US1379880A - Dental handpiece - Google Patents

Description

C. C.. SEABORN.

DENTAL HANDPIECE.` APPLICATION FILED IuLY I5. I9zo.

vPatented May'31, 1921.'

c1' c. sEAo'RN.' DENTAL .HANnPlEcL i APPLICATION FILED JULYVIxQ'lfQi-mf "Patgnfa May- 31,1921,

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ammiro@ intenso.

cHAiaLns c. sEABoRN, or PORTLAND, OREGON.

DENTAL HANDPIECE.

' Appiication inea Juiy i5. i920'.

State of Oregon, have invented certaininew.

and useful Improvements in Dental Handpieces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hand pieces for dental engines, and the primary object .of this invention is to provide an improved hand piece which can be turned at any angle and automatically locked in adjusted posi tion against accidental displacement. l

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved dental liandpiece embodyr ing a -pair of sections, the parts of the sections being so connected that the same can be turned at any angle so that the drill, bur or the like can be positioned in various relations to the handle section of the hand piece, means being provided for permitting the drill bit, bur or the like, to be driven in all of its various positions.. .y

A further prime object ofthe invention is to provide an improved spring means for automatically locking the sectiony of the hand piece carrying the bit in any of its adjusted positions, so that accidental swinging movement thereof will be eliminated, the spring means being so arranged that the locking ofv the bit carrying section is automatic.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved dental hand piece including a novel means for holdingthev drill bit, burs and the like in correc t posi4 tion on the hand piece so as to permit theV convenient and easy removal thereof and to prevent the seeping of saliva or the like into the hand piece. ,Y

A still furtherobject of the invention is to provide an improved ,hand piece inclu'dl ing a novel means for. disconnecting and connecting of the driven shaft for the drill bit, bur and the like, from the drive shaft, when desired, thereby stopping the' rotation of the tool without necessitating'the turning olf of the power.

A still further object of theinvention isv to provide an improved hand piece for deI i-` tal engines of the above character, which isJ of exceptionally simple and durable construction, one that can be placed upon the market at a reasonable cost. Y

With these and other objects in view, the

specieation of Letterszratent. i Patented May 31, 1921 seriai No. 396,386. i v -i invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and formation of parts, as will lbe hereinafter more specifically described,

claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which drawings: 4 ,v f

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the improved hand piece, showing the bit carrying section thereof in parallel relation to -the lhandle. portion thereof and also showing one adjusted position .of the ybit carrying section in dotted lines. Fig. Q is a similar view showing the bit carrying section in another of itsY adjusted 4positionsy and showing it in its fourth and final adjusted position in dotted lines. l Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through Athe hand piece showing the novel type of spring employed for automatically locking the drill Abit carrying section of the hand piece in adjusted position. y Fig. 4 is a similar view showingthe position of the drill bit carrying section when the same is in one of its adjusted positions.

Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the same in another adjusted position, Fig. @is a similar view showing the same in its fourth and final position, and v Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken at rightaiigles to Figo.

Referring to the drawings4 in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several'views, the letter A ygenerally indicates the improved dental hand piece, which asshown includes the sectionslO and 11.

The section 10 constitu-tes the part for v ina-tes sliding movement of the Adriven shaft in relation thereto. The outer.. end ofthe driven shaft 13 carries thev cone shaped sleeve 16 and this sleeve is connected to the shaft in such ak manner thatV the same will The collar 15 engagesy ioovv freely rotate therewith. rljlhe opposite faces' Y of the sleeve arefprovided with longitudi-fk nal waysl for `the receptionv of the spring,v

arms 18 and the inner ends of the spring iio arms 18 are secured to the cone in any preferred manner against accidental displacement. The forward or outer end of the spring arms 18 are provided with right angular extensions 19 and these extensions 19 are adapted to t in an annular groove 2O formed in the shank 21 of the bur or drill bit. This provision of the spring arms permits the easy insertion or withdrawal of a bur or drill bit into or out of the hand piece. The meeting' terminals of the drill bit or bur and the driven shaft 13 are provided with intertting shoulders, so that the movement of the driven shaft will be transmitted to the drill bit or bur. The handle section 11 of the dental hand piece A is provided with a longitudinally extending bore 22 and this' bore rotatably receives the drive shaft 23. The forward end of the bore 22 is enlarged as at 24 and rotatably receives the collar 25, which is keyed or otherwise secured to the drive shaft Thus it 'limits the movement of the drive shaft in the bore. The outer end of the bore is also enlarged as at 26 and in this enlarged end is fitted the bearing 27 which rotatably carries the shaft section 23. rhis shaft section may be provided with the ordinary or any preferred type of coupling for connection with the usual flexible shaft of' .the dental engine (not shown). The meeting terminals of the drive shaft 23 and the shaft section 28 are provided with squared terminals 29 and 30 respectively and the squared section 30 carries a rigid clutch section 31 which is adapted to be engaged by a sliding clutch section 32 mounted on the squared end 29 of the drive shaft 23. This section is adapted to be moved by an operating rod 33, the inner end of which is provided with afyolre 34 which lits in an annular groove formed in the sliding clutch section. The outer end of the operating rod 33 is secured in any preferred manner as at 35 to an annular ring 36 slidably mounted on the section 11. The section 1.1 has its outer surface reduced to provide an abrupt shoulder 37 which limits the sliding movement of the annular ring 3G thereof. If so desired, the friction stop may be provided for locking the annular ring in adjusted position. 1t can be seen that by sliding the annular ring, the sliding clutch section 32 may be brought into or out of engagement with the shaft section 38 thereby cutting off the operation of the drill bit or bur 31 when so desired without necessitating the cutting off of the power of the dental engine. An expansion spring 38 is coiled around the squared portion 29 of the drive shaft23 and the terminals of this coil spring engage respectively the inner wall ofthe enlarged portion 26 of the bore 22 and against the inner face of the sliding clutch section 32 and normally tends to hold the sliding clutch section 32 in engagement with the rigid clutch section.

