US1965456A - Thermohydrometer - Google Patents

Description

July 3, 1934.

| EDELMANN 1,965,456

THERMOHYDROMETER Filed Dec. 51, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I N VEN TOR.

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35 table or scale being'so displayed that it will not Patented July 3, 1934 PATENT OFFICE THERMOHYDROMETER Leo Edelmann,

Chicago, Ill., assignor to E.

Edelmann & 00., Chicago, 111., a, corporation of Illinois Application December 31, 1929, Serial No. 417,763

' 6 Claims.

My present invention relates to improvements in thermohydrometers, and particularly to instruments of this sort intended and adapted for use in testing anti-freezing solutions in automobile radiators, and in other connections where a readily portable and conveniently used thermohydrometer is required.

An object of my invention is to provide a thermo-hydrometer of the syringe type and of such construction that the thermometer and the gauge float are separated to thus avoid confusion of the scales and to permit more accurate and easy reading of the instrument.

Another object is to so construct the. parts that a. single bulb can be employed to take up the test quantity of liquid and to bring the test liquid into the instrument in such a manner that the thermometer and the float gauge will simultaneously give indications.

Yet another object is to provide a thermohydrometer of such construction that the float gauge scale and the thermometer scale can be read without looking at either scale through the liquid.

Still another object is to provide a thermo-hydrometer which is of such construction that it will take an ordinary float gauge scaled to give readings for the particular liquid being tested, and an ordinary thermometer of glass'which will not require expert incorporation into the float elementor other special construction or manipulation.

Still another object is to so construct the parts that a correction table or scale can be applied at a point to be readily viewed by the user, the

be read through any part of the liquid.

Yet another object is to provide a thermo-hy drometer of the character set forth which is of simple and inexpensive construction which has the. parts thereof so assembled that they can be readily replaced when required through breakage or other causes; and. which can be used for. testing various liquids by having a single float marked with different indicating scales, or by the simple operation of substituting special floats. marked for the diiferent liquids.

With the aboveand other objects in view which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, this mo-hydrometer constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal or vertical sectional view through the middle portion of the instrument.

Fig. 3 is a transverse or horizontal sectional view through the structure substantially on line 3-3 of Fig.2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the modified construction.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that of Fig. 4 showing another modified form. I

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fragmentary portion of a somewhat modified construction and arrangement of the parts.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of an instrument constructed'in accordance with the showing in Fig. 1 with the location of the correction scale employed.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in elevation of the upper end of a modified form of instrument with yet another arrangement of the correction scale.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a detail View showing a correction scale such as might be employed with the modification illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9.

In the testing of anti-freezing solutions as used in automobile radiators, and many other liquid solutions, it is impractical, and often impossible, to have the liquid temperature coincide with the temperature at which the float scale is graduated, and with many solutions a slight variation in the temperature of the liquid will cause a sufficient variation in the behavior of the float to render an ordinary instrument inaccurate and entirely impractical to give anything except approximate readings. These approximate readings will vary many points from accuracy, depending upon the nature of the solution and the variations in the temperature thereof. To overcome such conditions thermo-hydrometers have been employed with correction tables or scales to permit the user to compute and obtain a reasonably accurate reading for the particular temperature of the test liquid. Ordinarily, such thermo-hydrometers are constructed with the thermometer bodily incorporated within the hydrometer float, and in some instances correction tables or scales are also inserted bodily within the float element. 7

The assembly of the thermometer and float as a scale gauge portion has the advantage of locating the thermometer to take temperature readings with the scale of the thermometer adjacent the location of the specific gravity or other gauge scale, but oftentimes the solution to be tested is of a cloudy nature or is otherwise so lacking in transparency as to obscure a clear view of the thermometer scale, and it is particularly difiicult to read the thermometer scale and then make reckonings from the necessarily small figures of a correction table when the same is inc-orporated with the float; Further, where an instrument of this sort is employed byan automobile service station or other user required to test antifreezing solutions having various different characteristics, such as denatured alcohol, distilled glycerine, ethylene glycol, and the like, it will be necessary to have a separate hydrometer for each difierent solution, or if a single syringe hydrometer be used, it will be necessary to fit a new and different thermometer float for each liquid. This requires additional trouble and expense, and it is a purpose of my invention to provide a thermo-hydrometer structure with which the thermometer or temperature indicator is a permanent part, the float element to be graduated with several scales for the diflerent solutions likely to be tested or be readily replaceable with an ordinary standard float for the particular solution.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the syringe hydrometer follows out substantially standard lines and presents an instrument which is readily used and understood by an ordinary mechanic. The barrel 1, of glass or other transparent material is made up substantially after the usual manner employed in syringe hydrometers, and the liquid suction and expelling bulb 2 is of standard form. The float 3 is of usual construction, having the gauge scale 4 thereof marked oif with indications in one or more scales for the particular solution to be tested. The suction tip 5 is carried by an enlarged sleeve 6 which has a liquid pocket 7 therein.

