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US11801483B2 - Internal mixer - Google Patents

Internal mixer Download PDF

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Publication number
US11801483B2
US11801483B2 US16/966,495 US201816966495A US11801483B2 US 11801483 B2 US11801483 B2 US 11801483B2 US 201816966495 A US201816966495 A US 201816966495A US 11801483 B2 US11801483 B2 US 11801483B2
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
region
sub
rotor blade
main body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
US16/966,495
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English (en)
Other versions
US20210146321A1 (en
Inventor
Steffen Alfes
Petra Noelling
Maik Rinker
Harald Keuter
Markus Hesse
Andreas Limper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harburg Freudenberger Maschinebau GmbH
Harburg Freudenberger Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Harburg Freudenberger Maschinebau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to HARBURG-FREUDENBERGER MASCHINENBAU GMBH reassignment HARBURG-FREUDENBERGER MASCHINENBAU GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NOELLING, Petra, RINKER, MAIK, KEUTER, HARALD, HESSE, MARKUS, Alfes, Steffen, LIMPER, ANDREAS
Publication of US20210146321A1 publication Critical patent/US20210146321A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/707—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms the paddles co-operating, e.g. intermeshing, with elements on the receptacle wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7174—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pistons, plungers or syringes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/751—Discharging by opening a gate, e.g. using discharge paddles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
    • B29B7/06—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/10—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/18—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/183—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft having a casing closely surrounding the rotors, e.g. of Banbury type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
    • B29B7/06—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/10—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/18—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/183—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft having a casing closely surrounding the rotors, e.g. of Banbury type
    • B29B7/186—Rotors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
    • B29B7/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
    • B29B7/263—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors from the underside in mixers having more than one rotor and a a casing closely surrounding the rotors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal mixer, comprising a mixing chamber enclosed by a housing, a feeding neck in which a ram is guided, a closable discharge door, and an intermeshing rotor system, composed of a pair of rotors that can each be rotated about a rotor longitudinal axis, wherein each rotor comprises a rotor main body on which at least one respective rotor blade is arranged, and the rotor blades of the two rotors mesh with one another.
  • Mixers comprising rotors are known, which have rotor blades that are only tangential, and in which the material supplied via the feeding neck can be pulled very quickly and completely into the mixing chamber due to the large clearance between the rotors.
  • the mixers comprising tangential rotors ensure high throughput, however both the dispersion (disaggregating of the introduced solids) and the distribution (spreading of the substances on a macroscopic scale) are poor since the mixing action is only created between the rotor blade tips of the two rotors and the inner wall of the mixing chamber.
  • a mixing action arises both between the mixing chamber and the rotor blade tips, and between the rotor blade flanks when the rotor blades of the two rotors move toward one another, as well as between the rotor main bodies and the rotor blade tips themselves during engagement of the two rotors, whereby both the dispersion and the distribution of the fed materials are very good.
  • the charged materials are pulled in via the clearance between the rotors.
  • the initially very good dispersion behavior grows worse as a result of the materials that are already mixed in the mixing chamber, the viscosity of which decreases as a result of the mixing process and the resulting rising temperatures.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,559,418 discloses a trough mixer comprising intermeshing rotor blades, wherein each rotor main body is provided entirely, that is completely and over the entire axial length thereof, with rotor blades so that the blade tips of the one rotor only interact with blade regions of the second rotor, and not with the rotor main body.
  • the cooperation of the rotor blades and the resulting open regions cause the materials to be mixed to be forced in the axial direction, and causes a transfer of the materials to be mixed to the second rotor.
  • the trough mixer is not subject to any problems with respect to the pull-in behavior since the materials to be mixed are not pressed by the ram between the rotors, as is the case with a closed internal mixer, but float in the open trough on the rotors until they are pulled in between the rotors by the same. This results in considerably longer mixing times than with closed internal mixers.
