US1703361A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 26, 1929. 1,703,361

E. PO'HL PUMP Filed April 1925 IYY give/Mar Zia/Z344- Patented Feb. 26, 1929.

UNITED STATE n'mrsr won, or man, GERMANY.

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Application iilcd April 6, 1925, Serial No. 21,247, and in Germany December 24, 1924.-

The invention relates to a rotary pump for surgical purposes of the type in which pressure rollers carried on a frame are adapted to be rolled-along a collapsible tube so as to force liquid along said tube.

' In pumps adapted easily coagulable liquids, as blood, and whose operating parts consist of a flexible tube placed in a circular casing or the like and of pressure rollers adapted to divide the flexible tube into sections with different pressures, it has been found that mechanical contrivances which, for example, enable the pump to be easily taken to pieces so that the liquid delivering tube can be removed from the pump casing in a comparatively short time for the purpose of washing it in a bath, do not suflice for all the requirements of practical working because the blood is continually subjected to chemical influences that cause it to coagulate. Hence it has been found necessary to employ means which counteract such chemical influences and, in the transfusion of blood, a solution of salt has been employed which is introduced into the liquid conveying tube in the pump at proper times, or which is mixed with the transfused blood. Hitherto this could only be carried out after the liquid conveying tube was removed from the pump or, in

I cases where the removal of the'tube was not necessary, after the operation of the pump was stopped. By these measures considerable time elapsed before the addition of the solution of salt could take place, so that there :5 was a possibility of coagulation of the blood setting in. I

The invention provides means for eliminating all losses of time that might result in the coagulation of the blood. This consists in 40 providing the pump with at least two separate liquid conveying tubes arranged in the pump casing, both tubes being operated by a common operating device so that separate pumping operations take place in the tubes, and

other tubes to which the pump tubes are connected by a valve. When two flexible tubes are provided in the pump and a multi-way valve provides connections to two other tubes the connections between the pumping tubes 0 and the other tubes can be reversed.

Hence the invention enables the pump to be used at one and the same time for pumping liquids of different kinds, for example blood and a solution of salt that prevents coagulation, both liquids being caused to flow continuously. During operation one pump tube to cause the flow of may circulate salt solution from a container through a valve passage and an external tube back to the container'whilst the other pump tube pumps blood by way of another tube and the other Valve passage. When the valve is operated salt solution is circulated through all the tubes and passages.

Further features of the invention will appear in the following descript on and in the drawing, which illustrates, by way of example, a side view of the pump, partly in section.

a is thepump casing, 12 and 0 are two tubes arranged in par llel in the casing, (1 denotes three pressure rollers placed at equal an ular distances and adapted to be adjusted ra ially in a common roller carrying frame e in which pivots g are journalled. The pivots 9 protrudeinto eccentric slots f in a disk h which is adapted to be rotated by a lever it around the central shaft 2' of the pump for the purpose of adjusting the pressure of the rollers d against the tubes. The roller carrier 6 is also adapted to rotate around the central shaft 1' and has radial slots, 6 that receive the pivots g of the rollers. The roller carrier is also provided with a lever Z whose free end carries a handle m for driving the afore-described driving mechanism of the pump. The roller carrier 6 and thed-isk k can be displaced relatively to each other for the purpose of adjusting the pressure of the rollers (l against the tubes. The adjusting device can be arranged in different ways. In the example illustrated it consists of' an arcuate rack 91. attached to the lever is of the disk It and adapted to cooperate with a spring locking member 0 mounted on the lever Z.

Arranged exteriorly of the pump casing a but preferably fixed to the latter is a multi way cock p with passages g and 1- to which the pipes b and 0 and b 0 are connected. The free ends of the tubes 0 and a serve for connecting to the object from which the easily coagulable liquid is taken. while the free ends of the tubes 1) are inserted in the vessel 8 containing the auxiliary liquid. The passages g and 'r of the multi-way cock 2 are arranged so that in the one position of the cook the tubes 6, b and the tubes 0, c are connected while in the other position of the cock the tubes 6 and c and b and 0 are interconnected.

The pump operates in the following manner: Assuming that the parts are in the positions shown in the drawing in which the tubes b and c are connected in parallel the rotationof the handle m of the driving mechanism in the direction of the arrow t wi 1 cause the rollers d to travel along the tubes 1) and 0 so that the points of compression of' the tubes will progress clockwise and the liquid to be transfused will travel through the tube 0 to a while the auxiliary liquid circulates from and towards the vessels through the tubes 1) and I). This motion of the two liquids is indicated by the solid arrows. When the pumping operation is completed, or when the tubes 0 and c are to receive auxiliary liquid, the cock p is turned into its other position and the liquid will then flow as follows: From the vessel 8 auxiliary liquid is drawn through the tube 6 which will pass through the cock p into the tube 0 At the same time auxiliary liquid will be conducted from the vessel 8 through the pipe 6 into the tube a. The flow of the liquids in this operation is indicated by broken arrows.

