TWI767915B - Ror-1與btk拮抗劑的組合 - Google Patents
Ror-1與btk拮抗劑的組合 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI767915B TWI767915B TW106121414A TW106121414A TWI767915B TW I767915 B TWI767915 B TW I767915B TW 106121414 A TW106121414 A TW 106121414A TW 106121414 A TW106121414 A TW 106121414A TW I767915 B TWI767915 B TW I767915B
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- ror
- ibrutinib
- cancer
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- antibody
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Abstract
本發明特別提供治療癌症之組成物與方法。該方法包括對有此需要之個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏(Bruton’s)酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑。進一步提供一種包含BTK拮抗劑、ROR-1拮抗劑與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑之醫藥組成物。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼(ibrutinib)及ROR-1拮抗劑為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)。
Description
本申請案主張2016年6月27日申請之美國臨時申請案案號62/355,171之優先權,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
序列表係於2017年6月19日建立,以檔案48537-582001WO SL_ST25.TXT形成式書寫,10,919位元,機器格式IBM-PC,MS-Windows操作系統,已以引用方式併入本文中。
本發明係在國家衛生研究院(National Institutes of Health)撥款經費編號CA081534之政府贊助下完成。政府擁有本發明之某些權力。
經由BCR(B-細胞受體)訊號轉導之訊號轉導作用被認為在例如:慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)等疾病之病因與/或進展中扮演某種角色。此外,在淋巴性與白血病
惡性病中靶向B-細胞受體(BCR)訊號轉導之藥劑(包括抑制布魯頓氏(Bruton’s)酪胺酸激酶(BTK)之依魯替尼(ibrutinib)與阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)(4-{8-胺基-3-[(2S)-1-(2-丁炔醯基)-2-吡咯啶基]咪唑并[1,5-a]吡-1-基}-N-(2-吡啶基)苯甲醯胺))已顯示顯著之臨床活性。藉由破壞B-細胞訊號轉導途徑,BTK治療已經與顯著之淋巴結反應有關,但對疾病之根除及高風險疾病之復發仍為一項挑戰。
本文所提供之組成物與方法特別適用於治療白血病。
本申請者已驚人地發現,抗ROR-1抗體與BCR抑制劑之組合可有效治療例如:慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)。
一項態樣係提供一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法,該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)拮抗劑。
一項態樣係提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、ROR-1拮抗劑與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
一項態樣係提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、抗ROR-1抗體與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑,其中BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體係呈組合之協同性用量,其中該組合之協同性用量可為有此需要之個體有效治療癌症。
一項態樣中,提供一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法。該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體。
另一項態樣中,提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑、抗ROR-1抗體、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
第1A至1D圖。在經過依魯替尼(ibrutinib)處理之CLL細胞中,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用。(第1A圖)如各線條上方所示,於使用或不使用Wnt5a培養且經過UC-961或依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞,中測定活化之Rac1。(第1B圖)在不經過或經過UC-961(10μg/ml)與/或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a所誘發Rac1之活化作用。出示在五個獨立實驗中觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。(第1C圖)如各線條上方所指示,CLL細胞係從經過依魯替尼處理之患者(n=5)中收集。於此等經過或不經過Wnt5a或UC-961處理之CLL細胞中,於活體外測定活化之Rac1。(第1D圖)於從經過依魯替尼處理之患者中收集到之CLL細胞中,經過Wnt5a與/或UC-961處理,測定Rac1活化作用。出示五個獨立實驗所觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於經過未處理組樣本校正總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。所出示之數據為各組之平均值±SEM。**P<0.01;***P<0.001;****P<0.0001,其係採用杜基氏多重比較
試驗(Tukey’s multiple comparisons test),使用單向ANOVA計算。
第2A至2B圖。在經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生作用。(第2A圖)在使用或不使用Wnt5a下,經過UC-961或依魯替尼處理,CD154對標記CFSE之CLL細胞誘發之增生作用(n=6)。一個代表性CLL樣本出示分裂細胞百分比。(第2B圖)長條圖顯示分別來自6位不同患者中,出現CFSE螢光減弱之CLL細胞之平均比例,其各培養條件說明於圖下方。所出示之數據為平均值±SEM,*P<0.05;**P<0.01,其係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。
第3圖。於衍生自CLL患者之異種移植小鼠中,UC-961與依魯替尼之加成抑制效應。在依指示進行處理前一天,取CLL細胞注射至Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠腹膜腔內。注射細胞後7天,收集腹膜腔灌洗液,使用針對CD5、CD19、與CD45之mAb染色後,計算細胞數及進行流式細胞計分析,測定殘留CLL。圖中每一長條代表接受處理後之小鼠收集得到之殘留CLL細胞百分比,並經過未接受處理之小鼠所收集之細胞校正。所出示之數據為來自3位不同患者,每組5隻小鼠之平均值±SEM。P-值係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。
第4A至4D圖。在經過依魯替尼處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生作用。(第4A圖)如各線條上方所指示,於使用或不
使用Wnt5a培養且經過UC-961(10μg/ml)與/或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中測定活化之Rac1。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於經過未處理組樣本校正總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。(第4B圖)於不經過處理或經過UC-961(10μg/ml)與/或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中,Wnt5a誘發Rac1之活化作用。出示五個獨立實驗觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。(第4C圖)於使用或不使用Wnt5a下且經過UC-961或依魯替尼處理之標記CFSE之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞(n=6)中,CD154所誘發之增生作用。出示一個代表性ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞樣本之分裂細胞百分比。(第4D圖)長條圖指示分別來自5隻不同小鼠中,出現CFSE螢光減弱之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之平均比例,各培養條件示於圖下方。所出示之數據為平均值±SEM;**P<0.01;***P<0.001;****P<0.0001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第5A至5C圖。於ROR-1×TCL1白血病異種移植小鼠中,UC-961與依魯替尼之加成抑制性效應。(第5A圖)出示Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠之代表性脾臟,其係在接受靜脈內輸注2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞25天後收集。(第5B圖)UC-961與依魯替尼之組合在Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中抑制植入之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞。使用2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞植入Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠,然後於第1天經i.v.注射一劑1mg/kg UC-961或每天一劑5-mg/kg依
魯替尼。等高線圖指示接受圖上方指示處理之代表性小鼠(n=5)在接受移植後第25天時所收集脾臟淋巴細胞之螢光,其係由細胞經過針對B220(橫座標)與人類ROR-1(縱座標)之接合螢光染料之mAb染色後測得之光散射特徵測定。各等高線圖之右上圖中之百分比指示具有白血病細胞CD5+B220低ROR-1+表型之之血液單核細胞之比例。(第5C圖)接受移植2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之接受者Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠,在接受注射一劑1mg/kg UC-961或每天注射5mg/kg依魯替尼後25天,進行流式細胞計分析及計算細胞數,測定脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞總數。各形狀代表每隻小鼠中出現之白血病細胞數。所出示之數據為各組動物之平均值±SEM(n=5);***P<0.001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第6A至6D圖。依魯替尼抑制BCR訊號轉導,但不抑制Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導。(第6A圖)如各線條上方所指示,於使用或不使用Wnt5a或濃度為0、0.25、0.5或1.0μM的依魯替尼培養之CLL細胞中測定活化之Rac1。(第6B圖)CLL細胞經過逐漸提高劑量之依魯替尼處理1小時後,分析BTK活性位點之佔有率。(第6C圖)於使用或不使用不同劑量依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中測定抗-μ-誘發之鈣移動性。由細胞內鈣之相對平均螢光強度以時間為函數作圖。箭頭之標記「IgM」指示在細胞中添加抗-μ之時間。(第6D圖)使用DiOC6與PI染色,測定細胞活力。出示來自代表性患者之CLL細胞之點陣圖,其分別
以橫軸與縱軸界定白血病細胞之相對綠色(DiOC6)與紅色(PI)螢光強度。在使用不同劑量依魯替尼處理後,測定CLL細胞之活細胞族群(DiOC6+PI-)。活細胞百分比示於各點陣圖中。
第7A至7E圖。於經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a誘發之Rac1活化作用。(第7A圖)使用Wnt5a,但不使用CD154所誘發CLL增生作用之CFSE分析。由標記CFSE之CLL細胞(n=6)與野生型HeLa細胞,不使用(左圖)或使用(右圖)外源性Wnt5a,在IL-4/10存在下共同培養5天後之螢光。一個代表性CLL樣本之分析結果係以各圖中左下角所指示之分裂細胞百分比表示。(第7B圖)由使用Wnt5a但不使用CD154下所誘發ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生作用之CFSE分析。由標記CFSE之CLL細胞(n=6)與HeLa細胞,不使用(左圖)或使用(右圖)外源性Wnt5a,在IL-4/10存在下共同培養5天後之螢光。一個代表性CLL樣本之分析結果係以各圖中左下角所指示之分裂細胞百分比表示。(第7C圖)於血清飢餓(serum starved)之TCL1白血病細胞中。在經過Wnt5a處理30min後,測定Rac1活化作用。取全細胞溶胞液於平行凝膠上流動,以檢測總Rac1。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於未經處理組樣本標準化總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。(第7D圖)經過Wnt5a與/或CD154誘發之TCL1白血病細胞增生作用之CFSE分析。由標記CFSE之TCL1白血病細胞(n=3)與野生型HeLa或HeLaCD154細胞,不使用或使用外源性Wnt5a,在
IL-4/10存在下共同培養5天後之螢光。一個代表性TCL1白血病樣本之分析結果係以各圖中左下角所指示之分裂細胞百分比表示。(第7E圖)來自TCL1白血病細胞(n=3)之分裂CLL細胞之平均比例,培養條件示於圖下方。所出示之數據為各組之平均值±SEM;p-值係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算;ns:無顯著性。
第8A至8B圖。ROR-1×TCL1白血病異種移植小鼠中,UC-961或依魯替尼之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。(第8A圖)依魯替尼在ROR-1×TCL1白血病異種移植小鼠中之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。(第8B圖)UC-961在ROR-1×TCL1白血病異種移植小鼠中之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。各形狀代表每隻小鼠所出現之白血病細胞數。所出示之數據為各組動物之平均值±SEM(n=6);*P<0.05;***P<0.001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第9圖。ROR-1係由BCR訊號轉導抑制劑誘發。
第10圖。於Niche依賴性動物模式中,抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合對清除CLL細胞之加成效應。
第11圖。抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合對ROR-1xTCL1小鼠白血病之加成效應。
第12A至12F圖。於經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用。(第12A圖)於新鮮單離之經過依魯替尼處
理之CLL細胞中或經單離且於無血清培養基中不使用或使用外源性Wnt5a(200ng/ml)培養之經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞(如各線條上方所指示)中所測定之活化之Rac1。(第12B圖)於新鮮單離之經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中或經單離且於無血清培養基中使用或不使用Wnt5a(200ng/ml)培養之經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中所測定之活化之Rac1。出示在四個獨立實驗中觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=4)。(第12C圖)CLL細胞係從經過依魯替尼處理之患者(n=4)中收集。於使用或不使用Wnt5a(200ng/ml)或希組單抗(10μg/ml)處理之CLL細胞(如免疫墨點圖中各線條上方所指示)中測定活化之Rac1(第12D圖)。於來自接受依魯替尼療法且經過Wnt5a(200ng/ml)與/或希組單抗(10μg/ml)處理之患者所收集之CLL細胞中測定Rac1活化作用。出示在五個獨立實驗中觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。(第12E圖)於使用或不使用Wnt5a培養且經過希組單抗(10μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之CLL細胞(如各線條上方所指示)中測定活化之Rac1。(第12F圖)於不經過處理或經過希組單抗與/或依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a所誘發Rac1之活化作用。出示在五個獨立實驗中觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於經過未處理組樣本校正總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。所出示之數據為各組之平均值±SEM。**P<0.01;***P<0.001;****P<0.0001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第13A至13D圖。於經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,希組單抗抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生作用。(第13A圖)於標記CFSE之CLL細胞(n=6)中,使用或不使用Wnt5a及經過希組單抗(10μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理後之CD154所誘發之增生作用。出示一個代表性CLL樣本之分裂細胞百分比。(第13B圖)長條圖指示分別來自6位不同患者之出現CFSE螢光減弱之CLL細胞之平均比例,各培養條件示於圖下方。(第13C圖)CLL細胞於HeLaCD154上,於IL-4/10或Wnt5a存在下共同培養,然後使用希組單抗(10μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理4天,在PI染色後,進行細胞循環分析。出示一個代表性CLL樣本。(第13D圖)出示所有4位試驗患者於S/G2/M期之細胞之平均比例。所出示之數據為平均值±SEM,*P<0.05;**P<0.01,其係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。
第14A至14B圖。希組單抗與/或依魯替尼對來自CLL患者之異種移植物之處理效應。(第14A圖)在處理前1天,取CLL細胞注射至Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠之腹膜腔內。注射細胞後7天,收集腹膜腔灌洗液,對CD5、CD19、與CD45之mAb染色後,計算細胞數及進行流式細胞計分析,測定殘留CLL。各等高線圖中右上方顯示之百分比代表接受處理後之小鼠所收集細胞中之CLL細胞比例。(第14B圖)圖中各長條代表從接受處理後之小鼠所收集細胞中之CLL細胞比例,並經過未接受處理之小鼠所收集細胞中之CLL細胞百分比(係100%)校正。所出示之數據為來自
3位不同患者,每組5隻小鼠平均值±SEM;***P<0.001;****P<0.0001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第15A至15C圖。於經過依魯替尼處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中,希組單抗抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生作用。(第15A圖)如各線條上方所指示,於使用或不使用Wnt5a(200ng/ml)培養且經過希組單抗(10μg/ml)與/或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中測定活化之Rac1。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於未經處理組標準化校正總GTPase之條帶密度之比值。(第15B圖)於經過Wnt5a處理且使用或不使用希組單抗(10μg/ml)與/或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中之Rac1活化作用。出示五個獨立實驗中觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=5)。(第15C圖)於標記CFSE之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞(n=5)中,使用或不使用Wnt5a(200ng/ml)與/或希組單抗(10μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理時,CD154所誘發之增生作用。長條圖指示分別來自5隻不同小鼠,在各培養條件下(如圖下方所示),出現CFSE螢光減弱之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞比例。所出示之數據為平均值±SEM;*P<0.05;**P<0.01;****P<0.0001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第16A至16C圖。於植入組織相容性ROR-1+白血病之免疫缺陷小鼠中,希組單抗與依魯替尼之加成抑制性效應。(第16A圖)出示Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠之代表性脾
臟,其係在經靜脈內輸注2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞25天後收集。(第16B圖)希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合於Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中抑制植入之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞。在Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中植入2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞後,於第1天經靜脈內注射一劑1mg/kg希組單抗,或每天經胃管口服劑量5mg/kg依魯替尼。如圖上方指示,等高線圖出示代表性小鼠繼承轉移(n=5)經過處理後,第25天收集之淋巴細胞使用針對B220(橫座標)與人類ROR-1(縱座標)之接合螢光染料之mAb染色後之螢光。各等高線圖右上方之百分比代表具有白血病細胞CD5+B220低OR-1+表型之血液單核細胞之比例。(第16C圖)繼承轉移2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之接受者Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠接受注射一劑1mg/kg希組單抗或每天注射5mg/kg依魯替尼,25天後脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞總數。各符號代表每隻小鼠之白血病細胞數。所出示之數據為各組動物之平均值±SEM(n=5);*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第17A至17C圖。於經植入組織相容性ROR-1+白血病之免疫活性小鼠中,使用希組單抗與依魯替尼處理之加成抑制性效應。(第17A圖)出示ROR-1-Tg小鼠之代表性脾臟,其係在接受靜脈內輸注2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞25天後收集。(第17B圖)希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合在ROR-1-Tg小鼠中抑制植入之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞。在ROR-1-Tg小鼠中植入2×104
個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞後,每週經靜脈內注射10mg/kg希組單抗或每天胃管口服5mg/kg依魯替尼。如圖上方指示,等高線圖出示繼承轉移之代表性小鼠(n=6)經過處理25天後所收集之淋巴細胞,使用針對B220(橫座標)與人類ROR-1(縱座標)之接合螢光染料之mAb染色後之螢光。各等高線圖右上方之百分比代表具有白血病細胞CD5+B220低ROR-1+表型之血液單核細胞之比例。(第17C圖)授受轉移(adoptive transfer)2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之接受者ROR-1-Tg小鼠每週接受注射10mg/kg希組單抗與/或每天投與依魯替尼(5mg/kg)28天後,脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞總數。各代號代表每隻小鼠之白血病細胞數。所出示之數據為各組動物之平均值±SEM(n=6);*P<0.05,**P<0.01係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第18A至18B圖。在不使用CD154下,由Wnt5a誘發之CLL增生作用之CFSE分析。(第18A圖)分裂之CLL細胞之篩分法。先依大小與單一性篩分細胞,然後進行PI排除法,以判別活細胞,供進一步分析。活的CD5與CD19 CLL細胞經過CFSE染色後,檢測螢光。計算具有較低CFSE螢光之比例,即可計算分裂之CLL細胞百分比。(第18B圖)標記CFSE之CLL細胞(n=6)與野生型HeLa細胞,不使用(上圖)或使用(下圖)外源性Wnt5a,於IL-4/10之存在下共同培養5天後之螢光。出示一個代表性CLL樣本之結果,分裂之細胞百分比出示於各直方圖左下角。
第19A至19B圖。在使用或不使用外源性Wnt5a下,經過希組單抗或依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞之細胞循環分析。(第19A圖)由白血病細胞與HeLaCD154,於IL-4/10或Wnt5a之存在下共同培養後,使用希組單抗(10μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理4天,經過PI染色後,進行細胞循環分析。出示一個代表性白血病樣本。(第19B圖)出示所有3個試驗樣本於S/G2/M期之白血病細胞之平均比例。所出示之數據為平均值±SEM,*P<0.05;**P<0.01,其係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。
第20A至20B圖。希組單抗或依魯替尼對接受ROR-1×TCL1白血病移植之小鼠之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。(第20A圖)依魯替尼對接受ROR-1×TCL1白血病移植之小鼠之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。(第20B圖)希組單抗對接受ROR-1×TCL1白血病移植之小鼠之劑量依賴性之抑制效應。各代號代表每隻小鼠之白血病細胞數。所出示之數據為各組動物之平均值±SEM(n=6);*P<0.05;***P<0.001係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第21圖。由Wnt5a與/或CD154誘發TCL1白血病細胞增生作用之CFSE分析。標記CFSE之TCL1白血病細胞(n=3)與野生型HeLa或HeLaCD154細胞,不使用或使用外源性Wnt5a,於IL-4/10之存在下共同培養5天時之螢光。所出示之數據為各組之平均值±SEM;p-值係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA計算。
