US1892464A - Hot top for ingot molds - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 27, 1932. w, H ws 1,892,464

HOT TOP FOR INGOT MOLDS Filed Jan. 21, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORN EY Dec. 27, 1932. w. H. HAWS HOT TOP FOR INGOT MOLDS Filed Jan. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES WILLIAM H.

WILLIAM W. HOFFMAN, 0F JOHNSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA 7 HOT TOP FOR INGOT MOLDS Application filed January 21, 1931. Serial No. 510,254.

My invention relates to hot tops for ingot molds and it consists in the constructions, arrangements and combinations herein described and claimed.

It is an object of my invention to provide a hot top of sectional form having all the advantages of a one-piece top, yet obviating the necessity of employing encircling bands for the securement of the sections.

A still further object of the invention resides in the formation of the hot top sections with interlocking joints so constructed and related as to permit expansion thereof dueto heat variations or internal pressures.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a sectional hottop embodying detachable means for independently suspending each section within the ingot mold.

Additional objects, advantages and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein 2- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an ingot mold illustrating my hot top in position.

Figure 2 is a top plan view ofone of the corners of the hot top.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the mold and hot top illustrating the means for suspending the hot top sections.

Figure 4 is a similar view illustrating the positioning of the parts after extraction of the suspension means.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating a modified form of hot top.

Figure 6 is a cross section illustrating one form of staple for securing the sections together.

Figure 7 is a similar view illustrating a further form of the staple.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary interior elevation of abutting sections, disclosing the staple in place.

Figure 9 is a vertical section through two of the sections illustrating the form of staple employed atthe upper portions of the sections.

In carrying out my invention I make use of any well known form of ingot mold 10 having an opening 11 therein, in which I build up my hot top, generally indicated by the reference character 12'.

The hot top 12 is composed of a plurality of intermediate sections 13 formed from refractory material each of which includes a key member 14 disposed along one vertical edge thereof and a recess 15 formed in the opposlte vertical edge. The sections 13 are arranged on end, the key member 1 1 engag- 211g in the recess 15 of the next adjacentsec- 1OI1.

Corner sections 16 also formed of refractory material are provided and have key members 14 and recesses 15 adapted for interlocking engagement with the abutting sectlons 13.

Each sec'tion'18 has a pair of apertures 17 disposed adjacent the lower edge thereof for reception of pins 18. The outer ends of the pins are preferably bent to form hook portions 19. The corner sections16 also have a pair of apertures 17 but the apertures are disposed in angular relation to one another, for engagement of the pins 18, as clearly shown in Figure 2. The apertures 17 and 17 are positioned a like distance from the lower edge, of the sections 13 and 16, sothat when the sections are assembled a smooth upper surface will be presented.

Attention is now invited to Figure 2 of the drawings, wherein it will be seen that the key members 14 and 14: of the sections 13 and the corner section 16 do not fit tightly in the reces'ses 15 and 15, but a clearance is provided therebetween as well as between the vertical edges of the various sections, as illustrated in Figures 3 and at. This clearance permits for lateral expansion of thesections due to internal pressure as well as permitting expansion of the sections due to heat variations, which action is considerable, at the time of filling the mold with moiten metal.

HAWS, OF JOHNSTOWN; PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO In the use of my hot top, the ingot mold ing a plurality of intermediate sections 13, each section receiving pins 18 for support thereof. When a suificient number of sections 13 has thus been secured, another corner section 16 is interlocked with the last section 13 and supported by pins as previously described, thus completing one side of the hot top. The remaining sides are similarly erected and supported. It should be noted that the sections 13 and 16 are spaced slightly from the sides of the ingot mold, to permit lateral movement.

WVith the hot top built up and supported within the upper end of the ingotmold, the molten metal is poured into the mold. The intense heat of the molten metal and internal pressures set up by the metal will cause the sections 13 and 16 to expand laterally, this action being permitted by the loose fit between the sections 13 and 16 and the side walls of the ingot mold.

