US1840469A - Padlock - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12, 1932. J. G. SAB@ 1,840,469

PADLOCK Filed Nov. 6, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l JUL/Us G. Sfr/B0 .1. G. SABO Jan. l2, 1932.

PADLOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 6, 19:50

5559.11. i u u gwntoc JUL/us 6. v54,90,

akten/mq Patented Jan. 12, 1932 NETED STATES ATENT orties JULIUS G. SABO, CCE' MANHEIFI, PENNSYLVANA, ASSIGNOB.' TO THE SLAYMAKFR LOCK COMPANY, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA PADLOCK Application led November 6, 1930. Serial N0. 493,861.

This invention relates to padlocks and aims to provide an improved and novel lock of a construction giving weight, strength and great sturdiness thereto against breakage.

As it will be best understood by description applied to illustration thereof, further statement and explanation will be made with reference to the attached drawings showing one `practicable embodiment of the invention in the form of a padlock.

In said dra-wings:

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation thereof in locked position,lwith parts broken a way Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation in unlocked position, with parts broken away;

Fig. l is a plan view of the top of the lock;

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the reverse side of the lock with casing shell removed;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of one end of the lock with casing shell removed;

Fig. 7 is an elevation of the opposite end of the lock with said shell removed;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 2, with a part broken away;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 9--9 of Fig. 3, with a part broken away;

Fig. 10 is an elevation of an operative element in side and opposite end views;

Fig. 11 is an elevation of' another operative part in side and one end views; and

Fig. 12 is a perspective fragmentary view of a part of the locking piece or shackle.

In the illustrative lock, a substantially solid body-member or casting 13 provides the casing proper and contains all the working elements. This casting is fitted non-removably into a shell 14 which therewith completes the casing. A neat complementary lit of the two is desirably effected by forming the casting with end shoulders 18a abutting the upper edge of the shell and forming the shell with side wing-portions 14a pressed over the top of the casting into corresponding recesses with outer surfaces flush, as indicated in Fig. 1 and shown clearly in Fig.

4. If the line of joinderf therebetween is sealed to make insertion of a tool for separation impossible, the usual binder rivets may be eliminated altogether. For added attraction of appearance, this complete casing may be plated with nickel or chromium and highly polished.

From said casing extends the locking piece, in this instance comprising a U-shaped shackle formedk in two parts, 15 and 16, of which the first-named is the main and longer. This part (15) is swiveled and also slidable longitudinally for a limited extent in the casing or casting part thereof. The other part (16)` is merely slidable axially therein for a limited extent. The two parts are engageable together at a point just outside or beyond the top face of the casing by a complementary recessing of their free ends, as represented in several figures, particularly Fig. 6. `When disengaged, said main part may swivel to swing its free end away from the other part laterally to the casing.

A snap action in such swing of the part is occasioned by tension of a spring 1S thereon, having one end fixed to said part and its i other end fastened in the casting while also bearing against an overlying wall of the latter. Being thus put under expansive as well as torsional tension, this spring acts continuously and with considerable force to draw the part down or inwardly of the casing, in addition to swinging its free end around when released from said other part. A projection or lug 19 thereon serves to limit the swing by abutting a shoulder 20 (see Fig. Y) on the casting. Said projection also prevents swing of the part for a predetermined extent of outward or lift movement, by bearing against another shoulder or wall surface 21 of the casting (see Fig. 5). Accordingly, the main part of the shackle must be moved outwardly of the casing for a certain distance before it can swing free, this distance being dependent upon the distance or extent its free end is drawn into the easing under the action of the aforesaid spring.

The other part of the shackle carries a spring 22 working thereon against an underlying wall of the casting to push it up or outwardly. The tension ofv this spring is measurably less than that of the first mentioned spring on the main part of the shackle, so as not to counter or appreciably resist the indrawing force of the former, but to be itself counteracted when the free end of said main part is brought to bear upon this other part by engagement therewith. A projection or pin 23 on said other part serves to prevent rotation and keep its projeotive end always l1n engageable relation tothe main parts free end, vbymovement in a guide slot 24 in the casting.

From the foregoing it will be understood that when the two parts of the shackle are engaged together, the spring (18) on the main part draws it down or inwardly of the casting against the lesser tension of the spring (22) on the other part, with the joint therebetween inside the casing concealed from view and the projection (19) on said main part bearing against the swing-blocking shoulder or surface (21) lof the casting, as shown in Fig. 5. In this position, the two parts are locked securely by means operable Vto raise the shackles main part against the tension of its spring sufhciently to bring the joint with the other part outside the casing and said projection thereon just above the top edge of the latters bearing surface, whereup-on it releases by action of said spring in a snap swing, bringing its projection against the limiting shoulder as shown in Fig. 7.

