US20060095317A1 - System and method for monitoring retail store performance - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring retail store performance Download PDFInfo
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- US20060095317A1 US20060095317A1 US10/980,574 US98057404A US2006095317A1 US 20060095317 A1 US20060095317 A1 US 20060095317A1 US 98057404 A US98057404 A US 98057404A US 2006095317 A1 US2006095317 A1 US 2006095317A1
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Definitions
- customer satisfaction is of paramount importance in establishing and maintaining customers. Customer satisfaction depends on a variety of factors such as a customer's perception of price, product availability, well-stocked shelves, ease of finding products within a retail store, cleanliness of the store, and friendliness of employees.
- customer service Of primary concern with regard to customer service is the amount of time a customer must wait when requiring assistance from a store employee. This includes, for example, time spent waiting for assistance at a customer service counter, at a merchandise counter and, of course, time spent waiting in check-out lanes. Generally speaking, the less time spent waiting for assistance, the more satisfied the customer.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a system for monitoring the performance of at least one task associated with operation of a retail store.
- the system comprises at least one monitoring device positioned and adapted to provide images of at least one location within the retail store, with each image showing at least one factor related to performance of the at least one task.
- the system further includes a controller and an interface.
- the controller is adapted to obtain and store images from the at least one monitoring device.
- the interface is configured to enable a user to selectively view stored images and to manually analyze the at least one factor shown in the viewed images to evaluate the performance of the at least one task.
- FIG. 1 is block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is an illustration of a graphical user interface for use with one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4B illustrates in greater detail a portion of the graphical user interface of illustrated in FIG. 4A .
- FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a process for monitoring the performance of a retail store according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating another embodiment of a process for determining staffing requirements of a retail store according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram generally illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system 10 according to the present invention for monitoring the performance of at least one task associated with operation of a retail store 12 .
- Performance monitoring system 10 includes a plurality of monitoring devices 14 , each positioned to view a corresponding location 16 within retail store 12 and adapted to provide images of the corresponding location 16 , each image showing at least one factor related to performance of at the at least one task.
- monitoring devices 14 comprise cameras.
- monitoring devices 14 comprise analog video cameras adapted to provide analog video of corresponding locations 16 .
- monitoring devices 14 comprise digital video cameras adapted to provide digital video of corresponding locations 16 .
- analog video cameras 14 a through 14 f respectively correspond to store locations indicated as checkout lanes 14 a , customer service desk 14 b , electronics counter 14 c , jewelry counter 14 d , stockroom 14 e , and receiving area 14 f .
- monitoring system 10 can include more or fewer cameras 14 at locations other than locations 16 indicated by FIG. 1 . Additionally, multiple cameras may be used to monitor a single store location, such as check lanes 16 a.
- Performance monitoring system 10 further includes a controller 18 and an interface 20 .
- Controller 18 is adapted to automatically obtain and store still images from each of the monitoring devices 14 at selectable intervals.
- controller 18 is adapted to obtain still images in a digital format, such as JPG format, for example, from analog video cameras 14 at selected intervals.
- the selectable intervals are regular intervals, such as every fifteen minutes, for example.
- Interface 20 is adapted to enable a user, such as a store manager, to selectively view the stored images and to manually analyze the at least one factor shown in the viewed images to evaluate the performance of the at least one task.
- factors include number of employees and an amount of unloading time required when evaluating the task of unloading an incoming shipment of products at receiving dock 16 f , and a number of customers awaiting service when evaluating the tasks of processing customers at check lanes 16 a or assisting customers at customer service area 16 b , electronics counter 16 c , and jewelry counter 16 d .
- Any number of other tasks associated with operation of retail store 12 can be similarly monitored by providing and positioning cameras 14 at other locations within retail store 12 as required.
- performance monitoring system 10 By providing monitoring of selected areas of a retail store, performance monitoring system 10 enables a user, such as a store manager, to evaluate performance of selected tasks associated with the operation of the retail store. Based on such evaluations, performance of certain tasks can be adjusted to improve the store's performance. For example, staffing requirements at certain store locations, particularly at check lanes, can be evaluated and adjusted in order to minimize customer wait times and thereby likely improve customer satisfaction. Furthermore, by storing the images, monitoring system 10 enables a user, such as a store manager, to evaluate the performance of tasks at any suitable time and does not require real-time monitoring.
- Components of the present invention can be implemented in hardware via a microprocessor, programmable logic, or state machine, in firmware, or in software with a given device.
- at least a portion of the software programming is web-based and written in HTML and JAVA programming languages, including links to user interfaces, such as a Windows based operating system, and each of the main components may communicate via a network using a communication protocol.
- a communication protocol such as a Windows based operating system
- the present invention may or may not use a TCP/IP protocol for data transport.
- Other programming languages and communication protocols suitable for use with the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the present application.
- Components of the present invention may also reside in software on one or more computer-readable mediums, which is defined herein to include any kind of memory, volatile or non-volatile, such as floppy disks, hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), CD-ROMs, flash memory, and random access memory (RAM).
- volatile or non-volatile such as floppy disks, hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), CD-ROMs, flash memory, and random access memory (RAM).
