US2055977A - Concrete form - Google Patents

Description

H. HAYES CONCRETE FORM Sept. 29, 1936.

Filed July 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 1715 41 25 ATTORNEY Sept. 29, 1936. H. HAYES I 2,055,977

CONCRETE FORM Filed July 9', 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNE Y Sept. 29, 1936. H. HAYES 2,055,977

CONCRETE FORM Filed July 9, 1954 4 Sheets-Sheet s v r V I INVENTOR Sept. 29, 1936. V H HAYES 2,055,977

CONCRETE FdRM Filed July 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 W/\-) l Y m \Mgajl Z7 42 7 79 77 4.5 INVENTOR 43 17141; AMI 5 Patented Sept. 29, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2.055.911 concaa'm roam mu nae-,1... Angeles, Calif.- Application July 9. 1934, Serial No. 134,305

7 Claims. (01. 25-131) This invention relates to building construction, and particularly pertains to'forms for concrete building structures.

In constructing a building of concrete or other cementitious material, the commercial success of the enterprise is directly concerned with the construction and arrangement of the concrete forms, the ease and accuracy with which they may be set in place and removed, and the degree of good workmanship which is obtained by their use. It is the principal object of the present invention, therefore, to provide a form structure with which the walls of concrete buildings and the like may be made, said form elements being. readily assembled and easily adjusted to maintain proper level and position, thus insuring straight walls and the elimination of unsightly joints, and which form elements may be easily manipulated to be removed from their operative positions after a concrete wall has been made.

The present invention contemplates the provision of form elements having plane casting faces, being provided with means whereby they may be readily set into position, adjusted and held in a manner to insure a substantial support and casting form for concrete and the like.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in vertical section and perspective showing an outside corner of a building wall to which the forms of the present invention are applied.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in vertical section and elevation showing the relation of the inside and outside forms to a wall being cast, and to collapsible core forms utilized to provide a hollowor cellular wall, said view being taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a view. in transverse horizontal section through a section of wall formed with the present devices, and particularly showing the collapsible core form in place.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a cast cellular concrete wall with the collapsible core forms in contracted positions ready to be removed.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in elevation showing a section of wall form, and particularly disclosing the leveling means and the edge lock means.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view and plan looking down upon the top of the wall as seen on the line 6--6 of Fig. 2, and particularly disclosing the manner in which the side forms are tem: porarily held together and the collapsible core forms are covered and tied together.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section as seen on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6, and as 6 particularly disclosing the tie between contiguous collapsible core forms.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view in transverse section as seen on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5, and as showing the manner in which 10 abutting edgesof wall forms are drawn together and temporarily locked.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, It indicates a wall of' a building structure formed of cementitious material with the aid i of form elements with which the present invention is concerned. This wall is constructed in conjunction with a concrete footing H, usually set in the ground to form a foundation, and which has a projecting portion l2 of a width agreeing with that of the wall to be formed. When the footing is cast or poured, tie bolts l3 are placed horizontally through it at suitable intervals adjacent the top thereof. The top face is formed with a channelrecess ll centrally thereto to provide parallel upstanding edges l5 at the opposite sides of the channel. when the footing has been castand has been properly set, angle base rails II are disposed along the opposite side faces of the projecting portion l2 of the footing and are secured in position by the bolts ll. Vertically slotted openings iii are forms through the vertical legs of the angle 'sections to accommodate the bolts. Yoke memhers I! encompass each of the. bolts and receive the .end 20 of an adjusted shackle 2| through which the bolt extends. Nuts 22 are carried by the extending ends 20 of the adjusted shackles 2| and make it possible to readily adjust the horizontal legs of the angle members i1. so that they will be level and plumb.

1 After adjustment the nuts 23 of the bolts I! may be set tight to hold the base rails in position. These rails are designed to support the wall forms. As here shown, outside wall forms 24 4 are provided, and inside wall forms.25. These vary in details, but, in general eifect, are the same. Each of the wall forms is rectangular in shape, having a relatively thin sheet metal face plane 28' bounded at its edges by bracing angle elements 21 and reinforced in its intermediate area by vertical andhorizontal brace bars 28. When desired vertical trusses 29 are used to give rigidity to the structure vertically, and horizon- 5s tongue 32 which extend longitudinally of and are formed as a part of the upper face of each of the base rails I I. These tongues 32 will prevent lateral displacement of the form elements and will also insure that the inside and outside. form elements 24 and 25 will be accurately spaced by mechanical means.

The upper edges of the vertical /bars not the outside form elements are received in an angle- 33 of a compound channel element 34. The upper edges of the vertical bars 28 of the inside form units are tied together by an angle member :5. Transverse tie clamps 36 are provided to hold the upper edges of the outer and inner form elements in position. Thesetie clamps are formed at one end with a hook portion 31 which hooks over the edge of the channel 34 and then at the opposite end with an angle lock 38 which receives a clamp screw'39. The end of this screw extends beneath the A flange of the angle 35.

The clamp members 36 carry spacing members 38' on their under faces, the outer edges of said channels fitting between the inner plane faces of the members 26, while the inner faces of the spacing members 39 register with the opposite outer faces of collapsible core units 60 which will be hereinafter described.

