US2045831A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Description

June 30, 193( v CARBONARA 2,045,831

DYNAMO-ELEGTRIC MACHINE Filed April 14, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jig. l

' INVENTOR Vwiar Carbonara.

June 30, 1 936. v E, CARBQN AR A 2,045,83 1

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed April 14, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (9/ INVENTOR Vida)" ['arbonara.

June 30, 1936. v. E. CARBONARA 2,045,831

DYNAMO-ELEGTRIC MACHINE Filed April 14, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 R5051 VER 75A Msw/ rrEl? INVENTOR.

Vzciof E. Carbonara.

ATTORNEX Patented June 30, 1936 UNITED I STATES DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHINE Victor E. Carbonara, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Chas. Cory Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 14, 1931, Serial No. 530,099

14 Claims.

This invention relates to dynamo electric machines, and particularly to motors and generators of the type adapted to be electrically interconnected for synchronous operation.

5 The invention is applicable to a signalling or indicating system, and when so applied provides means for remote transmission and reception of signals; but the invention is equally adaptable to any mechanical, electrical, or electro-mel chanical system of remote control, either with or without signalling features.

An object of the invention is to provide novel electro -magnetically energized means for the foregoing purposes.

15- Another object of the invention is to provide a single dynamo electric unit with two or more rotatable armatures, one of which can be made to function as a generator capable of actuating a system of self-synchronous motors associated i0 therewith, and another, to function as a selfsynchronous motor in response to the movements of a generator electrically connected thereto.

A further object is to provide an electro-magnetically energized device of the foregoing char- 2 acter involving the use of a plurality of separately influenced armature windings supported on separate armatures relatively rotatable about a common axis.

Another object is to provide such a plurality of relatively rotatable armatures adapted to be rotated by the electrical reactions produced through energization of a single relatively stationary electro-magnetic field.

A further object of the invention is to provide a dynamo electric machine of novel construction comprising the provision of two or more coaxially disposed, separately influenced armatures of substantially the same length but of different diameters, permitting the envelopment of one by another.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide a single electro-magnetic driving unit of the foregoing character adapted to function as two or more relatively movable generators, or

Another object of the invention is to provide two or more inter-related units, each having two or more armature windings, or rotors, coaxially rotatable in a common alternating magnetic field, the rotors of each unit to be elec- 5 trically connected to alternate rotors of the related unit or units, thereby providing two or more rotatable members reciprocally responsive to rotation.

- Another object of the invention is to provide a single electro-magnetic device of the foregoing character capable of controlling the motion of a remotely disposed, but related, device, and at the same time responding to a movement imparted to the same or another remotely disposed, but related, device.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel means for reproducing at a single station the movements of devices located at a plurality of remote points, through the instrumentality of unitary electromagnetically energized'means located at said station.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a unitary structure, a light and compact arrangement of a plurality of self-synchronous devices, for the foregoing purposes.

These and other objects and advantages to be derived from the use of the invention herein disclosed will become apparent from an inspection of the following description when read with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment of the invention. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as a definition of the limits of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section of a device embodying the invention; 40

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of said device,,taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of the invention applied to an electrical signalling or control system of the synchronized type; and

Fig. 4 is another schematic illustration embodying two units of the type disclosed in Fig. 1 and electrically connected together for transmitting and receiving with the same units at two stations remote from each other.

Referring to the drawings, the invention is shown embodied in a housing preferably constituted 'by a cylindrical member 4 closed at the ends by members 5' and 6, each of which is provided with an annular rim, as indicated at I and 8, for reception of the casing member 4, the assembly being supported on a suitable base 9. As shown, the end plate 6 is provided with an aperture permitting the passage therethrough of a rotatable shaft I, to the outer end of which is keyed or otherwise suitably secured, as indicated at l2, a, suitable control member l3, for a purpose to be described. When the invention is applied to a signalling or indicating system, the opposite end plate 5 is preferably provided with an annular ledge 5 adapted to hold in place a transparent window ll of glass or other suitable material through which index elements wane I!) may be viewed, the former being rotatable with the shaft H, and the'latter being secured as indicated at 28 to a shaft 2| adapted to beactuated by the novel electrical means next to be described.

The novel means for producing relative rotation of the shafts H and 2| preferably comprises field windings 3| interposed between the rotors 25 and 26 and held in a relatively stationary position by suitable supp rting means, which, in the embodiment illustrated, take the form of pole pieces 35 and 36 suitably mounted in a cylindrical supporting member 38, the latter having a circular, inwardly extending flange 39 adapted to be secured to a transversely disposed supporting plate 49 by suitable means as indicated at M;

the plate 49 being in turn supported by the base plate 42, and having a centrally disposedrecessed portion for the reception of a suitable member 43 adapted to rotatably support the shaft 2|.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that upon excitation of either the winding 21 or 28 by suitable means, such as, for example, those to be described hereinafter with particular reference to Fig. 3, and assuming proper excitation of the windings 3| of the stator, the resultant electrical reaction will create a magnetic torque and cause rotation of the rotor 26 or the rotor 25, as the case may be, and a corresponding movement of the shaft II or 2|, these shafts being connected for movement with the corresponding rotors by the means now to be described.