After the metal has been poured into the mold, the pins 18. are extracted by insertion of a suitable tool in the hook portion 19, allowing the hot top sections to lower into the ingot mold 10 with shrinkage of the metal which occurs during cooling thereof. Lowering movement of the sections 13 and 16 into the mold will prevent formation of air bubbles or similar deformations in the ingot. lVhen the sections 13 and 16 have served their purpose they are broken or otherwise removed from the ingot mold.

In Figures 5 to 9, I have illustrated a modified form refractory sections and securing means therefor. In this instance, the corner sections 20 each have a vertical groove 21 formed in one edge thereof and a rib 22 formed in the other edge thereof, while the intermediate sections 23 have similarly shaped grooves and ribs 2 and 25, respectively. The ribs 22' of the corner sections are shaped for loose fitting engagement with in the grooves 24 of the abutting intermediate sections 23, and the ribs 25 of the intermediate sections are similarly shaped for engagement in the grooves 21 of the corner sections. The intermediate sections are similarly shaped for engagement in the grooves 21 of the corner sections. The intermediate sections are similarly built up.

Each of the corner sections 20 and intermediate sections 23 have transverse apertures 26 formed slightly inward of the vertical edges of the blocks, and horizontal grooves 27 extend from the apertures 26 to the edges of the block. The grooves 27 preferably have considerable depth, in order to accommodate of considerable depth to accommodate the staples, and also, after insertion of the staples, these grooves maybe closedby insertion of refractory material. Thus, the surface of the hot top will be smooth and uninterrupted, avoiding deformation of the ingot when cast therein.

The upper surfaces of thecorner and intermediate sections are provided with vertically extending apertures 30 arranged so that when the blocks are set up in edge to edge relation, the apertures will be in parallel alignment. Staples 31 are inserted in the apertures 30 and span respective abutting sections, and tend to hold the sections in proper vertical adjustment, although it should be noted that the staples do not bind the sections tightly together there being a slight space between the sections, permitting eX- pansion thereof when molten metal is poured into the hot top.

In order to retain the sections 20 and 23 in elevated position, pins 18' similar to that first described, are provided, although the number of pins required to support the sections is considerably reduced.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have provided a hot top for ingot molds which may be readily produced by brick making plants, and one which may be quickly and readily assembled for use.

Vvhile I have shown and described a preferred construction, it will be understood that various modifications thereof may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is 1. A hot top for ingot molds comprising a series of refractory sections arranged in edge to edge relation, each of said sections having transverse apertures formed adjacent the vertical edges thereof and positioned in the same horizontal plane, and fastening means extended through registered apertures for loosely interconnecting said sections.

2. A hot top for ingot molds comprising a series of intermediate sections and cornersections, said intermediate and corner sections having tongues and grooves for loose interfitting engagement, and said intermediate and corner sectionsfurther having transverse apertures and horizontal grooves formed adjacent the vertical edges of said sections, and staple means projected through said apertures and bent to lie within said grooves for loosely interconnecting said sections.

3. A hot top for ingot molds comprising a series of refractory sections, each of said sections having a groove and tongue for loose interfitting engagement, each of said sections further having a transverse aperture formed adjacent the vertical edges thereof, a horizontal groove formed upon each side of each section, said grooves extending from said aperture to respective edges of each refractory section, and a staple engaged through said apertures and bent to lie within said horizontal grooves for retaining said sections in edge to edge engagement,

4. A hot top for ingot molds comprising a series of refractory sections, each of said sections having a groove and tongue for loose interfitting engagement, each of said sections further having a transverse aperture formed adjacent the vertical edges thereof, a horizontal groove formed upon each side of each section, said grooves extending from said aperture to respective edges of each refractory section, and a staple engaged through said apertures and bent to lie Within said horizontal grooves, said staple having its ends twisted for securement of said sections.

5. A hot top for ingot molds comprising a series of refractory sections arranged in edge to edge relation, each of said sections having a pair of vertically extending apertures formed in the upper surface thereof, a staple member positioned Within apertures of abutting sections and spanning respective sections, and other staple means disposed through said sections intermediate their height, said last named staples having their ends twisted for securement of said sections.

WILLIAM H. HAWS.

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