第22A至22C圖。初代MCL之抗原表現與
MCL患者血漿中之Wnt5a含量。(第22A圖)篩分表現CD5與CD19之MCL細胞(左上圖)。有陰影之直方圖顯示經過針對其他表面抗原之接合螢光染料之mAb染色之篩分MCL細胞之螢光。與CLL細胞相反,MCL細胞無法被針對CD200(右上圖)或CD23(左下圖)之mAb染色。與CLL類似,MCL表現高量ROR-1(右下圖)。無陰影之直方圖出示經過同工型對照抗體染色之細胞之螢光。(第22B圖)MCL相對於CLL中ROR-1之△MFI。ns=無顯著性。(第22C圖)具有MCL之患者相對於對應年齡之對照組患者之血漿Wnt5a(每組n=4;P<0.05,史都登氏試驗(Student’s t test))。
第23A至23D圖。MCL細胞中Rac1活化作用與細胞循環之分析。(第23A圖)如免疫墨點之各線條上方所示,於使用或不使用Wnt5a(200ng/ml)、使用或不使用依魯替尼(0.5μM)或使用或不使用希組單抗(10μg/ml)處理之MCL細胞中測定活化之Rac1。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於經過未處理組樣本校正總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。(第23B圖)於未處理或經過希組單抗與/或依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a所誘發Rac1之活化作用。出示五個獨立實驗觀察到之平均Rac1活化作用(n=3)。各線條下方之數字為活化組相對於經過未處理組樣本校正總GTPase之條帶IOD之比值。所出示之數據為各組之平均值±SEM。****P<0.0001,其係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。(第23C圖)由MCL細胞與HeLaCD154,於IL-4/10或Wnt5a之存在下共同培養後,使用希組單抗(10
μg/ml)或依魯替尼(0.5μM)處理4天,使用PI染色後,進行細胞循環分析。出示一個代表性CLL樣本。(第23D圖)出示所有MCL患者中S/G2期之細胞平均比例(n=3)。所出示之數據為平均值±S.E.M.;*P<0.05;**P<0.01,其係由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA測定。ns=無顯著性。
定義
雖然已在本文中出示及說明本發明各種不同實施例與態樣,但彼等習知此相關技藝之人士咸了解,此等實施例與態樣僅供舉例說明。彼等習知此相關技藝之人士僅可在不偏離本發明下進行多種改變、變化、與取代。應咸了解,可在操作本發明時採用本文說明之本發明實施例之各種不同替代項。
本文所採用章節標題僅供組織分類之目的,並無意限制所說明之物質。本申請案所摘錄之所有文獻、或部份文獻包括,但不限於:專利案、專利申請案、刊物、書、手冊、與論文,其等完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中用於所有目的。
本文採用之縮寫具有其在化學與生物技藝上之習知定義。本文所示化學結構與化學式係依據化學技藝已知化學電價之標準規則構成。
若一般化學式中,以從左向右書寫之方式指明取代基時,其等同樣包括可能從右向左書寫之結構之
相同化學取代基,例如:-CH2O-等同-OCH2-。
術語「烷基」本身或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指直鏈(亦即不分支)或分支之無環碳鏈(或碳)、或其組合,其可能為完全飽和、單-或多不飽和,且可包括具有指定碳原子數之二價與多價基團(亦即C1-C10意指1至10個碳)。飽和烴基實例包括,但不限於:甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、(環己基)甲基例如:正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基之同系物與異構物、與類似物。不飽和烷基為具有一或多個雙鍵或參鍵之基團。不飽和烷基實例包括,但不限於:乙烯基、2-丙烯基、巴豆基、2-異戊烯基、2-(丁二烯基)、2,4-戊二烯基、3-(1,4-戊二烯基)、乙炔基、1-與3-丙炔基、3-丁炔基,與較高碳同系物與異構物。烷氧基為利用氧連接基(-O-)附接其餘分子之烷基。烷基部份基團可為烯基部份基團。烷基部份基團可為炔基部份基團。烷基部份基團可完全飽和。烯基可能除了一或多個雙鍵外,尚可包括超過一個雙鍵與/或一或多個參鍵。炔基可能除了一或多個參鍵外,尚可包括超過一個參鍵與/或一或多個雙鍵。
術語「伸烷基」本身或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指由烷基衍生之二價基團,其不設限實例為:-CH2CH2CH2CH2-。通常,烷基(或伸烷基)具有1至24個碳原子,以彼等具有10或更少個碳原子之基團為本發明較佳基團。「低碳數烷基」或「低
碳數伸烷基」為較短鏈烷基或伸烷基,通常具有8個或更少個碳原子。術語「伸烯基」本身或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指由烯基衍生之二價基團。
術語「雜烷基」本身或與另一個術語組合時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指安定之直鏈或分支之無環鏈、或其組合,其中包括至少一個碳原子與至少一個雜原子(例如:O、N、P、Si、與S),其中該氮與硫原子可視需要氧化,且氮雜原子可視需要四級化。雜原子(群)(例如:O、N、P、S、與Si)可能位在雜烷基之任何內部位置或位在烷基附接其餘分子之位置。實例包括,但不限於,:-CH2-CH2-O-CH3、-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3、-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)-CH3、-CH2-S-CH2-CH3、-CH2-CH2、-S(O)-CH3、-CH2-CH2-S(O)2-CH3、-CH=CH-O-CH3、-Si(CH3)3、-CH2-CH=N-OCH3、-CH=CH-N(CH3)-CH3、-O-CH3、-O-CH2-CH3、與-CN。至多有兩個或三個連續雜原子,如:例如:-CH2-NH-OCH3與-CH2-O-Si(CH3)3。雜烷基部份基團可能包括一個雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜烷基部份基團可能包括兩個視需要選用之不同雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜烷基部份基團可能包括三個視需要選用之不同雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜烷基部份基團可能包括四個視需要選用之不同雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜烷基部份基團可能包括五個視需要選用之不同雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜烷基部份基團可能包括至
多8個視需要選用之不同雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。術語「雜烯基」本身或與另一個術語組合時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指包括至少一個雙鍵之雜烷基。雜烯基除了一或多個雙鍵外,可視需要再包括超過一個雙鍵與/或一或多個參鍵。術語「雜炔基」本身或與另一個術語組合時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指包括至少一個參鍵之雜烷基。雜炔基除了一或多個參鍵外,可視需要再包括超過一個參鍵與/或一或多個雙鍵。
類似地,術語「雜伸烷基」本身或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指由雜烷基衍生之二價基團,其實例,但不限於,為:-CH2-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-與-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-。雜伸烷基中,雜原子亦可佔據一個或兩個鏈末端(例如:伸烷基氧、伸烷基二氧、伸烷基胺基、伸烷基二胺基,與類似物)。此外,針對伸烷基與雜伸烷基連接基,連接基化學式之書寫方向並未暗示連接基之方向。例如:式-C(O)2R'-同時代表-C(O)2R'-與-R'C(O)2-。如上述,本文所採用雜烷基包括彼等利用雜原子附接其餘分子之基團,如:-C(O)R'、-C(O)NR'、-NR'R"、-OR'、-SR'、與/或-SO2R'。當列舉「雜烷基」,接著列舉明確雜烷基,如:-NR'R",或類似物時,咸了解術語雜烷基與-NR'R"並非冗餘或互斥。該等列舉之明確雜烷基反而更清楚。因此,術語「雜烷基」不應在本文中排除明確之雜烷基,如:-NR'R"或類似物。
術語「環烷基」與「雜環烷基」本身或與
其他術語組合時,除非另有其他說明,否則分別意指非芳香系環狀之「烷基」與「雜烷基」,其中構成該或該等環之碳不一定需要與氫鍵結,因為所有碳價均可參與與非氫原子之鍵結。此外,雜環烷基之雜原子可佔據雜環附接其餘分子之位置。環烷基實例包括,但不限於:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、1-環己烯基、3-環己烯基、環庚基、3-羥基-環丁-3-烯基-1,2-二酮、1H-1,2,4-三唑基-5(4H)-酮,4H-1,2,4-三唑基、與類似物。雜環烷基實例包括(但不限於):1-(1,2,5,6-四氫吡啶基)、1-哌啶基、2-哌啶基、3-哌啶基、4-嗎啉基、3-嗎啉基、四氫呋喃-2-基、四氫呋喃-3-基、四氫噻吩-2-基、四氫噻吩-3-基、1-哌基、2-哌基、與類似物。「環伸烷基」與「雜環伸烷基」單獨或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,分別意指由環烷基與雜環烷基衍生之二價基團。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括一個環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括兩個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括三個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括四個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括五個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。雜環烷基部份基團可能包括至多8個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、S、Si、或P)。
術語「鹵」或「鹵素」本身或作為另一個
取代基之一部份時,除非另有其他說明,否則意指氟、氯、溴、或碘原子。其他術語如:「鹵烷基」意指包括單鹵烷基與多鹵烷基。例如:術語「鹵(C1-C4)烷基」包括,但不限於:氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、4-氯丁基、3-溴丙基、與類似物。
術語「醯基」除非另有其他說明,否則意指-C(O)R,其中R為經取代或未經取代之烷基、經取代或未經取代之環烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基、經取代或未經取代之芳基、或經取代或未經取代之雜芳基。
術語「芳基」除非另有其他說明,否則意指多不飽和之芳香系烴取代基,其可為單環或共同稠合(亦即稠合之環芳基)或共價連接之多環(較佳為1至3個環)。稠合之環芳基係指共同稠合之多環,其中至少一個稠合環為芳基環。術語「雜芳基」係指包含至少一個雜原子(如:N、O、或S)之芳基(或環),其中該氮與硫原子可視需要氧化,且氮原子(群)可視需要四級化。因此,術語「雜芳基」包括稠合之環雜芳基(亦即多個環共同稠合,其中至少一個稠合環為雜芳香環)。5,6-稠合之環雜伸芳基係指兩個環共同稠合,其中一個環具有5員且另一個環具有6員,其中至少一個環為雜芳基環。同樣地,6,6-稠合之環雜伸芳基係指兩個環共同稠合,其中一個環具有6員且另一個環具有6員,其中至少一個環為雜芳基環。及6,5-稠合之環雜伸芳基係指兩個環共同稠合,其中一個環具有6員且另一
個環具有5員,其中至少一個環為雜芳基環。雜芳基可透過碳或雜原子附接其餘分子。芳基與雜芳基之不設限實例包括苯基、1-萘基、2-萘基、4-聯苯基、1-吡咯基、2-吡咯基、3-吡咯基、3-吡唑基、2-咪唑基、4-咪唑基、吡基、2-唑基、4-唑基、2-苯基-4-唑基、5-唑基、3-異唑基、4-異唑基、5-異唑基、2-噻唑基、4-噻唑基、5-噻唑基、2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基、4-吡啶基、2-嘧啶基、4-嘧啶基、5-苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、2-苯并咪唑基、5-吲哚基、1-異喹啉基、5-異喹啉基、2-喹喔啉基、5-喹喔啉基、3-喹啉基、與6-喹啉基。上述各芳基與雜芳基環系之取代基係選自下文說明之可接受之取代基之群中。「伸芳基」與「雜伸芳基」單獨或作為另一個取代基之一部份時,意指分別由芳基與雜芳基衍生之二價基團。芳基與雜芳基之不設限實例包括吡啶基、嘧啶基、苯硫基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吲哚基、苯并二唑基、苯并二氧雜環戊烯基、苯并二氧雜環己烷基、硫雜萘基、吡咯并吡啶基、吲唑基、喹諾啉基、喹喔啉基、吡啶并吡基、喹唑啉酮基、苯并異唑基、咪唑并吡啶基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并苯硫基、苯基、萘基、聯苯基、吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、吡基、唑基、異唑基、噻唑基、呋喃并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、異喹啉基、噻二唑基、二唑基、吡咯基、二唑基、三唑基、四唑基、苯并噻二唑基、異噻唑基、吡唑并嘧啶基、吡咯并嘧啶基、苯并三唑
基、苯并唑基、或喹啉基。上述實例可經取代或未經取代,且上述各雜芳基實例之二價基團為雜伸芳基之不設限實例。雜芳基部份基團可能包括一個環雜原子(例如:O、N、或S)。雜芳基部份基團可能包括兩個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、或S)。雜芳基部份基團可能包括三個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、或S)。雜芳基部份基團可能包括四個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、或S)。雜芳基部份基團可能包括五個視需要選用之不同環雜原子(例如:O、N、或S)。芳基部份基團可具有單一環。芳基部份基團可具有兩個視需要選用之不同環。芳基部份基團可具有三個視需要選用之不同環。芳基部份基團可具有四個視需要選用之不同環。雜芳基部份基團可具有一個環。雜芳基部份基團可具有兩個視需要選用之不同環。雜芳基部份基團可具有三個視需要選用之不同環。雜芳基部份基團可具有四個視需要選用之不同環。雜芳基部份基團可具有五個視需要選用之不同環。
稠合之環雜環烷基-芳基為與雜環烷基稠合之芳基。稠合之環雜環烷基-雜芳基為與雜環烷基稠合之雜芳基。稠合之環雜環烷基-環烷基為與環烷基稠合之雜環烷基。稠合之環雜環烷基-雜環烷基為與另一個雜環烷基稠合之雜環烷基。稠合之環雜環烷基-芳基、稠合之環雜環烷基-雜芳基、稠合之環雜環烷基-環烷基、或稠合之環雜環烷基-雜環烷基可分別獨立為未經取代或經一個或多個如本文說明之取代基取代。
本文所採用術語「側氧基」意指以雙鍵與碳原子鍵結之氧。
本文所採用術語「烷基磺醯基」意指具有如式-S(O2)-R'之部份基團,其中R'為如上述定義之經取代或未經取代之烷基。R'可具有指定之碳原子數(例如:「C1-C4烷基磺醯基」)。
上述各術語(例如:「烷基」、「雜烷基」、「環烷基」、「雜環烷基」、「芳基」、與「雜芳基」)同時包括所指示基團之經取代與未經取代型式。上述各類基團之較佳取代基提供於下文中。
烷基與雜烷基之取代基(包括彼等通常稱為伸烷基、烯基、雜伸烷基、雜烯基、炔基、環烷基、雜環烷基、環烯基、與雜環烯基之基團)可為,但不限於,選自下列之一或多種基團:-OR'、=O、=NR'、=N-OR'、-NR'R"、-SR'、-鹵素、-SiR'R"R'''、-OC(O)R'、-C(O)R'、-CO2R'、-CONR'R"、-OC(O)NR'R"、-NR"C(O)R'、-NR'-C(O)NR"R'''、-NR"C(O)2R'、-NR-C(NR'R"R''')=NR''''、-NR-C(NR'R")=NR'''、-S(O)R'、-S(O)2R'、-S(O)2NR'R"、-NRSO2R'、-NR'NR"R'''、-ONR'R"、-NR'C=(O)NR"NR'''R''''、-CN、-NO2,其數量為0至(2m'+1),其中m'為此等基團之碳原子總數。R、R'、R"、R'''、與R''''分別獨立較佳係指氫、經取代或未經取代之雜烷基、經取代或未經取代之環烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基、經取代或未經取代之芳基(例如:經1-3個鹵素取代之芳基)、經取代或未經取代之雜芳基、經取代
或未經取代之烷基、烷氧基、或硫烷氧基、或芳基烷基。當本發明化合物包括超過一個R基團時,例如:各R基團係分別獨立選擇,如同當R'、R"、R'''、與R''''基團出現超過一個時,此等基團係分別獨立選擇。當R'與R"附接同一個氮原子時,其等可與氮原子組合形成4-、5-、6-、或7-員環。例如:-NR'R"包括,但不限於:1-吡咯啶基與4-嗎啉基。由上述取代基之討論,習知此相關技藝者咸了解術語「烷基」意指包括含有與氫基以外之基團鍵結之碳原子之基團,如:鹵烷基(例如:-CF3與-CH2CF3)與醯基(例如:-C(O)CH3、-C(O)CF3、-C(O)CH2OCH3,與類似物)。
類似烷基所述之取代基,芳基與雜芳基之取代基可以變化且係選自例如:-OR'、-NR'R"、-SR'、-鹵素、-SiR'R"R'''、-OC(O)R'、-C(O)R'、-CO2R'、-CONR'R"、-OC(O)NR'R"、-NR"C(O)R'、-NR'-C(O)NR"R'''、-NR"C(O)2R'、-NR-C(NR'R"R''')=NR''''、-NR-C(NR'R")=NR'''、-S(O)R'、-S(O)2R'、-S(O)2NR'R"、-NRSO2R'、-NR'NR"R'''、-ONR'R"、-NR'C=(O)NR"NR'''R''''、-CN、-NO2、-R'、-N3、-CH(Ph)2、氟(C1-C4)烷氧基、與氟(C1-C4)烷基,其數量為從零至該芳香環系上開放價數之總數;及其中R'、R"、R'''、與R''''較佳係分別獨立選自:氫、經取代或未經取代之烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜烷基、經取代或未經取代之環烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基、經取代或未經取代之芳基、與經取代或未經取代之雜芳基。當本發明化合物包括超過一個R基團時,例如:各R基團係分別獨立選擇,如同
當R'、R"、R'''、與R''''基團出現超過一個時,此等基團係分別獨立選擇。
兩個或更多個取代基可視需要結合形成芳基、雜芳基、環烷基、或雜環烷基。此等所謂形成環之取代基雖然不一定,但通常係附接環狀基本結構。一項具體實施例中,該形成環之取代基係附接該基本結構之相鄰部分。例如:兩個形成環之取代基附接環狀基本結構之相鄰部分,形成稠合之環結構。另一項具體實施例中,該形成環之取代基附接該基本結構之單一部分。例如:兩個形成環之取代基附接環狀基本結構之單一部分,形成螺環結構。再另一項具體實施例中,該形成環之取代基附接該基本結構之非相鄰部分。
芳基或雜芳基環之兩個相鄰原子上之取代基可視需要形成如式-T-C(O)-(CRR')q-U-之環,其中T與U分別獨立為-NR-、-O-、-CRR'-、或單鍵,及q為整數0至3。或者,芳基或雜芳基環上相鄰原子上兩個取代基可視需要被如式-A-(CH2)r-B-取代基置換,其中A與B分別獨立為-CRR'-、-O-、-NR-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S(O)2NR'-、或單鍵,及r為整數1至4。所形成新環之其中一個單鍵可視需要被雙鍵置換。或者,芳基或雜芳基環上相鄰原子上兩個取代基可視需要被如式-(CRR')s-X'-(C"R"R''')d-取代基取代,其中s與d分別獨立為整數0至3,及X'為-O-、-NR'-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、或-S(O)2NR'-。取代基R、R'、R"、與R'''較佳係分別獨立選自氫、經取代或未
經取代之烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜烷基、經取代或未經取代之環烷基、經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基、經取代或未經取代之芳基、與經取代或未經取代之雜芳基。
本文所採用術語「雜原子」或「環雜原子」意指包括氧(O)、氮(N)、硫(S)、磷(P)、與矽(Si)。
本文所採用「取代基」意指選自下列部份基團之基團:(A)側氧基、鹵素、-CF3、-CN、-OH、-NH2、-COOH、-CONH2、-NO2、-SH、-SO3H、-SO4H、-SO2NH2、-NHNH2、-ONH2、-NHC=(O)NHNH2、-NHC=(O)NH2、-NHSO2H、-NHC=(O)H、-NHC(O)-OH、-NHOH、-OCF3、-OCHF2、未經取代之烷基、未經取代之雜烷基、未經取代之環烷基、未經取代之雜環烷基、未經取代之芳基、未經取代之雜芳基,及(B)烷基、雜烷基、環烷基、雜環烷基、芳基、雜芳基,經至少一個選自下列之取代基取代:(i)側氧基、鹵素、-CF3、-CN、-OH、-NH2、-COOH、-CONH2、-NO2、-SH、-SO3H、-SO4H、-SO2NH2、-NHNH2、-ONH2、-NHC=(O)NHNH2、-NHC=(O)NH2、-NHSO2H、-NHC=(O)H、-NHC(O)-OH、-NHOH、-OCF3、-OCHF2、未經取代之烷基、未經取代之雜烷基、未經取代之環烷基、未經取代之雜環烷基、未經取代之芳基、未經取代之雜芳基,與(ii)烷基、雜烷基、環烷基、雜環烷基、芳基、雜芳基,經至少一個選自下列之取代基取代:
(a)側氧基、鹵素、-CF3、-CN、-OH、-NH2、-COOH、-CONH2、-NO2、-SH、-SO3H、-SO4H、-SO2NH2、-NHNH2、-ONH2、-NHC=(O)NHNH2、-NHC=(O)NH2、-NHSO2H、-NHC=(O)H、-NHC(O)-OH、-NHOH、-OCF3、-OCHF2、未經取代之烷基、未經取代之雜烷基、未經取代之環烷基、未經取代之雜環烷基、未經取代之芳基、未經取代之雜芳基,與(b)烷基、雜烷基、環烷基、雜環烷基,芳基、雜芳基,經至少一個選自下列之取代基取代:側氧基、鹵素、-CF3、-CN、-OH、-NH2、-COOH、-CONH2、-NO2、-SH、-SO3H、-SO4H、-SO2NH2、-NHNH2、-ONH2、-NHC=(O)NHNH2、-NHC=(O)NH2、-NHSO2H、-NHC=(O)H、-NHC(O)-OH、-NHOH、-OCF3、-OCHF2、未經取代之烷基、未經取代之雜烷基、未經取代之環烷基、未經取代之雜環烷基、未經取代之芳基、未經取代之雜芳基。
本文所採用「受大小限制之取代基」或「受大小限制之取代基基團」意指選自上述「取代基基團」中所有取代基之基團,其中各經取代或未經取代之烷基為經取代或未經取代之C1-C20烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至20員雜烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C8環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至8員雜環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之芳基為經取代
或未經取代之C6-C10芳基,及各經取代或未經取代之雜芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至10員雜芳基。
本文所採用「低碳數取代基」或「低碳數取代基基團」意指選自上述「取代基基團」中之所有取代基之基團,其中各經取代或未經取代之烷基為經取代或未經取代之C1-C8烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至8員雜烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C7環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至7員雜環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之芳基為經取代或未經取代之C6-C10芳基,及各經取代或未經取代之雜芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至9員雜芳基。
有些具體實施例中,本發明化合物中說明之各取代基係經至少一個取代基取代。更明確言之,有些具體實施例中,本發明化合物中說明之各經取代之烷基、經取代之雜烷基、經取代之環烷基、經取代之雜環烷基、經取代之芳基、經取代之雜芳基、經取代之伸烷基、經取代之雜伸烷基、經取代之環伸烷基、經取代之雜環伸烷基、經取代之伸芳基、與/或經取代之雜伸芳基係經至少一個取代基取代。其他具體實施例中,至少一個或所有此等基團係經至少一個受分子大小限制之取代基取代。其他具體實施例中,至少一個或所有此等基團係經至少一個低碳數取代基取代。
本發明化合物之其他具體實施例中,各經
取代或未經取代之烷基可為經取代或未經取代之C1-C20烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至20員雜烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C8環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至8員雜環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之芳基為經取代或未經取代之C6-C10芳基,及/或各經取代或未經取代之雜芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至10員雜芳基。本發明化合物之有些具體實施例中,各經取代或未經取代之伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之C1-C20伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至20員雜伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C8環伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至8員雜環伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之伸芳基為經取代或未經取代之C6-C10伸芳基,及/或各經取代或未經取代之雜伸芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至10員雜伸芳基。
有些具體實施例中,各經取代或未經取代之烷基為經取代或未經取代之C1-C8烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至8員雜烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C7環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至7員雜環烷基,各經取代或未經取代之芳基為經取代或未經取代之C6-C10芳基,及/或各經取代或未經取代之雜芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至9員雜芳基。
有些具體實施例中,各經取代或未經取代之伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之C1-C8伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之2至8員雜伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之環伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之C3-C7環伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之雜環伸烷基為經取代或未經取代之3至7員雜環伸烷基,各經取代或未經取代之伸芳基為經取代或未經取代之C6-C10伸芳基,及/或各經取代或未經取代之雜伸芳基為經取代或未經取代之5至9員雜伸芳基。有些具體實施例中,化合物為如下文中實例章節、圖示、或表格所示之化學物質。
