TWI836788B - Pet聚酯材料 - Google Patents
Pet聚酯材料 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI836788B TWI836788B TW111147912A TW111147912A TWI836788B TW I836788 B TWI836788 B TW I836788B TW 111147912 A TW111147912 A TW 111147912A TW 111147912 A TW111147912 A TW 111147912A TW I836788 B TWI836788 B TW I836788B
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- polyester material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003484 crystal nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical class [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical class [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKIBJOMJPMLJTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octacosanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O YKIBJOMJPMLJTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005177 Duracon® POM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005680 ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 MGMXGCZJYUCMGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
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- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
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- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
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- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
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- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
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Abstract
一種PET聚酯材料,包括聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)樹脂、晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料。無機補強材料包括滑石粉、硫酸鈣晶須、硫酸鎂晶須、玻璃纖維或其組合,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,無機補強材料的添加量為5重量%至15重量%。
Description
本發明是有關於一種聚酯材料,且特別是有關於一種可於低溫下射出成型且可耐熱的PET聚脂材料。
淨零碳排是各國家與品牌近期努力的方向與目標。使得未來市場逐漸導向循環經濟與塑料回收再利用的趨勢,於此市場潮流下,產品單一材質化及回收材料導入為未來發展重要目標。回收材料導入係在機械性能與加工性不受影響的前提下,導入環保再生材料,將有助於達到全球減塑節能的目標;而產品單一材質則是將產品的使用材料單一化,在產品達使用壽命時,可直接回收再製,避免不同材料間的混合導致回收性不佳。
以衣服及背包為例,衣服及背包之布料為聚酯材料(例如是聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)),但扣具或拉鍊則為聚甲醛(polyoxymethylene,POM)材料或尼龍(nylon)材料,這些產品於廢棄後僅能焚毀或人工拆卸各材料後再行回收,於窗簾等應用亦面臨相同問題。
為實現產品單一材質化,可將POM材料或尼龍材料等扣具或週邊配件置換為PET材料。然而,未經改質之PET材料,結晶速度慢、耐熱性不足、摩擦係數大,使其不易直接用於POM、尼龍等產品的射出取代。再者,PET材料的耐熱提升需透過結晶,現況PET材料要達到結晶耐熱需透過高模溫(高於120℃)或二次高溫結晶製程,其製程限定、能耗大且成型週期長。