The tubes 7) and 0 are held at their points of exit from the vessel a by means of suitable clamping devices at which hold the tubes during the pumping operations, but enable them to be easily removed and replaced. The scope of the invention is not limited to the example shown in the drawing :as more than two liquid-conveying tubes may be arranged if required so as to enable various kinds of liquids to be passed from several points to several other points in various quantities. Furthermore the number of pressure rollers in the rotor or operating device may be reduced or increased.

I claim:

1. In a coagulable-liquid transferring apparatus, the combination of a line of coagulable-liquid conveying tubing having intake and exit portions, an auxiliary line of tubing having two portions, free ends of each of whlch are adapted for connection with an auxiliary liquid supply, part of one portion of each line being flexible, pressure means movable along said flexible portions, to force liquids therethrough, and valve means having two operative positions, in one of which the portions of each line are connected together and in the other of which the portion of each line engaged by said pressure means is connected to the portion of the other line which is not so engaged, said valve means being manually-operable, at will.

2. In a coagulable-liquid transferring apparatus, the combination of a line of coagulable-liquid conveying tubing having intake and exit portions, an auxiliary line of tubing having two portions, means for continuously forcing liquid through one portion of each of said lines, and means operable at Will, as a unitary operation, for either connecting the tWo portions of each line together, or for dis connecting the same and for connecting the portions of each line with which said forcing means is associated to the other portion of the other. line.

3. In coagulable-liquid-transferring a paratus, the combination of a valve casing aviug a plurality of ports, one line of tubing having intake and exit portions connected to two of said ports, respectively, a second line of tubing having portions connected with two other ports, respectively, a movable valve member in said casing, arran ed to interconnect the portions of the first line, and of the second line, of tubing, respectively, in one position, and to interconnect each portion of one line with a separate portion of the other line, in another position, said lines of tubing having flexible portions. and pressure members movable along said flexible portions, to force separate liquids through said two lines of tubing in the first posit1on of said valve member, and to force the same liquid through both lines of tubing in the second position of said valve member.

4. In liquid-transferring apparatus, the

combination of a pump casmg, a single valvedevice having four ports and a movable member with passages therethrough for selectively interconnecting said ports, a liquid delivery tube having a flexible portion extendin through said casing, connected to one of said ports, an intake tube connected to another of said ports, an auxiliary liquid container, a tube extending therefrom, having a flexible portion extending through said casing, and connected to a third one of said ports, another tube extending from said container to the fourth one of said ports, and pumping devices comprising pressure means within said casing arranged to move along said flexible tube portions, and driving means therefor, said movable valve member being arranged to interconnect said first and second ports, and said third and fourth ports, respectively, in one operative position, and sald first and fourth, and second and third ports, respectively, in another operative position.

5. In a pump, the combination of a casing, two flexible tubes supported in said casing, pressure rollers adapted to be rolled along said flexible tubes simultaneously, two other tubes and a four-way valve cock for connecting the inlet of one of said flexible tubes and the outlet of the other at will to either of said other tubes respectively.

6. In a pump, the combination of a circular casing, two flexible tubes disposed in arcuate form in said casing, pressure rollers adapted to be rolled along said flexible tubes continuously and simultaneously, a common carrier for said pressure rollers, an djusting plate capable of angular displacement with reference to said carrier for adjusting the radial position of said pressure rollers, two other tubes external to said casing and a four-way valve cock for connecting each of said flexible tubes at will to either of said external tubes and the other flexible tube to the remaining external tube 7. In a pump, the combination of a circular casing, two flexible tubes each disposed over substantially half the periphery of said casing, a rotatable frame having radial slots and an adjusting disk having curved slots,

both pivoted at the centre of said casing, atleastthree pressure rollers pivoted in said radial and curved slots, said disk being capable of being turned and fixed at different angular positions with reference to said frame so as to adjust the radial position of said pressure rollers, two tubes external to said casing and a four-way cock adapted to connect either of said flexible tubes with either of said external tubes and the other flefirible tube with the remaining external tu e.

8. In a pump for the transfusion of blood,

'the combination of a circular easing, two

semi-circular flexible tubes arranged in said casing, a pressure roller carrying frame rotatable on the axis of said casing, pressure rollers radially adjustable in said frame vexerting continuous pressure on said flexible tubes,two tubes external to said casing, a vessel for auxiliary liquid, one of said flexible tubes and one of said external tubes being=c0nnected to said vessel and a four-Way cock to which said flexible and external tubes are joined for connecting each of said flexible tubes at will to either of said external tubes and the other flexible tube to the remaining external tube.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ERNST POHL.

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