TWI773305B - Environmental protection fuel and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An environmental protection fuel and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The present disclosure uses waste edible oil to produce wax through purification, saponification, and acid treatment. Then the purified waste edible oil is mixed with alcohol and the wax to form the environmental protection fuel with excellent calorific value. In addition, a surface of the environmental protection fuel is coated with the wax made from waste edible oil, which can effectively seal the volatile components in the environmental protection fuel, so that the environmental protection fuel of the present disclosure have excellent portability and durability. Moreover, burned embers can also be mixed with amino acids made from animal hair to form organic fertilizers to achieve almost zero pollution recycling effects.

Description

Manufacturing process of environmentally friendly fuel and its products

The present invention relates to a manufacturing process of an environmentally friendly fuel and a product thereof, in particular to a solid environmentally friendly fuel made from waste edible oil.

The recycling and reprocessing of waste cooking oil is an issue that is very important to environmental protection and food safety, and the common method of recycling is to filter and purify waste cooking oil, and then make biodiesel, such as US Patent Publication No. No. US20140318631A1, "Methods and systems for converting food waste oil into biodiesel fuel", has disclosed a mobile reactor that can be transported to a supplier or refinery of fresh cooking oil to convert waste or substandard cooking oil into biodiesel fuel The technical means of diesel fuel is to use alcohol to facilitate transesterification reaction, and catalyze it with one or more acids or bases to make biodiesel; The method for preparing solid alcohol as a raw material", it has been disclosed that by pre-treating waste cooking oil, then obtaining saponification by salting out, and mixing it with ethanol to obtain low-cost solid alcohol fuel, and at the same time, it can effectively recycle waste cooking oil, preventing It flows into the table again and causes secondary pollution.

Although the aforementioned U.S. and Chinese patent cases have proposed the reuse of waste cooking oil, however, the U.S. case and the Chinese case each face the inconvenience of carrying liquids and the volatilization of ethanol in the case of long-term storage, resulting in the failure of solid fuels Therefore, how to effectively remake waste cooking oil into a solid and environmentally friendly fuel that is easy to carry, while taking into account the characteristics of good preservation, is a problem to be solved.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has improved the reuse of waste edible oil based on years of experience in related industries; therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly fuel manufacturing process and its products.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention first purifies waste edible oil to obtain a purified oil, then conducts a saponification reaction of the purified oil to obtain a saponified product, and reacts the saponified product with a strong acid solution to make a waxy substance, and uses the saponification The product, alcohols, and an excipient are used to make a flammable mixture, and purified oil, alcohols, and wax are used to make a combustion mixture, which is further shaped into an environmentally friendly fuel with a flammable part and a combustion part, and the ignition part is And the surface of the burning part is covered with wax, so that the volatile components in the environmentally friendly fuel are not easily leaked, so that it has excellent portability and preservation characteristics. In addition, the embers after the burning of the environmentally friendly material of the present invention can be mixed with animal hair. The prepared hair amino acid further forms an environmentally friendly fertilizer to achieve the effect of 100% complete utilization of waste cooking oil.

In order to enable your examiners to clearly understand the purpose, technical features and effects of the present invention, the following descriptions are combined with diagrams for illustration, please refer to.

Please refer to "Figure 1", which is a flow chart of the method of the present invention (1). As shown in the figure, the process of the present invention for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste oil includes a purification step S1, a saponification step S2, and a waxy The generation step S3, a combustion part generation step S4, and a casing generation step S5, each step is described in detail below: (1) Purification step S1: waste edible oil will be decolorized and deodorized by using activated clay to reclaim waste edible oil, then filter to remove impurities and waste residue, preferably, add an appropriate amount according to the acid value of waste edible oil A strong alkali solution, such as sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, adjust the acid value of the waste cooking oil to a pH value of 6~8, which is close to neutral, and heat the waste cooking oil to a temperature higher than the boiling point in the environment, so that the waste cooking oil can be eaten The water in the oil is removed to facilitate the subsequent reaction process steps, and the waste edible oil is purified to generate a purified oil after the purification step S1; (2) a saponification step S2: carry out saponification reaction with purified oil and a strong base solution prepared by a strong base, to generate a saponification product, the saponification product comprises a fatty acid salt and a glycerol, wherein, the strong base solution is It can be one of the aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and concentrated ammonia water or a combination thereof. Anyone who can perform saponification reaction with purified oil can be implemented, but not limited to this. In addition, please refer to "Figure 2" , is the method flow chart (2) of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the optional saponification reaction may further comprise a salting-out step S21, which is to separate the fatty acid salt and glycerol of the saponification product by using saturated brine, and the saponification product can be separated from the glycerol. The glycerin and unreacted strong alkali solution are removed; (3) a waxy substance generating step S3: the saponification product is made into an aqueous solution to form a saponification product aqueous solution, and the saponification product aqueous solution is reacted with a strong acid solution to generate a waxy substance, wherein the strong acid solution system can be hydrochloric acid solution, organic Acid solution, etc., anyone who can react with the saponification product to generate wax can be implemented, but not limited to this, and then filter the wax and separate it from water, preferably, heat the wax to a higher level than the environment. Below the boiling point, the water in the wax is removed; (4) a combustion part generating step S4: the purified oil, an alcohol, and a wax are heated, melted and mixed to generate a combustion mixture, wherein the alcohols can be included as carbon chains C1～C9 alcohols and their isomers Preferably, the alcohol is one of methanol and ethanol or a combination thereof; preferably, purified oil, alcohol, wax, and a strong base can be heated, melted and mixed to generate a combustion mixture; Preferably, the glycerol can be removed by filtration after the mixing is completed; (5) an outer shell generating step S5: the combustion mixture is immersed in the wax of the molten state, so that the combustion mixture is completely covered by an outer shell formed by the wax to obtain the environmentally friendly fuel of the present invention.