術語「醫藥上可接受之鹽類」依本文所說明化合物上特定取代基而定,意指包括由活性化合物與相當無毒性之酸或鹼類形成之鹽。當本發明化合物包含相當酸性官能基時,可由中性型式之此等化合物與足量所需鹼,於無溶劑或於合適惰性溶劑中接觸,得到鹼加成鹽。醫藥上可接受之鹼加成鹽實例包括鈉、鉀、鈣、銨、有機胺基、或鎂鹽、或類似鹽類。當本發明化合物包含相當鹼性官能基時,可由中性型式之此等化合物與足量所需酸,於無溶劑或於合適惰性溶劑中接觸,得到酸加成鹽。醫藥上可接受之酸加成鹽實例包括彼等由無機酸衍生者,如:鹽酸、氫溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、單氫碳酸、磷酸、一氫磷酸、二氫磷酸、硫酸、一氫硫酸、氫碘酸、或亞磷酸,與類似物,及衍生自相當無毒性有機酸之鹽類,如:乙酸、丙酸、異丁酸、馬來酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、
富馬酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、酞酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、與類似物。亦包括胺基酸之鹽類,如:精胺酸鹽,與類似物,及有機酸之鹽類,如:葡糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸,與類似物(參見例如:Berge等人,Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 66:1-19(1977))。某些特定本發明化合物同時包含鹼性與酸性官能基,讓化合物可以轉化成鹼或酸加成鹽。彼等習知此相關技藝之人士習知之其他醫藥上可接受之載劑適合本發明。鹽類比其對應游離鹼型更容易溶於水性或其他質子性溶劑中。其他例子中,製劑可為凍乾粉末含於1mM-50mM組胺酸、0.1%-2%蔗糖、2%-7%甘露糖醇,pH範圍4.5至5.5,使用前才使用緩衝液組合。
因此,本發明化合物可呈鹽類,如:與醫藥上可接受之酸形成之鹽。本發明包括此等鹽類。此等鹽類實例包括鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、硫酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、硝酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、乙酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、酒石酸鹽(例如:(+)-酒石酸鹽、(-)-酒石酸鹽、或其混合物,包括消旋混合物)、琥珀酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、及與胺基酸(如:麩胺酸)之鹽類。此等鹽可採用彼等習知此相關技藝之人士習知之方法製備。
較佳係由鹽與鹼或酸接觸,再生成中性型化合物,並依一般方式單離母化合物。母型化合物與各種不同鹽型之差異在於某些物理性質,如:於極性溶劑中之溶解度。
本文提供之藥劑(例如:化合物、前藥、醫療劑)可呈前藥型。本文所說明化合物之前藥為彼等容易在所選擇生理條件下進行化學變化產生最終製劑(例如:化合物、前藥、醫療劑)之化合物。此外,前藥可於離體環境下,利用化學或生化方法轉化成藥劑(例如:化合物、前藥、醫療劑)。本文所說明前藥包括容易在所選擇生理條件下進行化學變化,在生物系統(例如:個體內)中提供最終藥劑(例如:化合物、前藥、醫療劑)之化合物。
某些本發明化合物可呈非溶劑合物型及溶劑合物型,包括水合型。通常,溶劑合物型等同非溶劑合物型,且均包括在本發明範圍內。某些本發明化合物可呈多晶型或非晶型。通常,本發明所涵括之用途中,所有物理型式均同等且均包括在本發明範圍內。
本文所採用術語「鹽」意指本發明方法所使用化合物之酸或鹼鹽。可接受之鹽類實例為無機酸(鹽酸、氫溴酸、磷酸,與類似物)鹽類、有機酸(乙酸、丙酸、麩胺酸、檸檬酸,與類似物)鹽類、四級銨(甲基碘、乙基碘,與類似物)鹽類。
某些本發明化合物具有不對稱碳原子(光學或對掌性中心)或雙鍵;可依絕對立體化學定義之對映異構物、消旋物、非對映異構物、互變異構物、幾何異構物、立體異構物等型式(如(R)-或(S)-,或胺基酸之(D)-或(L)-,與個別異構物)均涵括在本發明範圍內。本發明化合物不包括彼等相關技藝習知太不安定以致無法合成與/或單離之
化合物。本發明意指包括呈消旋型或純光學型之化合物。光學活性(R)-與(S)-、或(D)-與(L)-異構物可採用對掌性合成單元或對掌性試劑製備,或採用習知技術解析。當本文說明之化合物包含烯烴鍵或其他幾何不對稱中心時,除非另有說明,否則意指同時包括E與Z幾何異構物之化合物。
本文所採用術語「異構物」係指具有相同原子數及相同種類原子,因此具有相同分子量,但原子之結構排列或組態不同之化合物。
本文所採用術語「互變異構物」係指兩種或更多種結構異構物呈平衡態且很容易互相轉換。
習知此相關技藝之人士咸了解,某些本發明化合物可能呈互變異構型,化合物之所有此等互變異構型均在本發明範圍內。
除非另有其他說明,否則本文出示之結構亦包括該結構之所有立體化學型;亦即各不對稱中心之R與S組態。因此,本化合物之單一立體化學異構物及對映異構物與非對映異構物混合物均在本發明範圍內。
除非另有其他說明,否則本文出示之結構亦包括其差異僅在於一個或多個富集放射活性之原子之化合物。例如:具有本結構但一個氫被氘或氚置換之化合物、或碳被富集13C或14C之碳置換之化合物均在本發明範圍內。
本發明化合物亦可在構成此等化合物之一
個或多個原子中包含非天然比例之原子同位素。例如:化合物可經過放射性同位素標記放射性,如,例如:氚(3H)、碘-125(125I)、或碳-14(14C)。本發明化合物之所有同位素變化,不論是否具有放射活性,均涵括在本發明範圍內。
「類似物(analog與analogue)」可交換使用,且係依據化學與生物學之一般定義使用,係指結構上類似另一種化合物(亦即所謂「參考」化合物),但組成上不同之化學化合物,例如:其中一個原子被不同元素之原子置換、或出現特定官能基、或其中一個官能基被另一個官能基置換、或參考化合物之一個或多個對掌性中心之絕對立體化學,包括其異構物。因此,類似物為功能與外觀上類似或可比擬參考化合物,但結構或來源不同於參考化合物之化合物。
在具體實施例中,本文所說明化合物可能包括多例R2與/或其他變數。此等具體實施例中,各變數可視需要相異且可經過適當標記,以便更清楚區分各基團。例如:若各R2相異時,則其等可分別稱為例如:R2.1、R2.2、R2.3、與/或R2.4,其中該R2係由R2.1、R2.2、R2.3、與/或R2.4定義。R2之定義中採用之變數與/或出現在多例中且相異之其他變數同樣可經過適當標記,以便更清楚區分各基團。有些具體實施例中,化合物為本文說明之化合物(例如:於態樣、具體實施例、實例、申請專利範圍、表格
、反應圖、圖式、或圖)。
本文所採用術語「一個」或「一種」意指一或多個。此外,本文所採用「經一個取代」意指該指定基團可能經任何一個或多個或所有指名之取代基取代。例如:若基團,如:烷基或雜芳基「經未經取代之C1-C20烷基、或未經取代之2至20員雜烷基取代」時,該基團可包含一個或多個未經取代之C1-C20烷基、與/或一個或多個未經取代之2至20員雜烷基。
若部份基團經R取代基取代時,該基團可稱為「R-取代之」。若部份基團為R-取代時,該部份基團係經至少一個R取代基取代,且各R取代基可視需要相異。例如:若本文之部份基團為R12-取代或未經取代之烷基時,可能有複數個R12取代基附接烷基部份基團,其中各R12取代基可視需要相異。其中R-取代之部份基團係經複數個R取代基取代,各R-取代基可能在本文中以角分符號(')區分,如:R'、R",等等。例如:若部份基團為R12-取代或未經取代之烷基時,該部份基團係經複數個R12取代基取代,該等複數個R12取代基可區分為R12'、R12"、R12''',等等。一項具體實施例中,該複數個R取代基為3個。一項具體實施例中,該複數個R取代基為2個。
在具體實施例中,本文說明之化合物可能包括多例R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14與/或其他變數。此等具體實施例中,各變數可視需要相異且可經過適當標識,以便更清楚區分各基團。
例如:若各R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、與/或R14相異時,其等可分別稱為例如:R1.1、R1.2、R1.3、R1.4、R2.1、R2.2、R2.3、R24、R3.1、R3.2、R3.3、R3.4、R4.1、R4.2、R4.3、R4.4、R5.1、R5.2、R5.3、R5.4、R6.1、R6.2、R6.3、R6.4、R7.1、R7.2、R7.3、R7.4、R9.1、R9.2、R9.3、R9.4、R10.1、R10.2、R10.3、R10.4、R11.1、R11.2、R11.3、R11.4、R12.1、R12.1、R12.3、R12.4、R13.1、R13.2、R13.3、R13.4、R14.1、R14.2、R14.3、與/或R14.4,其中該R1係由R1.1、R1.2、R1.3、與/或R1.4定義,R2係由R2.1、R2.2、R2.3、與/或R2.4,R3係由R3.1、R3.2、R3.3、與/或R3.4定義,R4係由R4.1、R4.2、R4.3、與/或R4.4定義,R5係由R5.1、R5.2、R5.3、與/或R5.4定義,R6係由R6.1、R6.2、R6.3、與/或R6.4定義,R7係由R7.1、R7.2、R7.3、與/或R7.4定義,R9係由R9.1、R9.2、R93、與/或R9.4定義,R10係由R10.1、R10.2、R10.3、與/或R10.4定義,R11係由R11.1、R11.2、R11.3、與/或R11.4定義,R12係由R12.1、R12.2、R12.3、與/或R12.4定義,R13係由R13.1、R13.2、R13.3、與/或R13.4定義,R14係由R14.1、R14.2、R14.3、與/或R14.4。R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13與/或R14、與/或出現在多例中且相異之其他變數之定義內採用之變數同經過適當標識,以便更清楚區分各基團。
本發明化合物之說明受到彼等習知此相關技藝之人士已知之化學鍵結原理之限制。因此,若基團可經一個或多個許多種取代基取代時,可選擇此等符合化學鍵結原理之取代法,並產生不會出現本性不安定性質及/
或不會在習知此相關技藝之人士已知可能環境條件如:水性、中性、與數種已知生理條件下不安定之化合物。例如:雜環烷基或雜芳基係依符合彼等習知此相關技藝之人士已知之化學鍵結原理,利用環雜原子附接其餘分子,藉以避免產生本性不安定之化合物。
抗體為內部結構錯綜複雜之大型複合分子(分子量~150,000或約1320個胺基酸)。天然抗體分子包含兩對相同多肽鏈,每一對具有一條輕鏈與一條重鏈。各輕鏈與重鏈進而由兩個區域組成:涉及結合標靶抗原之可變(「V」)區,及與免疫系統其他組份交互作用之恆定(「C」)區。該輕鏈與重鏈可變區三度空間共同形成會結合抗原(例如:細胞表面上受體)之可變區。各輕鏈或重鏈可變區中,有三個短節段(平均長度10個胺基酸),稱為互補決定區(「CDR」)。抗體可變功能域中6個CDR(三個來自輕鏈及三個來自重鏈)在三度空間上共同折疊形成可接收標靶抗原之真正抗體結合位點。CDR之位置與長度已由Kabat,E.等人(Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,U.S.Department of Health and Human Services,1983,1987)精準地界定。不含在CDR中之可變區部份稱為骨架區(「FR」),形成CDR之環境。
術語「抗體」係依據相關技藝習知定義使用。抗體呈例如:完整免疫球蛋白或由各種不同肽酶消化成許多已完全確立之片段。因此例如:胃蛋白酶分解鉸鏈區中二硫連接基以下之抗體,產生F(ab)'2,係Fab之二聚
體,其本身為利用二硫鍵連接VH-CH1之輕鏈。F(ab)'2可於溫和條件下還原,打開鉸鏈區中二硫連接基,藉以轉化F(ab)'2二聚體形成Fab'單體。Fab'單體基本上為具有一部份鉸鏈區之Fab(參見Fundamental Immunology(Paul編輯,第3版,1993)。雖然可依完整抗體之消化作用來定義各種不同抗體片段,但習知此相關技藝者咸了解,此等片段可能利用化學法或採用重組體DNA方法重新合成。因此,本文所採用術語「抗體」亦包括由全抗體經過修飾產生之抗體片段,或為採用重組體DNA方法重新合成者(例如:單鏈Fv)或彼等採用噬菌體呈現庫判別者(參見例如:McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-554(1990))。
製備單株或多株抗體時,相關技藝上已知任何技術均可採用(參見例如:Kohler & Milstein,Nature 256:495-497(1975);Kozbor等人,Immunology Today 4:72(1983);Cole等人,pp.77-96,Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy(1985))。「單株」抗體(mAb)係指衍生自單一純系之抗體。可擷用製造單鏈抗體之技術(美國專利案案號4,946,778)來製造針對本發明多肽之抗體。此外,可採用轉基因小鼠、或其他生物體如其他哺乳動物,來表現人類化抗體。或者,可採用噬菌體呈現技術來判別專一性結合所選擇抗原之抗體與雜聚Fab片段(參見例如:McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-554(1990);Marks等人,Biotechnology 10:779-783(1992))。
mAb之抗原決定基為mAb與其抗原結合之
區域。若兩種抗體競爭性抑制(阻斷)與另一個抗原結合時,則這兩種抗體結合在相同或重疊之抗原決定基。亦即在競爭結合分析法中,其中一種抗體需要過量1x、5x、10x、20x或100x才可抑制另一種抗體之結合達至少30%,但較佳係50%、75%、90%或甚至99%(參見例如:Junghans等人,Cancer Res.50:1495,1990)。或者,若可降低或消除與其中一種抗體之結合性之抗原中基本上所有胺基酸突變會降低或消除另一種抗體之結合性時,則這兩種抗體具有相同抗原決定基。若可降低或消除其中一種抗體結合性之有些胺基酸突變會降低或消除另一種抗體之結合性時,則這兩種抗體具有重疊抗原決定基。
抗體呈現例如:完整免疫球蛋白或由各種不同肽酶消分解成許多已完全確立之片段。因此例如:胃蛋白酶消分解鉸鏈區中二硫連接基以下之抗體,產生F(ab)'2,係Fab之二聚體,其本身為利用二硫鍵連接VH-CH1之輕鏈。F(ab)’2可於溫和條件下還原,打開鉸鏈區中二硫連接基,藉以轉化F(ab)'2二聚體形成Fab'單體。Fab’單體基本上為具有一部份鉸鏈區之抗原結合部份(參見Fundamental Immunology(Paul編輯,第3版,1993))。雖然可依完整抗體之分解作用來定義各種不同抗體片段,但習知此相關技藝者咸了解,此等片段可能利用化學法或採用重組體DNA方法重新合成。因此,本文所採用術語抗體亦包括由全抗體經過修飾產生之抗體片段,或為採用重組體DNA方法重新合成者(例如:單鏈Fv)或採用噬菌體呈現庫
判別者(參見例如:McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-554(1990))。
單鏈可變片段(scFv)通常為免疫球蛋白之重鏈(VH)與輕鏈(VL)之可變區利用10至約25個胺基酸之短連接肽連接成之融合蛋白質。該連接體通常富含提供撓性之甘胺酸及提供溶解性之絲胺酸或蘇胺酸。該連接體可連接VH之N-末端與VL之C-末端,或反之亦然。
可採用相關技藝上已知之許多技術來製備合適之本發明抗體及根據本發明使用,例如:重組體、單株、或多株抗體(參見例如:Kohler & Milstein,Nature 256:495-497(1975);Kozbor等人,Immunology Today 4:72(1983);Cole等人,pp.77-96,Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy,Alan R.Liss,Inc.(1985);Coligan,Current Protocols in Immunology(1991);Harlow & Lane,Antibodies,A Laboratory Manual(1988);及Goding,Monoclonal Antibodies:Principles and Practice(第2版,1986))。可從細胞選殖編碼所需抗體之重鏈與輕鏈之基因,例如:可從融合瘤中單離編碼單株抗體之基因,並用於製造重組體單株抗體。亦可從融合瘤或漿細胞製備編碼單株抗體之重鏈與輕鏈之基因庫。由重鏈與輕鏈基因產物之隨機組合產生具有不同抗原專一性之大量抗體集合(參見例如:Kuby,Immunology(第3版,1997))。可適用製造單鏈抗體或重組體抗體之技術(美國專利案4,946,778、美國專利案案號4,816,567)來製造針對本發明多肽之抗體。此外,可採用轉
基因小鼠、或其他生物體如:其他哺乳動物,來表現人類化或人類抗體(參見例如:美國專利案案號5,545,807;5,545,806;5,569,825;5,625,126;5,633,425;5,661,016;Marks等人,Bio/Technology 10:779-783(1992);Lonberg等人,Nature 368:856-859(1994);Morrison,Nature 368:812-13(1994);Fishwild等人,Nature Biotechnology 14:845-51(1996);Neuberger,Nature Biotechnology 14:826(1996);與Lonberg & Huszar,Intern.Rev.Immunol.13:65-93(1995))。或者,可採用噬菌體呈現技術來判別專一性結合所選擇抗原之抗體與雜聚Fab片段(參見例如:McCafferty等人,Nature 348:552-554(1990);Marks等人,Biotechnology 10:779-783(1992))。抗體亦可製成雙專一性,亦即可以辨識兩種不同抗原(參見例如:WO 93/08829,Traunecker等人,EMBO J.10:3655-3659(1991);與Suresh等人,Methods in Enzymology 121:210(1986))。抗體亦可為雜接合物例如:兩個共價連結之抗體、或免疫毒素,參見例如:美國專利案案號4,676,980、WO 91/00360;WO 92/200373;與EP 03089)。
人類化或靈長動物化非人類抗體之方法係相關技藝習知者(例如:美國專利案案號4,816,567;5,530,101;5,859,205;5,585,089;5,693,761;5,693,762;5,777,085;6,180,370;6,210,671;與6,329,511;WO 87/02671;歐洲專利申請案0173494;Jones等人(1986)Nature 321:522;與Verhoyen等人(1988)Science 239:1534)。人類化抗體進一步說明於例如:Winter與Milstein(1991)Nature 349:293
。通常,在人類化抗體中引進一個或多個來自非人類來源之胺基酸殘基。此等非人類胺基酸殘基經常稱為輸入殘基,其等通常取自輸入可變功能域。基本上可依Winter與其同事之方法進行人類化(參見例如:Morrison等人,PNAS USA,81:6851-6855(1984);Jones等人,Nature 321:522-525(1986);Riechmann等人,Nature 332:323-327(1988);Morrison與Oi,Adv.Immunol.,44:65-92(1988);Verhoeyen等人,Science 239:1534-1536(1988)與Presta,Curr.Op.Struct.Biol.2:593-596(1992);Padlan,Molec.Immun.,28:489-498(1991);Padlan,Molec.Immun.,31(3):169-217(1994)),由囓齒類CDRs或CDR序列取代人類抗體之對應序列。因此,此等人類化抗體為嵌合抗體(美國專利案案號4,816,567),其中實質上小於完整之人類可變功能域已被來自非人類物種之相應序列取代。實際上,人類化抗體通常為其中有些CDR殘基及可能有些FR殘基被來自囓齒類抗體中類似位點之殘基取代之人類抗體。例如:可採用合成法或組合適當之cDNA與基因組DNA節段,製成包含編碼人類化免疫球蛋白架構區之第一序列與編碼所需免疫球蛋白互補決定區之第二序列組之聚核苷酸。可依據習知製程,從各種不同人類細胞中單離人類恆定區DNA序列。
「嵌合抗體」為抗體分子中(a)恆定區、或其一部份已改變、置換或交換,以致抗原結合位點(可變區)所連接之恆定區為不同種類或已改變種類、效應或功能與/或物種、或賦與該嵌合抗體新性質之完全不同分子,例如
:酵素、毒素、激素、生長因子、藥物,等等;或(b)可變區、或其一部份已被具有不同或已改變抗原專一性之可變區改變、置換、或交換。本發明較佳抗體及根據本發明使用之較佳抗體包括人類化與/或嵌合單株抗體。
由醫療劑與抗體接合之技術係相關技藝上習知者(參見例如:Arnon等人,"Monoclonal Antibodies For Immunotargeting Of Drugs In Cancer Therapy",in Monoclonal Antibodies And Cancer Therapy,Reisfeld等人(編輯),pp.243-56(Alan R.Liss,Inc.1985);Hellstrom等人,“Antibodies For Drug Delivery”in Controlled Drug Delivery (第2版),Robinson等人(編輯),pp.623-53(Marcel Dekker,Inc.1987);Thorpe,"Antibody Carriers Of Cytotoxic Agents In Cancer Therapy:A Review" in Monoclonal Antibodies‘84:Biological And Clinical Applications,Pinchera等人(eds.),pp.475-506(1985);及Thorpe等人,"The Preparation And Cytotoxic Properties Of Antibody-Toxin Conjugates",Immunol.Rev.,62:119-58(1982))。本文所採用術語「抗體-藥物接合物」或「ADC」係指醫療劑與抗體接合或共價鍵結。本文中之「醫療劑」係指適合用於治療或預防疾病(如:癌症)之組成物。
當提及蛋白質或肽時,片語與抗體「專一性(或選擇性)結合」或「專一性(或選擇性)免疫反應」係指該結合反應經常在雜源性之蛋白質族群與其他生物物質中可決定蛋白質之存在。因此,在指定之免疫分析條件下,
專一性抗體與特定蛋白質之結合性為背景值之至少2倍,更常超過背景值之10至100倍。於此等條件下與抗體之專一性結合需要選擇針對特定蛋白質具有專一性之抗體。例如:可選擇多株抗體來僅得到一小組對所選擇抗原具有專一免疫反應性,但對其他蛋白質則無反應性之抗體。此選擇可藉由抽出會與其他分子交叉反應之抗體來達成。可採用各種不同免疫分析模式來選擇與特定蛋白質進行專一性免疫反應之抗體。例如:例行採用固相ELISA免疫分析法來選擇與蛋白質進行專一性免疫反應之抗體(有關免疫分析法及用於測定專一性免疫反應性之條件可參見例如:Harlow & Lane,Using Antibodies,A Laboratory Manual(1998))。
「配體」係指可以與受體結合之製劑,例如:多肽或其他分子。
「接觸」係依據其一般定義使用,且係指讓至少兩種不同物種(例如:化學化合物,包括生物分子或細胞)足以緊密接近而反應、交互作用或物理上接觸。然而應咸了解,所得反應產物可由外加之試劑之間反應直接產生或由一或多種外加試劑於反應混合物中產生之中間物產生。
術語「接觸」可能包括讓兩種物種反應、交互作用或物理上接觸,其中該兩種物種可能為例如:本文提供之醫藥組成物與細胞。具體實施例中,接觸包括例如:讓本文說明之醫藥組成物與細胞或患者交互作用。
除非另有說明,否則本文所採用技術與科學術語具有習知此相關技藝之人士咸了解之相同定義。參見例如:Singleton等人,DICTIONARY OF MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,第2版,J.Wiley & Sons(New York,NY 1994);Sambrook等人,MOLECULAR CLONING,A LABORATORY MANUAL,Cold Springs Harbor Press(Cold Springs Harbor,NY 1989)。任何與本文說明之方法、裝置與材料類似或相同者均可用於操作本發明。提供下列定義有助於了解本文常用之某些術語,且無意限制本揭示內容之範圍。
「核酸」意指去氧核糖核苷酸或核糖核苷酸及其呈單股或雙股型之聚合物、與其補體。術語「聚核苷酸」意指線性核苷酸序列。術語「核苷酸」通常意指聚核苷酸之單一單位,亦即單體。核苷酸可為核糖核苷酸、去氧核糖核苷酸、或其經修飾之型式。本文所涵括聚核苷酸實例包括單股與雙股DNA、單股與雙股RNA(包括siRNA)、及具有單股與雙股DNA與RNA混合物之雜合分子。本文所採用核酸亦指具有與天然核酸相同基本化學結構之核酸。此等類似物具有經修飾之糖與/或經修飾之環取代基,但仍保留與天然核酸相同基本化學結構。核酸擬似物意指結構上不同於核酸之一般化學結構,但功能上類似天然核酸之化合物。此等類似物實例包括(但不限於):硫代磷酸酯、胺基磷酸酯、甲基膦酸酯、對掌性甲基膦酸酯、2-O-甲基核糖核苷酸、與肽-核酸(PNA)。
術語「多肽」、「肽」、與「蛋白質」在本文中可以互換使用,意指胺基酸殘基之聚合物,其中該聚合物可能在一項具體實施例中接合不由胺基酸構成之部份基團。該術語適用於其中一個或多個胺基酸殘基為對應於天然胺基酸之人工化學擬似物之胺基酸聚合物,以及天然胺基酸聚合物與非天然胺基酸聚合物。「融合蛋白質」意指編碼兩種或更多種分開蛋白質序列且經過重組表現單一部份基團之嵌合蛋白質。
術語「肽基」與「肽基部份基團」意指單價肽。
術語「胺基酸」意指是天然及合成之胺基酸,以及功能上類似天然胺基酸之胺基酸類似物與胺基酸擬似物。天然胺基酸係彼等由遺傳密碼子編碼者,及後來被修飾者,例如:羥基脯胺酸、γ-羧基麩胺酸與O-磷酸絲胺酸。胺基酸類似物係指具有和天然胺基酸相同基本化學結構之化合物,亦即與氫、羧基、胺基、及R基團結合的α-碳,例如:高碳絲胺酸、正白胺酸、甲硫胺酸亞碸、甲硫胺酸甲基鋶。此等類似物具有經修飾之R基團(例如:正白胺酸)或經修飾之肽主鏈,但是保留著與天然胺基酸相同之基本化學結構。胺基酸擬似物意指具有與一般胺基酸化學結構不同結構,但其功能上類似天然胺基酸方式之化學化合物。術語「非天然存在胺基酸」與「非天然胺基酸」係指不存在於天然界之胺基酸類似物、合成之胺基酸、與胺基酸擬似物。
本文中的胺基酸可採用通常已知的IUPAC-IUB生物化學命名委員會推薦的三字母符號或單字母符號代表。同樣地,核苷酸可採用其通常接受的單字母密碼代表。
「保守性修飾變體」適用於胺基酸和核酸序列。在特定核酸序列方面,「保守性修飾變體」意指彼等編碼相同或基本上相同胺基酸序列之核酸。由於遺傳密碼的簡併性,許多核酸編碼將編碼任何特定蛋白質。例如,密碼子GCA、GCC、GCG和GCU均編碼丙胺酸胺基酸。因此,在每一個由一個密碼子指定為丙胺酸的位置上,該密碼子可改變為任何一個所述的對應密碼子,而不會改變所編碼的多肽。此等核酸改變是「靜默改變」,其係一種保守性修飾改變。本文中編碼多肽的每一條核酸序列亦說明該核酸之每一種可能的靜默改變。習知此相關技藝者咸了解,核酸中各密碼子(AUG(其通常係甲硫胺酸之唯一密碼子)及TGG(其通常係色胺酸之唯一密碼子)除外)都可經過修飾,產生功能相同的分子。因此,編碼多肽之核酸之各靜默改變係暗含在每一個所述序列中。
習知此相關技藝之人士咸了解,胺基酸序列上,對核酸、肽、多肽、或蛋白質序列進行能夠改變、添加或刪除所編碼序列中的單一胺基酸或小百分比的胺基酸的個別置換、刪除或添加係一種「保守性修飾變體」,其中的改變導致胺基酸被化學上類似之胺基酸取代。提供功能上類似之胺基酸的保守性取代之表格係相關技藝上熟知
者。此等保守性修飾變體另外包括且不排除本發明的多形態變體、種間同源序列、與等位基因。
下列八組各含有可以彼此保守性取代的胺基酸:1)丙胺酸(A),甘胺酸(G);2)天冬胺酸(D),麩胺酸(E);3)天冬醯胺(N),麩胺醯胺(Q);4)精胺酸(R),離胺酸(K);5)異白胺酸(I),白亮胺酸(L),甲硫胺酸(M),纈胺酸(V);6)苯丙胺酸(F),酪胺酸(Y),色胺酸(W);7)絲胺酸(S),蘇胺酸(T);及8)半胱胺酸(C),甲硫胺酸(M)(參見例如:Creighton,Proteins(1984)。
當用在指定胺基酸或聚核苷酸序列編號時,術語「參考」或「對應」編號係指當胺基酸或聚核苷酸序列與特定參考序列比對時之參考序列之殘基編號。當蛋白質中胺基酸殘基佔據蛋白質內指定殘基之基本上相同位置時,即係「對應」該指定殘基。習知此相關技藝之人士容易了解在其他蛋白質中以不同編號系統對應於蛋白質(例如:ROR-1)中特定位置之同一性與定位。例如:與蛋白質(例如:ROR-1)進行簡單序列排比,對應於該蛋白質特定位置之殘基之同一性與定位將與相對該蛋白質排比之其他蛋白質序列相同。例如:當選定某殘基佔據之基本空間或
其他結構關係與位置138之麩胺酸相同時,則該選定某蛋白質中之選定某殘基對應於位置138之麩胺酸。有些具體實施例中,若選定某蛋白質與蛋白質排比呈最大同源性,該排比之選定蛋白質對準麩胺酸138時,則稱其對應於麩胺酸138。亦可改用三度空間結構排比來替代一級序列排比,例如:若選定某蛋白質之結構與位置138之麩胺酸排比呈最大對應性時,則比對整個結構。此時,胺基酸佔據之位置基本上與結構模式中麩胺酸138相同時,則稱其對應於麩胺酸138殘基。
「序列同一性百分比」係由兩個最佳排比之序列在比對窗口上比對,其中兩個序列之最佳排比時,比對窗口中一部份聚核苷酸或多肽序列可能相較於參考序列(不包含加成或缺失)而包含加成或缺失(亦即間隙)。百分比之計算係藉由測定兩個序列中出現相同核酸鹼基或胺基酸殘基之位置數量,產生匹配位置之數量,由匹配位置數量除以比對窗口中位置總數,所得結果乘以100,產生序列同一性百分比。
用在兩個或更多個核酸或多肽序列中之術語「相同」或「同一性」百分比意指當兩個或更多個序列或小序列比對並在比對窗口或指定區時,採取下列一種序列比對演算法或手動排比與目視檢測,進行排比其最大對應性時為相同,或具有特定之相同胺基酸殘基或核苷酸百分比(亦即在特定區域(例如:整個本發明多肽序列或本發明多肽之個別功能域)為60%同一性,可視需要為65%、