  • the rotor main body in the case of at least one of the rotors, is non-cylindrical and has a non-circular cross-section, in the surface sections in which no rotor blades are arranged on the rotor main body, and which are located in the interaction region with the rotor blade tips of the second rotor, wherein non-cylindrical and non-circular denote an arbitrary envelope of the rotation main body in the interaction surface sections in which recesses are deliberately introduced in certain locations into the surface of the rotor main bodies or elevations applied onto the surface of the rotor main bodies.
  • the height of the clearance for the mixing run, as the materials are pulled in from the feeding neck can be influenced at least in sub-regions in one of the interaction regions, namely between the rotors, that is, between the rotor blade tip of the one rotor and the rotor main body of the second rotor.
  • the surface of the second rotor main body may recede, for example in regions, whereby larger open clearances are achieved in this region for the material that is introduced through the feeding neck, and thereby faster pull-in of the material is ensured.
  • Good dispersion is achieved by the regions between the rotor blade tip of the one rotor and the rotor main body of the second rotor, in which the surface of the second rotor main body does not recede, for example, but even protrudes.
  • a non-cylindrical sub-region of the rotor main body could be designed, for example, in a conically tapering manner. If the sub-region of the rotor main body were cylindrical, but had a non-circular cross-section, the recesses in the rotor main body could be designed to be recurring. Non-cylindrical and non-circular may then yield an arbitrary envelope of the rotor main body in the interaction surface segments in which no rotor blades are arranged on the rotor main body, in which recesses or elevations are deliberately introduced in certain locations into the surface of the rotor main bodies or applied onto the surface of the rotor main bodies. It is possible that not only the second rotor main body, but both rotor main bodies have a non-cylindrical design at least in sub-regions and a non-circular cross-section in the interaction region.
  • the distance between the rotor main body surface and the rotor longitudinal axis is different between at least two planes that are situated perpendicularly to the rotor longitudinal axis, the axial positions of which can be predefined, at least along a rotor main body circumferential segment.
  • a recess can be provided in a previously established location on one of the rotor main bodies on which no rotor blades are arranged. At this location, the clearance with respect to the rotor blade tips of the second rotor thereby increases, wherein the increased clearance helps to improve the material pull-in.
  • the differing distance can be provided in the radial and/or axial directions. In this way, it is achieved that the size of the above-described clearance and/or the axial position therefore can be influenced.
  • the clearance can change, for example along the length of the rolling region or interaction region, in a steadily increasing or decreasing manner, or progressively or degressively following a function.
  • Another advantage that results is that the burden on the dust seal acting between the end-face mixing chamber inner wall and the respective end face of the rotors is decreased.
  • a clearance that initially increases, for example toward one of the rotor ends, and then decreases causes at least one eccentric, larger clearance, and thus faster pull-in of the materials from the feeding neck.
  • the aforementioned sub-region may extend along the entire interaction region of the rotor main body on which no rotor blades are arranged, whereby overall action can be taken to improve pull-in, dispersion and distribution of the materials.
  • the at least one rotor comprises a centrally arranged, long rotor blade that extends along at least half the rotor length and is helically arranged on the rotor main body, as well as likewise helically designed, shorter rotor blades in the respective end regions of the rotor, for the pitch of one of the rotor blades to be in the opposite direction in relation to the pitch of the two other rotor blades, and for passages for material to be mixed to be provided between the free ends of the rotor blades.
  • elevations or recesses can be provided in every location of the interaction sub-regions of the rotor main body over which a rotor blade tip rolls.
  • FIG. 1 shows a representative illustration of an internal mixer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a rotor comprising rotor blades.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a rotor main body without rotor blades.
  • FIG. 4 shows two rotors according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail between the two rotors according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 A shows two perspectively illustrated rotors according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 B shows a detail of the interaction region shown in FIG. 6 A ;
  • FIGS. 7 A- 7 D show four snapshots of two rotors during an approximately 30° rotation, seen from FIG. 6 A in the direction of arrows D-D.
  • FIG. 8 shows the developed view of a rotor main body of a first rotor, including the roll areas or the rotor blade tips of a second rotor.
  • FIGS. 9 A- 9 D show four examples of a variation of the clearance contours.