Please refer to "Fig. 3" and "Fig. 4", which are flow charts (3) and (4) of the method of the present invention. As shown in the figures, the process of producing the environmentally friendly fuel of the present invention can be performed before the shell generation step S5. Including a spark portion generating step S6: the saponification product is mixed with alcohols to generate a spark mixture, preferably, an excipient such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (Polyvinylpyrrolidone), PVP k30, PVP k90 can be added, but Not limited to this, the excipients help to further shape the ignition mixture; in addition, the shell generation step S5 is followed by the ignition part generation step S6, in which the ignition mixture and the combustion mixture are stacked, and immersed in the wax to make The ignition mixture and the combustion mixture are completely covered by the shell formed of wax, wherein the saponification product used in the ignition mixture can be the saponification product that has not been processed by the salting-out step S21, or can be processed by the salting-out step S21. , so that only the fatty acid salt remains in the saponified product for mixing.

Please refer to "Fig. 5" and "Fig. 6", which are schematic structural diagrams (1) and cross-sectional structural diagrams (1) of the present invention. As shown in the figures, the environmentally friendly fuel 1 includes a combustion part 11 and covers the combustion part 11, a casing 12; preferably, please refer to "Fig. 7" and "Fig. 8", which are the structural schematic diagram (2) and the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram (2) of the present invention, and the environmentally friendly fuel 1 may further include a pilot The part 13 is stacked on the upper end of the combustion part 11, and the casing 12 completely covers the ignition part 13 and the combustion part 11; the environmentally friendly fuel 1, the combustion part 11, the outer casing 12, and the ignition part 13 can be formed into various shapes , this figure only uses a cylinder as an example, not limited to this, the following describes the composition and examples of each part: (1) Combustion part 11: The combustion part 11 is formed by pouring the combustion mixture into a mold after heating and melting, and then cooling and forming, and the combustion part 11 has an excellent combustion effect; (2) Housing 12: Please refer to "Fig. 9", which is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the present invention (1), the housing 12 is the burning part 11, or the ignition part 13 and the burning part 11 are stacked and immersed in the molten wax. In terms of quality, the ignition part 13 and the combustion part 11 are coated with wax and then cooled to form the outer shell 12. The outer shell 12 completely covers the combustion part 11 and the ignition part 13, which not only makes the environmentally friendly fuel 1 have better physical properties, Moreover, the volatilization of the components in the combustion part 11 and the ignition part 13 is avoided, so that the environmentally friendly fuel 1 has excellent portability and preservation characteristics; (3) Ignition part 13: The ignition part 13 is formed by heating and melting the ignition mixture, pouring it into the mold of the already formed combustion part 11, and then cooling and forming, so that the ignition part 13 is formed in the combustion part 11. On the upper end of the part 11 , the ignition part 13 has a flammable property compared with the combustion part 11 , so that the environmentally friendly fuel is easy to catch fire and burn.

Please refer to "Fig. 10", which is a schematic diagram (2) of the implementation of the present invention. The tested combustion calorific value of the environmentally friendly fuel 1 of the present invention can be greater than 4500 kcal/kg, not only compared with the combustion calorific value of coal 4200 kcal/kg High, and the products generated during and after combustion do not contain harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide, sulfide, etc., and after the combustion is completed, only 2% of the weight before combustion remains. The ember 2 is non-polluting to the environment. Compared with traditional coal for thermal power generation, it has quite high environmental protection characteristics.

