TWI847076B - 透氣防水膜 - Google Patents
透氣防水膜 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI847076B TWI847076B TW110145710A TW110145710A TWI847076B TW I847076 B TWI847076 B TW I847076B TW 110145710 A TW110145710 A TW 110145710A TW 110145710 A TW110145710 A TW 110145710A TW I847076 B TWI847076 B TW I847076B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
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Abstract
本揭露內容提供一種透氣防水膜，包括基布以及配置於基布上的奈米纖維層，其中形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括第一添加劑和第二添加劑。第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂。
Description
本揭露內容是關於一種透氣防水膜，且特別是關於一種具有奈米纖維的透氣防水膜。
近年來，紡織技術在發展上除了外觀方面的設計需求，也將科技導入以強化衣著的機能性。透氣防水織物做為一種機能性織物，可以在穿著時釋放人體表面的水分，並且阻擋外部環境的水分進入織物內，從而廣泛地應用於戶外休閒衣物中。然而，習知透氣防水織物仍具有缺乏可撓性和透氣性不佳的問題。因此，如何提供織物的高防水性，並且使織物同時具有良好的可撓性與透氣性，是機能性織物的亟需發展重點之一。
本揭露提供一種透氣防水膜，其可應用於織物上，以提供織物高透氣性、高防水性和高可撓性。
根據本揭露一些實施方式，一種透氣防水膜包括基布以及配置於基布上的奈米纖維層，其中形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括第一添加劑以及第二添加劑。第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，每100重量份的電紡液包括0.5重量份至1.5重量份的全氟聚醚。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，每100體積份的電紡液包括10體積份至20體積份的第二添加劑。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，第一添加劑包括5重量份至15重量份的耐隆共聚物以及85重量份至95重量份的醇類。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，耐隆共聚物對醇類的溶解度是介於5 wt%至15 wt%間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，耐隆共聚物包括共聚醯胺和烷氧基改性耐隆46/66共聚物的共聚體。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，第二添加劑對醇類的溶解度是介於0.5 vol%至20 vol%間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，基布的材料是耐隆、聚丙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚酯或其組合。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層是由無針式靜電紡絲製程形成於基布上。
在本揭露一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層具有平均孔徑介於100奈米至1000奈米間。
根據本揭露上述實施方式，本揭露的透氣防水膜包括奈米纖維層，且形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括第一添加劑和第二添加劑，其中第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂。因此，本揭露的透氣防水膜具有良好的透氣性、防水性和可撓性，從而可應用於透氣防水織物的相關領域。
為了實現提及主題的不同特徵，以下揭露內容提供了許多不同的實施方式。以下描述材料、數值、配置等的具體示例以簡化本揭露。當然，這些僅僅是示例，而不是限制性的。