The meeting terminals of the sections 10 and 11 are provided respectively with substantially semi-cylindrical casings 39 and 40. The semi-cylindrical casing 39 has a relatively smaller diameter than the semi-cylindrical casing 4-0 and is adapted to be arranged within the same as will be hereinafter more specifically described. These sections 39 and 40 are further united by annular sections 41 and 42. These annular sections 41 and 42 are curved transversely to conform to the curvature of the semi-spherical housings 39 and 40 and are arranged between and intermediate the same. rllhese semi-spherical housings 39 and 40 and the annular rings 41 and 42 are connected t0- gether at their opposite sides by means of pivot pins 43. These sections or casings are adapted to snugly fit within one another so as to prevent the leakage of oil or lubricant from within the same and to exclude all moisture such as saliva and the like from the interior thereof. By the provision of the sections or casings 39 and 40 and the rings 41 and 42 the sections 10 and 11 may be swung at any angle in relation to each other and still. present a closed casing intermediate the same. The inner ends of the drive shaft 23 and the driven shaft 13 projects into the spherical housing formed by the casing or sections 39 and 40 and the rings 41 and 42 and these portions of the shaft are formed polygonal shaped in cross section and have slidably mounted thereon the gear wheels 44 and 45. The meeting faces of these gear wheels 44 and 45 are formed convex and toothed so that the same will be connected together for movement in all their various positions. The gears 44 and 45 are always held in intermeshing engagement by means of expansion springs 4G and 43 which are coiled around the portions of the shafts which are formed polygonal shaped in cross section and these springs bear against the outer faces of the gear wheels 44 and 45 and against the inner faces of the collars 15 and 25.

t can be seen that when the section 1() is moved at an angle in relation to the section 11 that the gears 44 and 45 will slide on their respective shafts, thus conforming to the shortening of the angle.

To hold the sections 10 and 11 in their various adjusted positions substantially semi-circular springs 49, 50 and 51 are provided. As stated, these springs are semicircular shaped and are of the leaf spring type and their central portions are provided with lugs 52 which are riveted or otherwise secured to various parts of the spherical housing. As shown the spring 49 is secured to the ring 4 1fs the spring 50 to the ring 42,

and the spring 51 to a semi-spherical casing or section 40.. When the section 10 is in alinement with the section 11, all ofthe springs tend to hold the sections in correct position against accidental displacement. Owing to the formation of the springs it can be seen that the opposite ends thereof will engage the inner faces of the sections 42, 41 andA 39. The section or ring 42 is provided at the central portions thereof with inwardly extending triangular shaped lugs 53 and the free terminals of the spring 51 is provided with outwardly extending lugs 54 which is adapted to engage at different times theopposite facesof the triangularly extending lugs. When the section 10 is in its alined position with the section 11, the lugs 54 will engage the upper faces of the lugs 53 but when the hand piece 11 is turned at a slight angle the lugs 53 will force the terminals of the spring outwardly, and thev terminals will then engage the lower faces of the lugs. This position is clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, and the movement of the section 42 is further limited by a stop lug 55, which is carried by the inner surface of the semi-cylindrical casing or section 40. The ring 41 has its inner face inclined toward the central portion thereof so as to provide inclined faces 56 and 57 and these faces are adapted to be engaged at di'erent times by the leaf spring 50 and it can be seen that when it is desired to further increase the angle of the section 10 in relation to the section 11 the spring 50 will be raised and the same will engage the inclined faces 57 of the section and thus'tend to hold the same in this position. The movement' of the section or ring 41 is further limited by means of a lug 58 which is carried by the inner face of the ring or section 42. When it is desired to swing the section 10 at right anglesy toV the section 11 the same is swung still far ther down which will move the semi-spherical casing or section 39 on its pivot and the same is held in its adjustedL position, as clearly shown in-Fig. 6 of the drawings, by means of the spring 49. This spring 49 has its terminals provided with a pair of angularly related bight portions 59 and 60 and these portions are adapted to engage respectively the angular related edges formed by the inclined faces 61' of the casing or section 39. The movement of this section or casing 39 is in turn limited by means of a lug 62 carried by the inner face of the ring or section 41.

