US2083818A - Cylinder paper machine and method of making paper - Google Patents

Description

E. E. BERRY June 15, 1937.

- CYLINDER PAPER MACHINE AND METHOD OF MAKING PAPER Filed May 3, 1935 ww f 1W 3.1 Ly mu \I 9 H. N kw Q a 55 press rolls which sufficiently dry the web s Patented June 15, 1937 CYLINDER PAP OF ER MACHINE AND METHOD MAKING PAPER Earl E. Berry, Beloit, Wis., assignor to Bcloit Iron Works, Beloit, Wi consin s., a corporation of Wis Application May 3, 1935, Serial No. 19,591

14 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for making paper without the aid of the heretofore required large number of extractor rolls, primary press rolls and the like. Ihe invention also includes a method of making paper without unduly compacting and distorting the fibers of the paper.

More specifically this invention relates to a compact cylinder type paper machine using either a very short top felt or no top felt at all and having a simple water extracting device, such as is described and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 19,590, filed of even date herewith, to replace the customary extractor rolls and primary press rolls.

In the customary paper machine, after the fibrous web is formed on the forming part'of the machine, it is conveyed between a plurality of". extractor rolls and the primary presses to gently: remove water therefrom so that it can be later 2 subjected to high pressure squeezing without severe damage. In this cylinder type of paper machine, the web is supported by the pickup felt and is covered by a top felt during the first pressing stages so that it will not be damaged by the 25 rolls. The newly formed wet web is very delicate and a number of screen faced extractor rolls and primary press rolls exerting pressure of gradually increasing magnitude are required to gradually form the web into a self sustaining sheet which 30 can be subjected to higher pressures for removal of additional water therefrom. The extractor rolls and primary press rolls are expensive to install and operate and require a lot of floor space. Since the newly formed web must be conveyed through the extractors and presses on a conveyor belt, generally a felt band, the web assumes any irregular surface characteristics of the conveyor and readily reabsorbs water from the conveyor.

I have now provided a cylinder type of paper machine and plant layout which does not require the use of the extractor rolls and primary press rolls heretofore considered necessary and does not require the use of a long top felt to cover the 45 newly formed web. The machine utilizes a suction roll for extracting water through the pick up felt and web thereon by means of suction and is provided with a press roll urged against the suction roll to extract further amounts of 50 water from the web, preferably while it is subjected to suction, so that the web may be immediately thereafter removed from the felt without reabsorbing water therefrom.

The plant layout utilizes a mezzanine floor for that it may be directly passed to the driers. The mezzanine floor arrangement and the absence of the extractor rolls and press rolls greatly reduce the over all length of the machine without reducing the capacity of the machine and the operation of the machine is thus more readily supervised.

In my copending application entiled Cylinder paper machine and process of making paper, Serial No. 26,181, filed June 12, 1935, I have described and claimed a cylinder type of paper making machine having the pick-up felt travelling over the cylinder molds to remove the fibrous mats therefrom and carry the mats through a water extracting device according to this invention to form a fibrous web therefrom. The direction of travel of the web is reversed after passage through the water extracting device and the web is carried by another felt or carrier with the pick-up felt side of the web exposed.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a compact paper machine of high production capacity.

A further object of this invention is to provide a paper machine plant layout utilizing a mezzanine floor to conserve main floor space.

Another object of this invention is to provide a cylinder paper machine that operates without the aid of the conventional press rolls that, are usually located between the cylinder vats and the driers, thereby making it possible to utilize the space formerly occupied by the presses by installing additional .driers to increase the capacity of the machine without increasing its length.

Another object of this invention is to provide a cylinder type paper machine which operates without the aid of primary presses and extractor rolls.

A further object of this i a cylinder paper machine w the use of long top felts.

Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the annexed sheet of drawings which discloses preferred embodiments of the machines of this invention.

On the drawing:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a machine of this invention equipped with a short top felt.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of a machine according to this invention which does not utilize a top felt at all.