70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、98%、或99%同一性)。此等序列稱為「實質上相同」。此定義亦指測試序列之補體。可視需要在長度至少約50個核苷酸之區域,或更佳為長度100至500個或1000或更多個核苷酸之區域內之同一性。
在序列比對時,一般以一種序列作為與測試序列比對之參考序列。當使用序列比對演算法時,將測試序列和參考序列輸入電腦,若必要時,指定子序列座標,並指定序列演算程式參數。可採用預設程式參數,或可指定替代參數。然後序列比對演算法即可依據程式參數,計算測試序列相對於參考序列之序列同一性百分比。
本文採用之「比對窗口」包括提及具有選自例如:下列各物所組成群中任何數量之連續位置之區段:全長度序列或20-600、約50至約200、或約100至約150個胺基酸或核苷酸,其中在將兩個序列以最佳方式進行排比後,可以將一條序列與具有相同數目連續位置的參考序列進行比對。用於比對之序列排比方法係相關技術習知者。用於比對之最佳序列排比法可採用例如以下方法進行:Smith與Waterman(1970)Adv.Appl.Math.2:482c之局部同源演算法,Needleman與Wunsch(1970)J.Mol.Biol.48:443之同源比對演算法,Pearson與Lipman(1988)Proc.Nat’l.Acad.Sci.USA 85:2444之相似性搜索法,透過此等演算法的電腦化工具(GAP、BESTFIT、FASTA、與TFASTA(Wisconsin Genetics Software Package套裝軟體,
Genetics Computer Group,575 Science Dr.,Madison,WI)、或透過人工排比及目視觀察(參見例如:Ausubel等人,Current Protocols in Molecular Biology(1995增刊))。
適合用於測定序列同一性和序列相似性百分比之演算法實例為BLAST和BLAST2.0演算法,其等分別說明於Altschul等人,(1977)Nuc.Acids Res.25:3389-3402與Altschul等人,(1990)J.Mol.Biol.215:403-410。進行BLAST分析之軟體可透過美國國家生物技術資訊中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information(網站:ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/))公開取得。該演算法包括首先藉由判別查詢序列中的具有長度W的短字串,來判別高得分之成對序列(HSP),當與資料庫序列中相同長度的字串進行排比時,其係匹配或符合一些正值的閾值得分T。T稱為相鄰字串得分閾值(Altschul等人,見上文)。此等起始相鄰字串匹配(word hit)作為種子用於開始搜尋含其等之更長HSP。只要可增加累積排比得分,即可讓該等字串匹配沿著每條序列雙向延伸。對於核苷酸序列,使用參數M(一對匹配殘基的獎分;總是>0)及N(錯配殘基的罰分;總是<0)計算累積得分。對於胺基酸序列,使用得分矩陣來計算累積得分。當:累積排比得分從其最大獲得值降低了數量X時;由於累積一個或多個負得分殘基排比,該累積得分達到零或更低時;或到達任一序列的末端時,各方向上的字串匹配延伸即會終止。該BLAST演算法參數W、T與X決定排比的靈敏度和速度。BLASTN程式(針對
核苷酸序列)使用字串長度(W)為11、期望值(E)為10、M=5、N=-4及兩股之比對作為預設值。針對胺基酸序列,該BLASTN程式使用字串長度為3、期望值(E)為10,及BLOSUM62得分矩陣(參見Henikoff與Henikoff(1989)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 89:10915)排比(B)為50、期望值(E)為10、M=5、N=-4、及兩股之比對作為預設值。
BLAST演算法亦執行兩個序列之間相似性之統計分析(參見例如:Karlin與Altschul(1993)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:5873-5787)。由BLAST演算法提供之一種相似性測定法為最小總和機率(smallest sum probability)(P(N)),其提供兩種核苷酸或胺基酸序列之間可能匹配之機率。例如:若測試核酸與參考核酸比對時之最小總和機率低於約0.2,更佳為低於約0.01,及最佳為低於約0.001時,則該等核酸即視為與參考序列類似。
若指示兩種核酸序列或多肽實質上相同時,由第一種核酸編碼之多肽會與針對第二種核酸所編碼多肽引發之抗體產生免疫交叉反應,如下文說明。因此,例如:若兩種肽僅在保守性取代上出現差異時,則多肽通常與第二多肽實質上相同。另一種指示兩種核酸序列實質上相同時,該兩個分子或其補體會在嚴苛條件下彼此雜合,如下文說明。又另一種指示兩種核酸序列實質上相同時,係指相同引子可用於擴增序列。
當蛋白質採用術語「單離」時,意指蛋白質基本上不含其他在天然狀態下與其結合之細胞組份。雖
然其可呈乾物或水溶液,但較佳係呈均質態。純度與均質度通常採用分析化學技術決定,如:聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳法或高效液相層析法。存在於製劑中作為主要物質之蛋白質實質上已純化。術語「純化」意指該蛋白質在電泳凝膠上實質上產生一條條帶。特定言之,其指該蛋白質為至少85%純度,更佳係至少95%純度,最佳係至少99%純度。
當提及蛋白質或肽時,片語與抗體「專一性(或選擇性)結合」或「與專一性(或選擇性)免疫反應」係指該結合反應可在蛋白質與其他生物物質之非均相族群中決定該蛋白質之存在。因此,在指定免疫分析條件下,該專一性抗體與特定蛋白質之結合性為背景值之至少2倍,且實質上不會有顯著量與樣本中其他蛋白質顯著結合。通常,專一性或選擇性反應為背景訊號或雜訊之至少2倍,且更常超過背景值之10至100倍。
本文所採用「細胞」係指可進行足以保留或複製其基因組DNA之代謝或其他功能之細胞。細胞可採用相關技藝中習知方法判別,包括例如:完整膜之存在、利用特定染劑染色、產生後代之能力、或若為配子時,則為其與第二配子組合產生活的後代之能力。細胞可能包括原核生物與真核生物細胞。原核生物細胞包括(但不限於)細菌。真核生物細胞包括(但不限於)酵母細胞及來自植物與動物之細胞,例如:哺乳動物、昆蟲(例如:蛾類(spodoptera))與人類細胞。
本文在提及蛋白質抑制劑(例如:受體拮抗
劑或訊號轉導途徑抑制劑)交互作用時所採用術語「抑制作用」、「抑制」、「抑制性」,與類似術語意指相對於沒有抑制劑時之蛋白質活性或功能,負向影響(例如:降低)蛋白質活性或功能(例如:降低受體或蛋白質之活性)。有些具體實施例中,抑制作用係指降低疾病(例如:癌症)或疾病症狀。因此,抑制作用包括至少部份、部份或完全阻斷刺激、降低、防止、或延緩活化、或滅活、失敏、或下調訊號轉導或酵素活性或蛋白質(例如:受體)之含量。同樣地,「抑制劑」為抑制受體或另一種蛋白質之化合物或蛋白質,例如:藉由結合、部份或完全阻斷、降低、防止、延緩、滅活、失敏、或下調活性(例如:受體活性或蛋白質活性)。
本文所提供術語「BTK拮抗劑」係指可以相對於對照組抑制BTK活性之物質。被抑制之BTK活性可比對照組下降10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更低活性。某些例子中,該抑制作用為對照組之1.5倍、2倍、3倍、4倍、5倍、10倍、或更高。BTK拮抗劑抑制BTK活性,例如:使BTK之訊號轉導、活性或含量比沒有BTK拮抗劑時至少部份、部份或完全阻斷刺激、降低、防止、或延緩活化、或滅活、失敏、或下調。
本文所提供術語「ROR-1拮抗劑」係指可以相對於對照組抑制ROR-1活性之物質。被抑制之ROR-1活性可比對照組下降10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更低活性。某些例子中,該抑制作用為對照組之1.5倍、2倍、3倍、4倍、5倍、10倍、或更高。ROR-1
拮抗劑抑制ROR-1活性,例如:使ROR-1之訊號轉導、活性或含量比沒有ROR-1拮抗劑時至少部份、部份或完全阻斷刺激、降低、防止、或延緩活化、或滅活、失敏、或下調。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑為抗體或小分子。
術語「拮抗劑」在本文中可以與抑制劑交換使用。
本文所採用「醫療有效劑量或用量」意指能產生投藥目的療效(例如治療或預防疾病)時之劑量。準確的劑量與調配物取決於治療目的,並由習知此相關技藝之人士採用已知技術來確定(參見例如:Lieberman,Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms(vols.1-3,1992);Lloyd,The The Art,Science and Technology of Pharmaceutical Compounding 1999);Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,20th Edition,Gennaro,Editor(2003);及Pickar,Dosage Calculations(1999))。例如:針對特定參數,醫療有效量將顯示提高或降低至少5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、40%、50%、60%、75%、80%、90%、或至少100%。醫藥有效量亦可呈提高或降低之「倍數」表示。例如:醫療有效量可比標準對照組具有至少1.2倍、1.5倍、2倍、5倍、或更高之效應。醫療有效劑量或用量可緩解一或多種疾病症狀。當該投藥效應在於治療處於發展出疾病風險的人時,該醫療有效劑量或用量可防止或延緩疾病或一或多種疾病症狀發作。
「抗癌劑」係依據其一般常見方式使用且
係指具有抗腫瘤性質或有能力抑制細胞生長或增生之組成物(例如:化合物、藥物、拮抗劑、抑制劑、調控劑)。有些具體實施例中,抗癌劑為化療劑。有些具體實施例中,抗癌劑為本文已判定具有治療癌症之方法用途之藥劑。有些具體實施例中,抗癌劑為FDA或美國以外的國家之類似管理機關所核准用於治療癌症之藥劑。抗癌劑實例包括,但不限於:MEK(例如:MEK1、MEK2、或MEK1與MEK2)抑制劑(例如:XL518、CI-1040、PD035901、斯利替尼(selumetinib)/AZD6244、GSK1120212/曲美替尼(trametinib)、GDC-0973、ARRY-162、ARRY-300、AZD8330、PD0325901、U0126、PD98059、TAK-733、PD318088、AS703026、BAY 869766)、烷化劑(例如:環磷醯胺、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、白消安(busulfan)、馬法蘭(melphalan)、二氯甲基二乙胺(mechlorethamine)、尿嘧啶氮芥(uramustine)、噻替哌(thiotepa)、亞硝基脲、氮芥類(例如:雙(2-氯乙基)甲胺(mechloroethamine)、環磷醯胺、苯丁酸氮芥、美法蘭(meiphalan))、乙烯亞胺與甲基三聚氰胺(例如:六甲基三聚氰胺、噻替哌)、磺酸烷基酯類(例如:白消安(busulfan))、亞硝基脲(例如:卡莫司汀(carmustine)、洛莫司汀(lomusitne)、希莫司汀(semustine)、鏈脲佐菌素(streptozocin))、三氮烯類(triazenes)(達卡巴仁(decarbazine)))、抗代謝物(例如:硫唑嘌呤(5-azathioprine)、若克瘤(leucovorin)、截瘤達(capecitabine)、福達樂
(fludarabine)、吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、愛寧達(pemetrexed)、雷替曲塞(raltitrexed)、葉酸類似物(例如:胺甲蝶呤(methotrexate))、或嘧啶類似物(例如:氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil)、氟脫氧尿苷(floxouridine)、阿糖胞苷(Cytarabine))、嘌呤類似物(例如:氫硫基嘌呤、硫鳥嘌呤(thioguanine)、噴司他汀(pentostatin)),等等)、植物生物鹼(例如:長春新鹼(vincristine)、長春花鹼(vinblastine)、長春瑞濱(vinorelbine)、長春地辛(vindesine)、鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin)、太平洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、歐洲紫杉醇(docetaxel),等等)、拓樸異構酶抑制劑(例如:伊立替康(irinotecan)、托普迪肯(topotecan)、安吖啶(amsacrine)、依託泊苷(etoposide)(VP16)、依託泊苷磷酸鹽、替尼泊苷(teniposide),等等)、抗腫瘤抗生素(例如:多柔比星(doxorubicin)、阿黴素(adriamycin)、道諾黴素(daunorubicin)、泛艾黴素(epirubicin)、放線菌素(actinomycin)、博來黴素(bleomycin)、絲裂黴素(mitomycin)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、普卡黴素(piicamycin),等等)、基於鉑之化合物或含鉑藥劑(例如:順鉑(cisplatin)、奧沙利鉑(oxaloplatin)、卡鉑(carboplatin))、蒽醌(anthracenedione)(例如:米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone))、經取代之脲(例如:羥基脲)、甲基肼衍生物(例如:丙卡巴肼(procarbazine))、腎上腺皮質抑制劑(例如:米托坦(mitotane)、氨苯哌酮(aminoglutethimide))、表鬼臼毒素(epipodophyllotoxin)(例如:依託泊苷
(etoposide))、抗生素(例如:道諾黴素(daunorubicin)、多柔比星(doxorubicin)、博來黴素(bleomycin))、酵素(例如:L-天冬胺酸酶)、受促分裂原活化之蛋白質激酶訊號轉導之抑制劑(例如:U0126、PD98059、PD184352、PD0325901、ARRY-142886、SB239063、SP600125、BAY 43-9006、渥曼青霉素(wortmannin)、或LY294002、Syk抑制劑、mTOR抑制劑、抗體(例如:利妥昔單抗(rituxan))、棉酚(gossyphol)、淨尼辛(genasense)、多酚E、氯福辛(Chlorofusin)、全反式視黃酸(ATRA)、苔藓抑素(bryostatin)、與腫瘤壞死因子相關之誘發細胞凋亡之配體(TRAIL)、5-氮雜-2'-去氧胞苷、全反式視黃酸、多柔比星(doxorubicin)、長春新鹼(vincristine)、依託泊苷(etoposide)、吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、伊馬替尼(imatinib)(Gleevec.RTM.)、格爾德霉素(geldanamycin)、17-N-烯丙基胺基-17-去甲氧基格爾德黴素(geldanamycin)(17-AAG)、夫拉平度(flavopiridol)、LY294002、硼替佐米(bortezomib)、曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab)、BAY 11-7082、PKC412、PD184352、20-表-1,25二羥基維生素D3;5-乙炔基尿嘧啶;阿比特龍(abiraterone);阿柔比星(aclarubicin);阿希夫吩(acylfulvene);腺環戊醇(adecypenol);阿多來新(adozelesin);阿地白介素(aldesleukin);ALL-TK拮抗劑;六甲蜜胺(altretamine);胺莫司汀(ambamustine);2,4二氯苯氧乙酸(amidox);阿米福汀(amifostine);胺基酮戊酸(aminolevulinic acid);胺柔比星(amrubicin);安吖啶
(amsacrine);阿那格雷(anagrelide);安耐柔(anastrozole);穿心蓮內酯(andrographolide);血管新生抑制劑;拮抗劑D;拮抗劑G;安塔利斯(antarelix);抗背部形態形成蛋白質-1;抗雄激素,攝護腺癌;抗雌激素;抗腫瘤物質(antineoplaston);反義寡核苷酸;艾菲地可寧甘胺酸鹽(aphidicolin glycinate);細胞凋亡基因調控劑;細胞凋亡調節劑;類嘌呤酸(apurinic acid);ara-CDP-DL-PTBA;精胺酸脫胺酶;苯胺吖啶(asulacrine);阿他美坦(atamestane);阿莫司汀(atrimustine);洋蟲膠抑制素1(axinastatin 1);洋蟲膠抑制素2(axinastatin 2);洋蟲膠抑制素3(axinastatin3);阿紮司瓊(azasetron);阿紮毒素(azatoxin);氮雜酪胺酸;漿果赤黴素III(baccatin III)衍生物;博拉諾(balanol);巴馬司他(batimastat);BCR/ABL拮抗劑;苯并二氫氯吩(benzochlorins);苯甲醯星狀孢子鹼(benzoylstaurosporine);β-內醯胺衍生物;β-艾利辛(β-alethine);β-克拉黴素B(betaclamycin B);樺木酸;bFGF抑制劑;比卡魯胺(bicalutamide);比生群(bisantrene);雙乙烯亞胺基精胺(bisaziridinylspermine);雙奈法德(bisnafide);雙崔特A(bistratene A);比折來新(bizelesin);布來福林(breflate);溴匹立明(bropirimine);布度鈦(budotitane);丁硫胺酸硫酸亞胺(buthionine sulfoximine);卡泊三醇(calcipotriol);鈣磷酸蛋白(calphostin C);喜樹鹼衍生物;金絲雀痘IL-2(canarypox IL-2);截瘤達(capecitabine);羧醯胺-胺基-三唑;羧醯胺基三唑;CaRest
M3;CARN700;軟骨衍生之抑制劑;卡折來新(carzelesin);酪蛋白激酶抑制劑(ICOS);粟精胺(castanospermine);天蠶抗菌肽B(cecropin B);西曲瑞克(cetrorelix);二氫卟酚(chlorins);磺胺氯喹啉(chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide);西卡前列素(cicaprost);順卟啉(cis-porphyrin);克拉屈濱(cladribine);氯米芬類似物(clomifene analogues);克黴唑(clotrimazole);克裡斯黴素(collismycin)A;克裡斯黴素(collismycin)B;考布他汀A4(combretastatin A4);考布他汀類似物;康奈精(conagenin);五環胍類生物鹼(crambescidin 816);克立那托(crisnatol);念珠藻環肽8(cryptophycin8);念珠藻環肽A(cryptophycin A)衍生物;鞘絲藻素(curacin A);環戍烯蒽醌(cyclopentanthraquinones);環鉑(cycloplatam);環青黴素(cypemycin)、阿糖胞苷十八烷基磷酸鹽(Cytarabine ocfosfate);溶胞因子;磷酸己烷雌酚(cytostatin);達昔單抗(dacliximab);地西他濱(decitabine);脫氫膜海鞘素B(dehydrodidemnin B);地洛瑞林(deslorelin);地塞美松(dexamethasone);右異環磷醯胺(dexifosfamide);右雷佐生(dexrazoxane);右維拉帕米(dexverapamil);地吖醌(diaziquone);膜海鞘素B(didemnin B);第達(didox);二乙基去甲精胺(diethylnorspermine);二氫-5-氮雜胞苷;9-二氧黃溶黴素(9-dioxamycin);二苯基螺莫司汀(diphenylspiromustine);二十二烷醇(docosanol);朵拉司瓊(dolasetron);去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine);屈洛昔芬
(droloxifene);四氫大麻酚(dronabinol);倍癌黴素(duocannycin SA);依布硒(ebselen);依考莫司汀(ecomustine);依地福新(edelfosine);依決洛單抗(edrecolomab);依氟鳥氨酸(eflornithine);欖香烯(elemene);乙嘧替氟(emitefur);泛艾黴素(epirubicin);愛普列特(epristeride);雌氮芥類似物(estramustine analogue);雌激素促效劑;雌激素拮抗劑;依他硝唑(etanidazole);磷酸依託泊苷(etoposide phosphate);依西美坦(exemestane);法倔唑(fadrozole);法紮拉濱(fazarabine);芬維A胺(fenretinide);非格司亭(filgrastim);非那甾胺(finasteride);夫拉平度(flavopiridol);氟卓斯汀(flezelastine);氟海星酮(fluasterone);福達樂(fludarabine);鹽酸氟代柔紅黴素(fluorodaunorunicin hydrochloride);福酚美克(forfenimex);福美坦(formestane);福司曲星(fostriecin);福莫司汀(fotemustine);莫特沙芬釓(gadolinium texaphyrin);硝酸鎵(gallium nitrate);加洛他濱(galocitabine);加尼瑞克(ganirelix);明膠酶抑制劑;吉西他濱(gemcitabine);穀胱甘肽抑制劑;赫素磺醯胺(hepsulfam);赫林蛋白(heregulin);六亞甲基雙乙醯胺;金絲桃素(hypericin);伊班膦酸(ibandronic acid);伊達比星(idarubicin);艾多昔芬(idoxifene);伊決孟酮(idramantone);伊莫福新(ilmofosine);伊洛馬司他(ilomastat);咪唑吖啶酮(imidazoacridones);咪喹莫特(imiquimod);免疫刺激肽;胰島素樣生長因子-1受體抑制劑;干擾素促效劑;干擾素;
間白素;碘節胍(iobenguane);碘多柔比星(iododoxorubicin);甘薯苦醇(ipomeanol,4-);伊羅普拉(iroplact);伊索拉定(irsogladine);異苯唑(isobengazole);同功軟海棉素(isohomohalicondrin)B;伊他司瓊(itasetron);促微絲聚合劑(jasplakinolide);環縮肽(kahalalide F);三乙酸片螺素(lamellarin-N triacetate);蘭瑞肽(lanreotide);雷拉黴素(leinamycin);來格司亭(lenograstim);硫酸蘑菇多糖(lentinan sulfate);來泊司汀(leptolstatin);來曲唑(letrozole);白血病抑制因子;白細胞α干擾素;柳菩林(leuprolide)+雌激素+黃體酮;亮丙瑞林(leuprorelin);左旋咪唑(levamisole);利阿唑(liarozole);線性聚胺類似物;親脂性雙醣肽;親脂性鉑化合物;利絲醯胺(lissoclinamide)7;洛鉑(lobaplatin);胍乙基磷酸絲胺酸(lombricine);洛美曲索(lometrexol);氯尼達明(lonidamine);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);洛伐他汀(lovastatin);洛索立賓(loxoribine);勒托替康(lurtotecan);藍花贗靛素鎦(lutetium texaphyrin);利索茶鹼(lysofylline);溶解肽(lytic peptides);美坦新(maitansine);抑甘露糖苷酶素(mannostatin A);馬立馬司他(marimastat);馬索羅酚(masoprocol);乳腺絲胺酸蛋白酶抑制劑(maspin);基質溶解因子(matrilysin)抑制劑;基質金屬蛋白酶抑制劑;美諾立爾(menogaril);美巴龍(merbarone);美替瑞林(meterelin);甲硫胺酸酶;甲氧氯普胺(metoclopramide);MIF抑制劑;米非司酮(mifepristone);米替福新(miltefosine);米立司亭(mirimostim);錯配雙股
RNA;米托胍腙(mitoguazone);二溴衛矛醇(mitolactol);絲裂黴素(mitomycin)類似物;米托萘胺(mitonafide);絲裂毒素(mitotoxin)纖維母細胞生長因子-皂草素;米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);莫法羅汀(mofarotene);莫拉司亭(molgramostim);單株抗體,人類絨毛膜促性腺激素;單磷醯基脂質A+分支桿菌(myobacterium)細胞壁sk;莫比達醇(mopidamol);多種抗藥性基因抑制劑;基於多重腫瘤抑制基因-1之療法;氮芥抗癌劑;印度洋海綿B(mycaperoxide B);分枝桿菌細胞壁抽出物(mycobacterial cell wall extract);苔蘚蟲海綿(myriaporone);N-乙醯基地那林(N-acetyldinaline);N-經取代之苯甲醯胺;那法瑞林(nafarelin);那哥斯普(nagrestip);納洛酮(naloxone)+噴他佐辛(pentazocine);納帕維(napavin);萘萜二醇(naphterpin);那托司亭(nartograstim);奈達鉑(nedaplatin);奈莫柔比星(nemorubicin);奈立膦酸(neridronic acid);中性肽內切肽酶;尼魯米特(nilutamide);尼薩黴素(nisamycin);一氧化氮調節劑;硝基氧抗氧化劑;尼楚林(nitrullyn);O6-苯甲基鳥嘌呤;奧曲肽(octreotide);奧克三諾(okicenone);寡核苷酸;奧那司酮(onapristone);昂丹司瓊(ondansetron);昂丹司瓊(ondansetron);奧瑞森(oracin);口服細胞素誘導劑;奧馬鉑(ormaplatin);奧沙特隆(osaterone);奧沙利鉑(oxaliplatin);奧諾黴素(oxaunomycin);鈀銨(palauamine);棕櫚醯根黴素(palmitoylrhizoxin);帕米磷酸(pamidronic acid);人參三醇(panaxytriol);帕諾米芬(panomifene);副
菌鐵素(parabactin);帕折普汀(pazelliptine);培門冬酶(pegaspargase);培得星(peldesine);戊聚糖聚硫酸鈉(pentosan polysulfate sodium);噴司他汀(pentostatin);噴曲唑(pentrozole);全氟溴烷(perflubron);培磷醯胺(perfosfamide);紫蘇子醇(perillyl alcohol);吩嗪黴素(phenazinomycin);乙酸苯酯;磷酸酶抑制劑;必醫你舒(picibanil);毛果蕓香鹼鹽酸鹽(pilocarpine hydrochloride);比柔比星(pirarubicin);比曲克辛(piritrexim);普拉汀(placetin)A;普拉汀(placetin)B;纖溶酶原活化因子抑制劑;鉑複合物;鉑化合物;鉑-三胺複合物;葉吩姆鈉(porfimer sodium);泊非黴素(porfiromycin);潑尼松(prednisone);丙基雙吖啶酮(propyl bis-acridone);前列腺素J2;蛋白酶體抑制劑;基於蛋白質A之免疫調控劑;蛋白質激酶C抑制劑;蛋白質激酶C抑制劑,微海藻類(microalgal);蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶抑制劑;嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶抑制劑;紅紫素(purpurines);吡唑并吖啶(pyrazoloacridine);吡哆醇酸化血紅蛋白聚氧乙烯接合物;raf拮抗劑;雷替曲塞(raltitrexed);雷莫司瓊(ramosetron);ras法尼基(ras farnesyl)蛋白質轉移酶抑制劑;ras抑制劑;ras-GAP抑制劑;脫甲基瑞替普汀(retelliptine demethylated);錸Re86依替膦酸鹽(rhenium Re 186etidronate);根黴素(rhizoxin);核酶;RII維甲醯酚胺(retinamide);羅穀亞胺(rogletimide);羅稀吐鹼(rohitukine);羅莫肽(romurtide);羅喹美克(roquinimex);
如彼給諾(rubiginone)B1;如波斯(ruboxyl);沙芬戈(safingol);沙托品(saintopin);SarCNU;肌肉葉綠醇(sarcophytol)A;沙格司亭(sargramostim);Sdi 1擬似物;希莫司汀(semustine);衰老細胞衍生的抑制劑1;正義寡核苷酸;訊號轉導抑制劑;訊號轉導調控劑;單鏈抗原結合性蛋白質;西佐非蘭(sizofuran);索布佐生(sobuzoxane);硼卡鈉(sodium borocaptate);苯乙酸鈉;索菲醇(solverol);生長調節素結合性蛋白質;索納明(sonermin);磷乙醯天冬胺酸(sparfosic acid);穗黴素D(spicamycin D);螺莫司汀(spiromustine);脾五肽(splenopentin);海綿他汀素1(spongistatin 1);角鯊胺(squalamine);幹細胞抑制劑;幹細胞分化抑制劑;密擠青黴醯胺(stipiamide);基質降解酶(stromelysin)抑制劑;硫福辛(sulfinosine);強效血管活性腸肽拮抗劑;磺酸偏端黴素(suradista);舒拉明(suramin);苦馬豆素(swainsonine);合成性葡糖胺基聚醣;他莫司汀(tallimustine);它莫西芬甲碘化物(tamoxifen methiodide);牛磺莫司汀(tauromustine);他紮羅汀(tazarotene);替可加蘭鈉(tecogalan sodium);替加氟(tegafur);締哌喃鐵(tellurapyrylium);端粒末端轉移酶(telomerase)抑制劑;替莫泊芬(temoporfin);替莫唑胺(temozolomide);替尼泊苷(teniposide);四氯十氧化物(tetrachlorodecaoxide);四氫唑環(tetrazomine);白蓬草硝酸鈉(thaliblastine);噻可拉林(thiocoraline);血小板生成素;血小板生成素擬似物;胸腺法新(thymalfasin);胸腺生成素受體促效劑;胸腺曲南