- FIG. 2 is a block and schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of performance monitoring system 10 for retail store 12 as illustrated generally by FIG. 1 .
- Performance monitoring system 10 includes a plurality of analog video cameras 14 , such as analog video cameras 14 a through 14 e .
- Each camera 14 is coupled to a digital video recorder (DVR) 30 via a corresponding link 32 .
- DVR 30 includes an analog-to-digital converter (A/D) 34 which converts the analog video signal of each camera (or channel) 14 to a corresponding digital video having a digital video format, such as AVI, for example.
- A/D analog-to-digital converter
- DVR 30 is configured to store a predetermined amount of the digital video for each camera 14 .
- DVR 30 stores a day's worth of digital video for each camera 14 , with the stored digital video being replaced with the digital video for each subsequent day.
- a server 40 is coupled to DVR 30 via a link 42 .
- controller 18 comprises a monitoring system application (MSA) comprising an electronically readable code which is installed and operating on server 40 .
- MSA 18 in addition to MSA 18 , store server 40 includes various other applications 44 related to operation of retail store 12 .
- MSA 18 is adapted to automatically retrieve digital still images for each camera 14 at regular intervals from DVR 30 via link 42 .
- MSA 18 is adapted to retrieve the digital still images for each camera by selecting a single frame from a selectable time period of the digital video of each camera stored in DVR 30 and by converting the selected digital video frame from a digital video from, such as AVI, to a digital still picture format, such as JPG.
- MSA 18 stores the retrieved digital still images for each camera in a memory 46 according to a directory and file naming convention. In an alternate embodiment, MSA 18 stores the retrieved digital still images in a database 48 . Although illustrated as being within server 40 , in other embodiments, database 48 could be located external to server 40 .
- interface 20 comprises a graphical user interface (GUI) adapted to display the digital still photos stored in database 46 and which is viewable via a personal computer (PC) 50 coupled to server 40 via a link 52 .
- GUI graphical user interface
- PC 50 personal computer
- GUI 20 may be viewed via other electronic viewing devices, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) or Blackberry device, for example.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- Blackberry device for example.
- DVR 30 comprises a portion of a security system 60 which further includes a plurality of analog video cameras 62 providing surveillance video of retail store 12 for purposes of assets protection.
- Surveillance system 60 is controlled by a security system application (SSA) 64 comprising a computer readable code which is installed and operating on store server 40 .
- SSA security system application
- analog video cameras 16 are dedicated for use as surveillance cameras for assets protection and analog video cameras 14 are employed both as surveillance cameras by security system 60 and as monitoring cameras by performance monitoring system 10 .
- Security system 60 utilizes the entire video signal of analog video cameras 14 and 62 stored in DVR 30
- performance monitoring system 10 utilizes the digital images obtained by controller 18 and stored in database 46 .
- security system 60 represents an existing surveillance system within retail store 12 . If analog video cameras 62 of security system 60 are already positioned or can be repositioned to view all locations desired to be monitored by performance monitoring system 10 (e.g., locations 16 as illustrated by FIG. 1 ), analog video cameras 14 are not required and MSA 18 of performance monitoring system 10 can obtain images as necessary from existing analog video cameras 62 . However, if analog video cameras 62 of security system 60 are not, or cannot, be positioned to view all desired store locations 16 , analog video cameras 14 are added to security system 60 and positioned to view the otherwise non-observed areas. In such a scenario, while the primary function of analog video cameras 14 is to provide images for performance monitoring system 10 , analog video signals provided by analog video cameras 14 via links 32 can also be utilized for assets protection purposes by security system 60 .
- recording device 30 comprises some type of analog recording device, such as one or more video tape recording devices adapted to record the analog video signals received via links 32 from each camera, or channel.
- performance monitoring system 10 further includes a “frame grabber” (FG) 70 adapted to capture at regular intervals a single frame of the analog video signal provided by each camera 14 prior to the analog video signal being recorded by the analog recording device, and to convert the single frame to a digital still image which is subsequently stored in memory 46 .
- FG frame grabber
- cameras 14 comprise digital still cameras configured to provide digital still images of store locations 16 at intervals as directed by MSA 18 .
- digital still images from cameras 14 can be stored directly to database 46 as directed by MSA 18 .
- recording device 30 is not required in this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system 110 according to the present invention configured as a network system distributed across a plurality of retail stores 112 and a headquarters facility 113 of a retail corporation.
- each retail store 112 a through 112 n respectively includes a monitoring system 110 a to 110 n .
- monitoring systems 110 are similar to monitoring system 10 of retail store 12 described above by FIG. 2 , with each monitoring system 110 including a plurality of digital video cameras and a digital recording device (indicated generally at 114 ), and an MSA 118 and database 146 installed and operating on a server 140 .
- Each monitoring system 110 further includes a GUI 120 viewable via an electronic viewing device, such as PC 150 .
- Headquarters facility 113 includes a server 140 x and at least one electronic viewing device, such as PC 150 x , for viewing GUI 120 x.
- Monitoring systems 110 a to 110 n of are respectively coupled to a network communications link 180 via communications links 176 a to 176 n and headquarters facility 110 is coupled to network communications link 180 via communications link 176 x .
- Network communication link 180 includes an Internet communications link, an intranet communication link, or similar high-speed communication link.
