US1887132A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 8, 1932.

W. H. HQUGHTQN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 20 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. H. HOUGHTON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 20, 1929 Nov. 8, 1932.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 W32 v l y vl Pl||||all lulllll lllllllll! Patented Nov. 8 1932" a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM'H. HOUGHTOLLOF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Application filed March 20,1929. Serial No. 348,466.

My invention is in a building construction Fi 4 is a plan of one of the horizontal and may be considered as a further developfiller locks as if taken in the direction: of the ment of that set forth in my Patent No.- arrow4of Fig. 10f the block alone,

1,491,404, dated April 22, 1924. 1 V I Fig. 5is a side elevation of such a block 5 An object of my invention is a building taken in the direction of the arrow 5 of Fig. 4, 55

construction in which the wall sections are Fig. 6 is an end elevation taken in the direcbuilt up of interlocking panels and blocks tion of the arrow 6 of Fig. 5, preferably formed of cement, or concrete in Fig. 7 is an inside elevation of one of the such a manner that I may have a filling of Wall panels, or it may be considered as an in- 10 concrete on the outer part of the wall and a side view of one of the floor or ceiling slabs, 60 hollow inner wall. In this connection the Fig. 8 is a section on the line 88 of Fig. 7 panels of the concrete filled wall are preferin the direction of the arrows, ably formed with dovetail grooves thus giv- The wall construction is substantially as ing a bond for the concrete. filling. follows, and embodies an outer wall 11 which Another object of my invention is in conis formed of panels and blocks filled with con- 65 structing a ceiling or floor construction by crete. Inside of this there is an inner wall 12 means of interlocking slabs of cement with Which is formed of panels and interlocking interlocking blocks at the juncture of certain blocks, but no concrete filling, leaving dead slabs whereby on filling the space between air spaces. In constructing the outside wall lower and upper slabs and utilizing metal re- I utilize panels 13 which are substantially rec- 70 inforcing, a floor is formed in which the floor tangular and have dovetail grooves 14 on surface isformed of concrete slabs and the heir inside surface, these grooves preferably ceiling below also of concrete slabs. .The extending lengthwise of each of the panels. slabs where I have the concrete filling .be- The anels atone edge have an inwardly extween are also preferably dovetailed on their tending groove 15 formed bya front project- 75 inner faces. a ing tongue 16 and a middle projecting tongue In regard to my detail construction a 17. The marginal surface 18 from the tongue further object of my invention in the wall 17 slopes inwardly. At the opposite edge construction is having the concrete panels there is a middle tongue 19 and an inner spaced by vertical filler blocks. and having the tongue 20 forming a groove 21 at the back ,80 inside wall which is hollow spaced by horiand the sloping surface 22 at the edge. By zontal interlocking blocks. These blocks are this construction the edges of adjacent panels preferably arranged so that they break joint interlock as indicated in Fig. 3. I and thus form a strong wall when; the outer The upper and lower surfaces are also made wall has a concrete filling, and is provided with a similar construction. The upper edge with metal reinforcing bars emb dd d ther indicated at 23 has the two tongues with the in and passing through a notch in the blocks, groove between, but in this Case the inner My invention is illustrated in the accomtongueand lnner groove are intersected by panying drawings, in which: the dovetail grooves. Thus the panels when 49 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a wall conplaced together interlock on both sides at the struction partly broken away, showing a see top and at the bottom. tion through a floor and ceiling construction, The outer walls have a series of blocks 24 Fig. 2 may be regarded asa vertical secwhich extend between the inner and outer tion on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 in the direction panels, these being indicated in Fig. 1. They 45 of the arrows, showing the outer wall extendare provided with double tongues 25 on the ed upwardly and illustrating a ground floor marginal edges and double tongues 26 on the construction, top and bottom edges. They have fiat ver- Fig. 3 is a detail horizontal section subtical sides 27 and flat tops 28. Therefore, stantially on the line 3-3 of Figs. 1 or 2 in these blocks may be caused to interfit with the 50 the direction of the arrows, panel pieces on the top of the panels as indicated at 29 and also underneath the panels as indicated at 30. (See Fig. 1.)

Reinforcing bars 31 extend horizontally between the front inside and outside panels of the outer wall 11 and through the vertical blocks 24. There are also vertical reinforcing bars 32 extending upwardly between the vertical blocks 24; and between the inner and outer panels of the outside wall there is preferably a filling of concrete 33.

The inner wall 12 utilizes the inner series of panels of the outside wall so that the whole wall may be considered as formed of an outer face 34 formed of panels and the outer surfaces of the vertical blocks 24. A middle section 35 is formed of panels and the inner face of the blocks 24. As above mentioned, the outer face 34 and the middle section 35 with the concrete filling form the outer wall 11.

The inner face 36 is formed of panels 37 preferably rectangular, but these are constructed without a dovetail on the inner construction. They are'provided with double tongues and grooves on the side edges 38 and also with double tongues and grooves on the top and bottom edges 39. These double tongues and grooves are made in the same manner as on the panels for the outer wall. The horizontal blocks 40 are also substantially similar in shape to the blocks 24 and are illustrated in detail in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, and bear the same numerals as identify the fea tures of the vertical blocks 24. These blocks are preferably installed to break oint so that the panels can be made of different lengths as indicated in Fig. 2.