本發明提供一種PET聚酯材料,可於低模溫射出成型,並具有高耐熱性的優勢。
本發明的PET聚酯材料,包括聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)樹脂、晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料。無機補強材料包括滑石粉、硫酸鈣晶須、硫酸鎂晶須、玻璃纖維或其組合,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,無機補強材料的添加量為5重量%至15重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,以上述的PET聚酯材料的總重量計,無機補強材料的添加量為10重量%至15重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的PET樹脂包括原生粒、環保回收粒或其組合,且PET樹脂的固有黏度(intrinsic viscosity,IV)為0.60至0.92。
在本發明的一實施例中,以上述的PET聚酯材料的總重量為計,PET樹脂的添加量為72重量%至89重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的晶核劑包括有機晶核劑、無機晶核劑或其組合,且以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,晶核劑的添加量為2重量%至10重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的有機晶核劑包括有機鈉鹽類,所述有機鈉鹽類包括苯甲酸鈉、硬脂酸鈉、褐煤酸鈉或乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物之鈉鹽(EMAA-Na)。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的無機晶核劑包括無機微奈米粉體,所述無機微奈米粉體包括滑石粉、鈦白粉、二氧化矽或碳酸鈣。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的的滑劑包括硬脂酸鹽類、聚乙烯蠟、矽氧烷改質物或氟系樹脂,且以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,滑劑的添加量為0.1重量%至2重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的抗氧化劑包括受阻酚系抗氧化劑、酚類抗氧化劑、混合型抗氧化劑、亞磷酸酯系抗氧化劑、複合型抗氧化劑或其組合,且以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,抗氧化劑的添加量為0.1重量%至1重量%。
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的PET聚酯材料於模具溫度80℃至90℃射出成型。
基於上述,本發明的PET聚酯材料是透過於PET樹脂中導入晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料來進行改質。其中,晶核劑與無機補強材料可提升PET材料的結晶固化速度並有效提升其耐熱性。滑劑可降低PET材料的表面摩擦係數以提升產品的耐磨特性。抗氧化劑可提升PET材料的耐熱與加工性。如此一來,本發明的PET聚酯材料能夠有效地改善現有PET材料結晶慢、耐熱不足問題,達成可於低模溫下射出成型且可耐熱的PET聚脂材料。
以下,將詳細描述本發明的實施例。然而,這些實施例為例示性,且本發明揭露不限於此。
在本文中,由「一數值至另一數值」表示的範圍,是一種避免在說明書中一一列舉該範圍中的所有數值的概要性表示方式。因此,某一特定數值範圍的記載,涵蓋該數值範圍內的任意數值以及由該數值範圍內的任意數值界定出的較小數值範圍,如同在說明書中說明文寫出該任意數值和該較小數值範圍一樣。
在本發明中,PET聚酯材料包括聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)樹脂、晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料。具體來說,PET聚酯材料是透過於PET樹脂中導入適量的晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料來進行改質。在一些實施例中,相較於未改質的PET聚酯材料需透過高模溫(高於120℃)或二次結晶製程使射出成型的成品達到耐熱特性,經改質的PET聚酯材料(即本發明的PET聚酯材料)具有較佳的耐熱性,因此可於低模溫下(80℃至90℃)射出成型,進而可應用於耐溫需求的拉鍊、扣具、窗簾部件、餐具等,但不以此為限。以下,將對上述各種組分進行詳細說明。
聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯( PET )樹脂
在本實施例中,PET樹脂可包括原生粒(virgin resin)、環保回收粒(PCR resin)或其組合。環保回收粒的來源可包括瓶用回收粒、膜材回收粒、織物回收粒、工業回收環保再生聚酯粒(例如是離型膜等)或其他PET製品等,以實現回收材料導入之需求,但不以此為限。