This sleeve 6 is somewhat larger than in ordinary syringe hydrometer construction and has a plug 8 closing the open top thereof to confine liquid within the pocket or reservoir 7. This plug 8 has an opening 9 to receive one end of the barrel 1, and a bead 10 is provided on the barrel to hold the plug and consequently the connecting sleeve 6 in a predetermined relation. The opening 9 is ofiset laterally with respect to the pocket '7 and opening 11 is provided through the plug to receive the thermometer housing 12 formed of glass tubing or other suitable material.

A mounting sleeve 13 fitted around the upper end of the barrel 1 has a thermometerhousing 7 extension 14 thereon and this extension is prodrometer to be hung up or otherwise suspended when not in use.

A thermometer 18 is mounted in the housing 12 with its lower or bulb end 19 within the pocket or reservoir 7, the lower end of the housing 12 being preferably sealed around the thermometer tubes by a plug or cementitious material as indicated at 20 so that the liquid will not rise within the housing around the thermometer tube. A thermometer scale can be placed within the housing 12 adjacent the thermometer tube as shown at 21, and a correction scale can be inserted in the upper end of the thermometer housing as shown at 22, to be visible through the glass tube.

A perforated plug 23 can be placed in the upper end of the barrel 1 to limit upward movement of the float gauge, and spacing points 24 can be provided on the float to hold the same. properly centered. If desired, the thermometer housing 12 can be assembled as a unit and the upper end of this housing can be closed by a plug or cementitious material as indicated at 25. Where the housing 12 is sealed at both ends the thermometer will be insulated from influence by outside temperatures and a better and more accurate temperature reading will be accomplished from the volume of liquid within the pocket or reservoir 7 surrounding the thermometer bulb 19.

My improved thermo-hydrometer will be used in the ordinary manner, the nozzle 5 being inserted in the liquid in an automobile radiator or other container and the bulb 2 being squeezed and then released to create suction to draw a sufficient quantity into the liquid pocket or reservoir 7 and the barrel 1 to permit floating or submergence of the float element, in accordance with the strength and character of the solution. The liquid in the pocket '7 completely surrounds the bulb 19 and will consequently influence the thermometer to indicate the temperature thereof, and it will of cour.:e be understood that the temperature of the liquid around the float element will be to all intents and purposes the same. The user can view the indication on the float scale at the liquid level without taking readings through the liquid, the thermometer scale is in clear view, and the correction table or scale is displayed to be readily viewed.

Each of these scales and. tables can be viewed from a single side of the instrument by only slight shifting of the eye and it will thus be apparent that most accurate reading and calculations can be made.

As the parts are illustrated in the modification shown in Fig. 4, the barrel 1a. and thermometer housing 12a. are blown and fused or otherwise formed together to provide a liquid pocket or reservoir 7a between the same, and an extending nipple 26 is provided to have a piece of rubber hose or a like member 27 applied thereto to form a nozzle to take in and discharge the liquid. If desired, the nipple 26 might be extended to form the nozzle and the parts might be otherwise changed or varied. In assembling this form of the thermo-hydrometer the float would necessarily be inserted through the upper end of the housing 1a and likewise the thermometer, a plug or other portion 200:. being provided to seal around the thermometer to exclude liquid from the hous- In Fig. 5 I have shown another modified construction with which a cup member 28 of glass or other suitable material, is provided with openings to receive the ends of the barrel 1b and the housing 12b. The barrel and housing can be sealed in the openings of the cup member 28, and a nipple and nozzle might be applied as illustrated in Fig. 4. As an additional seal a rubber cup 29 can be applied over the cup member 28 with a portion 30 sealing around the barrel 1b and the housing 12b, and the nozzle 31 can be formed as a part of this rubber cup or cap 29.