(thymotrinan);甲狀腺刺激激素;本紫紅素乙酯錫(tin ethyl etiopurpurin);替拉紮明(tirapazamine);二氯環戊二烯鈦(titanocene bichloride);淺水海綿素(topsentin);托瑞米芬(toremifene);全能幹細胞因子;轉譯抑制劑;維甲酸(tretinoin);三乙醯尿苷(triacetyluridine);曲西立濱(triciribine);三甲曲沙(trimetrexate);曲普瑞林(triptorelin);托烷司瓊(tropisetron);妥羅雄脲(turosteride);酪胺酸激酶抑制劑;酪胺酸激酶阻斷劑(tyrphostins);UBC抑制劑;烏苯美司(ubenimex);泌尿生殖竇衍生之生長抑制因子;尿激酶受體拮抗劑;伐普肽(vapreotide);瓦裡奧林B(variolin B);載體系統,紅細胞基因療法;維拉雷瑣(velaresol);藜蘆明(veramine);維爾定(verdins);維替泊芬(verteporfin);長春瑞濱(vinorelbine);維夏汀(vinxaltine);維它新(vitaxin);伏氯唑(vorozole);紮諾特隆(zanoterone);折尼鉑(zeniplatin);亞苄維C(zilascorb);淨司他丁斯酯(zinostatin stimalamer),阿黴素(Adriamycin)、放線菌素D(Dactinomycin)、博來黴素(Bleomycin)、長春花鹼(Vinblastine)、順鉑(Cisplatin)、阿西維辛(acivicin);阿柔比星(aclarubicin);鹽酸諾考達唑(acodazole hydrochloride);山油柑鹼(acronine);阿多來新(adozelesin);阿地白介素(aldesleukin);六甲蜜胺(altretamine);安波黴素(ambomycin);乙酸阿美蒽醌(ametantrone acetate);氨苯呱酮(aminoglutethimide);安吖啶(amsacrine);安耐柔(anastrozole);胺茴黴素
(anthramycin);天冬胺酸酶;曲林菌素(asperlin);氮雜西定(azacitidine);阿紮替派(azetepa);阿佐黴素(azotomycin);巴馬司他(batimastat);苯佐替派(benzodepa);比卡魯胺(bicalutamide);鹽酸比生群(bisantrene hydrochloride);二甲磺酸雙奈法德(bisnafide dimesylate);比折來新(bizelesin);硫酸博來黴素(bleomycin sulfate);布喹那鈉(brequinar sodium);溴匹立明(bropirimine);白消安(busulfan);放線菌素C(cactinomycin);二甲睾酮(calusterone);卡醋胺(caracemide);卡貝替姆(carbetimer);卡鉑(carboplatin);卡莫司汀(carmustine);鹽酸洋紅黴素(carubicin hydrochloride);卡折來新(carzelesin);西地芬戈(cedefingol);苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil);西洛黴素(cirolemycin);克拉屈濱(cladribine);甲磺酸克立那托(crisnatol mesylate);環磷醯胺;阿糖胞苷(Cytarabine);達卡巴仁(dacarbazine);鹽酸道諾黴素(daunorubicin hydrochloride);地西他濱(decitabine);右奧馬鉑(dexormaplatin);地紮胍寧(dezaguanine);甲磺酸地紮胍寧(dezaguanine mesylate);地吖醌(diaziquone);多柔比星(doxorubicin);鹽酸多柔比星(doxorubicin hydrochloride);屈洛昔芬(droloxifene);檸檬酸屈洛昔芬(droloxifene citrate);丙酸屈他雄酮(dromostanolone propionate);重氮黴素(duazomycin);依達曲沙(edatrexate);鹽酸依氟鳥胺酸(eflornithine hydrochloride);依沙蘆星(elsamitrucin);恩洛鉑(enloplatin);恩普氨酯(enpromate);依匹哌啶
(epipropidine);鹽酸泛艾黴素(epirubicin hydrochloride);厄布洛唑(erbulozole);鹽酸依索比星(esorubicin hydrochloride);雌氮芥(estramustine);雌氮芥磷酸鈉鹽;依他硝唑(etanidazole);依託泊苷(etoposide);磷酸依託泊苷;氯苯乙嘧胺(etoprine);鹽酸法羅唑啉(fadrozole hydrochloride);法紮拉濱(fazarabine);芬維A胺(fenretinide);氟尿嘧啶脫氧核苷(floxuridine);磷酸福達樂(fludarabine phosphate);氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil);氟西他濱(fluorocitabine);氟喹酮(fosquidone);福司曲星鈉(fostriecin sodium);吉西他濱(gemcitabine);鹽酸吉西他濱;羥基脲;鹽酸伊達比星(idarubicin hydrochloride);異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide);伊莫福新(iimofosine);間白素II(包括重組間白素II、或rlL.sub.2)、干擾素α-2a;干擾素α-2b;干擾素α-n1;干擾素α-n3;干擾素β-1a;干擾素γ-1b;異丙鉑(iproplatin);鹽酸伊立替康(irinotecan hydrochloride);乙酸蘭瑞肽(lanreotide acetate);來曲唑(letrozole);乙酸柳菩林(leuprolide acetate);鹽酸利阿唑(liarozole hydrochloride);洛美曲索鈉(lometrexol sodium);洛莫司汀(lomustine);鹽酸洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone hydrochloride);馬索羅酚(masoprocol);美坦辛(maytansine);二氯甲基二乙胺鹽酸鹽(mechlorethamine hydrochloride);乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate);乙酸美侖孕酮(melengestrol acetate);馬法蘭(melphalan);美諾立爾(menogaril);氫硫基嘌呤;胺甲蝶呤(methotrexate);胺
甲蝶呤鈉(methotrexate sodium);氯苯胺啶(metoprine);美妥替哌(meturedepa);米丁度胺(mitindomide);米托卡星(mitocarcin);絲裂紅素(mitocromin);米托潔林(mitogillin);米托馬星(mitomalcin);絲裂黴素(mitomycin);米托司培(mitosper);米托坦(mitotane);鹽酸米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone hydrochloride);黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid);諾考達唑(nocodazole);諾拉黴素(nogalamycin);奧馬鉑(ormaplatin);奧昔舒侖(oxisuran);培門冬酶(pegaspargase);培利黴素(peliomycin);戊氮芥(pentamustine);硫酸培洛黴素(peplomycin sulfate);培磷醯胺(perfosfamide);雙溴丙基哌嗪(pipobroman);哌泊舒凡(piposulfan);鹽酸吡羅蒽醌(piroxantrone hydrochloride);普卡黴素(plicamycin);普洛美坦(plomestane);蔔吩姆鈉(porfimer sodium);泊非黴素(porfiromycin);潑尼莫司汀(prednimustine);鹽酸丙卡巴肼(procarbazine hydrochloride);嘌呤黴素(puromycin);鹽酸嘌呤黴素(puromycin hydrochloride);吡唑呋喃菌素(pyrazofurin);利波腺苷(riboprine);羅穀亞胺(rogletimide);沙芬戈(safingol);鹽酸沙芬戈;希莫司汀(semustine);辛曲(simtrazene);磷乙醯天冬胺酸鈉(sparfosate sodium);稀疏黴素(sparsomycin);鹽酸鍺螺胺(spirogermanium hydrochloride);螺莫司汀(spiromustine);螺鉑(spiroplatin);鏈黑黴素(streptonigrin);鏈脲佐菌素(streptozocin);磺氯苯脲(sulofenur);他利黴素(talisomycin);替可加蘭鈉(tecogalan sodium);替加氟
(tegafur);鹽酸替洛蒽醌(teloxantrohe hydrochloride);替莫泊芬(temoporfin);替尼泊苷(teniposide);替羅昔隆(teroxirone);睾內酯(testolactone);硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine);硫鳥嘌呤(thioguanine);噻替哌(thiotepa);噻唑羧胺核苷(tiazofurin);替拉紮明(tirapazamine);檸檬酸托瑞米芬(toremifene citrate);乙酸曲托龍(trestolone acetate);磷酸曲西立濱(triciribine phosphate);三甲曲沙(trimetrexate);葡糖醛酸三甲曲沙(trimetrexate glucoronate);曲普瑞林(triptorelin);鹽酸妥布氯唑(tubulozole hydrochloride);尿嘧啶氮芥(uracil mustard);烏瑞替派(uredepa);伐普肽(vapreotide);維替泊芬(verteporfin);硫酸長春花鹼(vinblastine sulfate);硫酸長春新鹼(vincristine sulfate);長春地辛(vindesine);硫酸長春地辛(vindesine sulfate);硫酸長春匹定(vinepidine sulfate);硫酸長春甘酯(vinglycinate sulfate);硫酸長春羅辛(vinleurosine sulfate);酒石酸長春瑞濱(vinorelbine tartrate);硫酸長春羅定(vinrosidine sulfate);硫酸長春利定(vinzolidine sulfate);伏氯唑(vorozole);折尼鉑(zeniplatin);淨司他丁(zinostatin);鹽酸佐柔比星(zorubicin hydrochloride),在G2-M期遏止細胞及/或調控微管形成或穩定性之藥劑(例如:Taxol.TM(亦即太平洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel))、Taxotere.TM、包含紫杉烷架構之化合物、厄布洛唑(Erbulozole)(亦即R-55104)、海兔毒素10(Dolastatin 10)(亦即DLS-10與NSC-376128)、米弗林羥乙磺酸鹽(Mivobulin isethionate)(亦即CI-980)、長春新鹼
(vincristine)、NSC-639829、圓皮海綿內酯(Discodermolide)(亦即如:NVP-XX-A-296)、ABT-751(Abbott,亦即E-7010)、奧圖來爾亭類(Altorhyrtins)(例如:奧圖來爾亭A與奧圖來爾亭C)、海綿他汀素類(Spongistatin)(例如:海綿他汀素1(spongistatin 1)、海綿他汀素2、海綿他汀素3、海綿他汀素4、海綿他汀素5、海綿他汀素6、海綿他汀素7、海綿他汀素8、與海綿他汀素9)、鹽酸西馬多亭(Cemadotin hydrochloride)(亦即LU-103793與NSC-D-669356)、埃坡黴素類(Epothilones)(例如:埃坡黴素A、埃坡黴素B、埃坡黴素C(亦即去氧埃坡黴素(desoxyepothilone)A或dEpoA)、埃坡黴素D(亦即KOS-862、dEpoB、與去氧埃坡黴素B)、埃坡黴素E、埃坡黴素F、埃坡黴素B N-氧化物、埃坡黴素A N-氧化物、16-氮雜-埃坡黴素B、21-胺基埃坡黴素B(亦即BMS-310705)、21-羥基埃坡黴素D(亦即去氧埃坡黴素F與dEpoF)、26-氟埃坡黴素、奧立司達汀(Auristatin)PE(亦即NSC-654663)、索利多汀(Soblidotin)(亦即TZT-1027)、硫酸長春新鹼(vincristine sulfate)、念珠藻環肽(Cryptophycin)52(亦即LY-355703)、海鞘二環肽(Vitilevuamide)、微管溶素(Tubulysin)A、迦納單索(Canadensol)、矢車菊黃素(Centaureidin)(亦即NSC-106969)、殺腫瘤素(Oncocidin)A1(亦即BTO-956與DIME)、富士內酯(Fijianolide)B、勞利醯胺(Laulimalide)、那可辛(Narcosine)(亦稱為NSC-5366)、納司卡濱(Nascapine)、哈米特林(Hemiasterlin)、凡納多新
乙醯基丙酮酸鹽(Vanadocene acetylacetonate)、孟沙醇(Monsatrol)、引納諾新(Inanocine)(亦即NSC-698666)、艾榴素類(Eleutherobin)(如:去甲基艾榴素(Desmethyleleutherobin)、去乙醯基艾榴素(Desaetyleleutherobin)、異艾榴素-A(Isoeleutherobin A)和Z-艾榴素)、卡利貝苷(Caribaeoside)、卡利貝林(Caribaeolin)、海利軟骨膠(Halichondrin)B、重氮醯胺(Diazonamide)A、他卡諾內酯(Taccalonolide)A、二唑司汀(Diozostatin)、(-)-苯基阿西司汀(phenylahistin)(亦即NSCL-96F037)、肌基質蛋白(Myoseverin)B、利弗司汀(Resverastatin)磷酸鈉、類固醇(例如:地塞美松(dexamethasone))、非那甾胺(finasteride)、芳構酶抑制劑、促性腺激素釋放激素促效劑(GnRH),如:戈舍瑞林(goserelin)或柳菩林(leuprolide)、腎上腺皮質類固醇(例如:潑尼松(prednisone))、助孕素類(progestin)(例如:羥基黃體酮己酸酯、乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)、乙酸甲羥黃體酮(medroxyprogesterone acetate))、雌激素類(例如:乙烯雌酚(diethlystilbestrol)、乙炔雌二醇(ethinyl estradiol))、抗雌激素類(例如:它莫西芬(tamoxifen))、雄激素類(例如:丙酸睪固酮、氟羥甲睪酮(fluoxymesterone))、抗雄激素類(例如:氟他胺(flutamide))、免疫刺激劑(例如:卡介苗(Bacillus Calmette-Guérin)(BCG)、左旋咪唑(levamisole)、間白素-2、α-干擾素,等等)、單株抗體(例如:抗CD20、抗HER2、抗CD52、抗
HLA-DR、與抗VEGF單株抗體)、(免疫毒素(例如:抗CD33單株抗體-卡奇黴素(calicheamicin)接合物、抗CD22單株抗體-假單胞菌外毒素接合物,等等)、放射免疫療法(例如:接合111In、90Y、或131I,等等之抗CD20單株抗體)、雷公藤內酯(triptolide)、高三尖杉酯鹼(homoharringtonine)、放線菌素D(dactinomycin)、多柔比星(doxorubicin)、泛艾黴素(epirubicin)、托普迪肯(topotecan)、伊曲康唑(itraconazole)、長春地辛(vindesine)、西立伐他汀(cerivastatin)、長春新鹼(vincristine)、去氧腺苷(deoxyadenosine)、舍曲林(sertraline)、匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)、伊立替康(irinotecan)、氯苯吩嗪(clofazimine)、5-壬基氧色胺、維莫非尼(vemurafenib)、達布非尼(dabrafenib)、厄洛替尼(erlotinib)、吉非替尼(gefitinib)、EGFR抑制劑、靶向表皮生長因子受體(EGFR)之療法或醫療劑(例如:吉非替尼(gefitinib)(Iressa TM)、厄洛替尼(erlotinib)(Tarceva TM)、西妥昔單抗(cetuximab)(ErbituxTM)、拉帕替尼(lapatinib)(TykerbTM)、帕尼單抗(panitumumab)(VectibixTM)、凡德他尼(vandetanib)(CaprelsaTM)、阿法替尼(afatinib)/BIBW2992、CI-1033/卡奈替尼(canertinib)、來那替尼(neratinib)/HKI-272、CP-724714、TAK-285、AST-1306、ARRY334543、ARRY-380、AG-1478、達克替尼(dacomitinib)/PF299804、OSI-420/去甲基厄洛替尼(desmethyl erlotinib)、AZD8931、AEE788、培利替尼(pelitinib)/EKB-569、CUDC-101、WZ8040、WZ4002、WZ3146、AG-490、XL647、PD153035、BMS-599626)、索拉
非尼(sorafenib)、伊馬替尼(imatinib)、舒尼替尼(sunitinib)、達沙替尼(dasatinib)、激素療法,或類似物。
術語「依魯替尼(ibrutinib)」亦稱為Imbruvica®,PCI 32765,或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指1-[(3R)-3-[4-胺基-3-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-d]嘧啶-1-基]哌啶-1-基]丙-2-烯-1-酮,及CAS註冊編號936563-96-1。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利案案號7,514,444;8,008,309;8,497,277;8,476,284;8,697,711;與8,703,780所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「抑達利希(idelalisib)」亦稱為CAL101、GS-1101、Zydelig®,或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指5-氟-3-苯基-2-[(1S)-1-(7H-嘌呤-6-基胺基)丙基]-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮,及CAS註冊編號870281-82-6。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利案案號9,469,643;9,492,449;8,139,195;8,492,389;8,865,730;與9,149,477所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「R406」或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指6-((5-氟-2-((3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)胺基)嘧啶-4-基)胺基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-吡啶并[3,2-b][1,4]-3(4H)-酮苯磺酸鹽。
術語「福馬單抗(fostamatinib)」或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指6-((5-氟-2-((3,4,5-三甲氧基苯
基)胺基)嘧啶-4-基)胺基)-2,2-二甲基-2H-吡啶并[3,2-b][1,4]-3(4H)-酮苯磺酸鹽,及CAS註冊編號901119-35-5或1025687-58-4(二鈉鹽)。福馬單抗為R406之前藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利案案號7,449,458所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)」亦稱為ACP-196,或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指4-[8-胺基-3-[(2S)-1-丁-2-炔醯基吡咯啶-2-基]咪唑并[1,5-a]吡-1-基]-N-吡啶-2-基苯甲醯胺,及CAS註冊編號1420477-60-6。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利申請案案號20140155385、20160151364、20160159810所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「ONO/GS-4059」或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指6-胺基-7-(4-苯氧基苯基)-9-[(3S)-1-丙-2-烯醯基哌啶-3-基]嘌呤-8-酮,及CAS註冊編號1351636-18-4。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利案案號8,940,725與8,557,803與美國專利申請案案號20150094299所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「BGB-3111」或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-7-(1-丙-2-烯醯基哌啶-4-基)-1,5,6,7-四氫吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-3-羧醯胺,及CAS註冊
編號1633350-06-7。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利申請案案號20150259354與20160083392所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「CC-292」亦稱為AVL-292、司培替尼(spebrutinib)或類似用語在一般及常見用法上,係指N-[3-[[5-氟-2-[4-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)苯胺基]嘧啶-4-基]胺基]苯基]丙-2-烯醯胺,及CAS註冊編號1202757-89-8。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為美國專利案案號8,338,439所揭示之任一種化合物,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
術語「希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)」、「UC-961」、與「99961.1」係指可以結合人類受體酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)之細胞外功能域之人類化單株抗體。一項具體實施例中,希組單抗為美國專利申請案案號14/422,519所揭示之任一種抗體或其片段,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
本所採用術語「約」意指包括明確數值在內且習知此相關技藝之人士認為合理類似該明確數值之數值範圍。一項具體實施例中,「約」意指在採用相關技藝一般可接受測定法之標準偏差內。一項具體實施例中,約意指該明確數值延申+/- 10%。一項具體實施例中,約意指該明確數值。
術語「疾病」或「病症」係指可接受本文
所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之患者或個體之狀態或健康狀態。一項具體實施例中,該疾病為癌症(例如:肺癌、卵巢癌、骨肉瘤、膀胱癌、子宮頸癌、肝癌、腎臟癌、皮膚癌(例如:默克細胞(Merkel cell)癌)、睪丸癌、白血病、淋巴瘤、頭頸癌、結腸直腸癌、攝護腺癌、胰臟癌、黑色素瘤、乳癌、神經母細胞瘤)。該疾病可為自體免疫、發炎性、癌症、感染性、代謝性、發育、腦血管、肝、腸、內分泌、神經、或其他疾病。
本文所採用術語「癌症」係出現在哺乳動物中的所有類型的癌症、腫瘤或惡性腫瘤,包括白血病、淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤、神經內分泌腫瘤。可接受本文所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之癌症實例包括淋巴瘤、肉瘤、膀胱癌、骨癌、腦瘤、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、食道癌、胃癌、頭頸癌、腎臟癌、骨髓瘤、甲狀腺癌、白血病、攝護腺癌、乳癌(例如:三陰性、ER陽性、ER陰性、化療抗性、賀癌平(herceptin)抗性、HER2陽性、多柔比星(doxorubicin)抗性、它莫西芬(tamoxifen)抗性、導管癌瘤、葉狀癌、原發性、轉移性)、卵巢癌、胰臟癌、肝癌(例如:肝細胞癌瘤)、肺癌(例如:非小細胞肺癌、鱗狀細胞肺癌、腺癌、大細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌、類癌症、肉瘤)、多形性膠質母細胞瘤、膠質瘤、黑色素瘤、攝護腺癌、去勢療法無效之攝護腺癌、乳癌、三陰性乳癌、膠質母細胞瘤、卵巢癌、肺癌、鱗狀細胞癌(例如:頭、頸、或食道)、結腸直腸癌、白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、淋巴瘤、B細胞淋
巴瘤、或多發性骨髓瘤。其他實例包括:甲狀腺癌、內分泌系統癌、腦癌、乳癌、子宮頸癌、結腸癌、頭頸癌、食道癌、肝癌、腎癌、肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、黑色素瘤、間皮瘤、卵巢癌、肉瘤、胃癌、子宮癌或髓母細胞瘤、霍奇金氏症(Hodgkin's disease)、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、神經母細胞瘤、膠質瘤、多形性膠質母細胞瘤、卵巢癌、橫紋肌肉瘤、原發性血小板增多症、原發性巨球蛋白血症、原發性腦瘤、癌症、惡性胰臟胰島素瘤、惡性類癌症、泌尿膀胱癌、惡性前期皮膚損傷、睪丸癌、淋巴瘤、甲狀腺癌、神經母細胞瘤、食道癌、生殖泌尿道癌、惡性高血鈣症、子宮內膜癌、腎上腺皮質腺癌、內分泌或外分泌胰臟之新生瘤、髓質甲狀腺癌、髓質甲狀腺癌瘤、黑色素瘤、結腸直腸癌、乳突狀甲狀腺癌、肝細胞癌瘤、乳頭佩吉特氏(Paget’s)症、葉狀腫瘤、葉狀癌、導管癌瘤、胰臟星形細胞之癌症、肝臟星形細胞之癌症、或攝護腺癌。
術語「白血病」廣義上指造血器官的進行性惡性疾病,並且一般特徵在於血液和骨髓中白血球與其前體異常增生和發育。白血病通常在臨床上基於以下幾點進行分類:(1)急性或慢性疾病的持續時間和特性;(2)所涉及細胞之類型:骨髓細胞(骨髓產生)、淋巴細胞(淋巴產生)、或單核細胞;及(3)白血病或白血球缺乏性(亞白血病)血液中異常細胞數量增加或不增加。可接受本文所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之白血病實例包括例如:急性非淋巴球性白血病、慢性淋巴球性白血病、急性粒細
胞性白血病、慢性粒細胞性白血病、急性前骨髓細胞性白血病、成人T-細胞白血病、白血球缺乏性白血病、白細胞不增多性白血病、嗜鹼性白血病、母細胞性白血病、牛白血病、慢性髓細胞性白血病、皮膚白血病、胚胎白血病、嗜伊紅性白血病、格羅斯白血病(Gross’ leukemia)、毛細胞白血病、血母細胞性白血病、血胚細胞性白血病、組織細胞性白血病、幹細胞性白血病、急性單核細胞性白血病、白血球減少性白血病、淋巴性白血病、淋巴母細胞性白血病、淋巴細胞性白血病、淋巴系源性白血病、淋巴性白血病、淋巴肉瘤細胞白血病、肥大細胞白血病、巨核細胞白血病、小骨髓母細胞性白血病、單核細胞性白血病、髓母細胞性白血病、髓細胞性白血病、骨髓粒細胞性白血病、髓單核細胞性白血病、內格利(Naegeli)白血病、漿細胞白血病、多重骨髓瘤、漿細胞性白血病、前骨髓細胞性白血病、利達(Rieder)細胞白血病、席林氏(Schilling’s)白血病、幹細胞白血病、亞白血病性白血病、或未分化細胞白血病。