本揭露內容提供一種透氣防水膜，其包括基布和配置於基布上的奈米纖維層。用於形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括第一添加劑和第二添加劑，其中第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂(perfluoropolyether-modified polysilazane resin)。由於形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得電紡液所形成的奈米纖維層具有良好的空氣穿透性和疏水性，並且具有高纖維強力和高纖維伸長率。因此，本揭露的透氣防水膜具有良好的透氣性、防水性和可撓性。
根據本揭露的一些實施方式，提供一種透氣防水膜，其包括基布和配置於基布上的奈米纖維層。具體而言，透過使用電紡液的靜電紡絲製程將奈米纖維配置於基布的表面上，使得交錯排列的奈米纖維形成奈米纖維層，從而提供透氣防水膜的良好透氣性、防水性和可撓性。更具體而言，形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括第一添加劑和第二添加劑，其中第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，使得電紡液具有好的可紡性。另一方面，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得奈米纖維層具有高疏水性、纖維強力和纖維伸長率。
在一些實施方式中，第一添加劑中的耐隆共聚物可以用於形成奈米纖維層中的奈米纖維的基質材料。當具有高耐磨性的耐隆共聚物做為奈米纖維的基質材料時，奈米纖維層可以具有良好的耐磨能力，使得透氣防水膜適用於戶外機能服飾。在一些實施方式中，第一添加劑中的醇類做為溶劑，使得電紡液可以適用於例如無針式靜電紡絲的靜電紡絲製程，從而得以在基布上快速紡絲形成奈米纖維層。舉例而言，第一添加劑中的醇類可以是乙醇。此外，第一添加劑中的醇類也具有易揮發性、低毒性和低腐蝕性等優勢，使得電紡液可以具有環境友善性。
在一些實施方式中，電紡液中的第一添加劑可以包括適量的耐隆共聚物和醇類，使得電紡液具有好的可紡性。舉例而言，第一添加劑可以包括5重量份至15重量份的耐隆共聚物以及85重量份至95重量份的醇類，從而可以使
用電紡液通過靜電紡絲製程製得具有極細纖維細度的奈米纖維，並且將奈米纖維配置成具有適當孔徑的奈米纖維層。由於電紡液所形成的奈米纖維層具有極細纖維細度和適當孔徑，使得奈米纖維層可以具有良好的空氣穿透性。在一些實施方式中，第一添加劑中的耐隆共聚物可以對醇類具有良好的溶解度，使得其容易形成均勻的第一添加劑。舉例而言，耐隆共聚物對醇類的溶解度可以介於5wt%至15wt%間。在一些實施方式中，耐隆共聚物可以包括共聚醯胺和烷氧基改性耐隆46/66共聚物的共聚體，使得耐隆共聚物容易溶於醇類中，從而提供電紡液好的可紡性。
在一些實施方式中，第二添加劑中的聚矽氮烷樹脂和經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂可以用於對奈米纖維層進行疏水改性，使得透氣防水膜具有良好的防水性。具體而言，經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂是藉由使用全氟聚醚對聚矽氮烷樹脂進行改性而得，故聚矽氮烷樹脂和經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂具有相同的聚合物主鏈。由於聚矽氮烷樹脂和上述經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂皆具有疏水性，故可對電紡形成的奈米纖維進行疏水改性，從而提供奈米纖維層高疏水性，並從而提供透氣防水膜良好的防水性。進一步地說，當第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂時，可以提供奈米纖維層額外的優勢。舉例而言，第二添加劑可以增加奈米纖維的纖維強力和纖維伸長率，使得奈米纖維層具有良好的可撓性，從而可以提升透氣防水膜的可撓性及可加工性。此外，第二添加劑可以降低電紡液在靜電紡絲製程中的沾黏
現象，使得電紡液不易凝膠化，從而提高電紡液的可紡性與透氣防水膜的生產效率。
在一些實施方式中，電紡液中的第二添加劑可以包括適量的聚矽氮烷樹脂和經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得電紡液整體包括適量的全氟聚醚，從而提供奈米纖維層良好的防水性和可撓性。舉例而言，可以先混合全氟聚醚和聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得部分的聚矽氮烷樹脂經由全氟聚醚改性，從而形成包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂的第二添加劑。接著將第二添加劑與第一添加劑混合形成電紡液，使得每100重量份的電紡液包括0.5重量份至1.5重量份的全氟聚醚。若每100重量份的電紡液包括大於1.5重量份的全氟聚醚，可能降低奈米纖維層對基布的貼合性或者降低奈米纖維層的孔徑，從而影響透氣防水膜的耐水洗性或透氣性；若每100重量份的電紡液包括小於0.5重量份的全氟聚醚，可能不足以提供奈米纖維層的防水性、纖維強力和纖維伸長率。在一些實施方式中，第二添加劑可以對第一添加劑中的醇類具有良好的溶解度，使得第二添加劑可以與第一添加劑形成均勻的電紡液。舉例而言，第二添加劑對第一添加劑中的醇類的溶解度可以介於0.5vol%至20vol%間，從而提供電紡液好的可紡性。