In Fig. 6 the sleeve 6 is extended to a greater length to form a housing 32 fitted as an extension on the lower end of the barrel 1, and a liquid reservoir 33 is molded or otherwise formed in this housing portion adjacent the nozzle 34. A thermometer 35 is mounted with its bulb end received through an opening in the housing so that the bulb is within the reservoir 33 and the upper end of the thermometer canbe supported in an opening in anextension 36. The thermometer 35 is readily inserted in the desired mounting as extension 36 is of rubber or similar material and can be stretched over the end of thermometer 35. The thermometer scale might be applied as shown at 37 and a correction scale of sheet celluloid or other suitable material can be applied as shown at 38. This modified construction eliminates the use of the thermometer housing, and might be found particularly advantageous for use in some connections.

With the modification illustrated in Fig. '7 the correction table or scale is carried on .a sleeve 39, of celluloid or other suitable material fitted around the lower end of the barrel 1. This sleeve is of sufiicient length to take the correction table indications, but is not made so long as to obscure the gauge stem of the float element.

As the parts are illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 the upper end of the thermometer housing 120 is made of triangular form, or otherwise polygonal, as indicated at 40. This polygonal portion would be fitted in a corresponding shaped recess in the connecting sleeve 13, and a correction table sheet 41 as shown in Fig. 10, having a number of tables thereon arranged in vertical columns, can be fitted in this polygonal portion so that a separate scale will be visible through each of the fiat sides. Where the correction table or scale is made to indicate for different liquids, the gauge stem of the float element will be marked with indications for the particular liquids or solutions covered by the correction tables, or separate floats for each particular solution can be readily inserted for use in the barrel by removing and. replacing the plug 23 and bulb 2.

While I have herein shown and described certain specific embodiments of my invention and have suggested only certain possible modifications and changes in the construction, assembly, and use of the parts, it will be appreciated that other changes and variations can be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A thermo-hydrometer of the syringe type comprising a transparent barrel, a transparent thermometer housing, a thermometer sealed in said housing and having a temperature influenced portion thereof extending beyond the sealed end of said housing, a sleeve member encasing around the end of the thermometer housing over the extended portion of the thermometer and connected with one end of the barrel to provide a liquid pocket around the extended portion of the thermometer and in communication with said barrel, a liquid nozzle on said sleeve, means 2. A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a transparent barrel, a transparent thermometer housing, a thermometer contained and sealed in said housing and having a temperature influenced portion thereof extending beyond the sealed end of said housing, a sleeve member encasing around the end of the thermometer housing over the extended portion of the thermometer and connected with the lower end of the barrel to provide a liquid pocket around the temperature influenced portion of the thermometer and in communication with said barrel, and a gauge float in said barrel.

3. A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a cylindrical glass float barrel, a gauge float in said barrel, a cylindrical glass thermometer housing, a thermometer entirely housed within and sealed in one end of said housing with temperature influencedv portions extending to be exposed outside the sealed end, and a sleeve having a pocket therein and provided with openings for reception of one end of said barrel and the sealed end of the housing.

4. A syringe thermo-hydrometer comprising a float barrel, a gauge float in said barrel, a thermometer having an extended glass tube, and a rubber nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquid receiving pocket therein and provided with openings for reception and mounting and sealing-in of said thermometer with a temperature influenced portion within the pocket and said barrel with the lower end opening into said pocket.

5. A thermo-hydrometer comprising, a transparent liquid receiving barrel, a rubber nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquid pocket therein provided with two openings in communication with said pocket in one of which one end of the liquid barrel is fitted and held in liquid-tight connection, a syringe bulb mounted at the other end of the liquid barrel, a float gauge in said barrel, and a thermometer fitted in liquid-tight connection in the other opening of the sleeve with a temperature influenced portion within the pocket.

6. A thermo-hydrometer comprising, a transparent cylindrical liquid receiving barrel, a rubher nozzle carrying sleeve having a liquid receiving pocket in communication with the nozzle provided with two openings in communication with the nozzle, one of said openings being adapted to receive and hold one end of the" liquid barrel in liquid tight connection to communicate with the pocket, a bulb fitted at the other end of said liquid barrel, a thermometer having one end fitted in liquid-tight connection through the other opening of the sleeve with a temperature influenced lportion presented within the pocket, and means to hold and support the other end of said thermometer to maintain the same in disposition substantially parallel with the longitudinal extent of the liquid barrel.

LEO EDELIVIANN.

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