- network communication link 18 includes an Internet communications link 182 . Internet communications link permits communication between performance monitoring systems 110 of stores 112 and between performance monitoring systems 110 of stores 110 and headquarters facility 113 .
- network communications link 180 includes an Intranet communications link 184 linking retail stores 112 and headquarters facility 113 by means of Internet communications link 182 .
- Intranet communications link 184 provides a controlled-access communications link between stores 112 and headquarters facility 113 which is accessible via a password or other user-recognition mechanism.
- MSA 118 of monitoring system 110 of each retail store 112 is configured to obtain and store digital images of desired locations within retail store 112 (e.g. locations 16 as illustrated by FIG. 1 ) in memory 146 of server 140 of corresponding retail store 112 .
- monitoring systems 110 store digital images obtained from corresponding camera and recording devices 114 in a central data base, such as database 192 within server 140 x of headquarters facility 113 or database 194 coupled to network communications link 180 via a communications link 196 .
- the digital images obtained by MSAs 118 are viewable by users via GUIs 120 which access the digital images stored in data bases 146 of servers 140 via a website 190 located on server 140 x of headquarters facility 113 and network communications link 180 .
- website 190 could be located on any server coupled to network communications link 180 .
- intranet communications link 184 comprises a controlled-access communications link between stores 112 and headquarters facility 113 .
- a user such as a manager of retail store 112 a , enters the URL (Uniform Resource Location), or address, of website 190 into a Web browser located on PC 150 a which subsequently locates website 190 via intranet connection 186 .
- the user enters a username and password.
- the user can access and view selected stored digital images via GUI 120 a which is displayed by PC 150 a .
- website 190 can be accessed via other types of electronic viewing devices, such as a PDA, for example, and from any location that provides a communication link to intranet 184 .
- access to viewing stored images is limited based on a user's logon ID. For instance, in one embodiment, based on the user's unique logon ID, a user associated with a given retail store 112 can access only stored images corresponding to the given retail store 112 . For example, a manager of retail store 112 a can access only images of locations within retail store 112 a which are stored within memory 146 a , and cannot access images of other retail stores, such as retail store 112 b . In other embodiments, other users, such as certain employees associated with headquarters facility 113 , can access images of all retail stores 112 a to 112 n respectively stored in memories 146 a to 146 n .
- access to viewing stored images is limited based a location from which access is initiated.
- each PC, or workstation, 150 has unique hardware identifier which corresponds, at least in part, to the retail store 112 in which PC 150 is located.
- a user accessing stored images via PC 150 a is limited to viewing only those images stored in memory 146 a corresponding to retail store 112 a.
- FIG. 4A is an illustrative example of GUI 120 for accessing and viewing digital images provided by performance monitoring systems 110 via website 190 as described above by FIG. 3 .
- GUI 120 includes an options menu 200 , an image selection menu 202 , and an image display area 204 .
- Options menu 200 includes a pull-down menu 206 that enables a user to select a retail store 112 from which the user would like to view digital images provided by the stores performance monitoring system 110 .
- pull-down menu 206 comprises a list of unique identification numbers corresponding to each retail store 112 (for example, “RS123” as illustrated in FIG. 4 ) from which the user can select, such as by selecting the identification number corresponding to the desired retail store with a mouse.
- options menu 200 includes a pull-down menu 208 that enables a user to select a desired date from which the user would like to view images for the desired retail store 112 as selected via pull-down menu 206 .
- pull-down menu 206 comprises the unique identification numbers of only those retail stores 112 to which the user is allowed access as based on the user's password.
- options menu 200 will include only pull-down menu 208 enabling the user to select a desired date from which to view images of only the retail store 112 with which the user is associated.
- pull-down menu 206 only the unique identification number of the store with which the user is associated will be displayed.
- Image selection menu comprises a column 210 of descriptions of monitored locations within the selected retail store (e.g. locations 16 of retail store 12 as illustrated by FIG. 1 ). Each description of column 210 is followed by a row 212 of icons 214 representative of stored images corresponding to the described location within the selected retail store. In one embodiment, each row comprises 24 icons with each icon representative of images acquired during one hour of the day selected via pull-down menu 208 . In one embodiment, as indicated at 216 , the columns of icons are labeled as columns “01” through “23” with the icons in the column labeled “00” representative of digital images acquired between 12:00 am and 1:00 am, the icons in the column labeled “01” representative of digital images acquired between 1:00 am and 2:00 am, and so on.
- each icon 214 is partitioned into four areas 214 a through 214 d , with each area being representative of one of the four photos acquired during the corresponding hour.
- icon 214 is representative of images of a first group of check lanes (“check lanes 1”) acquired during time period “23”, wherein time period “23” corresponds to the time period between 11:00 pm to 12:00 am.
- areas 214 a , 214 b , 214 c and 214 d respectively represent images of the first group of check lanes acquired at 11:00 pm, 11:15 pm, 11:30 pm and 11:45 pm.
- a user chooses an image to be viewed by selecting one of the icons 214 .
- a user selects a desired icon, or desired area of an icon, by mouse-clicking the desired icon 214 .
- the image is displayed within image viewing area 204 .