在一些實施方式中，形成奈米纖維層的電紡液可以包括適量的第二添加劑，使得電紡液所形成的奈米纖維層具有足夠高的防水性、纖維強力和纖維伸長率。舉例而言，每100體積份的電紡液可以包括10體積份至20體積份的
第二添加劑。在一實施方式中，每100體積份的電紡液可以包括80體積份至90體積份的第一添加劑和10體積份至20體積份的第二添加劑，從而提供奈米纖維層良好的空氣穿透性、防水性和可撓性。
如上所述，使用包括第一添加劑和第二添加劑的電紡液形成奈米纖維層可以為透氣防水膜提供優勢。在一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層可以具有良好的防水性，使得透氣防水膜具有高的耐水壓值和高的水滴接觸角。舉例而言，透氣防水膜的耐水壓值可以介於4000毫米水柱至22000毫米水柱間，而透氣防水膜的水滴接觸角可以介於130°至150°間。在一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層可以具有極細纖維細度和適當的孔徑，使得透氣防水膜具有良好的透氣性。舉例而言，奈米纖維層中的奈米纖維的平均纖維細度可以介於100奈米至500奈米間，並且奈米纖維層可以具有平均孔徑介於100奈米至1000奈米間，從而提供奈米纖維層良好的空氣穿透性。在一些實施方式中，透氣防水膜的透氣度可以介於0.6cfm(cubic feet per minute)至10cfm間。
在一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層可以具有高的纖維強力和高的纖維伸長率，從而奈米纖維層可以適形於多種基布並使得透氣防水膜具有良好的可撓性。舉例而言，奈米纖維層的纖維強力可以介於0.1kgf至1kgf間，而奈米纖維層的纖維伸長率可以介於20%至130%間。在一些實施方式中，透氣防水膜的基布可以是織物或不織布，且
其材料可以是耐隆、聚丙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚酯或其組合。由於奈米纖維層可以設置於多種基布上，使得透氣防水膜得以應用於各種穿戴型服飾上(例如戶外休閒服飾)。在一些實施方式中，奈米纖維層可以具有低基重，使得透氣防水膜具有良好的柔軟性。舉例而言，奈米纖維層的基重可以介於3gsm(gram per square meter)至20gsm間，從而增加透氣防水膜的穿戴舒適度。在一些較佳的實施方式中，奈米纖維層的基重可以介於5gsm至20gsm間。
在以下敘述中，將針對本揭露的透氣防水膜進行各種測量和評估，以具體地描述本揭露內容的功效。首先，依據下方表一的成分及含量製備各比較例及各實施例的電紡液，再透過相同的靜電紡絲製程在耐隆基布上形成相同厚度的奈米纖維層，從而得到各比較例的耐隆膜及各實施例的透氣防水膜，其中第一添加劑、第二添加劑的種類和性質如先前內容所述。
接著，針對各比較例的耐隆膜和各實施例的透氣防水膜進行防水性評估。具體而言，使用標準方法CNS 10460 L3201測量各比較例和各實施例的耐水壓值，以及使用顯微鏡觀察各比較例和各實施例的水滴接觸角。另外，針對各比較例的耐隆膜和各實施例的透氣防水膜進行透氣性評估。具體而言，使用標準方法ASTM D737測量各比較例和各實施例的透氣度。各比較例和各實施例的測量結果如表二所示。
另一方面，針對各比較例和各實施例的奈米纖維層進行可撓性評估。具體而言，使用標準方法ASTM D5035測量各比較例和各實施例的奈米纖維層的纖維強力及纖維伸長率。各比較例和各實施例的測量結果如表二所示。
如表二所示，用於形成比較例1的電紡液不包括第二添加劑，使得比較例1的耐隆膜無法測得其耐水壓值，並且具有極低的水滴接觸角，表示比較例1不具有防水效果。相似地，用於形成比較例2的電紡液不包括經全氟聚
醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得比較例2的耐隆膜具有較低的耐水壓值和水滴接觸角。相對地，實施例1和實施例2的透氣防水膜具有明顯較高的耐水壓值和水滴接觸角，表示包括經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂的電紡液可以提供透氣防水膜良好的防水性。另外，實施例1和實施例2的透氣防水膜的透氣度皆高於1.0cfm，表示其具有非常良好的透氣性，因此能達到工業需求並可適用在各種機能性服飾上。