It can thus be seen from the foregoing description that the section 10 can be turned at various angles in relation to the section 11 and held in any one of its adjusted positions and still permit of the driving of the drill bit or bearing.

As clearly Shore in the drawings, the

outer surface of the section 10 is provided with a hard rubber or suitable sleeve 63 and the inner end of the sleeve is provided with an annular iiange 64 which is adapted to engage the drill bit or bur and act to wholly prevent theentrance of saliva into the housas the usual type of universal joint or al spring coupling. v

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention; but, i

I claim:

1. A dental hand piece comprising a pair of sections,means hingedly connecting the sections together including a plurality .of collapsible leaves, a drive shaft carried by one'section, a driven shaft carried by the other section, and means operatively connecting the shafts together.

2. A hand piece for dental engines comprising a handle section, and a tool section, means hingedly connecting the sections together, including aV plurality of leaves, means automatically holding the leaves in various adjusted positions in relation to each other, and a drive and a driven shaft carried by the sections operatively 'connected to each other.

3. A hand piece for dental engines comprising a handle section and a tool section, means hingedly connecting the sections together so as to permit the same to swing in various angles in relation to each other including a plurality of leaves, means automatically'locking'the leaves to hold the sections in their various-adjusted positions, rigid stop members arranged to limit the movement of the leaves in relation to each other, a drive shaft 'carried by the handle section, a drivenshaft carried by the tool section, and means operatively connecting these ysections together.

4.A hand piece for dental engines comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, a. knuckle joint connecting the seca `novelmeans for contions together, said knuckle joint including a plurality of arcuate hingedly connected members, and locking springs arranged to engage the sections for holding the handle section and the tool section in adjusted positions in relation to each other.

5. A dental hand piece comprising a han-y ing the handle section and the tool receiving section` in various adjusted positions in relation to each other, and a drive and a driven shaft carried hy the sections connected together forsynchronous movement.

6. A dental hand piece comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, a lrnuclrle joint connecting the two sections together, said joint including a plurality 0f hingedly connected leaves, the leaves forming an inclosed spherical casing, spring means for automatically holding the sections in adjusted positions in relation to each other, a drive shaft carried by the handle secgion, a driven shaft carried by the tool receiving section, the inner portions of said shafts extending into the spherical casing formed by the hingedly connected leaves, said portions of the shaftsheing formed polygonal shaped in cross section, a pair of gear wheels slidahly mounted on the polygonal section of the shafts, the inner meeting faces of the gear wheels being convened, and spring means normally holding the gear wheels into intermcshing engagement.

7. A dental hand piece comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, the inner ends of the sections having substantially semi-spherical casings formed therein, a plurality of annular arcuate sections disposed intermediate the semi-spherical casing, means hingedly connecting the semispherical casing and the annular arcuately curved sections together, a stop lug carried by the semi-spherical casing formed on the handle section arranged to limit the swinging movement of one of the annular sections, stop lugs carried by the annular sections arranged to limit the swinging movement of one of the annular sections, and the semi-spherical casing carried by the tool receiving section, arcuately curved leaf springs carried by one of the semi-spherical casings and the annular sections arranged to engage the adjacent annular sections and one semi-spherical casing for normally holding the handle and the tool receiving sections against movement in all of their various adjusted positions, and a drive and driven shaft carried by the handle and tool receiving sections operatively connected together.

8. A casing for dental hand pieces comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, the inner ends of the sections having substantially semi-spherical casings formed thereon, a plurality of annular transversely arcuately curved sections disposed intermediate the casings, hingedly connecting the casings and the annular sections together, the inner faces of the sections and one of the semi-spherical casings having the opposite sides thereof inclined, arcuate leaf springs secured to one of the semi-spherical casings and the annular section, the springs heing adapted to engage the opposite inclined faces of the sections and the semi-spherical casing to hold the handle section and the tool receiving section in various adjusted position adjacent to each other and limiting stop memhers carried by one of the semi-spherical casings and the annular sections.

9. A dental hand piece comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, a knuckle joint connecting the sections together, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, means operatively connecting the shafts together, the drive shaft being formed into two sections, and a sliding clutch member arranged to connect and disconnect the sections of the drive shaft when so desired.

l0. A dental hand piece comprising a handle section and a tool receiving section, a knuckle joint hingedly connecting the sections together,l a drive shaft, and a driven shaft, means operatively connecting the shafts together` a cone member carried by the driven shaft, a pair of spring arms carried by the cone member, the spring arms having inwardly extending feet arranged to engage a drill hit to hold the same against displacement.

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