As shown on the drawing:

In Figures 1- and 2, the reference numeral I 1 indicates the main level of the machine while nvention is provide hich does not require the reference numeral 2 indicates the mezzanine floor level. a

A plurality of stock vats III, II, l2, and I3 having cylinder molds l4, l5, l6,,and Il ro- 5 tatably mounted therein are supported on the main floor I, as shown, with each succeeding vat disposed somewhat lower than the adjoining. vat, as is customary in cylinder 'machines. While four vats and four cylinder molds have been illustrated, it is obvious that any number may be used. An endless pick up felt or wet felt I8 is directed along its lower run over the cylinder molds l4 to I! and is pressed against the periphery of the molds by means of coucher rolls I9, 20, 2! and 22 to pick up the fibrous web formed on the molds. After passing over the last cylinder mold II, the pick up felt I8 is trained over a roll 23 and around the suction area 24 of a suction roll 25 where water is sucked through the felt from the web and felt. 'A press roll 26 is disposed over the suction roll and urged against the roll at a point within the suction area 24 of the roll. The press roll 26 squeezes additional amounts of water from 25 the web and pick up felt and the water thus squeezed is removed by suction. After the web and pick up felt pass through the nip of the rolls 25 and 26, the pick up felt is directed back over the cylinder molds I4 to I1 by means of guide rolls 21. After passing over the last guide roll 21, the pick up felt i8 isdirected downwardly around a guide. roll 28 in front of i the first cylinder vat Ill. The felt is trained around a tensioning roller 23 and thendirected upwardly, in front of a. guide roll 30 and around a suction roll 3i. A plurality of whipping paddles 32 are vibrated against the felt between the roll 30 and the suction roll 3| to open up the fibers of the felt so that watercan be sucked from suction roll 3|.

In the modification of the machine shown in Figure l, a short top felt 40 is guided by a roller 4! through the nip of the suction roll 25 and press roll 26 to cover the web on the pick up felt H! as it passes through the nip. The pick up felt l8 and top felt 40 with the web therebetween are then directed between one or more pairs of press rolls. For purposes of iilustration, I have shown two pairs of press rolls 42 and 43, respectively, having top rolls 42a and 43a adapted to be raised from the lower rolls as shown at 42b and 43b in the event that it is not desired to exert additional pressure on 65 the web between the felts.

The top felt is trained around the roll 43a and overguide rolls 44, 45, 46, and 41 to a tensioning roll 48 from which it is directed in front of a roll 49 and "back over the roll 4|. 60 A whipper 50 is vibrated against the felt -40 between the rolls 48 and 49 to open up the fibers of the felt. In Figures 1 and 2, the mezzanine floor 2 supports a pair of suction presses 5| and 52 each 65 having a suction roll 53 and a top'press roll '54.

The first suction press 5| is equipped with'a directing felt 55 trained over guide rolls 56 supported on the mezzanine fioor and around a roller 51'mounted adjacent to the suction roll 25. The 70. conveyor felt 55 receives the'web W from the pick up felt I8 after it has passed through the nip of the rolls 43 and 43a or through the nip of the rolls 25 and 26 and conveys the web through the nip of the rolls 53 and to a 7 conveyor felt 60 trained around guide rolls 6| the felt as it passes over the suction area 33 of the supported by the mezzanine floor, The conveyor felt 60 directs the web W" through the nip of the .rolls 53 and 54 of the second suction press 52 and delivers the web to a roll 62 from which it is directed through vertical stacks of drier drums 63 and trained around said drums in a serpentine path. If desired a second set of drier drums may be provided to further dry the web. It is obvious also that the drier drums may be disposedhorizontally or that a combination of vertical and horizontal drums may be used but vertical driers alone are shown to conserve floor space.

From the above description it should be understood that the cost of top felt is greatly reduced and in some instances completely dispensed with in the paper machine of this invention. Since 'the pickup felt is not subjected to high pressures,

it can be made of a light weight material and because its fibers are opened up during the suction treatment it can be made of a finer weave to form a smoother surface for receiving the web.