The novel means for drivably connecting the shaft II with the rotor 26 preferably comprises the provision of a substantially cylindrical member 49 adapted to surround and enclose the stationary cylindrical bearing member 38,, the former being provided with a recessed portion 50 adapted to envelop one end of the member 38 in such a manner as to be rotatable relatively thereto. The member 49 may be drivably connected to the shaft H by suitable means, or, as illustrated, may be integral therewith. On the opposite end of the member 49 is provided a suitable inwardly extending flange 52 adapted to be mounted a ball bearing member 51 retained in place by a suitable retaining ring 58, the member 51 being adapted to rotatably support the reduced end portion 59 of the shaft of armature 25, the opposite end of the armature shaft being enlarged as indicated at 68, for a purpose to be described, and having a threaded extension 6| between the portion 69 and the reduced end portion 2|, with which end portion the pointer I9 is rigidly associated, as above explained.

Suitable means are employed for producing electrical energization of the windings of both rotors 25 and 26. As illustrated, such means preferably comprises the provision of brush members 13, said brushes being adapted to maintain, during rotation, electrical engagement with corresponding collector rings 14, and 76 connected respectively to the windings of the rotor 26. The means for similarly exciting the windings 21 of the inner rotor preferably comprises the provision of collector rings 80 on shaft 68, to which rings current may be fed by means of brushes 8| connected by suitable leads to the current carrying conductors referred to hereinafterin the description of Fig. 3.

Having thus enumerated the parts entering into the novel construction herein disclosed, the operation thereof will now be explained with reference to their application to a remote control system comprising a plurality of remotely disposed sending stations each adapted to transmit signals to a receiving station. For the sake of illustration only the invention is shown in Fig. 3 as applied to a system of this general character. As

illustrated therein, such a system may include the v provision at each sending station of a dynamo electric machine of the synchronized alternator type, having an armature consisting preferably of three coils or windings 84, and 86, and one or more field coils 81.

The field coils, (if more than one) of each unit may be connected in series, and each fieldis connected by means of conductors 88 and 89 to line conductors 98 and 9| of the system, so that the field windings of all transmitters as well as the winding 3| of stator 39 (previously described) are in parallel relation. The armature winding of one transmitter is shown connected in suitable fashion to a similarly wound armature corresponding to rotor 25 of Fig. 1, while the armature winding of the other transmitter is shown connected similarly to the similarly wound rotor 26, representing the rotor 26 of Fig. 1.

With the foregoing construction in mind, it is apparent thatassuming the system to be energized in any suitable way, as for instance by a (SO-cycle alternating current through the feeds 99 and 9|a rotary movement imparted in any suitable way to one of the armatures 83 will produce an electro-magnetic reaction in the windings thereof, and a corresponding induced voltage in the rotor 25 or 26, as the case may be,

creating therein (in response to the alternations of field 3|) a magnetic torque producing rotation thereof to a corresponding angular extent. At the same time, a movement of different degree imparted to the other sending unit 83, will produce by similar action, a different degree of rotation of the alternate rotor; the relative inotions being readable on scale. Thus it will be possible to display two, or any desired greater number of indications (by multiplication of the parts) on a single surface, in response to the actuation of a corresponding number of separate sending instrumentalities. The torque developed by the armatures when out of synchro- The torque developed when in svnchro- 75 nism is therefore zero. By providing shaft II with a handle I4, it will be possible to send return signals to the station at which the corresponding armature 83 is located. Hence if the invention is embodied, as shown in Fig. 4, in two devices of the character shown in Fig. 1, which devices are electrically connected with their stator fields 3| and 3| in parallel with an alternating or pulsating current, and the set of three brushes 73 of one motor connected to the set of three brushes 8| of the other motor, the angular movements of rotor at the transmitting end will cause a corresponding equal angular movement or rotor 26' at the receiving end. Conversely, if rotor 25' of the transmitter at the other end is caused to rotate, rotor 26 at the first transmitting end will respond similarly. If the rotor 25 is rotated at a constant speed B, the associated rotor 26 at the receiving end will rotate at the same speed, but will lag rotor 25 by such an angle that the torque developed will be sufiicient to overcome any frictional and wind losses. As soon as rotor 25 is decelerated and brought to rest,.the connected rotor 26' will decelerate at the same rate, and come to rest in synchronism therewith. The converse will also be true, of course. I

