US1097594A - Loop for transferring liquids. - Google Patents

Description

A. G. PAUL LOOP FOR. TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 10, 1912.

1,097,594. Patented May19,1914. 2 SHEETS-BIHEIBT 1.

' ATTORN J A. G. PAUL. LOOP F03 TRANSFERRINQ LIQUIDS, APPLICATION IILEJ) Av'jm, 1912,.

.'2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

. Patented May 19, 1914.

"leesthsn from the tank 1 up to the pipe 6 if sufiicient water should accumulate in the tank 1 and the pipe 2 to form such a solid column of water. nore than one cross-over pip: is used the lowest crossrovernpipe shouldv placed at such a point as to secure this re sult. 7 is a check valve placed in the cross over pipe 6 desi d to prevent any backflow, from the discharge 1 to the supply 1e 8 is a receiver in the. ischarge leg, or with which the discharge leg is connected and into. which the discharge leg opens.

in my ordinary way with thereceiver 8 to iiuignate what the water level is In said receiver. 12 is an escape pipe leading from tho upperend of the loop and provided with an automatic escape valve or automatic va ve 13. This valve 13 may be an ordinary milomatic valve which will permit the escape of waterand air while preventing the escape of steam, or it may be a safety valve winch will open at a given or predetermined pressure and let anything out so as to pre vent the increase of any pressure above the desired point at the upper end ofthe. loop. The pipe 12 preferably leads down to the basemmtor to some suitable point where the escaping fluids can be conveniently discharged. 14 is an escape pipe similar to the pipe 12, leading from the upper end of the receiver 8 and provided with an automatic escapevalve, or an automatic air valve 15 simi ar to the valve 13.

The rationof this apparatus is as 'follows:, e will'assume that it is being used in a cam heating system, in which case the pipe" .1 is the return pipe for the water-of condensation leading from the tail end of the system, or from anyother point from which the system may be drained. When the system is started or put intooperation, the tank 1 and the pipe 2 are likely to he .full of cold water, or a sufiicient quantity of sctjcellv cold water is likely to flow to the nlr l to fill it and the adjoining pipes. In

order to discharge this water it must be raisedby boiler prcmure up to the level of the cross'pi e 6. If the pressure which is grried in-t e boiler is say five pounds, the

was-over ipe should be 1placed at a point abpve 1 tank 1. The pi; e in. p e eading to the tank 1 will substant al .ythe same as that in the boiler to substantially equal to live This pressure will force the water 'or wasteful.

mm the tank 1 in a solid column up tothe crossover pipe 6 and through that pipe mto the discharge leg 4 and into the receiver 8.

At this time, that is, at the beginning of the? operation of the system, the pressure in the receiver 8 will be atmospheric so that there will be no pressure in that receiver to oppose the lifting of the water. As soon as the water has been discharged from the tank 1, or the column of solid Water in the supply leg 3 has been broken, the steam or air or gas from the heating system will flow up through the, pipe 3 and, by reason of its velocity, will carry along with it globules or particles ofw'ater from the tank 1 up to the top of the loop or through the crosspipc 6 and over into the disc arge leg 4, and hence into the receiver 8. At the same time the pressure of five pounds will extend intothe discharge leg of: the loop and will be exerted on top of the voter in the receiver.

When the water in the receiver or in the discharge leg, has risen toa suilicient height to overcome the resistance of the pipe 9 and the check valve and tljieipressurc in the boiler, the water will he disch urged from the receiver 8 into the boiler, andthis discharge will continue until the Waterin the receiver 8 has fallen to such a level. that the water column is no longer great enough to overcome frictional resistance of the pipe ll; and the check valve 10, together with the boiler pressure and the check valve will then close, and will remain closed until the water in the receiver has again risen high enough to open the check valve, when the operat on will be repeated.

It is an important feature of the invention to have the receiver 8 of horizontal cross sectional area ccmsidemhly larger than that of the supply leg. This helps to prevent the flooding of the loop by a sudden outflow of water from the system. It happens every now and then in every heating system that i there is an unusual rush of water of condensatlon lnto the tank I and into the loop. If the receiver 8 were not used the discharge leg would be certain at such times to be entirely filled to the top of the loop and the supply leg would likewise be filled, or the.

