US1757763A - Interlocking-unit construction - Google Patents

Description

May 6,1930. p, B TZ ER 1,757,763

INTERLOCKING UNIT CONSTRUCTION Filed June 2'7, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Paul BeZz er BY I Z s f ATTORNEY y 1930. P. BETZLER INTERLOCKING UNIT CONSTRUCTION Filed June 27, 1929 '5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Paul Bgtz ler. BY 1 ATTORNEY May 6, 1930.

P. BETZLER INTERLOCKING UNIT CONSTRUCTION Filed June 27, 1929' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR aul Betz Zer.

BY W 414 ATTORNEY case may be.

l atented May 6,

I PAUL nnrznna or monsomnnw roan NrERLooKme-Uiirr oousrnuc'rion Application filed June 27,

' This invention relates to building constructherefrom, one of said fianges being in the form of a rib and the other one having a. hook formed section adapted to interlock with the rib of an adjoining unit so as to form therewith a beam or column member as the Another object is to provide a building unit or slab of the character specified made of preferably reinforced cementitious material,

: ing unit or slabembodying my invention;

said unit being cast with openings through said rib and beam or column member, per mitting the insertion ofbinding bars connecting adjoining units together.

A further object is to provide a building unit or slab of the character specified-provided with means such as a furring strip forming a foundation o-ntowhich lathing or building boards or other similar materials may be easily secured. 1

'A still further object is to provide a construction composed of a plurality of elements or units preferably formed of reinforced concrete or other cementitious material, said units being interlocking with one another and being held together to form a complete structure by meansof suitable reinforcing and: binding "elements cooperating therewith. 9

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will more fully appear as the description proceeds and will be set forth and claimed in the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a viewin perspective of a build- Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in perspective partly sectioned of a corner of a building in which building slabs of the type shown in Fig. 1 are employed for the construction of its walls; i

of the same type.

1929. Serial in, 373,966.

Fig. 3'is a fragmentary elevation of one of the walls of said building; a Y V Fig. 4 aplan sectional View thereof;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of the'same'; and

. c) Fig. 6 is a partial view iniperspective of a floor formed of a plurality of building units In the construction of buildings of various "descriptions, it is desirable ,to reduce, the costof labor as well as the weight of the various structuresLwithout however, impairing their stability or strength.

Q The building slab or unit to which this in vention moreparticularly refers is, of an extremely light weight and by virute of its peculiar design makes it'possible to build wallsor floors of great strength with the eX- penditure of a comparatively'limited amount of labor.' I g g V 1 Referring to Fig. 1, it will be observed that body 10 having one-of-itslongitudinal edges 11 bent inwardlypreferably-at right angle to said body to form a rib 12. The other longitudinal edge 13 isya'lso bentinwardly as shown at 1 1 then laterally as shown at 15 and then outwardly as shown'at 16, so "as to form a hook sectionedimember which in use will constituteapartlofa column or beam according to whether the slab is used for the construction ofa wall or a floor. The free v edge 17 of outer wall 16 of the beam orcolumn member is spaced a distance a, fromthe plane of theouter surface of the web body, thev distance a, substantially corresponding to the thickness of said web body. The'dist'ance b between theplane of the outer surface of the webv body and the bottom 18 of thegroove 19. formed by the three walls of the column .or beam member is substantially equivalent to or slightly greater than the width b of rib 12. i c

As. a result offthis construction, the rib portion ofoneunit may be inserted, within the groove formed by the. column or beam member of an ad o1nmg un t so as to interlock therewith. p I Rib. 12 and groove 19 are preferably so shaped that the ribof one unit may be in- I myimproved slab'orunit comprises a web.

serted within the grooveof an adjoining unit in a transverse direction to the plane of web body 10, in order to facilitate and speed up building operations.

A wall can thus be built asshown in Figs. 3, 4, Comprising a plurality of interlocking units 20, 21, etc., the outer surfaces of their web bodies 20, 21, forming a; continuous surface which is the outer surface of the wall.

Horizontal binding bars such as 22 can be inserted as the work progresses alongside.

the inner surface of the wall through perforations 23, 24, 23', 24' provided through ribs 12 and walls 14, 16 '0f the column or beam members as shown in Fig. 1.

Interlocking slabs or units of the type just described can be made of sheet metal if desired, but for the majority of purposes, I prefer to make them out of plastic composi tions which may be selected according to the use for which the slabs or units are intended. For instance for the construction of light partition walls the slabs can be made in the form of plaster boards while for the construc tion of outer and main walls,.they are preferably made of reinforced concrete as'shown in Fig. 4. r

In this case, each slab or unit is provided with reinforcing members, i which may be suitably placed longitudinal bars 25, 26, etc, connected by transve'rsal wire or screen members 27. Openings 23, 24, 23", 24, can be pre-' cast in the slabs,-as will be understood.