The invention accordingly provides an effective, yet simple, way of remotely controlling any movable device, the latter being arranged so that when the desired function is being performed, the rotor-25' at the second station is made to rotate and cause rotor 26 of the first station to rotate through an equivalent angle, thereby restoring synchronism among the movable members, and furnishing the transmitting stat-ion with proof that the desired operation at the receiving end has been performed. While the invention is of decided practical merit when applied to an electrically synchronized system of the type just described, it is to be understood that this system is merely illustrative of any suitable driving or controlling mechanism which may be used in place of the controlling mechanism shown in Fig. 3. Thus, for example, although it is usually desirable, for various reasons, to provide electrical, or at least electrically controlled, mechanism of which the present instrumentalities are representative in a broad sense, it is contemplated that in certain instances mechanical or pneumatic driving means will be substituted therefor. Moreover, the control may be eifected through suitable relays or other electrical substitutes for the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 3.

Likewise the construction of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 may be varied within the limits of the broad inventive concept herein disclosed without departing from the scope of the invention as it is intended to be defined in the appended claims. Thus, for example,- indications may be given by means of electrical index elements or pointers movable in paths other than the circular paths indicated, it being understood that in such cases suitable connections for operating such index elements will be substituted for the direct connections indicated in Fig. 1. Moreover, the rotor 25,. instead of being disposed within the stator 30, may surround the latter in a position adjacent the rotor 26 and laterally spaced therefrom. Again, both rotors may be arranged in tandem relation within the stator. It is to be further'understood that the number of rotors may be increased as above stated.

It is also to be understood that various other changes may be made in the construction, ar-

rangement and inter-relation of the parts constituting the invention, without departing from the spirit thereof; and although only one embodiment of the invention has been illustrated, the same is not limited to the form shown. Reference will therefore be had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of the invention.

What is claimed is:-

1. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of interconnected signaling devices, each comprising at least three alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and two of which are mounted for relative angular movement with respect to the third about a common axis, each winding of each device being connected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for rotating one of said windings, means for supplying the same alternating current to one corresponding winding of each device whereby upon angular movement of either of the first two mentioned windings of any one of the signaling devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move the same angular distance, and means for indi cating the degree of angular movement of the rotatable windings.

2. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of interconnected signaling devices, each comprising three or more alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and two of which are mounted for relative angular movement with respect to the third about a common axis, at least one of said windings being single phase and each of the others being three phase, each winding of each device being con nected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for rotating one of said windings, means for supplying the same alternating current to said single phase windings whereby upon angular movement of the said one of the windings of any one of the signaling devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move the same angular distance, and

means for indicating the degree of angular movement of the rotatable windings.

3. In an electrical system for transmitting angular movement, the combination of a plurality of interconnected electrical devices, each comprising at least three alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and mounted for relative angular movement about a connnon axis, each winding of each device being connected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for supplying alternating current to one corresponding winding of each device whereby upon angular movement of one of the windings of any one of the electrical devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move in the same angular distance, and means for rotating one of the windings of each device.

4. In an electrical system for transmitting angular movement, the combination of a plurality of. interconnected electrical devices, each comprising three or more alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and mounted for relative angular movement about a common axis, at least one of said windings being single phase and each of the others being three phase, each winding of each device being connected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for supplying alternating current to said single phase Winding whereby upon angular movement of one of the device being connected to a corresponding wind-.

ing of another of said devices, means for supplying alternating current to one corresponding winding of each device whereby upon angular movement of'one of the windings of any one of the, signaling devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move in the same' angular distance, means for rotating one of the windings of each device, and means for indicating the relative angular positions of the windings of each device.

6. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of interconnected signaling devices, each comprising at least three alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and concentrically mounted for relative angular movement, each winding of each device being connected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for supplying alternating current to one corresponding winding of each device whereby upon angular movement of one of the windings of any one of the signaling devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move the same angular distance, means for rotating one of the windings of each device, and means for indicating the relative angular positions of the windings of each device.

"7. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of interconnected signaling devices, each comprising three or more alternating current windings in inductive relation with each other and mounted for relative angular movement about a common axis, at least one of said windings being single phase and each of the others being three phase, each winding of each device being connected to a corresponding winding of another of said devices, means for supplying alternating current to said single phase winding whereby upon angular movement of one of the windings of any one of the signaling devices the corresponding winding of another of said devices is caused to move the same angular distance, means for rotating one of the windings of each device, and means for indicating the relative angular positions of the windings of each device.