Said means comprises a cam element 25 (see Fig. 10) journaled in the casting in lateral relation to the swiveled portion of the main shackle part. This element is turnable in one direction through a small rotational arc against the tensi-on of a spring 26 connected to return or partially return it to normal position. An eccentric 27 thereof, formed by a projection or roller works between shoulder portions -of the aforesaid vshackle part so as to act on the latter in opposite directions. Such shoulders are in this i. instance provided by a recess or segmental cut-out 28 (see Fig. 12) near the bottom end of the part, into which the eccentric projects.

Said eccentric is disposed to lie near bottom dead center when the cam element is in normal position with said shackle part engaged and drawn inwardly of the casing, so that any attempt to pull or force the shackle outwardly will bring its lower shoulder up against the yeccentric without turning `effect upon the cam element, which accordingly blocks further movement and jams or locks the part tightly (see Fig. 2). It is unnecessary for the eccentric to pass beyond or even to bottom dead center in order to vive this effect to the cam element, because ittlias been found that a pull on the shackle will not translate rotation to said element if the eccentric is anywhere near the bottom center. Greater security is assured however by having it very close to or past dead center, so

that any turning yeffect on the cam element will be in direction opposite to that in which it may turn. A spacer 29 limits inward movement of the shackle part to a point of easy operation with the cam element.

When the cam element is turned in proper direction by the actuating means therefor, the eccentric as so disposed will bear under the upper shoulder of the shackle part and raise or move the same outwardly against its spring tension suliiciently for release as above described. This turn movement is effected in this instance by a key-barrel 30 of familiar construction embodying springpressed tumblers 31 working through its side. These tumblers normally project into a recess 32 in the casting to prevent turning, but recede into the barrel as the proper key is inserted, so that it may be turned thereby in one direction. Said barrel has a segmental lug 33 on its inner end adapted to engage behind a similar lug 34 on the aforesaid cam element, whereby a turn of the former will cause a turning of the latter in proper direction and for the necessary extent to raise the shackle parts to releasement (compare Figs. 2 and The sectional Figures 8 and illustrate this action, in which the segmental lugs of the two elements describe a quarter turn. A turning in the Wrong direction is further prevented by a ridge' at the outer end of the barrel abutting a shoulder 36 in the casting, while the turn is limited by said ridge abutting the wall of the recess 32. A key 37 for operating the barrel is shown admitted through the usual key guide 88 therein.

After turning to release the shackle, the return spring (26) on the cam element will of course cause the latter to return or partially return the barrel therewith to normal position by reverse action of their engaging lugs. vWhether then returned all the way or not, the shackle working upon the Veccentric of said element will force both back when it is drawn inwardly by its spring on snapping snut.

While the operation is believed to be obvious from the foregoing description, it may facilitate understanding to here make explanation. Assuming the shackle to be in the locked position shown in Fig. 2, the key is inserted into the barrel and in so doing moves the tumblers inwardly thereof from the recess 32 to permit turning. On turning the barrel by the key in clockwise direction (as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 6), the segmental lug 33, after take-up of a certain amount of play, will engage behind the coi'- responding lug 34v of the cam element and turn the latter against the tension of its return spring so as to swing its eccentric upwardly. This movement causes the eccentric to bear under the upper shoulder (at the recess 28) in the main part of the shackle and raise the same against the tension of its spring, with the lug 19` thereon bearing against the swing-blocking surface 21, thereby compressing the last mentioned spring.

As the shackle part is thus raised, it carries the other part therewith, assisted by the tension ot the latters spring 22 until the joint therebetween is outside or just beyond the top surface of the casing, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 7. Simultaneously, the aforesaid lug ot the main shackle part rides oil and slightlyA above the swing-blocking surface, thereby releasing the part to swing out ot engagement with the other part under the torsional tension of its spring, with said lug almtting the shoulder 20 in limit of the rllie parts will then be in the position shown in Fig. 3, whereupon the spring 2G on the cam element will return or partially return said element and the barrel to normal position with relaxing of tension on the key and the aforesaid lugwill come to rest upon the ledge between shoulders 2O and 2l of the casting, thus preventing the shackle part from being pushed inwardily while in the laterally swung position. The threestages of the shackles movement are she in Fig. 6, wherein the locked position is indicated by the dot and dash lines, the extreme outward movement is indicated by the dotted lines and the intermediate position is shown in full lines. The three stages Vot its lugs movement are similarly represented in Fig. 5.

rlhus tie shackle is released by the combined action of the cam element and its spring 18, the latter of which works against the other except in lateral swing of the shackle. lllhen the main shackle part is swung back into engagement with the other part. said spring acts to draw both parts inwardly of the .casing and simultaneously drive the cam element and actuating barrel back to their normal positions it not fully returned by the spring 26.