Please refer to "Fig. 11" and "Fig. 12", which are the flow chart (5) and the schematic diagram (3) of the method of the present invention. As shown in the figures, the present invention includes a step S7 for reproducing embers, and the environmentally friendly fuel of the present invention is 1 , the embers 2 can be mixed with a hair amino acid 3 made by hydrolysis of waste animal hair to obtain a fertilizer 4 that can help plant growth, wherein, the hair amino acid 3 is made of waste animal hair by adding strong alkaline solution Carry out hydrolysis reaction, and then make hair amino acid 3 through steps such as filtration, acid-base neutralization, decolorization, and water removal, so that all the raw materials of fertilizer 4 are formed of waste, and the environmental protection fuel of the present invention is completely regenerated use.

Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows: (1) purification step: adding waste edible oil into the activated clay of 100:1～50:1 by weight, and filtering and removing waste residue, adding sodium hydroxide according to the acid value of waste edible oil, adjusting the pH value of waste edible oil to 6~8, and heated to 105~120 degrees Celsius under normal pressure to remove the moisture in the waste cooking oil to obtain purified oil; (2) saponification step: taking water and sodium hydroxide weight ratio is 10:4～10:5 to make aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the aforementioned purified oil is heated to 75～85 degrees Celsius and is 10 with the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution by weight ratio 5 ~ 10:6 stirring to carry out the saponification reaction to obtain the saponification product, optionally, the saponification product is added into saturated brine to carry out salting out, to separate the fatty acid salt and glycerol in the saponification product, remove glycerol and unreacted aqueous sodium hydroxide solution The fatty acid salt is obtained as the saponified product, and the environmentally friendly fuel system of the present invention can use the saponified product without salting out, or can also use the saponified product after removing the glycerol and leaving only the fatty acid salt after salting out; (3) waxy generation step: first get saponification product and add equal weight of water and stir to be dissolved into saponification product aqueous solution, then add 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid that is 10:1～10:2 with saponification product weight ratio and continue to be stirred to waxy Precipitate, filter to separate the wax from water, and heat to 105-120 degrees Celsius under normal pressure to remove the water in the wax to obtain the wax; (4) combustion part generation step: first get methanol and sodium hydroxide weight ratio and be 100:1～100:3 to be mixed with methanol solution, then purified oil is heated to 50～65 degrees Celsius, and with purified oil and methanol solution weight The ratio of 10:2~10:3 is mixed to form a semi-finished product. Optionally, the excess glycerin can be removed by a filtration step, or the semi-finished product with a ratio of 3:1~4:1 can be directly mixed with wax to form a semi-finished product. Burn the mixture, and put the combustion mixture into the mold to mold and cool to form the combustion part; (5) ignition part generation step: the saponification product and 95% ethanol are mixed in the ratio of 1:3～1:4, the excipient of 3%～5% of the weight of the aforementioned saponification product and ethanol mixture is optionally added, Such as: polyvinylpyrrolidone (Polyvinylpyrrolidone), to form a fire-inducing mixture, the fire-inducing mixture is molded into a mold and cooled to form a fire-guiding part, preferably directly on the upper end of the burning part to form a fire-guiding part, wherein, the fire-guiding part The weight ratio to the combustion part is 1:7~1:10; (6) Shell generation step: the formed combustion part, or the formed ignition part and the combustion part are stacked and combined, immersed in the molten wax and taken out, so that the surface is covered with wax, and wait for it to cool It is formed into a casing, so that the combustion part or the stacking combination of the ignition part and the combustion part is completely covered by the casing; (7) ember regeneration step: collecting the remaining embers after the burning of the environmental protection fuel, and adding waste animal hair to a sodium hydroxide solution with a pH value of 11, taking out the solution through stirring and filtration, and adding a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH value of 4.5 to carry out acid-base Neutralization, optionally, adding activated carbon to heat up and decolorizing, and filtering the precipitate to take out the solution, drying and removing water to obtain hair amino acid; and then mixing embers and hair amino acid in any proportion to prepare fertilizer.

From the above, it can be seen that the production process of the environmentally friendly fuel and the product thereof of the present invention are to use waste edible oil to make wax through purification, saponification, and acid treatment, and mix with alcohols to make a fire guide that is easy to ignite and burn, and has excellent performance. The combustion part of the combustion calorific value is covered with a wax shell on the surface, and the embers after combustion can be used to make fertilizer, so that the environmentally friendly fuel of the present invention not only has better combustion than traditional coal and other fuels In addition, the waxy shell makes it have good preservation and portability, and the overall material uses a large amount of recycled waste oil. According to this, the waste cooking oil can be effectively remade into a solid and environmentally friendly fuel that is easy to carry, and both Purpose and efficacy of well-preserved properties.

However, the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; anyone familiar with the art can make equal changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. , all should be covered within the patent scope of the present invention.