  • FIG. 1 shows an internal mixer 1 according to the invention, comprising a housing 2 that encloses a mixing chamber 3 , and a feeding neck 4 including a ram 5 by way of which the mixing chamber 3 can be closed toward the top. Furthermore, a closable discharge door 6 is apparent, which is able to close the mixing chamber 3 toward the bottom, wherein the finished mixed product can be discharged from the mixing chamber 3 when the discharge door 6 is open.
  • two rotors 7 and 8 including the rotor main bodies 9 and 10 thereof and the rotor blades 11 and 12 , are apparent.
  • the rotor longitudinal axes 13 and 14 of the rotors 7 and 8 are located so closely together that the rotors 7 and 8 intermesh with the blades 11 and 12 thereof.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rotor 7 , ( 8 ) comprising the rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ) and the rotor blades 11 , ( 12 ), which end in the rotor blade tips 17 , ( 18 ).
  • the rotor longitudinal axis 13 , ( 14 ) is likewise hinted at.
  • the hinted-at two radii R 1 and R 2 the centers of which are arranged offset from the rotor longitudinal axis 13 , ( 14 ) by the magnitudes YR 1 -XR 1 and YR 2 -XR 2 , shows that the rotor 7 , ( 8 ) does not comprise a circular cylindrical main body, as is the case with rotors known to date, but that the rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ) can have an arbitrary envelope, wherein the radius RB is smaller, for example, in the locations in which no rotor blades 11 , ( 12 ) are provided than in the remaining regions of the rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ) so as to improve the pull-in behavior.
  • FIG. 3 shows, as a further example, the cross-section through a rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ), wherein the rotor longitudinal axis 13 , ( 14 ) and centers deviating therefrom are apparent for different radii Re 1 to Re 4 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of the rotors 7 and 8 , including the rotor main bodies 9 and 10 thereof and rotor blades 11 , 11 ′, 11 ′′ and 12 , 12 ′, 12 ′′.
  • the clearance between the rotor main body 10 and the rotor blade tip 17 ′′ in the axial direction and in the direction of rotation is larger in a center region 15 than in the edge region 16 .
  • the clearance increasing from the edge region 16 to the center region 15 , it is achieved that the material to be mixed, after having been pulled from the feeding neck 4 and distributed in the mixing chamber 3 , can flow in the direction toward the center region 15 , where more space is available for the material. This improves the distribution of the material.
  • particularly good dispersion work is achieved in the small clearance in the edge region 16 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of FIG. 4 .
  • the rotation main bodies 9 and 10 are apparent here.
  • the clearance is considerably smaller in the edge region 16 than toward the rotor center 15 .
  • one of the dust seals 21 at the end of the rotor is shown.
  • FIG. 6 A similarly to FIG. 4 , shows a perspective illustration of two rotors 7 , 8 of a rotor pair.
  • elevations 19 , 20 according to the invention are shown both on the rotor main body 9 of the rotor 7 and on the rotor main body 10 of the rotor 8 , the rotor main bodies 9 , 10 not being cylindrical and having non-circular cross-sections in the region of the elevations.
  • FIG. 6 B shows the interaction region 88 in which the rotor blade 12 meets with the elevation 19 , wherein it is apparent that the radial distance of the rotor blade tip 18 decreases toward the elevation 19 in the direction of rotation of the rotors.
  • FIG. 7 shows four snapshots of two rotors according to the invention during an approximately 30° rotation of the rotors.
  • the changes in the clearance during a quasi rolling process between the blade tip 18 of the rotor 8 toward the rotor main body 9 of the rotor 7 are apparent.
  • FIG. 7 A shows a large clearance Ca at the start at 0°.
  • the clearance C after 8° according to FIG. 7 B is already smaller, and decreases over FIG. 7 c at 20°, until the clearance at the end of Ce at 30° according to FIG. 7 D is almost no longer apparent.
  • FIG. 8 shows the development of a rotor 7 , ( 8 ), wherein rotor blades 11 , ( 12 ); 11 ′, ( 12 ′); 11 ′′, ( 12 ′′) are apparent on the rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ).