- image viewing area 204 includes a title field 218 displaying the description of the store location from column 210 corresponding to the selected image (i.e. the camera from which the selected image originated) and an indication of a time frame 220 corresponding to the selected image.
- FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a process 250 according to the present invention for monitoring performance of at least one task associated with operation of a retail store.
- Process 250 begins at step 252 where cameras are provided at desired locations within the retail store where certain tasks which are desired to be monitored are performed, such as positions 16 illustrated by FIG. 1 .
- the cameras may be analog video cameras providing analog video signals which are converted into digital video format.
- the cameras may be digital video cameras providing a digital video signal.
- the cameras may be digital still cameras providing digital still photos.
- the cameras may comprise a portion of an existing security surveillance system.
- images are obtained at selectable intervals from the cameras positioned at step 252 .
- the images are obtained at regular intervals, such as, for example, 15-minute intervals.
- the cameras are analog video cameras
- digital still photos are extracted from the digital video signals obtained from the cameras' analog video signals, wherein the extracted images comprise digital still photos of the corresponding areas monitored by the cameras.
- the images obtained at step 254 are stored in a memory. In one embodiment, the obtained images are stored in a database.
- a user such as a store manager, views selected images obtained and stored via steps 254 and 256 .
- the user manually analyzes at least one factor shown in the viewed images that is related to the performance of a given task in order to evaluate how well the given task was performed. For example, a user may select images of a given location provided by one or more cameras over a certain time period to evaluate the performance of a task that is carried out a that location. For example, a user may select one or more cameras positioned at receiving dock 16 f to monitor how long it takes to unload an incoming shipment of products.
- factors related to the unloading of the incoming shipment may include the number of employees engaged in unloading the truck, the size of packages being unloaded, and the time required to unload the truck. From the images, the store manager can evaluate generally the number of employees engaged in unloading the truck and from the time interval of the images selected, estimate how long it took to unload the truck.
- the user may determine that performance of the task needs to be improved. For example, if the truck took too long to unload, more employees may be assigned to this task for future shipments. Also, if from the images it appeared that there were too many employees assigned to unload the truck, fewer employees may be assigned to unload future shipments.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a process 270 according to the present invention for determining staffing requirements at one or more check lanes of a retail store.
- Process 270 begins at step 272 where still images of the one or more check lanes are provided.
- the still images are digital images.
- the still images are stored in a storage device.
- a user such as a store manager selects for viewing one or more images of the one or more check lanes corresponding to a desired time interval.
- the digital still images are viewed via an electronic viewing device, such as via the display of a personal computer or a personal digital assistant (PDA).
- PDA personal digital assistant
- the user manually analyzes the one or more selected images to assess generally the customer conditions at the one or more check lanes. If the images permit, a store manager may thoroughly assess customer conditions by manually counting a number of customers awaiting service at the one or more check lanes. The user may also determine a number of cashiers on duty and estimate a length of time customers wait before being served.
- the store manager may adjust the number of cashiers on duty at that time of the day based on the conditions shown in the images viewed during step 276 .
- a store manager may view images obtained from camera 14 a during a selected time interval, such as between 4 pm and 5 pm on a given date, to evaluate the performance of check lanes 16 a .
- controller 18 obtains images from camera 14 a at fifteen minute intervals, the store manager can view the five images (i.e., 4:00, 4:15, 4:30, 4:45, and 5:00) to determine the number of check lanes open (i.e., staffed with a cashier) and the number of customers at each open check lane in order to determine whether more or few check lanes should be open during that time of the day. Also, a store manager may view images of a same time period each day over an extended time period (e.g., a week, a month, etc.) to determine trends in customer patterns in order to predict how many cashiers should be available and how many check lanes should be open at a given time.
- an extended time period e.g., a week, a month, etc.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to retrofitting a retail store's existing security system to provide a performance monitoring system according to the present invention, wherein the existing security system includes a plurality of video cameras each providing a video signal of a corresponding location within the retail store.
- the retrofitting process includes evaluating the positions of the existing video cameras and to select those existing video cameras that provide images of store locations desired to be monitored. If all desired store locations are not adequately monitored, the process includes adding one or more video cameras to the existing security system in order to adequately monitor such store locations.
- the process further includes providing a controller adapted to capture digital images from the video signals of selected existing video cameras and newly added video cameras.
- the process further includes providing a storage device in which to store the captured digital images and providing an interface adapted to enable a user to selectively view the stored digital images in order to evaluate performance of one or more operations taking place at the one or more locations viewed in the digital images.
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Abstract
Description
- As the retail industry continues to become more competitive, customer satisfaction is of paramount importance in establishing and maintaining customers. Customer satisfaction depends on a variety of factors such as a customer's perception of price, product availability, well-stocked shelves, ease of finding products within a retail store, cleanliness of the store, and friendliness of employees.
- However, perhaps the most important factor regarding customer satisfaction is customer service. Of primary concern with regard to customer service is the amount of time a customer must wait when requiring assistance from a store employee. This includes, for example, time spent waiting for assistance at a customer service counter, at a merchandise counter and, of course, time spent waiting in check-out lanes. Generally speaking, the less time spent waiting for assistance, the more satisfied the customer.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a system for monitoring the performance of at least one task associated with operation of a retail store. The system comprises at least one monitoring device positioned and adapted to provide images of at least one location within the retail store, with each image showing at least one factor related to performance of the at least one task. The system further includes a controller and an interface. The controller is adapted to obtain and store images from the at least one monitoring device. The interface is configured to enable a user to selectively view stored images and to manually analyze the at least one factor shown in the viewed images to evaluate the performance of the at least one task.
