003 Abandoned US20100018644A1 (en) 2008-07-15 2009-05-29 Method and assembly for personalized three-dimensional products
US12/502,461 Expired - Fee Related US8018655B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2009-07-14 Method and assembly for three-dimensional products
US13/205,101 Expired - Fee Related US8786952B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2011-08-08 Method and assembly for three-dimensional products

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US13/205,101 Expired - Fee Related US8786952B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2011-08-08 Method and assembly for three-dimensional products

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US (3) US20100018644A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2315672A4 (fr)
AR (1) AR072872A1 (fr)
BR (2) BRPI0916781A2 (fr)
CA (2) CA2730831A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2009001592A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6341594A2 (fr)
CR (1) CR20110087A (fr)
DO (2) DOP2011000018A (fr)
EA (1) EA201170194A1 (fr)
IL (2) IL210677A (fr)
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US10766292B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2020-09-08 Crane & Co., Inc. Optical device that provides flicker-like optical effects
US11446950B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2022-09-20 Visual Physics, Llc Optical device that produces flicker-like optical effects
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US10195890B2 (en) 2014-09-16 2019-02-05 Crane Security Technologies, Inc. Secure lens layer
US10189292B2 (en) 2015-02-11 2019-01-29 Crane & Co., Inc. Method for the surface application of a security device to a substrate
US11590791B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2023-02-28 Crane & Co., Inc. Machine-readable optical security device
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US11451653B2 (en) 2019-06-19 2022-09-20 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Film structure, shell, and electronic device

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AR072872A1 (es) 2010-09-29
IL210677A0 (en) 2011-03-31
MX2011000592A (es) 2011-05-27
WO2010009078A3 (fr) 2010-04-01
WO2010008691A3 (fr) 2011-03-10
EP2315672A2 (fr) 2011-05-04
WO2010008691A2 (fr) 2010-01-21
DOP2011000021A (es) 2011-09-30
CA2730905A1 (fr) 2010-01-21
IL210674A0 (en) 2011-03-31
WO2010009078A2 (fr) 2010-01-21
CO6341594A2 (es) 2011-11-21
DOP2011000018A (es) 2011-06-30
EP2315672A4 (fr) 2013-05-22
CL2009001592A1 (es) 2010-08-27
US20110292503A1 (en) 2011-12-01
IL210677A (en) 2013-11-28
CA2730831A1 (fr) 2010-01-21
US8786952B2 (en) 2014-07-22
MX2011000587A (es) 2011-03-25
US8018655B2 (en) 2011-09-13
CR20110087A (es) 2011-06-27
BRPI0916781A2 (pt) 2018-06-05
BRPI0916783A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
US20100015403A1 (en) 2010-01-21
EA201170194A1 (ru) 2011-08-30

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