supply leg and discharge leg would be filled up to the point to which the pressure in the system. would raise the water. If the loop becomes full. for any cause its operation ceases because the flow of steam or air or gas is cut off, and consequently no water can becarried up by an outflowing current, and thrv loop is put out of action. The only way in which the loop could then be cleared would be by blowing the water out into the atmosphere. This would require av manipulation of the system that would be very inconvenient and troublesome as well as expensive The system would not clear itself of water automatically. By using the and the operation of the loss is co oansss the loop from becoming full or choked with Water. Consequently pressure from the sys tem extends ihrough the loop at. all. limes No Water is iliscllargotl into e ho the Water in she reservoi 8 rises to the proper level, but as soon us fihis happens the check valve in ipe 9 is opened and. the Water is discharged into the ooilcr and continues to discharge until the Water in the reservoir has fallen to the minimum le el. During all this time the check valve is fully open. When the check valve clo es open it therefore remains open for a much longer time than would he the case if the receiver 8 were not used. If the discharge leg no receiver on it the. water would rise in the clischarge leg until there was a suhioiont Water columsz to open the check valve, then water would be discharged into the boiler until tho water in. the discharge leg fell to the minimum level. But this would happen very quickly and but a. small quantity of Water would be discharged into the boiler iinithe interval. T16 check valve 10 would remain open but a short time. It would be opening and closing not only intermittently bus frequently, and Ellis constant opening and closing would reoluce she actual volume of flow through it very materially. When she receiver is usecl, as soon as the Water has risen in it to the maximum level the check valve 10 is opened Wide, and there is a continuous fiow through it until the water has fallen in the receiver to the minimum level. This flow is enough lo take care of and dis-- charge possible volume of Water that car. he carried over by the loop, so that the check valve and its pipe 3., when used with. the receiver, has capacity sufilcienc at any lime to handle any amount of Water that is brought; overuby the aclior. of the loop. It is essential to this operation that the receiver 8 should be placed at the proper elevasion, to wit, a6; such a polar; chat the level to which the water muss rise in the vlischarge leg in order to cause a discharge into the boiler, shall be below the top of receiver, and that the level to which the Water must fall in orcler to cause the check valve '10 to he closecl must loo above the loostom. of the receiver. In other words, the maximum level of the Water that is necessary to open the checlr. valve, and the minimum levcl of the Wa-teu alwhich the check valve cios-eu, muss laoih be within the receiver ilself or at some L; 1 point between Jhe sop and borom of we receiver. I K

In Fig. l, 16 represents the level av; winch the W ater oolumn will open the check valve an! iicgio to discharge mto tho and il iveproscuts sbhe level at which aim check valve will be closed and the LllSCl'LSTgQ stoppecl. Some advantagewould be secured by placing the receiver above-the level 16 as it would still act as a reservoir to prevent, or help to prevent, the flooding of loop, but to scours she full advantage of the ceiver lb m l' he olacecl in the position pro viously ihccl.

If at M 1 time while the system is in operation accumulates in the iank 1 so rapidly tom ilk! tank becomes full of water so as to suspend the action of the loop, the pressure tho Lop of the loop will rapidly fall by reason of the condensation of the steam and by reason of the. fact that the automatic air valve '13 will open when the flow through the loop ceases. The pressure at the upper part of the loo will thereby be rapidly reduced to atniosp eric pressure. In this way a dillereutial pressure will be cslablishecl between the pipe 2 or tank 1, arlclthe upper end of the loop, which ill cause tho Water to he lifted om of tin.- look 1 in a solio column up to {she cross-over pipe 6, and will cause it to flow through hut crossover pipe into the discharge leg 4 until she solid Water column in the pipe 2-; will be against broken when the operoiior or the loop v ll reslablishcd. 'lhus vhooevcr su'ilicieni; "-rvater collects in the tank 1 during the operation of the sstcm to fill it full of solid Water, the loop will clear itself automatically anrl will again. begin to o erate in the manner explained above. The sysicm is thus kept in cool mus and autonmiic operation, and the -r is contlmiously dischar od from the tank L) high temgicrotm'es and with. great rcsulring economy.

In all loops previously known to me the cold that collected in the loop at the over the. top of the loop or through the cross-pipe 6 at vcry" plained, the solid water is discharged intov the boiler automatic-ally both when the :3 tem is first pol? into operation and at any time during the operation of the. system. when such solid body of water accumulates therein.