- Embodiments of the invention will be described with respect to the figures, in which like reference numerals denote like elements, and in which:
-
FIG. 1 is block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention. -
FIG. 4A is an illustration of a graphical user interface for use with one embodiment of a performance monitoring system according to the present invention. -
FIG. 4B illustrates in greater detail a portion of the graphical user interface of illustrated inFIG. 4A . -
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a process for monitoring the performance of a retail store according to the present invention. -
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating another embodiment of a process for determining staffing requirements of a retail store according to the present invention. -
FIG. 1 is a block diagram generally illustrating one embodiment of aperformance monitoring system 10 according to the present invention for monitoring the performance of at least one task associated with operation of aretail store 12.Performance monitoring system 10 includes a plurality of monitoring devices 14, each positioned to view acorresponding location 16 withinretail store 12 and adapted to provide images of thecorresponding location 16, each image showing at least one factor related to performance of at the at least one task. In one embodiment, monitoring devices 14 comprise cameras. In one embodiment, monitoring devices 14 comprise analog video cameras adapted to provide analog video ofcorresponding locations 16. In one embodiment, monitoring devices 14 comprise digital video cameras adapted to provide digital video ofcorresponding locations 16. As illustrated,analog video cameras 14 a through 14 f respectively correspond to store locations indicated ascheckout lanes 14 a,customer service desk 14 b,electronics counter 14 c,jewelry counter 14 d,stockroom 14 e, and receivingarea 14 f. Although illustrated as havinganalog video cameras 14 a through 14 f,monitoring system 10 can include more or fewer cameras 14 at locations other thanlocations 16 indicated byFIG. 1 . Additionally, multiple cameras may be used to monitor a single store location, such ascheck lanes 16 a. -
Performance monitoring system 10 further includes acontroller 18 and aninterface 20.Controller 18 is adapted to automatically obtain and store still images from each of the monitoring devices 14 at selectable intervals. In one embodiment,controller 18 is adapted to obtain still images in a digital format, such as JPG format, for example, from analog video cameras 14 at selected intervals. In one embodiment, the selectable intervals are regular intervals, such as every fifteen minutes, for example. -
Interface 20 is adapted to enable a user, such as a store manager, to selectively view the stored images and to manually analyze the at least one factor shown in the viewed images to evaluate the performance of the at least one task. Examples of such factors include number of employees and an amount of unloading time required when evaluating the task of unloading an incoming shipment of products at receivingdock 16 f, and a number of customers awaiting service when evaluating the tasks of processing customers atcheck lanes 16 a or assisting customers atcustomer service area 16 b,electronics counter 16 c, andjewelry counter 16 d. Any number of other tasks associated with operation ofretail store 12 can be similarly monitored by providing and positioning cameras 14 at other locations withinretail store 12 as required. - By providing monitoring of selected areas of a retail store,
performance monitoring system 10 enables a user, such as a store manager, to evaluate performance of selected tasks associated with the operation of the retail store. Based on such evaluations, performance of certain tasks can be adjusted to improve the store's performance. For example, staffing requirements at certain store locations, particularly at check lanes, can be evaluated and adjusted in order to minimize customer wait times and thereby likely improve customer satisfaction. Furthermore, by storing the images,monitoring system 10 enables a user, such as a store manager, to evaluate the performance of tasks at any suitable time and does not require real-time monitoring. - Components of the present invention can be implemented in hardware via a microprocessor, programmable logic, or state machine, in firmware, or in software with a given device. In one aspect, at least a portion of the software programming is web-based and written in HTML and JAVA programming languages, including links to user interfaces, such as a Windows based operating system, and each of the main components may communicate via a network using a communication protocol. For example, the present invention may or may not use a TCP/IP protocol for data transport. Other programming languages and communication protocols suitable for use with the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the present application. Components of the present invention may also reside in software on one or more computer-readable mediums, which is defined herein to include any kind of memory, volatile or non-volatile, such as floppy disks, hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), CD-ROMs, flash memory, and random access memory (RAM).