Since the pick up felt and the top felt are naturally water absorbing and tend to hold the water absorbed from the web, it ls'very desirable that the web be removed from the felt as soon as possible to prevent it from reabscrbing water therefrom. The suction device of thisinvention sufficiently forms the web so that it may be removed from the felt almost immediately after the felt passes over the last cylinder vat. In the conventional type of cylinder paper machine, the pick up felt carries the web across the entire length of the machine and during this time the web naturally absorbs water from the felt. By now removing the web immediately after it is formed onthe felt, the absorbing of water from the felt is prevented. Thepressing operations are greatly reduced by the machine of this invention thereby reducing the tendency for the defects in the surface of the feltto disrupt the fiber formation in the surface of the web.

As a result a better finish on the surface of the web is produced by the machine of this invention.

In paper mills having the customary type of cylinder machine in existence, it is possible to readily change these machines into the form of the machine of this invention and save a large amount of space ordinarily occupied by the presses of the old machine. This press space can be utilized for additional drlers to increase the capacity of the machine without increasing the floor space of the machine.

In the installation of new machines of this invention in a paper mill, the building costs are greatly reduced because of the compactness of the machines.

The addition of one or more sets of presses after the suction roll 25 as shown in Figure 1 of the drawing and the arrangement of the presses so that they can be either used or not used gives the machine a. great flexibility in making various grades of paper in various weights. If very light weight papers are desired, the presses will not be used whereas if it is desired to compact the paper, varying pressures can be applied on the presses.

felt by means of extraction by suction instead of by pressure, the resulting web can be made with a lower weight per caliper. This low weight can be maintained even after the sheet is passed through calenders because, as pointed out above, the surface of the sheet as formed on the machines of this invention is very smooth, with the felt marks reduced to a minimum. By reducing the felt marks, the calendering operations necessary to 65 Since most of the water is removed from the I operating with the suction roll for squeezing water produce a desired degree of finish on the paper are also materially reduced. In this manner paper made on machines of this invention may be provided with a desired finish without greatly ,5 compacting the paper by heretofore necessary severe calendering operations. The caliper of the sheet per given weight is thus increased.

Having now described my invention, I am aware that many changes may be made and numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, and I, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

15 I claim as my invention:

' l. A cylinder paper machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a carrier for receiving the fibrous web directly from the forming part, a suction roll positioned after the last cylinder of the 20 forming part, a press roll cooperating therewith,

means for training the carrier with the web thereon over the suction area of the suction roll and through the nip of the suction roll and press roll and means adjacent said suction roll for perma- 25 nently removing the web from the carrier before the web reabsorbs moisture from the carrier.

2. A cylinder machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a carrier band for receiving the fibrous web directly from the forming part, a suc- 30 tion roll located immediately after thelast cylinder of the forming part, a press roll cooperating therewith, means for training the carrier band with the web thereon over the suction area of said suction roll and through the nip of said suction 35 and press rolls to remove water from the web and felt by suction and pressure, a second carrier band adjacent said suction and press rolls, and means for transferring the web from the first carrier band to the second carrier band before the web rego absorbs moisture from the first carrier band.

- 3. A cylinder paper machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a pick up felt for receiving the fibrous web from the forming part, a suction roll at the end of said forming part im- 5 mediately after the last cylinder thereof, a press roll cooperating with said suction roll, means for training said pick up felt with the web thereon over the suction area of said suction roll and through the nip of said suction and press rolls to 50 extract water from the web and felt by suction and pressure, 'a suction press above the fibrous web forming part and a carrier felt trained through said press for receiving the web from the pick up felt immediately after said felt and web pass through the nip of the suction roll and press roll.

4. A cylinder paper machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a looped pick up felt for receiving the web therefrom, a suction roll within 60 the loop of the felt at a point immediately after the last cylinder of the forming part .and having a relatively wide suction area covered by the felt and web, a press roll urged against the suction roll.

at a point within the suction area and means adjacent the suction roll for separating the web from the felt immediately after passage between said suction and press rolls.