另一方面，用於形成比較例1的電紡液不包括第二添加劑，使得比較例1的奈米纖維層具有低可撓性，從而無法測得其纖維強力和纖維伸長率。進一步而言，實施例1和實施例2與比較例2相比，實施例1和實施例2奈米纖維層具有較高的纖維強力和纖維伸長率。因此，包括經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂的電紡液可以提供奈米纖維層高纖維強力和高纖維伸長率，使得透氣防水膜具有良好的可撓性。
根據本揭露上述實施方式，本揭露的透氣防水膜包括基布和奈米纖維層，其中形成奈米纖維層的電紡液包括適量的第一添加劑和第二添加劑。由於第一添加劑包括耐隆共聚物和醇類，使得電紡液形成的奈米纖維層具有高透氣性。另外，第二添加劑包括聚矽氮烷樹脂和經全氟聚醚改性的經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，使得奈米纖維層具有高防水性、高纖維強力和高纖維伸長率。因此，本揭露的透氣防水膜可以兼具良好的透氣性、防水性和可撓性，從而提升
透氣防水膜的應用性。
前面概述一些實施方式的特徵，使得本領域技術人員可更好地理解本揭露的觀點。本領域技術人員應該理解，他們可以容易地使用本揭露作為設計或修改其他製程和結構的基礎，以實現相同的目的和/或實現與本文介紹之實施方式相同的優點。本領域技術人員還應該理解，這樣的等同構造不脫離本揭露的精神和範圍，並且在不脫離本揭露的精神和範圍的情況下，可以進行各種改變、替換和變更。
Claims (10)
- 一種透氣防水膜，包括：一基布；以及一奈米纖維層，配置於所述基布上，其中形成所述奈米纖維層的一電紡液包括：一第一添加劑，所述第一添加劑包括一耐隆共聚物和一醇類；以及一第二添加劑，所述第二添加劑包括一聚矽氮烷樹脂和經一全氟聚醚進行疏水改性的一經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂，其中所述聚矽氮烷樹脂和所述經改性聚矽氮烷樹脂具有相同的聚合物主鏈。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中每100重量份的所述電紡液包括0.5重量份至1.5重量份的所述全氟聚醚。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中每100體積份的所述電紡液包括10體積份至20體積份的所述第二添加劑。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述第一添加劑包括5重量份至15重量份的所述耐隆共聚物以及85重量份至95重量份的所述醇類。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述耐隆共聚物對所述醇類的溶解度是介於5wt%至15wt%間。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述耐隆共聚物包括共聚醯胺和烷氧基改性耐隆46/66共聚物的共聚體。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述第二添加劑對所述醇類的溶解度是介於0.5vol%至20vol%間。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述基布的材料是耐隆、聚丙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚酯或其組合。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述奈米纖維層是由無針式靜電紡絲製程形成於所述基布上。
- 如請求項1所述的透氣防水膜，其中所述奈米纖維層具有平均孔徑介於100奈米至1000奈米間。
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| TWI615442B (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2018-02-21 | 信越化學工業股份有限公司 | 全氟聚醚改性聚矽氮烷及其製造方法、表面處理劑以及以該表面處理劑處理的物品 |
| CN107587268A (zh) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-01-16 | 东华大学 | 一种环保溶剂型静电纺防水透湿膜的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4194593A1 (en) | 2023-06-14 |
| US12012682B2 (en) | 2024-06-18 |
| CN116238226A (zh) | 2023-06-09 |
| US20230175179A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
| TW202323032A (zh) | 2023-06-16 |
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