-
FIG. 2 is a block and schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment ofperformance monitoring system 10 forretail store 12 as illustrated generally byFIG. 1 .Performance monitoring system 10 includes a plurality of analog video cameras 14, such asanalog video cameras 14 a through 14 e. Each camera 14 is coupled to a digital video recorder (DVR) 30 via a corresponding link 32. Each camera 14 is configured as a unique channel and provides an analog video signal of its associatedstore location 16 via corresponding link 32 toDVR 30.DVR 30 includes an analog-to-digital converter (A/D) 34 which converts the analog video signal of each camera (or channel) 14 to a corresponding digital video having a digital video format, such as AVI, for example. DVR 30 is configured to store a predetermined amount of the digital video for each camera 14. In one embodiment, for example, DVR 30 stores a day's worth of digital video for each camera 14, with the stored digital video being replaced with the digital video for each subsequent day. - A
server 40 is coupled to DVR 30 via alink 42. In one embodiment,controller 18 comprises a monitoring system application (MSA) comprising an electronically readable code which is installed and operating onserver 40. In one embodiment, in addition to MSA 18,store server 40 includes variousother applications 44 related to operation ofretail store 12. MSA 18 is adapted to automatically retrieve digital still images for each camera 14 at regular intervals from DVR 30 vialink 42. In one embodiment, MSA 18 is adapted to retrieve the digital still images for each camera by selecting a single frame from a selectable time period of the digital video of each camera stored inDVR 30 and by converting the selected digital video frame from a digital video from, such as AVI, to a digital still picture format, such as JPG. In one embodiment, MSA 18 stores the retrieved digital still images for each camera in amemory 46 according to a directory and file naming convention. In an alternate embodiment, MSA 18 stores the retrieved digital still images in adatabase 48. Although illustrated as being withinserver 40, in other embodiments,database 48 could be located external toserver 40. - In one embodiment,
interface 20 comprises a graphical user interface (GUI) adapted to display the digital still photos stored indatabase 46 and which is viewable via a personal computer (PC) 50 coupled toserver 40 via alink 52. Although illustrated as being viewed viaPC 50, in other embodiments,GUI 20 may be viewed via other electronic viewing devices, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA) or Blackberry device, for example. - In one embodiment,
DVR 30 comprises a portion of asecurity system 60 which further includes a plurality of analog video cameras 62 providing surveillance video ofretail store 12 for purposes of assets protection.Surveillance system 60 is controlled by a security system application (SSA) 64 comprising a computer readable code which is installed and operating onstore server 40. In one embodiment,analog video cameras 16 are dedicated for use as surveillance cameras for assets protection and analog video cameras 14 are employed both as surveillance cameras bysecurity system 60 and as monitoring cameras byperformance monitoring system 10.Security system 60 utilizes the entire video signal of analog video cameras 14 and 62 stored inDVR 30, whileperformance monitoring system 10 utilizes the digital images obtained bycontroller 18 and stored indatabase 46. - In one embodiment,
security system 60 represents an existing surveillance system withinretail store 12. If analog video cameras 62 ofsecurity system 60 are already positioned or can be repositioned to view all locations desired to be monitored by performance monitoring system 10 (e.g.,locations 16 as illustrated byFIG. 1 ), analog video cameras 14 are not required andMSA 18 ofperformance monitoring system 10 can obtain images as necessary from existing analog video cameras 62. However, if analog video cameras 62 ofsecurity system 60 are not, or cannot, be positioned to view all desiredstore locations 16, analog video cameras 14 are added tosecurity system 60 and positioned to view the otherwise non-observed areas. In such a scenario, while the primary function of analog video cameras 14 is to provide images forperformance monitoring system 10, analog video signals provided by analog video cameras 14 via links 32 can also be utilized for assets protection purposes bysecurity system 60. - In one embodiment, in lieu of a digital recording device,
recording device 30 comprises some type of analog recording device, such as one or more video tape recording devices adapted to record the analog video signals received via links 32 from each camera, or channel. In such an embodiment,performance monitoring system 10 further includes a “frame grabber” (FG) 70 adapted to capture at regular intervals a single frame of the analog video signal provided by each camera 14 prior to the analog video signal being recorded by the analog recording device, and to convert the single frame to a digital still image which is subsequently stored inmemory 46. - In one embodiment, cameras 14 comprise digital still cameras configured to provide digital still images of
store locations 16 at intervals as directed byMSA 18. In this embodiment, digital still images from cameras 14 can be stored directly todatabase 46 as directed byMSA 18. As such,recording device 30 is not required in this embodiment. -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a performance monitoring system 110 according to the present invention configured as a network system distributed across a plurality of retail stores 112 and aheadquarters facility 113 of a retail corporation. In one embodiment, as illustrated, eachretail store 112 a through 112 n respectively includes amonitoring system 110 a to 110 n. In one embodiment, monitoring systems 110 are similar tomonitoring system 10 ofretail store 12 described above byFIG. 2 , with each monitoring system 110 including a plurality of digital video cameras and a digital recording device (indicated generally at 114), and an MSA 118 and database 146 installed and operating on a server 140. Each monitoring system 110 further includes aGUI 120 viewable via an electronic viewing device, such as PC 150.Headquarters facility 113 includes aserver 140 x and at least one electronic viewing device, such asPC 150 x, for viewingGUI 120 x. - Monitoring
systems 110 a to 110 n of are respectively coupled to a network communications link 180 viacommunications links 176 a to 176 n and headquarters facility 110 is coupled to network communications link 180 via communications link 176 x.Network communication link 180, as employed herein, includes an Internet communications link, an intranet communication link, or similar high-speed communication link. In one embodiment,network communication link 18 includes an Internet communications link 182. Internet communications link permits communication between performance monitoring systems 110 of stores 112 and between performance monitoring systems 110 of stores 110 andheadquarters facility 113. - In one embodiment, network communications link 180 includes an Intranet communications link 184 linking retail stores 112 and