8. In a signaling system, the combination of a plurality of electric transmitters, each comprising an alternating current rotor winding and a stator winding, a receiving device having a single alternating current stator winding and a pinrality of relatively and separately rotatable alternating current rotor windings mounted for angular movement about a common axis, a stator winding of the receiving device and the stator windings of the transmitters being connected in parallel with each other, and each of the rotor windings of the receiving device being connected to a rotor winding of a corresponding transmitter, means for supplying alternating current to all of the stator windings, and means for separately actuating the rotor windings of the transmitters whereby a corresponding rotor winding of the receiving device assumed the same angular position as the rotor winding of its associated transmitter.

9. In a signaling system, the combination ofa plurality of electric transmitters, each comprising an alternating current rotor winding and a stator winding, a receiving device having a sin gle alternating current stator winding and a plurality of relatively and separately rotatable alternating current rotor windings mounted for angular movement about a common axis, a stator winding of the receiving device. and the stator windings of the transmitters being connected in parallel with each other, and each of the rotor windings of the receiving device being connected to a rotor winding of a corresponding transmitter, means for supplying alternating current to all of the stator windings, means for separately actuating the rotor windings of the transmitters whereby a corresponding rotor winding of the receiving device assumes the same angular position as the rotor winding of its associated transmitter, indicating means at each of the transmitters for indicating the angular positions of the rotor of each transmitter, and corresponding indicating means associated with the a receiver for indicating the angular positions of the rotors of said receiver.

10. A system for the transmission and reception of angular motion between two remote points, comprising a plurality of inductive devices including a combined motion transmitting and receiving device at each station, each of said combined transmitting and receiving devices being arranged to reproduce at one station any movement applied to the device at the other station, said combined transmitting and receiving device at each station comprising two polyphase armature windingsand a field winding supplied with alternating current, circuit means connecting the armature windings and field winding of the device at one station to the armature windings and field winding, respectively, of the device at the other station, and means for supplying alternating current to said field windings for establishing a predetermined flux relation between the armature windings and field winding of each device whereby relative movement between an armature winding anda field winding at one station produces a corresponding relative movement between an armature winding and a field winding at the other station, and a relative movement between the other armature winding and the field winding at the other station causes relative movement between the other armature winding and the field winding at the first station.

11. A combined electrical transmitting and receiving device, comprising three elements two of which are mounted for relative rotation with respect to the third about a common axis and each having an alternating current winding thereon, said windings being in inductive relation with each other and each being adapted for connection to a corresponding winding of a similar transmitting and receiving device, one of the windings being energized by an alternating currentwhereby a predetermined flux relation is produced among all the windings so that when either one of said rotatable elements is rotated a current is caused F to flow in its winding and is transmitted to a corresponding winding of a similar device or when current is received from a corresponding winding of a similar device said first winding is caused to rotate, and means for rotating one of the rotatable elements and its associated winding.

12. A combined electrical transmitting and receiving device, comprising three elements two of which are mounted for relative rotation with respect to the third about a common axis and each having an alternating'current winding thereon,

said windings being in inductive relation witheach other and each being adapted for connection to a corresponding winding of a similar transmitting ,and receiving" device, one of the windings being energized by an alternating current whereby a predetermined flux relation is produced among allthe windings so that when either one of said rotatable elements is rotated a current is caused to flow in its winding and is transmitted to a corresponding winding of a similar device or when current is'received from a corresponding winding of a similar device said first winding is caused to rotate, means for rotatv ing one of the rotatable elements and its associated winding, and means for indicating the rel-v ative angular positions of said elements.

13. In a signalling system, the combination of a combined transmitting and receiving unit at one station and a similar unit at a second station remote from said first station, each of said transmitting and receiving units comprising a dynamo electric machine having a plurality of alternating current armatures and an alternating current field winding, said armatures being individually ergizing the field windings of said units by the Y same alternating current so that a fixed phase relation is established among the fluxes of the armatures and field winding of each unit and upon disturbance of said flux relation among the armatures and field winding of one unit a disturbance is produced in the flux relation among the corresponding armatures and field winding of the other unit thereby causing corresponding relative rotation among the armatures and field winding of the latter unit.

14. A signal transmitting and receiving system constituted by a plurality of units each of which is remote from the other and comprises a stationary element and a plurality of relatively rotatable elements mounted for relative rotation about a common axis of each unit, each of said elements having an alternating current winding thereon and one of said windings being single-,- phase and the others being three-phase, means for supplying the same alternating current to the single-phase winding of each unit whereby a predetermined flux relation is established among the elements oireach unit, and a plurality of indicating means for each of said units connected to said relatively rotatable elements for actuation thereby upon relative movement among said elements, each of the windings of one unit being connected to'a corresponding winding of a remote unit whereby upon relative movement of one of the elements of one unit the flux relation is disturbed among said elements and a current is caused to flow in said moved element and in a corresponding one of the elements of a remote unit and causes a disturbance of the flux relation among the remote elements thereby producing relative movement between a corresponding one of the remote elements and the other remote elements.

VICTOR E. CARBONARA.

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