To sum up, the invention has the patent requirements of "industrial applicability", "novelty" and "progressiveness"; the applicant should file an application for an invention patent with the Jun Bureau in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law.

1: Environmentally friendly fuel

11: Combustion Department

12: Shell

13: Fire department

2: Embers

3: Hair amino acids

4: Fertilizer

S1: Purification step

S2: Saponification step

S21: Salting out step

S3: Wax generation step

S4: combustion part generation step

S5: Shell Generation Step

S6: Steps for generating the ignition part

S7: Embers Remaking Steps

Fig. 1 is a flow chart (1) of the method of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flow chart (2) of the method of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a flow chart (3) of the method of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a flow chart (4) of the method of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram (1) of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (1) of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram (2) of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram (2) of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram (1) of the implementation of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram (2) of the implementation of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a flow chart (5) of the method of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram (3) of the implementation of the present invention.

S1: Purification step

S2: Saponification step

S3: Wax generation step

S4: combustion part generation step

S5: Shell Generation Step

Claims (14)

A method for using waste edible oil to make environmentally friendly fuel, comprising: a purification step, filtering the waste edible oil, and using an activated clay to decolorize and deodorize to generate a purified oil; a saponification step, mixing the purified oil with A strong base solution prepared with a strong base is subjected to a saponification reaction to generate a saponification product, the saponification product includes a fatty acid salt and a glycerol; a wax generation step, the saponification product is dissolved in water to prepare a saponification product aqueous solution, Then the saponification product aqueous solution is reacted with a strong acid solution prepared from a strong acid to generate a wax; a combustion part generating step is to mix the purified oil, an alcohol, and the wax into a combustion mixture, and The combustion mixture is heated, melted, molded and then cooled to form a combustion part; and an outer shell generation step, the combustion mixture is immersed in the wax and taken out, so that the combustion mixture is completely covered by an outer shell formed by the wax . The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil as claimed in claim 1, comprising a step of generating a pyrophoric portion, which is to mix the saponification product with the alcohol to generate a pyrophoric mixture, and mix the pyrophoric mixture with the pyrophoric mixture. After being heated, melted and molded, it is cooled and formed into a flammable part, and the step of forming the shell includes stacking the flammable mixture and the flammable mixture, and immersing them in the wax. Then, it is taken out, so that the flammable mixture and the combustion mixture are completely covered by the outer shell formed by the wax. The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil according to claim 2, wherein, in the step of generating the ignition portion, the ignition mixture is formed by mixing the saponification product, the alcohol, and an excipient. The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil according to claim 1, wherein the saponification step includes a salting-out step to remove the glycerin in the saponification product. The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the purification step comprises adding the waste edible oil to the strong base to adjust the acid value, and heating to remove the water content of the waste edible oil. The method for producing an environmentally friendly fuel using waste edible oil as claimed in claim 1, comprising a step of reproducing embers, wherein an ember generated by burning the environmentally friendly fuel is mixed with a hair amino acid to make a fertilizer . The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating the combustion part comprises mixing the purified oil, the alcohol, the wax, and the strong base into the combustion mixture, and The combustion mixture is heated and melt-molded, and then cooled to form the combustion portion. The method for producing environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of generating the wax includes heating the wax to remove the moisture of the wax. The method for using waste edible oil to make environmentally friendly fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strong base is one of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or a combination thereof. The method for producing an environmentally friendly fuel from waste edible oil according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is one or a combination of alcohols with carbon chains C1-C9 or isomers thereof. An environmentally friendly fuel, which is made by using a purified oil obtained by decolorizing and deodorizing a waste edible oil through an activated clay as a raw material, and comprising: a combustion part, which is heated, melted and molded by a combustion mixture. It is formed by cooling and forming. The combustion mixture is mixed with a half-finished product with a weight ratio of 3:1~4:1 and a wax. The weight ratio of an alcohol to sodium hydroxide is 100:1~100:3 It is prepared into an alcoholic solution, and then the purified oil and the alcoholic solution are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:2 to 10:3 to form the semi-finished product, and the wax is formed by the reaction of the purified oil and a strong alkali solution. A saponification product is formed by reacting with a strong acid solution; and a shell is wrapped around the burning part and formed from the wax. The environmentally friendly fuel as claimed in claim 11, wherein an ignition portion is formed by stacking an upper end of the combustion portion, and the ignition portion and the combustion portion are completely covered by the casing. The environmentally friendly fuel as claimed in claim 12, wherein the ignition portion is formed by mixing the alcohol, a fatty acid salt, and an excipient. The environmentally friendly fuel as claimed in claim 12, wherein the ignition portion is formed by mixing the alcohol, the saponification product, and an excipient.

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