The contiguous abutting edges of the form units of either such as designated at 24 or 25 are provided with angles 21, as shown in Fig. 5. One leg of each angle'is fastened to the form plane 26 and the opposite legs of adjacent angles are designed to accurately abut against each other. A groove 4| is formed in one of said abutting faces and a tongue 42 is formed in the other of said abutting faces. Registering openings 43 occur through the abutting angle legs and receive a pin 44 having an enlarged head 45 and a relatively long shank which extends through and beyond the legs of the angles. A transverse slot 46 is formed through the pin 44 and has an inclined face 41 at its outer end. A wedge pin 48 is designed to be driven through the slot, it having one flat face conforming to that of the face of the angle member and a tapered face conforming to the tapered face 41 at the end of the slot 46. By this means the pin 44 may be drawn and driven tightly 'into place by the wedge 48 and will hold the abutting edges of the plates 26 so that there will not be any open joint between them at 49. t,

In the corner of a building it is desirable to provide a corner element comprising an angle post 50 havinga plate 5| at its lower end formed with channels to rest over the tongue 32 of the base rails IT. The upper ends of the members 50 are designed to be temporarily secured to a channel 34. Inclined stay braces 52 are pivotally secured to the base rails l1 upon brackets 53 by pivot members 54 and extend upwardly and inwardly toward the corner post 50. A turn buckle structure 55 is secured to the free ends of each of the members 52 and engage brackets 58 carried by the posts 50. By this means the posts 50 may be universally adjusted so that they are absolutely vertical and plumb.

In the event that a building with a solid wall is to be constructed, the forms may be set up and used as previously described. If, however, a hollow or cellular wall is required, collapsible core units are provided. These units are particularly disclosed in Figures 2, 3, and 4 of the drawings. Other details are shown in Figures 6 and 7. Each unit comprises a pair of channel-like members 6| and 62 which extend vertically for any desired length and are constructed so that the free edges of the legs of the channels shall overlap each other approximately along a transverse vertical median line of the form.

The walls of the form elements 6| and 62 are formed of sheet metal which possesses sufficient inherent rigidity to present a rigid supporting structure when desired, but which may be flexed under action of lever mechanism to be hereinafter described. The core units 60 are substantially rectangular in horizontal cross section as formed by the two channel elements GI and 62, the legs of which form the longitudinal side walls of the core and the webs of which form the end walls of the core. Mounted upon said end walls and on the inner face thereof are pivot angles 83 carrying pivot pins 64. These pins receive the outer ends of a bifurcated lever 65, a central arm 66 of which extends toward the transverse median line of the core and pivotally engage an actuating bar 61. Sets of these arms are provided at various levels within the core and are pivotally connected with the bar 61 through ears 68 and pivot pins 69. The bar 61 is preferably channelshaped to give it stiffness. The free ends of the channel legs of elements Gland 62 which form the sides of the core are provided with sets of links 10 and II respectively. The links 10 connect to the relatively short legs of the channel element 62 and are secured to the operating bar 61 in a position to stand at a greater angle to the horizontal under normal conditions than the links 1|. The links H are secured to the relatively long legs of the channel element 6| and stand substantially horizontal normally. Due to this arrangement, upward movement of the operating bar 61 will cause a more rapid swinging movement of the links I0, so that the relatively short legs of the channel element 62 will be drawn inwardly in advance of the overlapping relatively long legs of the channel element 6|. This insures that the form along its sides may be readily drawn away from the wall which it has molded. Attention is directed to the fact that, while the horizontal section of the core units 80 is substantially rectangular, there are, nevertheless, inclined portions 12 which extend from the corner and for a distance along the sides of the form. These insure that, when the form is collapsed, the movement of the form elements will not be accompanied by a drag or shifting of the corner during the collapsing action in a manner to cause them to be forced against the side wall of the cast material and to be thus wedged thereagainst so tightly that the core would not be drawn away.

The core in its expanded and normal position is designed to fit at its lower end within the channel recess l4 of the portion l2 of the footing II. This will center the cores readily with relation to the footing and will insure that walls of equal 'thickness will occur at opposite sides of the core.

The upper ends of the cores, as has been previously explained, are spaced by the channel elements 39. It is also desirable to space the various core units along the length of the wall to be formed. This is done in the manner particularly shown in Figures 6 and 7 of the drawings, where each core unit 60 is fitted with a cover plate I3 having a marginal flange 14 which fits inwardly I 2,055,977 around the edge of the core in its extended posi-' tion. Pins 15 project upwardly from one end of eachcover plate, and openings are formed through the horizontal wall of the opposite ends of each cover plate. .The openings I6 receive cover pin elements I1 carried by a spacing plate 18, here shown as formed in the shape of the letter H.