  • An interaction region 88 , ( 89 ) between the meshing two rotors 7 , 8 is: (i) defined by the sub-region surface section 19 , ( 20 ) of the rotor main body 9 , ( 10 ) and the rotor blade tip 18 , ( 17 ) of the rotor main body 10 , ( 9 ) during an interaction length, and (ii) bounded by the first transition 88 A, ( 89 A) and the second transition 88 B, ( 89 B).
  • the interaction length LR extends from one end 18 X, ( 17 X) of the rotor blade tip 18 , ( 17 ) to an opposing end 18 Y, ( 17 Y) of the rotor blade tip 18 , ( 17 ).
  • the shown length B corresponds to the radian of the rotor blade tips 18 , ( 17 ); 18 ′, ( 17 ′); 18 ′′, ( 17 ′′).
  • FIG. 9 shows four examples as to how the clearance contour changes with different changes of the recesses/elevations that result according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 A shows the clearance contour with a linearly decreasing recess.
  • Ca represents the clearance width at the start of the interaction between the rotor blade tip of the one rotor and the rotor main body of the other rotor.
  • Ce represents the clearance width at the end of the interaction, while B shows the radian of the blade tip, which corresponds to the interaction length perpendicularly to the rotor longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 9 B the depth of the recess changes in a non-linear manner. Two different examples for this non-linearity are indicated.
  • FIG. 9 C shows the recess again in a linear manner, or shows a linear elevation at the rotor main body.
  • FIG. 9 D shows two examples of a non-linear elevation of the rotor main body.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
US16/966,495 2018-01-31 2018-11-29 Internal mixer Active US11801483B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018201482.5A DE102018201482A1 (de) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Innenmischer
DE102018201482.5 2018-01-31
PCT/EP2018/082918 WO2019149404A1 (de) 2018-01-31 2018-11-29 Innenmischer

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US20210146321A1 US20210146321A1 (en) 2021-05-20
US11801483B2 true US11801483B2 (en) 2023-10-31

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US (1) US11801483B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3746278B1 (de)
DE (1) DE102018201482A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2019149404A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018201482A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 Harburg-Freudenberger Maschinenbau Gmbh Innenmischer
CN112405923B (zh) * 2020-10-29 2022-02-01 安徽新亚特电缆集团有限公司 一种环保型电力电缆的制备方法
EP4000838B1 (de) * 2020-11-20 2024-04-17 Farrel Limited Rotor für innenchargenmischer, innenchargenmischer, und darauf bezogenes computerprogramm
CN113146876A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-23 安徽瑞弗新材料有限公司 一种密炼机的液压式卸料门机构
CN114248360A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-29 青岛科技大学 一种高流动性密炼机啮合型转子结构
DE102022117107A1 (de) 2022-07-08 2024-01-11 Harburg-Freudenberger Maschinenbau Gmbh Mischer für die Polymerverarbeitung und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Mischers

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US1200070A (en) 1916-01-13 1916-10-03 Birmingham Iron Foundry Machine for treating rubber and other heavy plastic material.
US1936248A (en) 1931-03-07 1933-11-21 Baker Perkins Co Inc Mixing machine
US2559418A (en) * 1948-01-30 1951-07-03 Patterson Foundry & Machine Co Kneading apparatus
US2922377A (en) * 1957-09-26 1960-01-26 Joseph E Whitfield Multiple arc generated rotors having diagonally directed fluid discharge flow
US3468518A (en) * 1967-05-03 1969-09-23 Werner & Pfleiderer Kneading and mixing device for processing material in pasty condition
US3490750A (en) * 1967-12-18 1970-01-20 Teledyne Inc High intensity mixing machine
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US20210146321A1 (en) 2021-05-20
WO2019149404A1 (de) 2019-08-08
DE102018201482A1 (de) 2019-08-01
EP3746278A1 (de) 2020-12-09
EP3746278B1 (de) 2022-04-20

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