headquarters facility 113 by means of Internet communications link 182. Intranet communications link 184 provides a controlled-access communications link between stores 112 andheadquarters facility 113 which is accessible via a password or other user-recognition mechanism. - MSA 118 of monitoring system 110 of each retail store 112 is configured to obtain and store digital images of desired locations within retail store 112 (
e.g. locations 16 as illustrated byFIG. 1 ) in memory 146 of server 140 of corresponding retail store 112. In other embodiments, in lieu of monitoring systems 110 storing digital images in a memory 146 local to each retail store 112, monitoring systems 110 store digital images obtained from corresponding camera and recording devices 114 in a central data base, such asdatabase 192 withinserver 140 x ofheadquarters facility 113 ordatabase 194 coupled to network communications link 180 via acommunications link 196. - In one embodiment, the digital images obtained by MSAs 118 are viewable by users via
GUIs 120 which access the digital images stored in data bases 146 of servers 140 via awebsite 190 located onserver 140 x ofheadquarters facility 113 and network communications link 180. Although illustrated as being located onserver 140 x, in other embodiments,website 190 could be located on any server coupled to network communications link 180. - In one embodiment, as described briefly above, intranet communications link 184 comprises a controlled-access communications link between stores 112 and
headquarters facility 113. In one embodiment, to access the digital photos stored in memories 146, a user, such as a manager ofretail store 112 a, enters the URL (Uniform Resource Location), or address, ofwebsite 190 into a Web browser located onPC 150 a which subsequently locateswebsite 190 via intranet connection 186. To accesswebsite 190, the user enters a username and password. Upon entering a valid username and password, the user can access and view selected stored digital images viaGUI 120 a which is displayed byPC 150 a. Although described as being accessed via PC 150,website 190 can be accessed via other types of electronic viewing devices, such as a PDA, for example, and from any location that provides a communication link tointranet 184. - In one embodiment, access to viewing stored images is limited based on a user's logon ID. For instance, in one embodiment, based on the user's unique logon ID, a user associated with a given retail store 112 can access only stored images corresponding to the given retail store 112. For example, a manager of
retail store 112 a can access only images of locations withinretail store 112 a which are stored withinmemory 146 a, and cannot access images of other retail stores, such asretail store 112 b. In other embodiments, other users, such as certain employees associated withheadquarters facility 113, can access images of allretail stores 112 a to 112 n respectively stored inmemories 146 a to 146 n. In one embodiment, access to viewing stored images is limited based a location from which access is initiated. For example, in one embodiment, each PC, or workstation, 150 has unique hardware identifier which corresponds, at least in part, to the retail store 112 in which PC 150 is located. As such, a user accessing stored images viaPC 150 a, for example, is limited to viewing only those images stored inmemory 146 a corresponding toretail store 112 a. -
FIG. 4A is an illustrative example ofGUI 120 for accessing and viewing digital images provided by performance monitoring systems 110 viawebsite 190 as described above byFIG. 3 .GUI 120 includes anoptions menu 200, animage selection menu 202, and animage display area 204.Options menu 200 includes a pull-down menu 206 that enables a user to select a retail store 112 from which the user would like to view digital images provided by the stores performance monitoring system 110. In one embodiment, pull-down menu 206 comprises a list of unique identification numbers corresponding to each retail store 112 (for example, “RS123” as illustrated inFIG. 4 ) from which the user can select, such as by selecting the identification number corresponding to the desired retail store with a mouse. Similarly,options menu 200 includes a pull-down menu 208 that enables a user to select a desired date from which the user would like to view images for the desired retail store 112 as selected via pull-down menu 206. - As described above, in one embodiment, access of images is limited based on a user's unique logon ID or location. As such, in one embodiment, pull-
down menu 206 comprises the unique identification numbers of only those retail stores 112 to which the user is allowed access as based on the user's password. Thus, for a user having access to only one retail store 112,options menu 200 will include only pull-down menu 208 enabling the user to select a desired date from which to view images of only the retail store 112 with which the user is associated. In lieu of pull-down menu 206, only the unique identification number of the store with which the user is associated will be displayed. - Image selection menu comprises a
column 210 of descriptions of monitored locations within the selected retail store (e.g. locations 16 ofretail store 12 as illustrated byFIG. 1 ). Each description ofcolumn 210 is followed by arow 212 oficons 214 representative of stored images corresponding to the described location within the selected retail store. In one embodiment, each row comprises 24 icons with each icon representative of images acquired during one hour of the day selected via pull-down menu 208. In one embodiment, as indicated at 216, the columns of icons are labeled as columns “01” through “23” with the icons in the column labeled “00” representative of digital images acquired between 12:00 am and 1:00 am, the icons in the column labeled “01” representative of digital images acquired between 1:00 am and 2:00 am, and so on. - In one embodiment, wherein images of desired locations within a retail store are obtained on 15-minute intervals, each
icon 214 is partitioned into fourareas 214 a through 214 d, with each area being representative of one of the four photos acquired during the corresponding hour. For example, as illustrated by the enlarged view ofFIG. 4B ,icon 214 is representative of images of a first group of check lanes (“check lanes 1”) acquired during time period “23”, wherein time period “23” corresponds to the time period between 11:00 pm to 12:00 am. As such,areas - After selecting a desired store and a desired date via pull-down