術語「肉瘤」一般係指由物質樣之胚胎組織構成之腫瘤,通常由緊密堆疊之細胞包埋在纖絲狀或均質狀物質組成。可接受本文所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之肉瘤包括軟骨肉瘤、纖維瘤、淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤、黏液肉瘤、骨肉瘤、艾比氏(Abemethy's)肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、脂肪瘤、肺泡狀軟組織肉瘤、成釉細胞肉瘤、葡萄狀肉瘤、綠色瘤肉瘤、絨毛膜癌、胚胎性肉瘤、腎母細胞瘤(Wilms' tumor sarcoma)、子宮內膜肉瘤、間質肉瘤、尤
因氏(Ewing's)肉瘤、筋膜肉瘤、纖維母細胞肉瘤、巨細胞肉瘤、粒細胞肉瘤、霍奇金氏(Hodgkin's)肉瘤、特發性多發性色素沉著出血性肉瘤、B細胞免疫母細胞肉瘤、淋巴瘤、T細胞免疫母細胞肉瘤、延森氏(Jensen's)肉瘤、卡波西氏(Kaposi's)肉瘤、枯氏(Kupffer)細胞肉瘤、血管肉瘤、白血病性肉瘤、惡性間葉肉瘤、骨膜外肉瘤、網狀細胞肉瘤、勞斯(Rous)肉瘤、漿液囊性肉瘤、滑膜肉瘤、或毛細管擴張性肉瘤。
術語「黑色素瘤」意指起源於皮膚與其他器官的黑色素細胞系統的腫瘤。可接受本文所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之黑色素瘤包括:例如,肢端雀斑樣黑色素瘤、無黑色素黑色素瘤、良性幼年黑色素瘤、克勞德曼氏(Cloudman's)黑色素瘤、S91黑色素瘤、哈丁-帕希(Harding-Passey)黑色素瘤、幼年型黑色素瘤、惡性雀斑樣黑色素瘤、惡性黑色素瘤、結節性黑色素瘤、指甲下黑色素瘤、或淺表擴張性黑色素瘤。
術語「癌瘤」係指由容易浸潤周圍組織並產生轉移的上皮細胞組成的惡性新生物。可接受本文所提供化合物、醫藥組成物、或方法治療之之癌瘤實例包括例如:甲狀腺髓質癌、家族性甲狀腺髓質癌、腺泡癌、腺泡癌、腺囊性癌、腺樣囊性癌、腺瘤性癌、腎上腺皮質癌、肺泡癌、肺泡細胞癌、基底細胞癌、基底細胞癌、基底細胞樣癌、基底鱗狀細胞癌、細支氣管肺泡癌、細支氣管癌、支氣管原癌、腦樣癌、膽管細胞癌、絨毛膜癌、膠體癌、
粉刺狀癌、子宮體癌、篩板狀癌、鎧甲狀癌、皮膚癌、柱狀癌、柱狀細胞癌、管癌、導管癌、硬癌、胚胎性癌、腦樣癌、表皮樣癌、腺樣上皮細胞癌、外生性癌、潰瘍性癌、硬癌、膠樣癌、膠樣癌、巨細胞癌、巨細胞癌、腺癌、顆粒細胞癌、毛基質癌、血樣癌、肝細胞癌、許特爾細胞(Hurthle cell)癌、玻璃樣變性癌、腎上腺樣癌、幼年型胚胎性癌、原位癌、表皮內癌、上皮內癌、克羅佩柯氏(Krompecher's)癌、庫爾契茨基細胞癌(Kulchitzky-cell carcinoma)、大細胞癌、豆狀癌、豆狀癌、脂瘤樣癌、葉狀癌、淋巴上皮癌、髓樣癌、髓樣癌、黑色素癌、軟癌、黏液癌、黏液癌、黏液細胞癌、黏液表皮樣癌、黏液癌、黏液癌、黏液變性樣癌、鼻咽癌、燕麥細胞癌、骨化性癌、骨化性癌、乳頭狀癌、門脈周癌、浸潤前癌、棘細胞癌、髓樣癌、腎臟之腎細胞癌、儲備細胞癌、肉瘤樣癌、施奈德氏(Schneiderian)癌、硬癌、陰囊癌、印戒細胞癌、單純癌、小細胞癌、硬癌、球形細胞癌、梭形細胞癌、髓樣癌、鱗狀癌、鱗狀細胞癌、繩捆癌、血管擴張性癌、血管擴張性癌、移行細胞癌、結節性皮癌、結節性皮癌、疣狀癌、或絨毛狀癌。
本文所採用術語「轉移」、「轉移性」、與「轉移癌」可以交換使用且係指增生性疾病或病變,例如:癌症,從一個器官或另一個相鄰器官或身體部份擴散。癌症發生在原發位點,例如:乳房,稱為原發性腫瘤,例如:原發性乳癌。有些原發性腫瘤或原發位點之癌症細胞獲得
滲透及浸潤至局部區域之周圍正常組織之能力,及/或滲透淋巴性系統或血管系統壁之能力,透過系統循環至其他身體位點與組織。由原發性腫瘤之癌細胞續發形成第二個臨床上可檢測之腫瘤稱為轉移性或續發性腫瘤。當癌細胞轉移時,轉移性腫瘤與其細胞被視為與原發腫瘤類似。因此,若肺癌轉移至乳房,則乳房部位之續發腫瘤包括異常肺細胞與不是異常之乳房細胞。乳房中續發腫瘤稱為轉移性肺癌。因此,轉移癌一詞係指個體患有或曾患有原發性腫瘤且患有一個或多個續發腫瘤之疾病。非轉移癌或患有非轉移性癌症之個體一詞係指個體患有原發性腫瘤但沒有一個或多個續發腫瘤之疾病。例如:轉移性肺癌係指個體患有或其病史中有原發性肺腫瘤且在第二個位置或多個位置,例如:乳房,患有一個或多個續發腫瘤之疾病。
術語「相關」或「有關」用在與疾病(例如:糖尿病、癌症(例如:攝護腺癌、腎癌、轉移癌、黑色素瘤、去勢療法無效之攝護腺癌、乳癌、三陰性乳癌、膠質母細胞瘤、卵巢癌、肺癌、鱗狀細胞癌(例如:頭、頸、或食道)、結腸直腸癌、白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、淋巴瘤、B細胞淋巴瘤、或多發性骨髓瘤))有關之物質或物質活性或功能上時,意指該疾病(例如:肺癌、卵巢癌、骨肉瘤、膀胱癌、子宮頸癌、肝癌、腎臟癌、皮膚癌(例如:默克細胞癌(Merkel cell carcinoma))、睪丸癌、白血病、淋巴瘤、頭頸癌、結腸直腸癌、攝護腺癌、胰臟癌、黑色素瘤、乳癌、神經母細胞瘤)係(完全或部份)由該物質或物質活性或功
能引起,或該疾病之症狀係(完全或部份)由該物質或物質活性或功能引起。
「患者」或「有此需要之個體」係指罹患或易感可因投與本文所提供組成物或醫藥組成物而治療之疾病或病症之活生物體。其不設限實例包括人類、其他哺乳動物、牛、大鼠、小鼠、狗、猴子、山羊、綿羊、乳牛、鹿、與其他非哺乳動物。有些具體實施例中,患者為人類。
本文所提供方法特別適用於治療癌症。本文所說明方法與組成物可以有效治療表現ROR-1之癌症。一項態樣中,提供一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法,該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏(Bruton’s)酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)拮抗劑。
另一項態樣中,提供一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法。該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體。
術語「布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶」亦稱為酪胺酸-蛋白質激酶BTK,在本文中用於指任何重組體或天然型之布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)或維持BTK活性(例如:相對於BTK之至少50%、80%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%以內之活性)之其變體或同系物。有些態樣中,該變體或同系物相對於天然BTK蛋白質之完整序列或部
份序列(例如:50、100、150或200個連續胺基酸部份)具有至少90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%胺基酸序列同一性。一項具體實施例中,BTK蛋白質實質上與UniProt參考編號Q01687指示之蛋白質相同,或為其具有實質同一性之變體或同系物。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為小分子。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼(ibrutinib)、抑達利希(idelalisib)、福馬單抗(fostamatinib)、阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)、ONO/GS-4059、BGB-3111或CC-292(AVL-292)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼(ibrutinib)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為抑達利希(idelalisib)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為福馬單抗(fostamatinib)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為ONO/GS-4059。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為BGB-3111。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為CC-292(AVL-292)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為R406。
本文所採用術語「ROR-1」係指任何重組體或天然型之酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)或維持ROR-1活性(例如:相對於ROR-1之至少50%、80%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%活性)之其變體或同系物。有些態樣中,該變體或同系物相對於天然ROR-1蛋白質之完整序列或部份序列(例如:50、100、150或200個連續胺基酸部份)具有至少90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或100%
胺基酸序列同一性。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1蛋白質實質上與登錄號NP_005003.1指示之蛋白質相同,或為其具有實質同一性之變體或同系物。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1蛋白質包括胺基酸序列SEQ ID NO:13。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1蛋白質為胺基酸序列SEQ ID NO:13。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1蛋白質包括胺基酸序列SEQ ID NO:14。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1蛋白質包括胺基酸序列SEQ ID NO:15。
當ROR-1拮抗劑為抗體時,該抗體特異性結合ROR-1多肽。因此,一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑為抗ROR-1抗體。一項具體實施例中,該抗ROR-1抗體為人類化抗體。
抗ROR-1抗體可能包括容許其與一部份ROR-1多肽或其片段結合之胺基酸序列(例如:CDR)。因此,一項具體實施例中,該抗體包括人類化重鏈可變區與人類化輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包括如:SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、與SEQ ID NO:3所示之序列,及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包括如:SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、與SEQ ID NO:6所示之序列。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)。如本文所定義之希組單抗在本文中亦稱為UC-961或99961.1。希組單抗之開發與結構揭示於美國專利申請案案號14/422,519,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體包括人類化重鏈可變區與人類化輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包括如SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:8、與SEQ ID NO:9所示之序列;及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包括如SEQ ID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11、與SEQ ID NO:12所示之序列。包括如SEQ ID NO:7、8、9、10、11、12所示胺基酸序列(亦即CDRs)之抗體可在本文中稱為抗體D10。抗體D10之開發與用途揭示於美國專利案案號9,217,040,其完整內容已以引用方式併入本文中並用於所有目的。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體可結合ROR-1之胺基酸130-160或其片段。一項具體實施例中,該抗體所結合之肽包括位於相當於ROR-1位置138之麩胺酸。一項具體實施例中,該抗體特異性結合ROR-1蛋白質之細胞外功能域之3’或中間類Ig區。一項具體實施例中,該抗體結合ROR-1蛋白質之細胞外功能域之位置1-147之類Ig區之3’端。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體抑制轉移。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為抗體片段。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為人類抗體。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為人類化抗體。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為嵌合抗體。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為單鏈抗體。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約550pM至約6nM。一項具體實施
例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約600pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約650pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約700pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約750pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約800pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約850pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約900pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約950pM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1.5nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約2nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約2.5nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約3nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約3.5nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約4nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約4.5nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約5nM至約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約5.5nM至約6nM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親
和性為500pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為550pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為600pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為650pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為700pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為750pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為800pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為850pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為900pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為950pM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為1nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為1nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為1.5nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為2nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為2.5nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為3nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為3.5nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為4nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為4.5nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為5nM至6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為5.5nM至6nM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約5.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約4.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約2.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約1.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約950pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約900pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約850pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約800pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約750pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約700pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約
650pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約600pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM至約550pM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至5.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至4.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至2.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至1.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至950pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至900pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至850pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至800pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至750pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親
和性為500pM至700pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至650pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至600pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM至550pM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約500pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為500pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約550pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為550pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約600pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為600pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約650pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為650pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約700pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為700pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約750pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為750pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約800pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為800pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約850pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為850pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約900pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為900pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約950pM。一項具體實施例
中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為950pM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約1.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為1.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約2.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為2.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為3.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約4.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為4.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約5.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為5.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體具有之結合親和性為6nM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約40nM(例如:35、30、25、20、15、10、9、8、7、6、5、4、3、2、1、0.5、0.25、0.1nM)。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於40nM(例如:35、30、25、20、15、10、9、8、7、6、5、4、3、2、1、0.5、0.25、0.1nM)。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約35nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於35nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約30nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於30nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約25nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於25nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約20nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於20nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約15nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於15nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約10nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於10nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約9nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於9nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約8nM。
一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於8nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約7nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於7nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於6nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於4nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於3nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於2nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約0.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於0.5nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於約0.25nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於0.25nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1
蛋白質結合之KD為低於約0.1nM。一項具體實施例中,該抗體與ROR-1蛋白質結合之KD為低於0.1nM.