具體來說,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,PET樹脂的添加量可例如是72重量%至89重量%,但不以此為限。在本發明的實施例中,使用的PET樹脂的固有黏度(intrinsic viscosity,IV)可例如是0.60至0.92,較佳可例如是0.68至0.84,但不以此為限。當PET樹脂的固有黏度小於0.60時,PET樹脂之衝擊強度可能過低,使其射出成品容易具有強度不足、脆化的現象。當PET樹脂的固有黏度大於0.92時,PET樹脂的黏度可能過高,造成流動性不佳,將不易應用於射出加工成型。
晶核劑
在本實施例中,晶核劑可包括有機晶核劑、無機晶核劑或其共混物。有機晶核劑可包括有機鈉鹽類,例如是苯甲酸鈉(Sodium Benzoate)、硬脂酸鈉(sodium stearate)、褐煤酸鈉(sodium salt of montanic acids)或乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物之鈉鹽(sodium salt of ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer,EMAA-Na),但不以此為限。無機晶核劑可包括無機微奈米粉體,例如是滑石粉(粒徑(D50)小於2微米)、鈦白粉、二氧化矽或碳酸鈣,但不以此為限。導入晶核劑可提升PET材料的結晶固化速度並有效提升其收縮率,進而提升其加工性。在本實施例中,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,晶核劑的添加量可例如是2重量%至10重量%,較佳可例如是5重量%至8重量%,但不以此為限。當晶核劑的添加量少於2重量%時,對於PET結晶固化速度提升效果可能不顯著。當晶核劑的添加量大於10重量%時,晶核速度提升可能已達極限,過量添加將使成本提升、材料脆化。再者,當晶核劑的添加量為5重量%至8%時,材料可具備較平衡之機械物性(衝擊強度)及結晶速度。
滑劑
在本實施例中,滑劑可包括硬脂酸鹽類(例如是硬脂酸鋅、硬脂酸鈉、硬脂酸鈣等)、聚乙烯蠟(聚乙烯蠟本身已是具體的化合物)、矽氧烷改質物(例如是siloxane)或氟系樹脂(例如是PEFE)。導入滑劑可降低PET材料的表面摩擦係數,進而提升產品的耐磨特性。在本實施例中,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,滑劑的添加量可例如是0.1重量%至2重量%,較佳可例如是0.5重量%至1重量%,但不以此為限。當滑劑的添加量小於0.1重量%,可能會使得降低摩擦係數的效果不佳,對於PET耐磨改善效果不顯著;當滑劑的添加量大於2重量%,可能造成材料流動性過高,射出時易發生溢料且條件不易控制,再者,過量的滑劑添加,亦可能造成材料脆化,使衝擊強度下降。
抗氧化劑
在本實施例中,抗氧化劑可包括受阻酚系抗氧化劑(例如是AO-1010、AO-1076、AO-1315等)、混合型抗氧化劑(例如是B225、B215、B220、B911等)、亞磷酸酯系抗氧化劑(例如是AO-168、AO-618、TNPP等)、複合型抗氧化劑或其組合。抗氧化劑可提升材料的耐熱與加工性。在本實施例中,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,抗氧化劑的添加量例如是0.1重量%至1重量%,較佳可例如是0.3重量%至0.6重量%,但不以此為限。當抗氧化劑的添加量小於0.1重量%,對PET材料於高溫加工時的耐熱效果改善不顯著,且材料易有黃化現象;當抗氧化劑的添加量大於1重量%,改善效果可能達極限。再者,過量添加將可能導致成本增加。
無機補強材料
在本實施例中,無機補強材料可包括滑石粉(粒徑(D50)大於2微米)、硫酸鈣晶須、硫酸鎂晶須、玻璃纖維或其共混物,但不以此為限。導入無機補強材料可提升PET材料的結晶固化速度並有效提升其耐熱性,進而提升其加工性。在本實施例中,以PET聚酯材料的總重量計,無機補強材料的添加量可例如是5重量%至15重量%,較佳可例如是10重量%至15重量%,但不以此為限。當無機補強材料的添加量少於5重量%時,對於PET材料的結晶固化速度與耐熱性的提升之效果可能不顯著。當無機補強材料的添加量大於15重量%時,PET材料的結晶固化速度與耐熱性的提升可能已達極限。再者。當無機補強材料的添加量為10重量%至15重量%時,可具有更均衡的機械性能及低模溫射出加工下具耐熱性的優異效果。
在本發明的實施例中,PET聚酯材料的改質過程可包括但不限於以下步驟。首先,將PET樹脂、晶核劑、抗氧化劑以及滑劑在主進料溫度230℃至250℃加入押出機,無機補強材料則由側邊進料於溫度250℃至275℃加入押出機。樹酯材料於螺桿溫度260℃至280℃的熔融段發生熔化,並與晶核劑、抗氧化劑、滑劑、無機補強材料等改質劑進行充分混練。之後,在真空溫度245℃至265℃,以真空低壓方式移除水氣、低分子寡聚物,即可製成本發明的PET聚酯材料。
在形成PET聚酯材料後,可透過射出成型製程等加工方式來獲得最終成品。在一些實施例中,將本發明的PET聚酯材料加工成PET聚酯成品可包括但不限於以下步驟。首先,將本發明的PET聚酯材料置於140℃至160℃下乾燥4小時,藉此去除其中的水分,確保材料射出成型加工性及成品的機械物性。接著。將乾燥後的PET聚酯材料置於螺桿溫度250℃至285℃的射出機中進行射出成型,並將射出的模具溫度控制於80℃至90℃。至此,已完成PET聚酯成品。