Fig. 2 my invention is shown embodied in a steam heating system. 18 is the boiler. 19 represents tho level of the water i i. she bo ler. from system. 21 is the supply pipe leading to the radiators 5:2, 22'. Gilly 'bwo radiators are shown, but as many rwiatorsmay be used.-

20 is the supply main leadingdome of the boiler to the heating as desired. 23, :23 are ordinary hand supform shown in 1 except that the opera- .ply valves in the supply branches leading to tion is materially improved by the use of a each radiator. 24, 24 are return valves of plurality of crossover pipes, and also by any suitable construction' 25 is the return connecting the tank or reservoir 31 directly main through which the water of condense with the boiler. The water flowing from the 70 tion flows from the system. 26, 26 are check heating system through the pipes 25 and 41, valves placed in short branches oi the return. first accumulates in the pipe 31, and lithe pipe leading from the sgiarate radiato ps to water column in thatp1pe is of suflicient the return pipe '2? is a drip pipe cad height to overcome the bo1ler ressure, or

, lug from the base of the supply pipe 'Q-Lto the difference between the bol er ressure 75 the horizontal pipe 28 which is connected and the ressure in the pipes 25 an 41, the with the boiler below the water level and water w' lflow directly into the boiler withthrough which the water of condensation reout passing over the-loop. But if this difceived froni the various parts of the system ferential becomes greater the water will be is returned ,to the boiler. 29 is a check valve carried over the loop in the manner already a in the pipe 27. 30 represents a drip pipe explained in connection with Fig. 1. There leading from some other part of the heating is a marked advantage in" havmg several system and. connecting with the pipe 27. crossover pipes. When the water accumu- 31 is a vertical pipe of relatively large di lates in the reservoir 31 at the of ameter wliicl'.. a'ct s as a tank or reservoir to the operation or during the operation, the a receive the water of condensation from the pressure which is back of it in the heating return pipe 25. The pipe 31 empties into system will force it up through the supply the pipe 528. is a check valve placed in leg 33 to the first crossover pipe and possi ly the pipe 284.;to prevent any back flow from higher than that. The water'will-be forced the bo ler'into the pipe 83 is the supply up very quickly, and it may not esca 9 y leg' of the loop. 3 1 is thedischarge leg of through the first crossover pipe as rapi y the loop. In this form of the invention the as it rises up in the supply leg. The-second entire discharge leg is made larger in cliamecrosspipe w ich is placed, say twenty seven ter than the supply leg, being represented inches above the first, will operate as an adin the apparatus shown in Fig. 2 as having (litional channel of escape for this solid a diameter of about three times that of the water from the supply leg to the discharge supply leg. 35 is a pipe connecting the leg. It is important to have the solid water two legs 01 the loop at or near their upper discharged from the supply leg to the dis ends. 36, 36 are crossover pipes connectcharge leg rapidly as possible so as to p 35 ing the supply leg with the discharge leg establish and bring into action the current 190 at different points or levels shown. In of steam oI air or gas in the supplyleg the particular construction illustrated in which serves to carry the water up over the .Fig. 2, two of these crossover pipes are used, top of the loop. The additional crosspipes but it will be apparent that a larger number aid in accomplishing this result. If the 40 may be employed if necessary. These crosspressure in the reservoir 31 is sufficient to 105 over pipes are provided with check .valves lift the water as high as the second or third 37, 37 to prevent back flow into the "supply crosspipe, the flow from the supply leg to leg. The discharge leg is connected: at its the discharge leg will be all the morerapid, lower end with the pipe 28. It is also proand the supply leg will be freed from the vided near its lower end with check valve solid column of water in shorter time. 110

38. I The supply leg 33 projects down into Water tends to flow in straight lines, and if j the reservoir 31' to a point on a level with. there is suilicient pressure in the reservoir or below the bottom of the horizontal por ill to lift the water up to the second crosstion of the pipe 25. 39 is an escape pipe pipe, the chances are that the water will connected with the upper end of the loop to rise, at least for a time, in the supply leg as 15 permit the escape of air and, gas. It is pro high as the second. crosspipe, and an apprevided at its upperend with the automatic ciable amount of time would be consumed escape valve or automatic air valve it) which in its discharge through the lowest crossmay be of any desired construction. I prepipe if that were the only one. Butjhis for to use a valve which will permit the esdischarge is made much more rapid b the j.

cape of air and gas but prevent the escape use of a number of crossover pi es. f the of steam; The cscapepipe 39 is provided at so ply leg 33 becomes filled with a solid its lower end with a check valve 43. 41 co umn of water for some distance above its H represents a return pipe coming from some lower end, the steam in the 11 per part of the so other part of the system and emptying into loop will be condensed, there y reducin the up thepipe 25. 42 is an ordinary han valve pressure. The Water in the leg 33 will t erei or gate valve in the pipe EZSfhy means of fore he lifted to a point corresponding to the which that pipe may be closed. difference between the pressure "in the pipe The operation of this form of my inven- 25, and the pressure in the top of the lobp.

tion is substantially the same as that of the This will raise the water in the leg 33 high 139 upwardly for a. su 'cient distance to providethe some as the pressure in the return pipe 25, whi ch'is nearly the some as the pressure in the boiler. This pressure Will operate on top of the water column in the discharge leg to aid' in discharging the water into the boiler.