一項具體實施例中,該抗體為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab),本文中亦稱為99961.1或UC-961。一項具體實施例中,該抗體為D10。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑係呈組合之協同性用量投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體係呈組合之協同性用量投藥。本文所採用「組合之協同性用量」係指可產生協同效應(亦即超過加成效應時之效應)之第一用量(例如:BTK拮抗劑之用量)與第二用量(例如:ROR-1拮抗劑之用量)之總和。因此,在本文中可交換使用之術語「協同」、「協同性」、「協同作用」、「組合之協同性用量」、與「協同性醫療效應」係指化合物組合投藥時所測得之效應,其中該測得之效應超過各該化合物作為單一藥劑單獨投藥時之個別效應之總和。
在具體實施例中,協同性用量可能為與ROR-1拮抗劑分開使用時之BTK拮抗劑用量之約0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2.0、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9、3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3,6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、
6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9、9.0、9.1、9.2、9.3、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、9.8、9.9、10.0、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、56、57、58、59、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、或99%。一項具體實施例中,協同性用量可能為與BTK拮抗劑分開使用時之ROR-1拮抗劑用量之約0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2.0、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9、3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9、9.0、9.1、9.2、9.3、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、9.8、9.9、10.0、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、
56、57、58、59、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、或99%。
該協同效應可能為降低BTK活性效應及/或降低ROR-1活性效應。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑之間之協同性造成之降低量可能比單獨或分開使用BTK拮抗劑或ROR-1拮抗劑時之降低量總和(例如:降低BTK活性或降低ROR-1活性)更降低約0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2.0、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9、3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9、9.0、9.1、9.2、9.3、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、9.8、9.9、10.0、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、56、57、58、59、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、
90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99、或100%以上。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑之間之協同性對BTK蛋白質與/或ROR-1蛋白質之抑制性可能造成比單獨或分開使用BTK拮抗劑或ROR-1拮抗劑時之抑制性總和更抑制0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2.0、2.1、2.2、2.3、2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9、3.0、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9、4.0、4.1、4.2、4.3、4.4、4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.8、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9、9.0、9.1、9.2、9.3、9.4、9.5、9.6、9.7、9.8、9.9、10.0、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、56、57、58、59、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94、95、96、97、98、99、或100%以上。
該協同效應可為治療癌症效應,如:淋巴瘤(亦即治療淋巴瘤之協同效應)、白血病(亦即治療白血病之協同效應)、骨髓瘤(亦即治療骨髓瘤之協同效應)、
AML(亦即治療AML之協同效應)、B-ALL(亦即治療B-ALL之協同效應)、T-ALL(亦即治療T-ALL之協同效應)、腎細胞癌(亦即治療腎細胞癌之協同效應)、結腸癌(亦即治療結腸癌之協同效應)、結腸直腸癌(亦即治療結腸直腸癌之協同效應)、乳癌(亦即治療乳癌之協同效應)、鱗狀上皮細胞癌(亦即治療鱗狀上皮細胞癌之協同效應)、黑色素瘤(亦即治療黑色素瘤之協同效應)、胃癌(亦即治療胃癌之協同效應)、腦癌(亦即治療腦癌之協同效應)、肺癌(亦即治療肺癌之協同效應)、胰臟癌(亦即治療胰臟癌之協同效應)、子宮頸癌(亦即治療子宮頸癌之協同效應)、卵巢癌(亦即治療卵巢癌之協同效應)、肝癌(亦即治療肝癌之協同效應)、膀胱癌(亦即治療膀胱癌之協同效應)、攝護腺癌(亦即治療攝護腺癌之協同效應)、睪丸癌(亦即治療睪丸癌之協同效應)、甲狀腺癌(亦即治療甲狀腺癌之協同效應)、頭頸癌(亦即治療頭頸癌之協同效應)、子宮癌(亦即治療子宮癌之協同效應)、腺癌(亦即治療腺癌之協同效應)、腎上腺癌(亦即治療腎上腺癌之協同效應)、慢性淋巴球性白血病(亦即治療慢性淋巴球性白血病之協同效應)、小淋巴球性淋巴瘤(亦即治療小淋巴球性淋巴瘤之協同效應)、邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤(亦即治療邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤之協同效應)、伯奇氏淋巴瘤(Burkitt’s lymphoma)(亦即治療伯奇氏淋巴瘤之協同效應)、與B細胞白血病(亦即治療B細胞白血病之協同效應)之治療效應。
BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑可以組合或同
時(例如:呈混合物)、分開但同時(例如:經由分開之靜脈內路徑)或依序(例如:先投與其中一種藥劑後再投與第二種藥劑)投藥。因此,術語組合係用於指併行、同時或依序投與BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑係同時或依序投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑同時投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑依序投藥。在治療過程中,BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑可在一些時間點依序投藥,在其他在時間點同時投藥。
在具體實施例中,若BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑依序投藥時,則ROR-1拮抗劑係在第一個時間點投藥,及BTK拮抗劑係在第二個時間點投藥,其中該第一個時間點在第二個時間點之前。或者,在具體實施例中,若BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑依序投藥時,BTK拮抗劑係在第一個時間點投藥,及ROR-1拮抗劑係在第二個時間點投藥,其中該第一個時間點在第二個時間點之前。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體係同時或依序投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與該抗ROR-1抗體同時投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體依序投藥。在治療過程中,BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體可在一些時間點依序投藥,在其他在時間點同時投藥。
在具體實施例中,若BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1
抗體依序投藥時,該抗ROR-1抗體係在第一個時間點投藥,及BTK拮抗劑係在第二個時間點投藥,其中該第一個時間點在第二個時間點之前。或者,在具體實施例中,若BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體依序投藥時,BTK拮抗劑係在第一個時間點投藥,及該抗ROR-1抗體係在第二個時間點投藥,其中該第一個時間點在第二個時間點之前。
治療過程最好依據個體之特徵及所選擇之治療型態分別決定。如:本文說明之彼等治療法可以每天、每天兩次、每兩周、每月、或依任何具有醫療效應之施藥方式投與個體。該治療法可以單獨投與或與本文揭示或相關技藝已知之任何其他治療法組合投與。該其他治療法可與第一治療法同時投與、在不同時間投與、或依完全不同之療程投與(例如:第一治療法可每天投與,而其他治療法則每周投與)。
若BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑同時投藥時,BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑可呈混合物投藥。因此,一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑及ROR-1拮抗劑係在投藥前先混合。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg、2mg/kg、5mg/kg、10mg/kg或15mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為2mg/kg。一項
具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約10mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為10mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約15mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為15mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約420mg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為420mg。
一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg、2mg/kg、3mg/kg、5mg/kg或10mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約10mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg及ROR-1拮抗劑係投與約2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為5mg/kg及ROR-1拮抗劑係投與2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投
藥量為約5mg/kg及ROR-1拮抗劑係投與約1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為5mg/kg及ROR-1拮抗劑係投與1mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少14天期間每天投藥(例如:15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、40、45、或50天期間)。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少15天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少16天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少17天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少18天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少19天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少20天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少21天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少22天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少23天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少24天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少25天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少26天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少27天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少28天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少29天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少30天期間每天投藥。一項具
體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少31天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少32天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少33天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少34天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少35天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少40天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少45天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在至少50天期間每天投藥。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在約28天期間每天投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為在28天期間每天投藥。
一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑為在約28天期間投藥一次。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑為在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑為經靜脈內投藥。一項具體實施例中,ROR-1拮抗劑為經靜脈內投藥。
一項具體實施例中,該個體為哺乳動物。一項具體實施例中,該個體為人類。
如上述,本文包括其具體實施例,所提供之方法與組成物適用於治療癌症,明確言之表現ROR-1之癌症。一項具體實施例中,該癌症為淋巴瘤、白血病、骨髓瘤、AML、B-ALL、T-ALL、腎細胞癌、結腸癌、結腸直
腸癌、乳癌、鱗狀上皮細胞癌、黑色素瘤、胃癌、腦癌、肺癌、胰臟癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、攝護腺癌、睪丸癌、甲狀腺癌、頭頸癌、子宮癌、腺癌、或腎上腺癌。一項具體實施例中,該癌症為慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)、小淋巴球性淋巴瘤、邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤、伯奇氏淋巴瘤、或B細胞白血病。
本文包括其具體實施例,所提供之BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥組合可以變化。例如:特定之BTK拮抗劑(例如:依魯替尼)可與特定特之ROR-1拮抗劑(例如:希組單抗)組合。因此,一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑抑達利希(idelalisib)係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑福馬單抗(fostamatinib)係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑ONO/GS-4059係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑BGB-3111係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑CC-292(AVL-292)係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑R406係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈
內投藥量為1mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼
係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每
天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10
mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為15mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為15mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為15mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為15mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈
內投藥量為15mg/kg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為420mg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為1mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為420mg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為2mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為420mg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為3mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為420mg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為5mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑依魯替尼
係與ROR-1拮抗劑希組單抗組合投藥,且依魯替尼經靜脈內投藥量為420mg及希組單抗經靜脈內投藥量為10mg/kg。另一項具體實施例中,依魯替尼係在28天期間每天投藥,及希組單抗係在28天期間投藥一次。
醫藥組成物進一步包括本文,包括其具體實施例,所提供之BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑之組成物。因此,一項態樣係提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、ROR-1拮抗劑與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
另一項態樣中,提供一種醫藥組成物,其包含布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑、抗ROR-1抗體與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。一項具體實施例中,BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體係呈組合之協同性用量,其中該組合之協同性用量可為有此需要之個體有效治療癌症。
包括在本文所提供醫藥組成物中之BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑可能為本文,包括其具體實施例,所說明之任何一種BTK拮抗劑與/或ROR-1拮抗劑。例如:BTK拮抗劑可為依魯替尼,及ROR-1拮抗劑可為希組單抗。同樣地,本文所提供之醫藥組成物可調配成其中BTK拮抗劑與ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為本文說明之任何一種用量。例如:依魯替尼之含量可以使得在投與組成物時,產生劑量約5mg/kg或420mg,及希組單抗之含量可以產生劑量約2mg/kg。
所提供之組成物特別適合供活體外與活體
內之調配物與投藥。合適之載劑與賦形劑與其調配物說明於Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,第21版,David B.Troy編輯,Lippicott Williams & Wilkins(2005)。醫藥上可接受之載劑意指不為生物學上或其他方面不可接受之材料,亦即該投材料在投與個體時,不會導致不期望之生物效應或與醫藥組成物中所包含之其他組份以有害方式交互作用。若投與個體時,可視需要選用該載劑,以儘量降低活性成份降解及儘量降低對個體之副作用。
本文提供之醫藥組成物所包括之組成物中,該活性成份(例如:本文,包括具體實施例或實例,說明之組成物)之含量為醫療有效量,亦即有效達成計畫目的時之用量。針對特定用途之真正有效量將特別依據所治療之病症而定。當於治療疾病之方法中投藥時,本文說明之重組體蛋白質將包含有效達成所需結果時之活性成份量,例如:調控目標分子之活性、及/或降低、消除、或減緩疾病症狀之演進。習知此相關技藝之人士之能力即可決定本發明化合物之醫療有效量,尤其可依據本文之詳細揭示內容決定。
所提供之組成物可包括單一藥劑或超過一種藥劑。所投與之組成物通常包括本文說明之藥劑溶解於醫藥上可接受之載劑中,較佳為水性載劑。有許多種水性載劑可以使用,例如:緩衝之生理食鹽水,與類似物。此等溶液為無菌,通常沒有不期望之物質。此等組成物可經過傳統習知之殺菌技術殺菌。該組成物可依需要包含醫藥
上可接受之輔助物質來接近生理條件,如:pH調整劑與緩衝劑、毒性調整劑,與類似物,例如:乙酸鈉、氯化鈉、氯化鉀、氯化鈣、乳酸鈉,與類似物。此等調配物中之活性劑濃度可以變化很大,且主要基於液體體積、黏度、體重、與類似因素,依據所選之特定投藥模式與患者之需求來選擇。
呈游離鹼或藥理上可接受之鹽之活性化合物可於與界面活性劑,如:羥基丙基纖維素,適當混合之水中製成溶液。亦可於甘油、液態聚乙二醇、與其混合物、及油中製成勻散液。在一般儲存與使用條件下,此等製劑可包含防腐劑,以防止微生物生長。
醫藥組成物可呈鼻內用或可吸入性溶液或噴液、氣霧劑或吸入劑傳送。鼻用溶液可為設計用於呈滴液或噴液投藥至鼻通道內之水溶液。鼻用溶液可以製成在許多態樣上類似鼻分泌物。因此,鼻用水溶液通常為等滲性,且稍微經過緩衝以維持pH 5.5至6.5。此外,若需要時,可以在調配物中包括彼等用於眼用製劑之類似抗微生物防腐劑,與適當之藥物安定劑。各種不同鼻用製劑商品係已知者且可包括例如:抗生素與抗組織胺。
口服調配物可包括賦形劑,如,例如:醫藥級甘露糖醇、乳糖、澱粉、硬脂酸鎂、糖精鈉、纖維素、碳酸鎂,與類似物。此等組成物係呈溶液、懸浮液、錠劑、丸劑、膠囊、持續釋放性調配物或粉劑等型式。有些具體實施例中,口服醫藥組成物將包含惰性稀釋劑或可同化之
可食性載劑,或其等可包埋在硬式或軟式明膠囊中,或其等可壓縮成錠劑,或其等可直接納入膳食食品中。供經口投與醫藥時,活性化合物可與賦形劑混合,並呈可攝取之錠劑、口含錠、喉片、膠囊、酏劑、懸浮液、糖漿、藥片、與類似型式使用。此等組成物與製劑應包含至少0.1%活性化合物。組成物與製劑之百分比當然可以變化,且可能宜佔單位重量之約2至約75%之間,或較佳在約25-60%。此等組成物中之活性化合物含量可以得到合適之劑量。
呈水溶液依非經腸式投藥時,例如:溶液應經過適當緩衝,且由液體稀釋劑先使用足量生理食鹽水或葡萄糖形成等滲性。水溶液,特定言之無菌水性介質,特別適合經靜脈內、肌內、皮下、與腹膜內投藥。例如:一個劑量可以溶於1ml等滲性NaCl溶液,並可加至1000ml皮下輸注用液體中或注射至建議之輸注部位。
無菌注射液製法可以由所需量之活性化合物或構築體納入適當溶劑中後,經過濾除菌。通常,勻散液製法為由各種不同無菌活性成份納入已包含基本勻散介質之無菌容器中。可採用真空乾燥與冷凍乾燥技術產生活性成份粉末,加上任何其他所需成份,用於製成無菌粉劑,供復水成為無菌注射液。亦包括製備供直接注射之更高濃度或更高度濃縮之溶液。可使用DMSO作為溶劑,可以極快速滲透,傳送高濃度活性劑至小區域。
化合物之調配物可含在單位劑量或多重劑量之密封容器中,如:安瓿與小瓶。因此,組成物可呈單
位劑型。此等型式之製劑可以再分成包含適量活性組份之單位劑量。因此,組成物可依投藥方法而定,呈各種不同單位劑型投藥。例如:適合經口投與之單位劑型包括(但不限於):粉劑、錠劑、丸劑、膠囊、與口含錠。
投與哺乳動物之劑量與頻率(單劑或多劑)可隨各種不同因素變化,例如:該哺乳動物是否罹患另一種疾病,其投藥途徑;接受者之體型大小、年齡、性別、健康、體重、體質量指數、及膳食;所治療疾病之症狀性質與程度(例如:癌症症狀與此等症狀之嚴重度)、併行治療之種類、所治療疾病之併發症或其他健康相關問題。其他療法或醫療劑可與本發明方法與化合物組合使用。彼等習知此相關技藝之人士即有能力調整及操作已確立之劑量(例如:頻率與持續時間)。
本文所說明之任何組成物(例如:所提供之細胞滲透性接合物)中,可先由細胞培養分析法測定醫療有效量。目標濃度為彼等可以達成本文所說明方法之活性化合物(群)濃度,其係採用本文說明之方法或相關技藝上已知之方法測定。如相關技藝習知,亦可由動物模式決定用於人類之有效量。例如:用於人類之劑量可以調配至已在動物中發現有效之濃度。可藉由追蹤有效性來調整人類之劑量,並如上述向上或向下調整劑量。依據上述方法及習知此相關技藝之人士能力範圍內之其他方法調整劑量,以在人體中達到最大效力。
劑量可以隨患者之需求及所使用之化合物
改變。本發明內容中,投與患者之劑量應足以在患者中隨時間產生有利之醫療效應。亦可由任何不良副反應之存在、性質、與程度來決定劑量大小。習知此相關技藝之人士有能力針對特定情況決定適當劑量。通常,先以低於化合物最佳劑量之較小劑量開始治療。然後,以小量遞增劑量,直到達到環境下最佳效應時為止。
可以個別調整投藥劑量與間隔,以針對所治療特定臨床病症投與該化合物之有效量。此舉將可配合個別之疾病嚴重程度狀態提供療程。
利用本文提供之教示,可以計畫不會造成實質毒性且仍可有效治療特定患者所出現之臨床症狀之有效預防或治療療程。此計畫應涉及考量如:化合物效力、相對生體可用率、患者體重、不良副反應之存在與嚴重度等因素,小心選擇活性化合物。
「醫藥上可接受之賦形劑」與「醫藥上可接受之載劑」係指有助於投與活性劑給個體並促進吸收之物質,其可包括在本發明組成物內,不會對患者引起顯著之不良毒性效應。醫藥上可接受之賦形劑之不設限實例包括水、NaCl、生理食鹽水溶液、加乳酸鹽之林格氏溶液(lactated Ringer’s)、蔗糖生理溶液、葡萄糖生理溶液、結合劑、填料、崩解劑、潤滑劑、包衣劑、甜味劑、調味劑、鹽溶液(如:林格氏(Ringer's)溶液)、醇類、油類、明膠類、碳水化合物,如:乳糖、直鏈澱粉或澱粉、脂肪酸酯類、羥基甲基纖維素、聚乙烯基吡咯啶、與著色劑、及類似物。
此等製劑可經過殺菌,若需要時,可與輔劑混合,如:潤滑劑、防腐劑、安定劑、濕化劑、乳化劑、影響滲透壓之鹽類、緩衝劑、著色劑、與/或芳香物質,及不會與本發明化合物產生不良反應之類似物。習知此相關技藝之人士咸了解其他適用於本發明之醫藥賦形劑。
術語「醫藥上可接受之鹽」係指衍生自相關技藝習知各種不同有機與無機抗衡離子之鹽類,且包括,僅供舉例,鈉、鉀、鈣、鎂、銨、四烷基銨,與類似物;且當包含一個鹼性官能基時,則包括有機或無機酸之鹽,如:鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、乙酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、草酸鹽,與類似物。
術語「製劑」計畫包括活性化合物使用包埋材料作為載劑形成膠囊之調配物,其中使用或不使用其他載劑之活性組份被載劑包圍,因此與其結合。同樣地包括膜衣錠與含錠。錠劑、粉劑、膠囊、丸劑、膜衣錠、與含錠可呈適合經口投藥之固體劑型使用。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由依魯替尼、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由抑達利希、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由福馬單抗、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由阿卡替尼、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由ONO/GS-4059、希組單抗、
與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由BGB-3111、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由CC-292(AVL-292)、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物係由R406、希組單抗、與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑組成。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為1mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為1mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為1mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為1mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為1mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為2mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為2mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為2mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之
依魯替尼含量等同劑量為2mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為2mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為5mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為5mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為5mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為5mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為5mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為10mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為10mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為10mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為10mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之
依魯替尼含量等同劑量為10mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為15mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為15mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為15mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為15mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為15mg/kg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為420mg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為1mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為420mg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為2mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為420mg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為3mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為420mg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為5mg/kg。一項具體實施例中,該醫藥組成物包括之依魯替尼含量等同劑量為420mg及希組單抗之含量等同劑量為10mg/kg。