menus icons 214. In one embodiment, a user selects a desired icon, or desired area of an icon, by mouse-clicking the desiredicon 214. Upon selecting a desired image, the image is displayed withinimage viewing area 204. In one embodiment,image viewing area 204 includes atitle field 218 displaying the description of the store location fromcolumn 210 corresponding to the selected image (i.e. the camera from which the selected image originated) and an indication of a time frame 220 corresponding to the selected image. -
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of aprocess 250 according to the present invention for monitoring performance of at least one task associated with operation of a retail store.Process 250 begins atstep 252 where cameras are provided at desired locations within the retail store where certain tasks which are desired to be monitored are performed, such aspositions 16 illustrated byFIG. 1 . In one embodiment, as described above, the cameras may be analog video cameras providing analog video signals which are converted into digital video format. In one embodiment, the cameras may be digital video cameras providing a digital video signal. In one embodiment, the cameras may be digital still cameras providing digital still photos. In one embodiment, the cameras may comprise a portion of an existing security surveillance system. - At
step 254, images are obtained at selectable intervals from the cameras positioned atstep 252. In one embodiment, the images are obtained at regular intervals, such as, for example, 15-minute intervals. In one embodiment, wherein the cameras are analog video cameras, digital still photos are extracted from the digital video signals obtained from the cameras' analog video signals, wherein the extracted images comprise digital still photos of the corresponding areas monitored by the cameras. Atstep 254, the images obtained atstep 254 are stored in a memory. In one embodiment, the obtained images are stored in a database. - At
step 258, a user, such as a store manager, views selected images obtained and stored viasteps step 260, the user manually analyzes at least one factor shown in the viewed images that is related to the performance of a given task in order to evaluate how well the given task was performed. For example, a user may select images of a given location provided by one or more cameras over a certain time period to evaluate the performance of a task that is carried out a that location. For example, a user may select one or more cameras positioned at receivingdock 16 f to monitor how long it takes to unload an incoming shipment of products. In this instance, factors related to the unloading of the incoming shipment may include the number of employees engaged in unloading the truck, the size of packages being unloaded, and the time required to unload the truck. From the images, the store manager can evaluate generally the number of employees engaged in unloading the truck and from the time interval of the images selected, estimate how long it took to unload the truck. - At
step 262, based on the evaluation of the images atstep 260, the user may determine that performance of the task needs to be improved. For example, if the truck took too long to unload, more employees may be assigned to this task for future shipments. Also, if from the images it appeared that there were too many employees assigned to unload the truck, fewer employees may be assigned to unload future shipments. -
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of aprocess 270 according to the present invention for determining staffing requirements at one or more check lanes of a retail store.Process 270 begins atstep 272 where still images of the one or more check lanes are provided. In one embodiment, the still images are digital images. Atstep 274, the still images are stored in a storage device. - At
step 276, a user, such as a store manager, selects for viewing one or more images of the one or more check lanes corresponding to a desired time interval. In one embodiment, the digital still images are viewed via an electronic viewing device, such as via the display of a personal computer or a personal digital assistant (PDA). Atstep 278, the user manually analyzes the one or more selected images to assess generally the customer conditions at the one or more check lanes. If the images permit, a store manager may thoroughly assess customer conditions by manually counting a number of customers awaiting service at the one or more check lanes. The user may also determine a number of cashiers on duty and estimate a length of time customers wait before being served. - At
step 278, the store manager may adjust the number of cashiers on duty at that time of the day based on the conditions shown in the images viewed duringstep 276. For example, with reference toFIG. 1 , a store manager may view images obtained fromcamera 14 a during a selected time interval, such as between 4 pm and 5 pm on a given date, to evaluate the performance ofcheck lanes 16 a. For instance, ifcontroller 18 obtains images fromcamera 14 a at fifteen minute intervals, the store manager can view the five images (i.e., 4:00, 4:15, 4:30, 4:45, and 5:00) to determine the number of check lanes open (i.e., staffed with a cashier) and the number of customers at each open check lane in order to determine whether more or few check lanes should be open during that time of the day. Also, a store manager may view images of a same time period each day over an extended time period (e.g., a week, a month, etc.) to determine trends in customer patterns in order to predict how many cashiers should be available and how many check lanes should be open at a given time. - One aspect of the present invention, as described briefly above with respect to
FIG. 2 , relates to retrofitting a retail store's existing security system to provide a performance monitoring system according to the present invention, wherein the existing security system includes a plurality of video cameras each providing a video signal of a corresponding location within the retail store. The retrofitting process includes evaluating the positions of the existing video cameras and to select those existing video cameras that provide images of store locations desired to be monitored. If all desired store locations are not adequately monitored, the process includes adding one or more video cameras to the existing security system in order to adequately monitor such store locations. - The process further includes providing a controller adapted to capture digital images from the video signals of selected existing video cameras and newly added video cameras. The process further includes providing a storage device in which to store the captured digital images and providing an interface adapted to enable a user to selectively view the stored digital images in order to evaluate performance of one or more operations taking place at the one or more locations viewed in the digital images.
- Although the invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments, such embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered to limit the invention. Various alternatives and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (28)
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