@ne the advantages of this construction that only one hand is required to operate the lock either in unlocking or locking. To `elock, it is necessary only to swing` the casto bring the tree end of the main shackle into alinement with the other part, causes the two to engage and the g i8 immediately acts to draw both i in the casing. Either the shackle or the casing may be swung for this purpose.

lt will be obvious that va 1ions modications or changes in the form and arrangement of the parts with different combinations and slib-combinations may be made without departin j from the scope ot this invention. For example, the secondary part of the shackle may be eliminated and the same resnlt obtained with only the main J-shaped part et the shackle, or a lock mechanism other than the key barrel might be used for operating the cam element. Accordingly,

the appended claims are not intended to limit the invention to the specific construction shown. f

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from said casing and axially movable therein, a rotatable member located within said casing and having locking means normally engaged and movable with said shackle-bolt, said locking means being constructed to normally resist an outwardly applied axial pull upon the shackle-bolt while said bolt is in its innermost position, means normally acting to impart inward axial movement to said shackle-bolt so as to lock the same, and means for moving said locking member to a position permitting outward movement of the shackle-bolt.

2. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from and slidable in the casing, means tending to draw said bolt into the casing, a turnable member having an eccentric engaging with opposing abutments of the bolt so as to wedge the same against withdrawal by pull when in normal position and to move the bolt outwardly against the indrawing torce of the first-named means when turned from said position, means for turning said member from normal position by turn-movement of an appliable key, and mea-ns tending to return the member to normal position after the turning therefrom.

3. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from and slidable into the casing, means tending to draw the bolt therewithin, a rotatable element having an eccentric engaging with the bolt normally in a substantially dead-center positon so as to hold it against withdrawal by pull but acting thereon to move it outwardly against the indrawing force of the irst-named means when rotated in one direction, means for rotating said element in said one direction by action of an appliable key, and means tending to return the element to its dead-center position after rotation therefrom.

4l. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from and both slidable and turnable in the casing to release, means tending to draw and also to turn said bolt within the casing, means preventing any turn thereof until it is moved outwardly a predetermined distance, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging with the bolt so as, in a normally dead-center position against a part thereof, to hold it by wedge-like action against withdrawal by pull but moving it outwardly against the indrawing tendency of the first-named means when forcibly rotated from said position, a key-barrel adapted to rotate said, member in direction to move the bolt outwardly by action of an inserted key, and means tending-to return the member to its dead-center the rotation therefrom.

5. A lock comprising a casing, a lockingbolt projecting from and both slidable and turnable in the casing to release, a spring tensioned to draw and also to turn said bolt in the casing, means including a lug on the bolt bearing against a part of the casing for preventing any turn thereof until moved outwardly a predetermined distance and then limiting the ent-ent of the turn, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaged with the bolt in a normally substantially deadcenter position wedgingly holding it against withdrawal by pull but acting thereon to move it outwardly against the indrawing tension of said spring when rotated in one direction, a key-barrel having an eccentric projection engaging in said member for rotating the same in said one direction by action of an appliable key, and a spring tensioned to return the member to its dead-center position after rotation therefrom.

6. In a lool; including a casing and a sliding staple projecting therefrom, a spring on one arm ofthe staple tensioned to draw it inward, a spring tensioned under the other arm of the staple with an outward forcing action, and a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging one of the arms so as in a substantially dead-center position in relation thereto to lock the staple against pull withdrawal; said locking being against the position after tension of one of said springs and aided b-y the tension of the other.

7. In a lock including` a casing and a sliding staple projecting therefrom, a spring on one arm of the staple tensioned to draw it inward and to swing its other arm free upon ejected release, a spring under the other arm of the staple tending to force it outwardly, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging the inst-mentioned arri of the staple so as in a substantially dead-center position to lock the same against pull withdrawal assisted by the tension of one of said springs and opposed by the tension of the other, and key-actuated means for rotating said member from the dead-center locking position.

8. In a lock including a casing and a sliding staple projecting therefrom, a spring on one arm of the staple tensioned to draw it inward and to swing its other arm fre-e upon ejected release, a spring tensioned under the other arm of the staple with an outward force action, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging the first-mentioned arm' of the staple so as in a substantially deadcenter position to lock the same against pullwithdrawal assisted by the tension of one of said springs and opposed by the tension of the other, a key-barrel having an eccentric projection engaging in said member for rotating the same from the dead-center locking position by action of an appliable key,

and a spring tensioned to return the member to said position.

9. A lock embodying a casing and a sliding staple projecting therefrom, a spring on one arml of the staple tensioned to draw it inward and to swing its other arm free upon ejected release, a spring under the other arm of the staple tending to force it outwardly, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaged with the irstmentioned arm of the staple serving to lock the same against withdrawal by pull when in a substantially deadcenter position and to move it 'outwardly when turned from said position, key-actuated means for rotating said member in one direction and means tending to return the member to its dead-center position after rotation therefrom; the staple being released by combined actions of the rotatable member and both of said springs and the first-named thereof acting against the other to simultaneously impel the staple and said member with its key-actuating means back to locking position when the staple is swung back to close.

In testimony whereof I aliX my signature.

JULIUS G. SABO.

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