5. A cylinder paper machine comprising a plurality of cylinder molds, a pick up felt for receiv- 7() ing the webs from said molds, a suction roll located immediately after the last cylinder mold, means for directing the felt with the'web thereon over the suction area of the roll, a top felt, means for directing the top felt over the web on 75 the pick up felt to cover the web, a press roll cofrom the web between the felts, a pair of press rolls adjacent to the suction roll for receiving the web and felts from the suction roll to remove additional water therefrom and means immediately after said last press rolls for separating the web from the felts.

6. A paper machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a pick up felt .for receiving the fibrous web from the forming part, a suction roll positioned immediately after the forming part, a

press roll cooperating therewith, means for training the pick up felt and web thereon over the suction area of the suction roll and through the nip of the suction roll and press roll, additional press rolls adjacent said suction roll and means for removing the web from the pick up felt immediately after the web passes through said last press rolls before the web reabsorbs moisture from the felt.

7. The process of making paper which comprises forming a fibrous web on a cylinder mold, picking up said web on a carrier felt on the under side thereof, directing said felt and web around the suction area of a suction roll immediately after the felt passes over the cylinder mold, applying suction through the felt to remove water from the felt and web, simultaneously applying pressure to the web to squeeze out further quantities of water therefrom and separating the web from the felt before the web reabsorbs moisture from the felt.

8. The process of removing water from a fibrous web built up on the under side of a pick up felt which comprises applying suction through the felt immediately after the felt receives the complete web to suck out water from the web and felt, pressing the web and felt to squeeze out further quantities of water therefrom and immediately thereafter separating the web from the felt before the web reabsorbs moisture from the felt.

9. The process of removing water from a fibrous web built up on the under side of a pick up felt which comprises applying suction through the felt to suck out water from the web and felt, covering the web with a top felt, pressing the felts together with the web therebetween to squeeze additional amounts of water from the web and immediately thereafter separating the web from the felts.

10. The process of removing water from a fibrous web built up on the under side of a pick up felt which comprises applying suction through the felt to suck out water from the. web and felt, covering the web with a top felt, pressing the felt together with the web therebetween while applying suction tosqueeze and suck out additional amounts of water from the web, further pressing the felts together outside of the suction area, immediately thereafter separating the web from the felt, conveying the web through a suction press and drying the web.

11. A cylinder paper machine comprising a plurality of cylinder molds, a pick-up felt for receiving the webs from said molds, a suction drum located after the last cylinder mold, means for directing the pick-up felt with the web thereon over the suction area of the suction drum, a top felt, means for directing the top felt over the web on the pick-up felt to cover the web, a top press roll urged against the suction drum, one or more pairs of press rolls adjacent to the suction drum,

means for directing the web and felts through the nip of said top press and suction roll and said press rolls and means for immediately separating the felts from the web to prevent the web from reabsorbing water from the felts.

12. Theprocess of making paper which com- 5 prises contacting a'pick-up felt with the fibrous mat forming cylinders of a cylinder type paper making machine to receive the fibrous mat on the underside thereof, sucking water from the mat through the felt immediately after the felt passes 1 over the last cylinder, covering the mat with a top felt, pressing the felts together to remove further quantities of water from the mat and form a fibrous web therefrom, immediately thereafter removing the web from the felts before the web 15 reabsorbs moisture from the felts and conveying the web through additional water removing devices.

13. A paper machine comprising a fibrous web forming part, a looped pick-up felt for receiving 20 a web from the formingpart, a suction roll located immediately after the end of the forming part of the machine, a press roll cooperating with the suction roll, means for guiding the felt with the web thereon over-the suction area of the suction roll and through the nip of the rolls to extract water from the web and felt, means adjacent the suction roll for removing the web from the felt immediately after passage between the suction and press rolls, a second carrier felt for receiving the removed web, and means for extracting further amounts of water from the web while supported on said second carrier felt.

14. The process of removing water from fibrous webs which comprises picking up the fibrous web from the forming part of a paper machine on the underside of a pick-up felt, applying suction to the felt immediately after the felt receives the web thereon to suck out water from the web and felt, and immediately thereafter separating the web from the felt before the web reabsorbs moisture from the felt and conveylng the web on a second carrier through addi tional water extracting means. 4

- EARL E. BERRY.

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