以下,藉由實驗例來詳細說明上述本發明的PET聚酯材料。然而,下述實驗例並非用以限制本發明。
實驗例
為了證明本發明所提出的PET聚酯材料具有優異的機械物性,更可進一步具有良好的耐磨性能,以下特別作此實驗例。
試驗樣品
試驗樣品分別為POM材料(參考例)、一般PET材料(比較例1)、晶核改質不含無機補強材料的PET材料(比較例2)以及晶核改質且添加無機補強材料的PET材料(實例,即本發明的PET聚酯材料)。其中,POM材料為寶理塑料公司Duracon M90。一般PET材料為南亞塑膠工業股份有限公司生產之寶特瓶回收粒,型號為380R。晶核改質不含無機補強材料的PET材料的組成包括:380R,並添加晶核劑(有機晶核劑與無機晶核劑,比例為1:1,添加量為5重量%)、滑劑(硬脂酸鹽,添加量為0.5重量%)以及抗氧化劑(混合型抗氧化劑B225添加量為0.5重量%)。晶核改質含有無機補強材料的PET材料的組成包括:380R,並添加晶核劑(有機晶核劑與無機晶核劑,比例為1:1,添加量為8重量%)、滑劑(硬脂酸鹽,添加量為0.5重量%)、抗氧化劑(混合型抗氧化劑B225添加量為0.5重量%)以及無機補強材料(玻璃纖維,添加量為15重量%)。PET聚酯材料製造方法可參考上文說明。
測試方法
衝擊強度:依據ASTM D256標準進行測試,所得數值(kg-cm/cm)為試驗樣品在破斷時所能承受的總能量,數值越高代表該試驗樣品可承受之衝擊強度(或試驗樣品的抵抗強度)越高。
拉伸強度:依據ASTM D638標準進行測試。所得數值為試驗樣品抗拉伸變形所能承受的總能量,數值越高代表該試驗樣品可承受之抗拉強度越高。
彎曲強度:依據ASTM D790標準進行測試。所得數值為試驗樣品抗彎曲變形的能力,數值越高代表該試驗樣品可承受之彎曲強度越高。
彎曲模數:依據ASTM D790標準進行測試。所得數值為試驗樣品抗彎曲變形的總能量,數值越高代表該試驗樣品之剛性越高。
耐熱性:依據ASTM D648標準進行測試。所得數值為試驗樣品對於熱變形的抵抗能力,數值越高代表該試驗樣品之耐熱性越高。
動/靜摩擦係數:依據ASTM D1894標準進行測試。摩擦係數指兩固體表面之間的摩擦力與正向壓力之比值。摩擦係數越高表示物體滑動時所受的阻力越大。
磨耗損失重:H-22輪,荷重1kg,2000次。先測量樣品的初始重量,接著以荷重1公斤的H-22輪,重複於樣品上滾動2000次後測量樣品的剩餘重量,初始重量與剩餘重量的差值即為該樣品的磨耗損失重,數值越低表示耐磨性越佳。
結果
請參考以下表1。由耐熱性分析可知,相較於未改質PET材料(比較例1)與僅加入晶核劑但不含無機補強材料改質的PET材料(比較例2),在模溫為90℃時,本發明的PET聚酯材料(實例)的耐熱溫度可達92℃,優於未改質PET材料(比較例1)的耐熱溫度65℃與僅加入晶核劑但不含無機補強材料改質的PET材料(比較例2)的耐熱溫度70℃;在模溫為140℃時,本發明的PET聚酯材料(實例)的耐熱溫度可達153℃,優於僅加入晶核劑但不含無機補強材料改質的PET材料(比較例2)的耐熱溫度102℃,而未改質PET(比較例1)於模溫140℃加工會發生材料沾黏模具,無法加工的問題。上述結果顯示,透過加入無機補強材料,本發明的PET聚酯材料(實例)可於低模溫(模溫為90℃)下加工即具有良好的耐熱性。
此外,由機械物性分析可知,相較於未改質PET材料(比較例1)與僅加入晶核劑但不含無機補強材料改質的PET材料(比較例2),本發明的PET聚酯材料(實例)具有較佳拉伸強度、彎曲強度以及彎曲模數,代表本發明的PET聚酯材料更利於應用在拉鍊、窗簾部件等需抗拉、抗彎曲的產品。
表
1
參考例 | 比較例1 | 比較例2 | 實例 | ||
POM材料 | 一般 PET材料 | 晶核改質 不含無機補強材料 PET材料 | 晶核改質 添加無機補強材料 PET材料 | ||
機械 物性 | 衝擊強度 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 |
拉伸強度 (MPa) | 63.0 | 58.7 | 63.8 | 66.8 | |
彎曲強度 (MPa) | 88.0 | 86.8 | 96.2 | 99.1 | |
彎曲模數 (MPa) | 2550 | 2350 | 2650 | 3160 | |
耐熱性 (模溫90℃) | 100 | 65 | 70 | 92 | |
耐熱性 (模溫140℃) | - | 無法加工 | 102 | 153 | |
靜/動 摩擦係數 | 0.37 / 0.32 | 0.48/0.40 | 0.40 / 0.34 | 0.41 / 0.35 | |
磨耗損失量(mg) | 444.6 | 368.4 | 298.6 | 306.2 |
綜上所述,本發明的PET聚酯材料是透過於PET樹脂中導入晶核劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑以及無機補強材料來進行改質。其中,晶核劑與無機補強材料可提升PET材料的結晶固化速度並有效提升其耐熱性,滑劑可降低PET材料的表面摩擦係數以提升產品的耐磨特性,且抗氧化劑可提升PET材料的耐熱與加工性。如此一來,本發明的PET聚酯材料能有效地改善現有PET材料結晶慢、耐熱不足問題,並達成可於低模溫下射出成型且具高耐熱性的PET聚脂材料,可應用於耐溫需求之拉鍊、扣具、窗簾部件、餐具等,實現單一材質化之目標。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