The discharge le of the loop must extend for a Water column that will be high enough, under any circumstances, to overcome any boiler pressure that may be used in the system.

Important advantages are secured by my invention. Whenever Water accumulates, or ten'dsto accumulate,- at the tail end of the s stein, it is at once carried over into the discharge leg of the loop until a sutiicient column of water is produced therein to cause the Water to be fed into the boiler. This is done automatically and by u very simple and inexpensive apparatus. The water is discharged into the boiler as soon as it accumulats in any substantial quantity, and it is therefore fed into the boiler While it is still hot thereb economizing in the use of heat. The fioo ing of the apparatus is prevented. It is never necessary to blow' the water out into the atmosphere either when the systemv is first put into operation or ut any time when, for one reason or another, there has been an unusually large flow of water to the loop.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In u. loop for transferring liquids, the combination of a. supply log, a discharge log, a connecting pipe at or near the lop of the legs, mid across-over pipe connecting the legs at a lower point. v

2. In a loop for transferring liquids, the combination of a supply log, a discharge leg,

4: connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a cr0ss-pipe connecting the legs at u lower"point, and a check valve in the cross-over pipe.

3. In a loop for transferring liquids, the combination of a supply leg, a discharge leg, a: connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a plurality of crossover pipes connecting the legs at diil'erentdevels. I

4. In a loop for transferring liquids, the combination of a supply leg, a discharge log, a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, u plurality of cross-over pipes connectlIlg'tllO legs at different levels. and check valves in the cross-over pipes.

5. In a loop for transferring liquids, the

combination of a supply leg, at discharge leg, a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, on automatic escape velve near the top of the loop to reduce the pressure at that point, and a cross-over pipe connecting the legs at a lower point.

6. In :1 loop for transferring liquids. the combination of :1 supply leg, a discharge. leg, a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, an automatic air valve near the top of the loop,'nnd uv crossover pipe connecting the legs at a lower point.

7. The combination with a boiler of a loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler, consisting of a supply leg, :1 discharge leg connected with the boiler, a connecting. pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a crossover pipe connecting the legs at a lower point.

8. The combination with a boiler of a loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler, consisting of a supply leg, a discharge leg connected with the boiler. a connccting pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a crossover pipe connecting the legs at e lower point, and a check valve in the cross-over pipe.

9. The combination with a boiler of a loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler, consisting" of a supply leg, :1 discharge leg connected with the boiler. a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a plurality of crossover pipes connecting the legs at different levels.

10. The combination with a boiler of a loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler. consisting of :1 supply log, a discharge leg connected with the boiler, a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, a. plurality of cross-over pipes connecting the legs at different. levels. and check valves in the crossover pipes.

ll. The combination with u boiler of a, loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler, consisting of u supply leg. :1 dischurg'e leg connected with the boiler. 21 connectingpipe at or ncnr the top of the legs, a cross-over pipe connecting the legs at a lower point, a check valve in the cross-over pipe. and an automatic valve near the top of the loop.

12. The combination with a boiler of a loop for feeding condensed liquid to the boiler, consist-i t' a supply leg, 2 discharge leg cow led with the boiler of larger cross-sectional area than the supply leg, :1 connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, and a crossover pipe connecting tbe lcgs at a lower point. end :1 check valve in the cross-over pipe.

l3. The (unnbinution with a steam boiler of a loop for feeding water of condensation to the boiler, consisting of a supply leg, a discharge leg, connected with the receiver. 'a.

connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, a cross-over pipe connecting the legs at a lower level, a check valve in the cross-- over pipe, and a receiver of. large cross-sectional area into which the discharge leg opens, the receiver being connected with the boiler.

14. The combination with a steam boiler of a loop for feeding water of condensation to the boiler, oonsistin of a supply leg,'a discharge leg connecte with the receiver, a connecting pipe at or near the top of the legs, a cross-over pipe connecting the legs at a lower level, a check valve in the cross over pipe, and a receiver of large cross-seet-ional area into which the discharge leg opens, the receiver being connected. with the boiler and being so arranged as to extend from the level at which the water begins to ANDREW G. PAUL.

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