The opposite end of each of the plates 18 is formed to be assumed, for example, that the corner shown is an outside corner, and not a corner within a room. The footing H is first formed to provide the necessary foundation and is cast with the channel recess M in its upper horizontal face. The base rails I! are then fastened in position and are properly levelled by manipulation of the truss member 52. The channels 34 are then mounted on the posts 50. The outside form structure 24 may then be mounted upon a corresponding base rail II, as has been previously described. The core units 60 may be placed in position at a time found most convenient, after which thetie bars 36 are disposed over the upper edges of the forms 25 to engage-channel 34 and angle 35 in the mariner shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The vertical edges of the form sections may then be drawn tightly together by the fastening pins 44 and the wedge plates 48, as particularly shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. After the covers 13 have been placed over the cores and disposed in spacing relation to each other by the spacing plates 18-, the wall may then be poured. When this has been done and the wall has properly set, the cores may be removed. This is done by drawing upwardly on the operating bars 61, which will simultaneously pull inwardly on the lever structures 65,-the links Ill, and 'II,. This action will simultaneously contract the core by drawing all of its walls inwardly at the same time, andthus pulling the form face of all of the core walls laterally and away from the molded face of the plastic wall which has been formed. The cores may then be elevated and removed from the wall, after which the wall form elements 24 and 25 may be taken down.

It will thus be seen that the structure here described, while decidedly simple, provides means for quickly setting up forms for casting a wall insuring that the walls will be plumb and all of uniform thickness, and furthermore, making it possible to readily dismantle the form structure and remove the elements from the cast wall without disturbing the wall which has been molded.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as now known to me, it will be understood that various changesmay be made in the combination, construction, and arrangement of parts by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I 3 claim and desire to secure by U. 8. Letters Patent is I 1. form structure for making concrete walls which comprises a foundation footing having a longitudinal channel in its upper horizontal face.

base rails disposed atopposite sides of said foot-.

ing, means'for fastening said base rails to the footing, means for adjusting the base rails with relation to said fastening means. a pair of wall forms, one disposed upon each of said base rails, means for interlocking said forms with the base rails to hold the forms in uniform spaced relation to each other, and tie bars spanning the space between the upper edges of the wall forms for securing said forms in uniform spaced relation to each other and agreeing with the space between the lower-edges of the wall forms.

v 2. A form structure for making concrete walls. which comprises a foundation footing having a longitudinal channel in its upper horizontal face, base rails disposed'at opposite sides of said footing, means for fastening said base rails to the footing, means for adjusting the base rails with relation to said fastening means, a pair of wall forms, one disposed upon each of said base rails, means for interlocking said forms with the base rails to hold the forms in uniform spaced relation to each other, and tie bars spanning the space between the upper edges of the wall forms for securing said forms inuniform spaced relation to each other and agreeing with the space between the lower edges of the wall forms, collapsible core units adapted to fit with the lower ends ,in the channel on the foundation footing, and means associated with the tie bars for centering the upper end of the cores with the wall forms.

3. A form structure for making concrete walls which comprises a foundation footing having a longitudinal channel in its upper horizontal face, base rails disposed at opposite sides of said footing, means for fastening said base rails to the footing, means for adjusting the base rails with relation to said fastening means, a pair of wall forms, one disposed upon each of said base rails, means for interlocking said forms with the base rails to hold the forms in uniform spaced relation to each other, and tie bars spanning the space between the upper edges of the wall forms for securing said forms in uniform spaced relation to each other and agreeing with the space between the lower edges of the wall forms, collapsible core units adapted to fit with the lower ends in the channel on the foundation footing, and means associated with the tie bars for centering the upper end of the cores with the wall forms, and means adaptably securing the cores with relation to each other to space the cores uniformly with relation to each other.

4. In a form structure for use in erecting concrete walls, a foundation footing projecting above the surface of the ground and having parallel 'vertical wall faces, fastening'means carried by the footing and fixed with relation thereto, and a pair of form receiving base rails held by the fastening means in abutting relation to the side walls of the footing and extending longitudinally thereof whereby a level support will be provided for wall forms, and means acting in conjunction carried by the wall footing and fixed with relation thereto; a base rail extending horizontally along the vertical face of the footing and secured in position by the fastening means, a wall form element supported upon the horizontal face of the base rail and interlocking therewith, and means cooperating between said base rail and fastening means for adiustably leveling the base rail and holding the same in a level position in cooperation with the fastening means.

6. In a form structure for making concrete walls which comprises a foundation footing projecting upwardly from the surface of the ground and having opposite parallel vertical faces and a substantially horizontal top face, a pair of base rails of angled section extending horizontally along the vertical faces, one leg of the section! abutting against the contiguous vertical face of the other leg of the section extending horizontally for receiving wall form panels and means fastening said base rails to the'foundation footing and adjusting said rails whereby the rails will be level in a desired horizontal plane.

7. In a form structure for making concrete walls which comprises a foundation footing projecting upwardly from the surface of the ground and having opposite parallel vertical faces and a substantially horizontal top face, a pair of base rails of angled section extending horizontally along the vertical faces, one leg of the section abutting against the contiguous vertical face of the other leg of the section extending horizontally for receiving wall form panels and means fastening said base rails to the foundation footing and adjusting said rails whereby the rails will be level in a desired horizontal plane, form panels resting upon the horizontal legs of said rails and interlocking therewith against lateral upper edges.

HAL HAYES.

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