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Claims (8)
- 一種PET聚酯材料,包括:聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)樹脂;晶核劑,包括有機鈉鹽類、無機微奈米粉體或其組合,且以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述晶核劑的添加量為2重量%至10重量%;滑劑,包括硬脂酸鹽類、聚乙烯蠟、矽氧烷改質物或氟系樹脂,且以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述滑劑的添加量為0.1重量%至2重量%;抗氧化劑;以及無機補強材料,包括滑石粉、硫酸鈣晶須、硫酸鎂晶須、玻璃纖維或其組合,其中以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述無機補強材料的添加量為5重量%至15重量%。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述無機補強材料的添加量為10重量%至15重量%。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中所述PET樹脂包括原生粒、環保回收粒或其組合,且所述PET樹脂的固有黏度為0.60至0.92。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述PET樹脂的添加量為72重量%至89重量%。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中所述有機鈉鹽類包括苯甲酸鈉、硬脂酸鈉、褐煤酸鈉或乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物之鈉鹽。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中所述無機微奈米粉體包括滑石粉、鈦白粉、二氧化矽或碳酸鈣。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中所述抗氧化劑包括受阻酚系抗氧化劑、酚類抗氧化劑、混合型抗氧化劑、亞磷酸酯系抗氧化劑、複合型抗氧化劑或其組合,且以所述PET聚酯材料的總重量計,所述抗氧化劑的添加量為0.1重量%至1重量%。
- 如請求項1所述的PET聚酯材料,其中所述PET聚酯材料於模具溫度80℃至90℃射出成型。
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CN202310021566.1A CN118185247A (zh) | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-07 | Pet聚酯材料 |
US18/188,477 US20240199797A1 (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-23 | Pet polyester material |
JP2023072258A JP2024085362A (ja) | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-26 | ポリエチレンテレフタレートポリエステル材料 |
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CN101875761A (zh) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-11-03 | 深圳市科聚新材料有限公司 | 一种阻燃增强pet材料及其制备方法 |
CN102712118A (zh) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-10-03 | Seb公司 | Pet热塑性聚合物制品,以及这种制品的制作方法 |
CN104817833A (zh) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-05 | 广东威林工程塑料有限公司 | 一种具有驱蚊效果的pet复合材料 |
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CN102712118A (zh) * | 2009-10-30 | 2012-10-03 | Seb公司 | Pet热塑性聚合物制品,以及这种制品的制作方法 |
CN101875761A (zh) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-11-03 | 深圳市科聚新材料有限公司 | 一种阻燃增强pet材料及其制备方法 |
CN104817833A (zh) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-05 | 广东威林工程塑料有限公司 | 一种具有驱蚊效果的pet复合材料 |
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