WVhenthe slabs are madeoutof cementitious materials or other plastic compositions the-groove 19 of each column member is made somewhat wider and deeperthan rib 12 so as to leave a small clearance space such asindi-L cated at 28 in Fig. 4 between their adjoining surfaces.

This clearance space permits the insertion of mortar or cement which will form a strong and positively waterproof. binding between adjoining units. The slabs are preferably made sufficiently long to extend from floor to floor. The foundation wall 29 shown in Fig. 2 preferably has its upper. surface formed with ahorizontal groove 30 running all along the wall, the width of said groove substantially corresponding to the distance between the outer surface of the slab and the inner surface of the column members.

Afterthe wall of the first floor has been built and binding bars 10 have been placed in position as shown in Fig. 2, a suitable frame work is placed in position so as to cast horizontal beam members 31 running between adjoining column members at the upper end of the slabs. 7

After this is done the construction of the next story can be started, the slabs composing the upper Wall being anchored or positioned at the base in any suitable manner.

No definite rules can be given as to the manner of inter-connecting the elements composing the various floors, because the procedure to be followed in these operations is to be determined by the architect according to the type of construction to be produced.

For instance, if the building has a steel frame the slabs will be attached to the frame and the slabs of one story need not'be inter connected with the slabs of an adjoining story. 7 a I When windows have to be provided as shown at 32 in Figsh3 and 4, wider than the width of a slab, the wall underneath the window sill may be formed by cutting the slab or slabs soas to support the window sill 33 at the properdistance from the floor, while the window enclosure; may be completed at the top by providing a "horizontal member 34 extending between the two column members between which thewindow is inserted.

A corner formed by two walls constructed" in the manner described is preferably-completed by means of a special slab or unit such I as shown at 35 in Figs. 2 and 4; the two end slabs of36, 37 of the 'twoiwalls are made to abut at right angle to each other along the outer corner edges of their respective column members I The corner unit orslab 35 comprises two web sections38,-39 at right angle to each other, and-two rib sections 40, 41 bent in wardly at right angle thereto from the edges thereof, said rib sections being adapted to interlock with'the column members ofslabs A vertical square chamber 42 will therefore be formed by the outer surfaces of the two column members and by the inner surfaces of web sections 38, 39. Said chamber is 7 preferably filled with concrete as the building progresses as shown at'43, forming a solid corner column which is preferably reinforced all through by a vertical reinforcing member 44. a I

(Vhen the slabs are made of reinforced con-- crete or other 'cementitiousmaterial the outer, surface of t is web body is preferably pro vi ded with means such as a furring strip 45 adapted to 'form a foundation onto which lathing or composition boards or like materials can be easily nailed as shown at 46. The slab is preferably built inunit form with the furring strip which may be anchored within the concrete in any suitable manner.-

It is also possible, of course, when pouring the concrete to form the upper wall beam 47 shown in Fig. 5, to insert anchoring bolts 48 which will project upwardly therefrom, providing means for securing a wooden strip 49 onto which the roof rafters 50 can be secured in any suitable manner. I

.The building units or slabs constructed according to my invention can also be used for building floors, as shown in Fig. 6, where 51 designates a floor composed of a plurality ofinterlocking units 52, 53, 54, etc, horizontally able that they arranged, the web portions of said slats form-[ ing the floor foundation proper. and the interlocking members forming the beams. V

Said beams are preferablyfprovided with furring strips 55 onto which lathing or composition boards 56' can be attached;

vary from those shown without departing from the inventive idea; the drawings will therefore be understood as being intended for illustrative purposes only and not in a'limitingsense. Accordingly, I reserve the right to carry my invention into practice in all those ways and manners which'may enter, fairly, into the scope of the appendedclaims,

I claim: i i

1. A building unit of the character speci-' fied, including a web body having one of its longitudinal edges inwardly bent at an angle 7 to the surface of said body, to form a ribin tegral therewith, and having its other longitudinal edge bent inwardly, laterally and outwardly to form a hook sectioned beam or column member, the groove formed by the look section thereof being wide enough to permlt the insertion of a rib similar to that integral with the opposite edge of said unit,

in a direction transversal of said web body.