The floor and ceiling construction connects to the inner wall by means of special blocks 41 illustrated in section in Figs. 1 and 2. These have double tongues and grooves 42 on the outer face and also double tongues with a single groove 43 extending partly in wardly. There is an inwardly extending tongue 44 which fits between an upper slab 45 of a floor construction and a lower slab 46 forming a ceiling construction. Each of these slabs is dovetailed on the inner surface as indicated at 47. The floor slabs are of the same general type of construction as the wall panels having the dovetail backs, and are provided with the double tongues 48 and 49 on all their edges, these tongues being positioned in a reverse direction so that the slabs will interlock.

In the floor construction I also incorporate concrete blocks 50 which are of the same general character as the vertical blocks 24 of the outer wall and the horizontal blocks 40 of the inner wall. These blocks have double tongues 51 (note Figs. 1 and 2) interlocking with the floor slabs. The blocks may be placed continuously end to end forming in effect a beam structure or may break joint with the slabs if desired, the side edges at the top and bottom and the end edges also at the top and bottom being formed to interlock with the slabs. In the floor construction there are notches 52 in the blocks 50 and notches 53 in the special blocks 41 and through these notches there are fitted reinforcing bars 54 which have their ends bent at an angle as indicated at 55 in the outside wall. A filling of concrete 56 fills the space between the notch and floor slabs and embeds the reinforcing bars 54. This cement or cement grout fills the notches in the blocks. It will be noted that the vertical blocks 24 have notches 57 in which the reinforcing bars 31 are embedded.

It is more or less immaterial as to the manher in which the wall is built up from the foundation, but for convenience of assembly I utilize special floor slabs 58 (note Fig. 2). These slabs are provided with a plurality of inner grooves 59, a center 60 and grooves 61 and 62 parallel to the center. The floor slabs are supported on foundation blocks 63 and 64 or other suitable construction. These grooves in the floor slab allow the lower edges of the wall panels to fit therein and in such manner interlock. The concrete filling of the outer wall fills in the center 60 and firmly locks the panels on the outer and middle part of the outer wall together.

It is obvious that the same general type of construction, using middle panels and the similar type of construction for floor and ceiling slabs, allows economy to be exercised in the manufacture of such panels and slabs, and these may also be incorporated in roof constructions, either flat or sloping roofs, as the desire may be. The blocks fitted in the outside and inside portions of the walls and in the floors may be of substantially the same type, and in some cases may be made to the same dimensions, thus also affording economy in manufacture. It will be apparent that the elements of my wall are readily assembled and that no mold or forms are required.

Various changes may be made in the principles of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof, as set forth in the description, drawings and claims.

I claim:

1. A building construction having a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures formed with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure, and a central panel structure, there being blocks connecting between the outer and the center structures and terminating at said structures and additional blocks between the inner and center structures and terminating at said structures, thereby providing spaces between the blocks, and a composition filling between the outer and center panel structures.

2. A building construction having a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures formed with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure, and a center lid panel structure, all spaced apart, blocks between the outer and the center structures terminating at said structures and additional blocks between the inner and central structures terminating at said structures, the outer and the central panel structures having dovetails facing one another, and a composition filling between the outer and the center structures engaging the said dovetails.

3. A building construction having a .wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure, and a center panel structure, each being formed of individual panels, a series of blocks engaging and spacing the panels of the outer and center structures, a separate series of blocks engaging the panels of the inner and center structures and terminating at said structures, the said panels and blocks having interlocking tongues and grooves, and a composition filling between the outer and the center panel structures.

4. A building construction having a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure and a center panel structure, each formed of individual panels, vertical spacing blocks between the outer and the center panel structures terminating at said structures, separate spacing blocks between the inner and central panel structures terminating at said structures, the said panel structures and the blocks having interlocking double tongues and grooves, each of the tongues having a sloping surface and a surface substantially parallel to the planes of the panel, the said panels and blocks interfitting at the tongues and grooves, and a composition filling between the outer and the center panel structures.

5. A building construction having a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure, and a center panel structure, each formed of a number of individual panels, spacing blocks between the outer and center structures terminating at said structures, additional spacing blocks between the inner and center structures terminating at said structures, the said panels and blocks having double tongues and grooves to interlock, the tongues having sloping surfaces and each with an adjoining surface parallel to the plane of the panels, the outer and center panel structures having dovetailed grooves, and a composition filling in said grooves and between the outer and center panel structures.

6. A building construction having in combination a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures formed with an outer panel structure, an inner panel structure, and a center panel structure, spaclng blocks between the inner and center panel structures,

a flooring and ceiling construction having an upper and a lower panel structure with spacing blocks between said structures, and certain of the spacing blocks of the wall also forming spacing blocks for the floor and ceiling.

7. A building construction comprising in combination a wall with three distinct and separate vertical structures having an outer, inner and a center panel structure, each formed of individual panels placed edge to edge, vertical spacing blocks between the outer and the center structures only, and hori-, zontal spacing blocks between the inner and center structures terminating at said structures, a floor and ceiling construction having 7

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