2. A building unit of the character specified, including a web body having one of its longitudinal edges inwardly bent at an angle to the surface of said body, to form a rib integral therewith, and having its other lon gitudinal edge bent inwardly, laterally and outwardly to form a hook sectionedbeam or column member, the grooveformed by the hook section thereof being wide enough to permit the insertion of a rib similar to that integral with the opposite edge of said unit, in a direction transversal of the surface of said web body, the outwardly directed portion of said member having its free edge spaced from the plane of the outer surface the surface of of said web body a distance substantially corresponding to the thickness of said web body,

' gitudinal edge bent inwardly, laterally and outwardly to form a hook sectioned beam or column member adapted to interlock with the rib member of an adjoining similar unit, said rib and member being provided with column member the. groove formed bythe hooksection thereof being wide enough to permit the insertion of? arrib similar to that integral with the opposite edgeof said unit,

said web body, said rib and 7 member being provided with; aligned openings; permitting the insertionof binding bars therethrough.

5. A construction of the character described, comprising aplurality of units,eachunit including a web body having one of its ,longitudinal edges inwardly bent at an angle to" the surface of said body, to form a rib integral therewith, and having itsother longitudinal edge bent inwardly, laterally and outwardly to form-a hook sectioned beam or column member, the rib of. one unit being insertable within the groove formed within the beam or. column member of an adjoining unit, so as toxform aninterlocking joint therewith, andbinding bars running through said interlockingribsand members, along a direction'parallel tothe outersurface formed by the web bodies of said units. V

6. In a construction of the character described, a corner-comprising two units arranged at right angle to each other, each unit including a web body having one of its longitudinal edges bent at right angle inward ly, laterally and outwardly so as to forma hook sectioned column -member, the outer corner edge of one of said column members abutting against the outer corner edge of the in a directiontransversal of the'surface of other, and a corner lOCkingmember comprising a web body portion having a right angled section, and a rib inwardly bent at right angle to the surface of said body portion at each longitudinal edge thereof, said ribs beinginsertable within, and being adapted to interlock with the column member of the adjoining units.

7. In a construction of the character described, a corner comprising two units arranged at right angle to each other, each unit including a web body havingone of its longitudinal edges bent at right angle inwardly,

laterally and outwardly so as to form a hook sectloned column member, the outer corner edge of one of said column members abuttmg j against the outer corner edge of the other,

a corner locking member comprising a web body portion having a right angled section, and a rib inwardly bent at right angle to the surface of said body portion at each longitudinal edge thereof,said ribs being insertable within, and being adapted to interlock with the column member of the adjoining units, and binding bars running through said interlocking ribs ,andmembers.

8. Ina construction of the Character described, a cornercomprising two units arranged at right angle toeach' other, each unit including a web body having one of its longitudinal edges bent at right angle inwardly, laterally and outwardly so as to form ahook sectioned column member, and outer corner edge of one of said column members abutting against the outer corner edge ofthe other, a corner locking member comprising a web body portion having a right'angled section,.and a rib inwardly bent atrightangle to the surface ofsaid body portion at each longitudinal edge thereof, said ribs being insertable Within, and being adapted to interlock with the column member of the-adjoining units, binding bars running through said interlocking ribs and members, and a body of cementitious material fillingthechamber formed by the side surfaces of said "column members and by the inner surfaces of said corner locking member.

9. Ina construction of the character de ing joint therewith, -theend units ofsaid twowalls being arrangedat right angle to each other and having the outer corner edges of their respective column members abutting against each other, acorner locking member comprising a web body portion having a right scribed, two-wallsat right angle to each other,

each wallj'icomprising a plurality of units,

each'unitincluding'aweb body having one of its longitudinal edges-inwardly bent at an angle to the surface of said body, to form a rib integral therewith, and having its other longitudinal edge bent inwardly, laterally and outwardly to form a hook sectioned column member, the rib of one unit being insertable within the groove formed within the column member of an adjoining unit, in. a direction transversal of the surface of said web body, so as to form an interlocking joint therewith, the end units of said two walls being arranged atright angle to each other and having the outer corner edges of their respective column r members abutting against each other, and a corner locking member comprising a web body portion having a right angled section,and a rib inwardly bent at right angle to the surface of said body portion at each longitudinal edge thereof, said ribs being insertaole within, and being adapted to interlock with the column member of the adjoining units,-

10. In a construction of the character described, two walls; at right angle to each other, each wall comprising a plurality of units, each unit including a web body having one of its longitudinal edges inwardly bent at an angle to the surface of said body, to a form a rib integral therewith, and having its other longitudinal edge bent inwardly, lat- 7 erally and outwardly to form a hook sectioned column member, the" rib of one unit being insertable within the groove formedwithin the column member of an adjoining unit, in a direction transversal of the surface of said web body, so flStOzfQIlIl an interlock- CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,757,763. Granted May 6, 1930, to

PAUL BETZLER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: In the grant and in the heading to the printed specification the residence of the patentee is erroneously given as "Jackson, New York", whereas said residence should have been given as "Jackson Heights, New York"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of June, A. D. 1930.

M. J. Moore,

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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