經由BCR(B-細胞受體)訊號轉導之訊號轉導被認為在例如:慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)之疾病病因及/或演進中扮演重要角色。此級聯反應在CLL生物學中之重要性似乎已被利用計畫阻斷BCR-訊號轉導之小分子激酶抑制劑證實臨床活性之臨床試驗重視。然而,幾乎所有計畫阻斷BCR-訊號轉導之抑制劑均無法具有完全效應(CR),表示以BCR訊號轉導治療後之CLL之CR可能涉及可抗衡BCR訊號轉導之其他機轉。本申請者已特別發現,ROR-1,一種CLL之存活訊號,會被抑制劑誘發且造成此效應。
受體酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)為表現在罹患慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)與套細胞淋巴瘤(MCL)患者之淋巴瘤與白血病細胞之細胞表面,但不會表現在正常B-細胞或其他產後組織之細胞表面上之腫瘤胚胎抗原。配體Wnt5a會與ROR-1結合,造成募集鳥嘌呤核苷酸交換因子(GEFs),其活化Rac1與RhoA,促進與疾病相關之趨化性與增生作用。尚無人報導藉由同時抑制BTK與ROR-1來靶向BCR與ROR-1訊號轉導途徑。本文所呈現之工作已評估依魯替尼與新穎且具選擇性之抗ROR-1抗體希組單抗之組合對初代CLL樣本之活性。當與單一藥劑單獨使用時比較,同時使用BTK抑制劑與抗ROR-1抗體治療可進一步降低CLL細胞存活,其組合會進一步破壞配體所誘發之訊號轉導,而誘發協同性抑制生長。因此,同時靶向
此等激酶可能顯著提高臨床活性。
此外,抗ROR-1與依魯替尼之組合治療所觀察到之加強效力則為意外之效益。明確言之,由依魯替尼與展現細胞介導性抗腫瘤反應性之抗CD20抗體組合時,並未展現加強之效力。事實上,其顯示依魯替尼受到CD20抗體活性之干擾。
摘要。依魯替尼,係一種以不可逆方式抑制布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)之小分子,已顯示可藉由阻斷B-細胞受體(BCR)訊號轉導來治療慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)患者之效力,但其不會誘發完全效應(CR)或持續緩解。RTK樣孤兒受體-1(ROR-1)為Wnt5a之受體,在CLL演進中,於非典型Wnt訊號轉導中扮演重要角色。本研究中,本申請者在CLL細胞中測試依魯替尼對Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導所介導活性之效應。本申請者發現,Wnt5a可在經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中誘發Rac1活化作用,但當沒有Wnt5a時,依魯替尼之處理亦會抑制CLL增生;此點會被Wnt5a刺激作用逆轉。此等效應會被人類化抗ROR-1單株抗體(mAb),希組單抗(UC-961)阻斷。此外,於活體外及於活體內植入之ROR-1+白血病細胞中,UC-961與依魯替尼之組合處理顯著抑制CLL增生,比單獨使用各藥劑時更有效。本研究之結果提供之理論基礎為組合UC-961與依魯替尼作為治療罹患CLL與其他表現ROR-1
之B細胞腫瘤之患者之療法。
引言。經由B細胞受體(BCR)之訊號轉導在CLL之病因及/或演進中扮演重要角。BCR之交鏈造成CD79a/b與Src家族激酶LYN之磷酸化,造成募集及活化酪胺酸激酶Syk,誘發下游訊號轉導級聯事件,以致加強B-細胞存活。此級聯事件在CLL生物學中之重要性似乎已被在BCR-訊號轉導中很重要之激酶,如:Syk、Akt與BTK,之小分子抑制劑之醫療效應重視。依魯替尼為BTK之抑制劑,且可在大多數患者中誘發持續臨床效應,但其條件係必需無限期持續治療。然而,大多數患者通常僅達到部份效應(PR)。此外,患者即使延長單方療法之後,仍無法達成沒有可檢測殘留疾病(MRD)之完全效應。
依魯替尼無法達到深度CR之挫敗可歸因於仍存在其他不會被BTK之抑制劑阻斷之替代存活訊號轉導途徑。其中一種途徑為經由ROR-1,一種表現在CLL細胞上,但不會表現在正常產後組織上之腫瘤胚胎抗原,之訊號轉導誘發。本申請者已發現,ROR-1可作為Wnt5a之受體,其可誘發非典型Wnt-訊號轉導,造成Rho GTPases(如:Rac1)之活化,並加強白血病細胞增生與存活。Wnt5a對Rac1之活化作用可被抗ROR-1 mAb,UC-961,抑制,其係人類化單株抗體新藥,目前正針對CLL患者進行臨床試驗評估。
本研究中,本申請者探討在BCR訊號轉導抑制劑依魯替尼之存在下之Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導,並檢
測依魯替尼與人類化抗ROR-1單株抗體(mAb):希組單抗(UC-961)之組合於活體外及活體內治療CLL之效應。
結果。
於CLL細胞中,於依魯替尼之存在下,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用。Wnt5a可在許多種細胞型態,包括CLL細胞,中誘發Rac1活化。本申請者評估Wnt5a是否可在經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中誘發Rac1活化。因此,本申請者使用依魯替尼,濃度0、0.25、0.5或1.0μM處理CLL細胞2小時後,使用外源性Wnt5a處理細胞30分鐘。免疫墨點分析法顯示,使用Wnt5a處理會誘發Rac1活化,且此等活化作用不會被依魯替尼阻斷,即使濃度達1μM(第6A圖),此濃度被視為超過生理濃度,與過去的報告相符,會造成100%之BTK佔有率(第6B圖)。此外,依魯替尼在低達0.25μM之濃度時,會完全抑制連接抗μ之BCR所誘發之鈣流量(圖S11C),不會大幅影響CLL細胞活力(第6D圖)。
依魯替尼於CLL患者血漿中之最高濃度為約0.5μM。因此,本申請者在接續試驗中使用0.5μM依魯替尼處理CLL細胞。本申請者在使用或不使用UC-961下,檢測Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用。本申請者使用依魯替尼、UC-961、或依魯替尼與UC-961之組合前處理CLL細胞2小時,然後使用或不使用Wnt5a重組體蛋白質處理30分鐘。依魯替尼不會抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用,然而,UC-961之處理降低Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化
作用,其程度相當於未經過外源性Wnt5a處理之CLL細胞所觀察到之程度(第1A-1B圖)。此外,UC-961與依魯替尼之組合亦抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1至基線程度(第1A-1B圖)。
本申請者檢測正接受依魯替尼治療之患者之CLL細胞是否會受Wnt5a刺激。因此,從正接受標準醫療劑量420mg QD依魯替尼治療之患者中收集血液單核細胞。取單離之CLL細胞使用或不使用Wnt5a與/或UC-961培養。西方墨點分析法顯示,在來自此等患者之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a誘發Rac1活化,而與UC-961培養時,則抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用;Rac1之活性程度類似沒有接受處理之樣本(第1C-1D圖)。此等結果證實依魯替尼不會抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用。
於CLL細胞中,於依魯替尼之存在下,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生作用。Rac1-GTPase之活化作用會加強增生作用。本申請者使用表現CD154之細胞(HeLaCD154),於外源性間白素(IL)-4與IL-10之存在下共同培養,誘發CLL細胞增生作用。在此等培養物中添加外源性Wnt5a,從標記羧基螢光素琥珀醯亞胺基酯(CFSE)之細胞之螢光強度推斷,顯著加強分裂細胞之比例;此效應可被UC-961抑制(第2A圖)。反之,CLL細胞與野生型HeLa細胞共同培養時,即使在IL-4/10與/或Wnt5a之存在下,亦不會誘發增生(第7A-7B圖)。本申請者之結果證實,由Wnt5a誘發之增生作用會被UC-961抑制,其程度相當於彼
等在不使用Wnt5a之培養物中觀察到之程度。使用依魯替尼處理時,會抑制CD154所誘發之CLL-細胞增生;然而,在依魯替尼之存在下,外源性Wnt5a仍會加強分裂細胞之比例(第2A圖);此結果可被UC-961抑制(第2A圖)。不同患者(N=6)使用CLL細胞時會觀察到相同效應(第2B圖)。總言之,此等數據證實UC-961可阻斷不受依魯替尼影響之Wnt5a-訊號轉導。
於CLL患者所衍生之異種移植物中使用UC-961與依魯替尼之組合。本申請者將CLL移植入免疫缺陷Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠之腹膜腔內,產生異種移植物。本申請者檢測UC-961與依魯替尼之組合在此等異種移植物中消耗CLL細胞之能力。對此,本申請者取含在AIM-V培養基中之1×107個活的初代CLL細胞,注射至每隻小鼠之腹膜腔內。一天後,小鼠係不接受處理治療或每天經胃管口服劑量15mg/kg依魯替尼、與/或單劑之1mg/kg UC-961。7天後,從腹膜灌洗液(PL)收集CLL細胞,使用流式細胞計檢測。UC-961或依魯替尼處理組小鼠所計算每PL之CLL細胞數顯著低於無處理之對照組小鼠。然而,同時經過UC-961與依魯替尼處理之動物組每PL之CLL細胞則顯著低於其他各組,包括彼等經過單一藥劑依魯替尼或UC-961處理組(第3圖)。此等數據證實,在此異種移植模式中,UC-961對依魯替尼在清除白血病細胞具有加成效應。
於依魯替尼之存在下,UC-961抑制Wnt5a所加強之Rac1活化及ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之增生。從
已發展出白血病之ROR-1×TCL1雙重轉基因小鼠中單離ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞。本申請者使用依魯替尼或UC-961前處理ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞2小時後,使用或不使用Wnt5a重組體蛋白質處理細胞30分鐘。類似本申請者使用人類CLL細胞時之發現,Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用可受到UC-961抑制,但不會受依魯替尼抑制(第4A-4B圖)。UC-961與依魯替尼之組合亦會抑制Wnt5a所誘發Rac1之活化至基線程度(第4A-4B圖)。然而,Wnt5a處理無法在來自缺少表現ROR-1之單轉基因TCL1小鼠之白血病細胞中誘發Rac1活化(第8A圖)。
再次,當ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞與HeLaCD154,在外源性IL-4與IL-10之存在下培養時,可誘發增生。增添加外源性Wnt5a處理可顯著加強分裂細胞之比例與細胞分裂數,其可從標記CFSE之細胞之螢光下降來推斷(第4C-4D圖)。類似人類CLL細胞,ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞與野生型HeLa細胞共同培養時,即使在IL-4/10與/或Wnt5a之存在下,仍不會誘發增生(第8B圖)。使用依魯替尼處理會部份抑制CD154所誘發之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生。不同於依魯替尼,UC-961無法抑制Wnt5a因應CD154與IL-4/10而加強ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生之能力(第4C-4D圖)。另一方面,Wnt5a不會加強與HeLaCD154細胞及IL-4/10共同培養之ROR-1-陰性TCL1-白血病細胞之增生。
移植ROR-1×TCL1白血病之小鼠中UC-961
與依魯替尼之組合。本申請者檢測UC-961與依魯替尼之組合於Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中抑制植入之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞(CD5+B220低ROR-1+)之能力。本申請者在Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中分別植入2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞,然後每天使用15、5、1.67mg/kg依魯替尼處理,或使用單劑10、3、1mg/kg UC-961處理。25天後,殺死動物,檢查脾臟。依魯替尼與UC-961以依賴劑量之方式抑制ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞擴增。本申請者選擇1mg/kg單劑UC-961與每天5mg/kg劑量之依魯替尼進行組合試驗。雖然單獨接受UC-961或依魯替尼處理之小鼠之脾臟顯著小於沒有經過處理之同胎手足,但UC-961與依魯替尼之組合仍使脾臟大小達最大之縮小程度(第5A圖)。本申請者利用流式細胞計檢測脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞比例(第5B圖)。UC-961或依魯替尼處理組小鼠之每個脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞百分比與總細胞數均顯著低於未接受處理之小鼠。然而,同時接受UC-961與依魯替尼處理之動物之每個脾臟中ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞數均顯著低於所有其他組,包括彼等接受單一藥劑依魯替尼或UC-961之處理組(第5C圖)。
討論。
CLL之特徵在於會在如:淋巴結(LN)與骨髓(BM)之組織腔中增生之單株成熟CD5+ B細胞之擴增。腫瘤增生作用之差異可能在於CLL之不同源臨床過程,並反映惡性淋巴球之間之遺傳差異,及推動腫瘤增生之外來訊
號之活性。CLL細胞依賴與存在於腫瘤微環境中之細胞及可溶性因子之交互作用,進行增生及存活。可能於活體內支持CLL增生與存活之途徑中,BCR訊號轉導似乎為其中一種重要途徑。BTK涉及BCR訊號轉導,並且係許多CLL發展方面所必需。本申請者在本研究中證實,依魯替尼之處理可以100%抑制BTK,抑制IgM所誘發之BCR訊號轉導,如:鈣流量,並降低CD154介導之CLL增生。
細胞途徑之運作比起高速公路,比較像是網絡系統。癌症利用病理訊號轉導與基因調節機轉之多樣性來促進其存活、增生、與惡性表型。本申請者已報告,ROR-1表現在CLL中,造成CLL演進。其功能研究顯示,Wnt5a,一種係ROR-1之配體,於CLL細胞中刺激ROR-1,來活化Rac1,且Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導對CLL演進很重要。本申請者檢測依魯替尼對Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導之功能之效應,其已顯示對Rac1活化與CLL增生很重要。本申請者已發現,即使依魯替尼可抑制CD154所誘發之CLL增生,此點與過去之報告數據相符,但當在外源性IL-4/10之存在下與HeLaCD154細胞共培養時,仍無法抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化及Wnt5a所加強之CLL增生。此外,在接受依魯替尼治療之患者中,Wnt-5a顯著誘發Rac1活化。CLL患者顯示對抗依魯替尼之原發抗性,因為出現CLL細胞之抗性純系,此點可能歸因於依魯替尼無法阻斷Wnt5a誘發之訊號轉導,此點對CLL細胞生物學很重要,尤其在LN與BM微環境中。已有報告指出,依魯替尼阻斷Fc γ R
介導之鈣訊號轉導與細胞素之製造,但對負責肌動蛋白聚合及吞噬作用之Rac活化作用沒有影響。
經常需要組合療法來有效治療許多種腫瘤,因為會有多重冗餘、或替代途徑可能隨途徑之抑制而被活化,造成抗藥性及臨床上復發。研究者已致力於使用依魯替尼與其他白血病治療藥物之組合療法。亦已觀察到提高Bcl-2蛋白質時,會同時降低Mcl-1與Bcl-XL,顯示其係經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞之存活機轉。依魯替尼與Bcl-2抑制劑(ABT-199)之組合在套細胞淋巴瘤細胞中,透過干擾BTK與Bcl-2途徑,而對增生之抑制及細胞凋亡顯示協同效應。由於BTK與PI3K以差異性調節BCR訊號轉導,因此與依魯替尼及PI3K抑制劑(抑達利希(idelalisib))之組合療法造成MCL與CLL細胞從促進其增生與存活之環境更顯著移動。此外,依魯替尼與抗CD20 mAb組合之研究顯示,依魯替尼實質降低CLL細胞上之CD20表現並實質減少補體介導之殺死細胞。依魯替尼與抗CD20 mAb之間這種負面交互作用可能降低組合療法之效力。所有此等研究顯示,當尋求與依魯替尼之組合療法時,判別BCR訊號轉導與其他替代性訊號轉導之間可能交互作用或交叉反應很重要。
本申請者在本文中證實,UC-961在Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用中顯示顯著抑制活性,藉以抑制Wnt5a加強之CLL增生作用。此外,在接受者Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中投與UC-961與依魯替尼之組合,可因超過各單一
藥劑之加成效應而消除白血病細胞。
UC-961與依魯替尼彼此加強效應。總結,組合療法不僅可在其促進生長環境下降低增生率,而且降低CLL細胞從該環境顯著移動。從藥物清除率與蛋白質轉換觀點而言,該效應亦可能更強且延長,因為當使用該組合時,不需要佔滿BTK與ROR-1。此外,可投與較低劑量,此點可能對效率/毒性比值有利。然而,最重要一點,可能本來即可克服靶向途徑中超過一個關鍵組份,並可克服或預防後天(單方)療法抗性。例如:UC-961可能對接受依魯替尼處理之患者仍然有利,其出現BTK上依魯替尼結合位點突變、在BTK軸之其他分子中突變,如:PLC γ 2、與被判別與預後不佳有關之SF3B1突變)。
總言之,本申請者於使用CLL或ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之活體外及活體內系統中使用UC-961,支持UC-961作為醫療藥物之潛力並值得進一步探討其與依魯替尼之組合療法,以針對CLL及可能針對其他表現ROR-1之B細胞惡性病(其依賴活性BCR訊號轉導與/或腫瘤微環境)。
方法。
細胞與樣本製備
CLL標本。從加州聖地牙哥大學(the University of California San Diego)Moores癌症中心之CLL患者收集血液樣本。利用密度離心法,採用Ficoll-Paque PLUS(GE Healthcare Life Sciences)單離PBMC,並懸浮於
90%胎牛血清(FBS)(Omega Scientific)與10% DMSO(Sigma-Aldrich),於液態氮中保存活細胞。本研究採用含>95% CD19+CD5+ CLL細胞之樣本,不再進一步純化。
依魯替尼佔有率分析法。使用濃度遞增之依魯替尼(0、0.25、0.5或1μM)處理CLL細胞1小時。細胞隨後使用磷酸鹽緩衝之生理食鹽水洗滌,存放在-80℃下,直到如本文說明進行BTK佔有率分析法為止。採用GraphPad Prism 6.0版(GraphPad,San Diego,CA)比較BTK佔有率。
鈣流量分析法。由CLL細胞與0、0.25、0.5或1.0μM依魯替尼培養30min後,加載不含Ca2+與Mg2+之2mM Fluo-4AM(Molecular Probes)之漢氏平衡鹽溶液(Hanks Balanced Salt Solution)。細胞保存在37℃,使用抗人類IgM F(ab)2刺激。採用流式細胞計分析法,如本文說明,追蹤鈣釋放。
細胞增生分析法。如本文說明分析初代CLL或ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生作用。使用羧基螢光素琥珀醯亞胺基酯(CFSE,Life Technologies)標記白血病細胞,依1.5×106/孔/ml塗佈在24-孔盤中,含於完全RPMI-1640培養基(補充5ng/mL重組體人類間白素(IL)-4(R&D Systems)與15ng/mL重組體人類IL-10(R&D Systems))中之一層經過照射之HeLaCD154細胞(8000Rad;80Gray)上,CLL/HeLaCD154細胞比為15:1。Wnt5a(200ng/ml,R&D Systems)或UC-961(10μg/ml)係如文中之指示。採用流式細
胞計分析標記CFSE之CLL細胞;使用Modfit LT軟體(3.0版,Verity Software House),如前述說明分析細胞增生作用。
Rac1活化作用分析法。Rac1活化作用分析試劑購自Cytoskeleton,且依據製造商之指示使用。簡言之,利用PAK-PBD珠吸出與GTP結合之活性Rac1,然後進行免疫墨點分析。使用全細胞溶胞物之免疫墨點來分析總Rac1。由光密度分析法分析條帶之積分光密度(IOD),使用Gel-Pro Analyzer 4.0軟體(Media Cybernetics,MD)分析。
免疫墨點分析法。如上述進行西方墨點分析法。自各樣本取等量總蛋白質,利用SDS-PAGE分離,吸墨在聚偏二氟乙烯膜上。使用針對Rac1之初級mAb進行西方墨點分析法,使用與辣根過氧化酶接合之二級抗體檢測(Cell Signaling Technology)。
衍生自人類CLL患者之異種移植試驗。取6至8週齡之Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠(原購於Catriona Jamieson,University of California San Diego),安置在特定無病原菌條件下之通風櫥內並自由取食。本申請者取2×107個活的初代CLL細胞含於AIM-V培養基中,注射至每隻小鼠之腹膜腔內。次日,經由i.p.注射一次1mg/kg UC-961,及每天經胃管口服依魯替尼15mg/kg。7天後,在腹腔內注入總體積12mL杜氏(Dulbecco’s)PBS,抽出腹膜灌洗液(PL)。利用Guava計數法(Guava counting)測定PL細胞之總回收量。隨後,使用小鼠與與人類Fc阻斷劑,於4℃下阻斷細
胞30min,使用各種不同人類細胞表面標記物(例如:CD19、CD5、CD45)染色後,加工以供進行流式細胞計分析。本申請者以PL中CLL細胞百分比乘以PL總細胞數,計算各PL之CLL細胞數。以來自經人類IgG處理之小鼠之殘留白血病細胞設定為100%基線值。各處理組包括至少6隻小鼠,數據係以平均值±SEM表示。
ROR-1×TCL1白血病繼承轉移試驗。本申請者於免疫缺陷Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠中分析UC-961與依魯替尼之組合之抗白血病活性。從脾臟中單離ROR-1×TCL1白血病B細胞(CD5+B220低ROR-1+),利用密度梯度離心法濃縮,懸浮於無菌PBS中,經i.v.注射至Rag2-/-γc -/-接受者小鼠中,每隻動物2×104個細胞。利用流式細胞計證實用於轉植之樣本為>95%白血病B細胞。進行UC-961之劑量依賴性療法時,讓接受者小鼠接受無處理,或於第一天經i.v.注射一劑10mg/kg、3mg/kg與1mg/kg UC-961。進行依魯替尼之劑量依賴性療法時,讓接受者小鼠接受無處理,或從第一天開始每天經p.o.注入15mg/kg、5mg/kg與1.67mg/kg依魯替尼。進行組合療法時,讓接受者小鼠接受無處理,或經i.v.注射一劑1mg/kg UC-961及/或從第一天開始每天經p.o.投與5mg/kg依魯替尼。於第25天殺死所有小鼠,取脾細胞之單細胞懸浮液,利用低渗溶胞法,於氯化銨-鉀(ACK)溶胞液中清除紅血球細胞,洗滌,懸浮於含2%(wt/vol)BSA(Sigma)之PBS(pH=7.4)中,及使用最佳濃度之與螢光染料接合之mAb染色,檢測CD3(17A2)、CD5
(53-7.3)、B220(RA3-6B2)、與ROR-1(4A5)之表面表現。使用雙雷射FACSCalibur(BD),利用四色多參數流式細胞計檢測細胞,使用FlowJo軟體(TreeStar)分析數據。採用流式細胞計測定總淋巴細胞之CD5+B220低ROR-1+細胞百分比,此數值乘以脾細胞總數,計算每個脾臟之白血病細胞總數。
統計。所出示之數據係以平均值±SEM表示,採用KS試驗法(Kolmogorov-Smirnov test)決定符合常態分佈條件之數據組。由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA分析平均值之間之差異之統計顯著性。P值低於0.05則視為顯著。採用GraphPad Prism 6.0(GraphPad Software Inc.)分析顯著性。
使用不同BCR抑制劑處理CLL細胞,並檢測ROR-1表現,在BCR抑制劑處理後即顯著誘發ROR-1表現。本申請者培養之CLL細胞在免疫缺陷Rag2/共用γ鏈剔除小鼠(Rag2-/- γc -/-)之腹膜腔中,由BCR訊號轉導抑制劑誘發提高ROR-1表現,其隨後再以對照Ig、抗ROR-1抗體、依魯替尼、或抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合處理。CLL細胞接受抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合處理時,比接受抗ROR-1抗體或依魯替尼單獨處理時更敏感。於免疫缺陷接受者小鼠中測試抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼抑制表現人類-ROR-1之囓齒類白血病細胞之繼承轉移之能力。在6隻RAG2-/-γc -/-小鼠中,經靜脈內注射1mg/kg人類化抗人類ROR-1 mAb UC-961。2小時後,所有小鼠均接受靜脈內
注射1x104個衍生自ROR-1xTCL1轉基因小鼠之CD5+B220低人類ROR-1+囓齒類白血病細胞。接受白血病異種移植後次日開始每天使用依魯替尼處理。當與對照組動物、使用單一藥劑處理之動物比較時,抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼組合處理組之脾臟中,白血病細胞減少90%以上,脾臟係累積此等惡性細胞之主要器官。
如第9圖所示,使用不同BCR抑制劑處理CLL細胞,檢測ROR-1表現,在BCR抑制劑處理後,顯著誘發ROR-1表現。
如第10圖所示,本申請者培養之CLL細胞在免疫缺陷Rag2/共用γ鏈剔除小鼠(Rag2-/- γc -/-)之腹膜腔中,由BCR訊號轉導抑制劑誘發提高ROR-1表現,其隨後再以對照Ig、抗ROR-1抗體、依魯替尼、或抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合處理。CLL細胞接受抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼組合處理時,比接受抗ROR-1抗體或依魯替尼單獨處理時更敏感。
如第11圖所示,對Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠經靜脈內注射1×104個衍生自ROR-1×TCL1轉基因小鼠之CD5+B220低人類ROR-1+囓齒類白血病細胞,次日接著接受對照Ig、抗ROR-1抗體、依魯替尼、或抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合處理。與單獨使用抗ROR-1抗體或依魯替尼時比較,抗ROR-1抗體與依魯替尼之組合處理造成脾臟中白血病細胞顯著降低,脾臟係累積此等惡性細胞之主要器官。
摘要。經由B細胞受體(BCR)之訊號轉導在慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)之病因及演進中扮演重要角。此點已被可以阻斷BCR-訊號轉導之布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)之抑制劑依魯替尼之臨床效應重視。然而,依魯替尼無法在沒有持續療法下誘發完全效應(CR)或持續緩解,此表示仍有與BCR-訊號轉導分開獨立之其他替代途徑亦造成CLL生長/存活。ROR-1為Wnt5a之受體,其可促進Rac1活化,加強CLL細胞增生與存活。本試驗中,本申請者已發現,經過依魯替尼處理之患者之CLL細胞具有活化之Rac1。此外,在依魯替尼以完全抑制BTK與BCR-訊號轉導之有效濃度處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a可誘發Rac1活化及加強增生。希組單抗(UC-961),係一種抗ROR-1 mAb,可阻斷Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化。本申請者已發現,希組單抗與依魯替尼之處理於活體內清除白血病細胞時,可以比其單獨處理時顯著地更有效。本試驗顯示,希組單抗在治療患有CLL或其他ROR-1+ B-細胞惡性病之患者時,可加強依魯替尼活性。
引言。CLL細胞依賴存在於腫瘤微環境中之細胞與可溶性因子之交互作用進行增生與存活。在活體內支持CLL增生與存活之途徑中,BCR-訊號轉導扮演重要角色。BCR之交互作用造成CD79 α/β與Src家族激酶LYN之磷酸化,造成酪胺酸激酶Syk募集與活化,誘發下游訊
號轉導級聯事件,以致加強B-細胞存活。此級聯事件在CLL生物學中之重要性似乎已被在BCR-訊號轉導中扮演關鍵角色之如:Syk、磷脂肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)、或布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)之小分子抑制劑之臨床活性重視。依魯替尼為BTK之小分子抑制劑,且已證實可高度有效治療CLL患者。然而,儘管具有優異臨床活性,在沒有持續醫療下,依魯替尼仍無法根除疾病或誘發持續效應。
依魯替尼在誘發完全效應上之挫敗可以歸因於其他無法利用BTK抑制劑阻斷之替代存活-訊號轉導途徑。其中一種途徑為經由ROR-1,一種表現在CLL細胞上,但不會表現在正常產後組織上之腫瘤胚胎抗原,之訊號轉導所誘發。本申請者已發現,ROR-1可以作為Wnt5a之受體,其可誘發非典型Wnt-訊號轉導以活化Rho GTPases,如:Rac1,及加強白血病細胞增生與存活。Wnt5a對Rac1之活化作用可以被抗ROR-1 mAb,希組單抗(UC-961)抑制,其為人類化單株抗體新藥,目前仍在CLL患者中進行臨床試驗評估。
本試驗中,本申請者探討Wnt5a/ROR-1訊號轉導是否會受依魯替尼之處理影響,並檢測依魯替尼與希組單抗於活體外及活體內對CLL細胞之活性。
材料與方法
血液樣本與動物。從加州聖地牙哥大學(the University of California San Diego)Moores癌症中心之CLL患者收集血液樣本,此等患者符合一般B-細胞CLL之診斷
及免疫表型標準,其等遵守赫爾辛基宣言(the Declaration of Helsinki)與聖地牙哥大學之人體試驗委員會(the Institutional Review Board(IRB))(IRB核准編號080918)提供書面同意書。依所說明單離PBMC。所有小鼠實驗均依據國家衛生研究院(National Institutes of Health)之實驗動物照護與使用指南及聖地牙哥大學核准之試驗程序進行。所有小鼠之年齡與性別均平均分配。
BTK-佔有率分析法。使用濃度遞增之依魯替尼(0、0.25、0.5或1μM)處理CLL細胞1小時。細胞隨後使用磷酸鹽緩衝之生理食鹽水洗滌,存放在-80℃下,直到如本文說明進行BTK佔有率分析法為止。採用GraphPad Prism 6.0版(GraphPad,San Diego,CA)比較BTK佔有率。
鈣流量分析法。由CLL細胞與0、0.25、0.5或1.0μM依魯替尼培養30min後,加載不含Ca2+與Mg2+之2mM Fluo-4AM(Molecular Probes)之漢氏平衡鹽溶液(Hanks Balanced Slt Slution)。細胞保存在37℃,使用抗人類IgM F(ab)2刺激。採用流式細胞分析法,如本文說明,分析鈣釋放量。
Rac1活化作用分析法。Rac1活化作用分析試劑係如上述,由本申請者之實驗室製作。如上述吸出Rac1及進行免疫墨點分析。
細胞增生分析法。本申請者依據上述說明進行白血病細胞增生分析法。針對此等分析法,本申請者利用其光散射特性及排除PI之能力,篩分活的CD5+CD19+
細胞(第18A-18B圖)。
細胞循環分析法。取白血病細胞(1×107)懸浮於100μl PBS,於4℃下,添加1ml冷乙醇進行固定。細胞於700 x g下離心2min,使用含1% BSA之PBS洗滌。集結之細胞塊再懸浮於500μl含1% BSA與1μl RNase(100mg/ml)之PBS;添加RNase以消化RNA。在細胞中添加PI溶液(0.5mg/ml,含於38mM檸檬酸鈉,pH 7.0)、1μl煮沸過之RNase A(100mg/ml)、與PI-染色溶液(0.5mg/ml,含於38mM檸檬酸鈉,pH 7.0;60μl),於室溫下與黑暗中培養1小時。隨後立即利用流式細胞計,使用FACSArray(Becton Dickinson)分析細胞,使用FlowJo軟體(Tree Star Inc.)分析數據。
衍生自CLL患者之異種移植物。取6至8週齡之Rag2-/- γc -/-小鼠(原購於Catriona Jamieson,University of California San Diego),安置在特定無病原菌條件下之通風櫥內並自由取食。本申請者取2×107個活的初代CLL細胞含於AIM-V培養基中,注射至每隻小鼠之腹膜腔內。次日,經由i.p.注射一劑1mg/kg希組單抗及每天經胃管口服依魯替尼15mg/kg。7天後,在腹腔內注入總體積12mL杜氏(Dulbecco’s)PBS,抽出腹膜灌洗液(PL)。利用Guava計數法(Guava counting)測定PL細胞之總回收量。隨後,使用小鼠與人類Fc阻斷劑,於4℃下阻斷細胞30min,使用各種不同人類細胞表面標記物(例如:CD19、CD5、CD45)染色後,加工以供進行流式細胞計分析。本申
請者以PL中CLL細胞百分比乘以PL總細胞,計算各PL之CLL細胞數。以來自經人類IgG處理之小鼠之殘留白血病細胞設定為100%基線值。各處理組包括至少5隻小鼠,數據係以平均值±SEM表示。
ROR-1×TCL1白血病繼承轉移試驗。本申請者於免疫缺陷Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠或免疫活性ROR-1-轉基因小鼠中,如過去文獻之說明分析希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合之抗白血病活性94。
統計分析。數據係以平均值±SEM表示,採用KS試驗法(Kolmogorov-Smirnov test)決定符合常態分佈條件之數據組。由杜基氏多重比較試驗,採用單向ANOVA分析平均值之間之差異之統計顯著性。本申請者採用GraphPad Prism 6.0(GraphPad Software Inc.),使用本文中說明之統計方法,計算顯著程度。p 0.05視為顯著。
結果
依魯替尼無法抑制Wnt5a在CLL中所誘發之Rac1活化。本申請者接受依魯替尼標準劑量420mg之患者中檢測血液單核細胞。新鮮單離之CLL細胞具有活化之Rac1,其在無血清培養基中培養時,會隨時間消退,除非提供外源性Wnt5a(第12A-12B圖),如同未服用依魯替尼之患者之CLL細胞所示。此外,取來自經過依魯替尼處理之患者之CLL細胞在使用或不使用Wnt5a與/或希組單抗下培養。免疫墨點分析法顯示,Wnt5a在來自所有檢測患者之CLL細胞中誘發Rac1活化,而接受希組單抗處理者
則抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化(第12C-12D圖)。此等結果顯示,依魯替尼療法不會抑制依賴ROR-1之Wnt5a誘發之Rac1活化。
本申請者檢測於活體外使用依魯替尼處理CLL細胞是否會在CLL中抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化。對此,本申請者從未處理患者中收集CLL細胞,與依魯替尼(濃度0、0.25、0.5、或1.0μM)培養2小時後,使用外源性Wnt5a處理細胞30分鐘。免疫墨點分析法證實,即使在濃度1μM依魯替尼之存在下,依魯替尼仍無法阻斷Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化(第6A圖),該濃度已遠超過達到100% BTK佔有率及抑制BTK活性時所需之濃度(第6B圖)。另一方面,本申請者發現依魯替尼在低達0.25μM之濃度下仍會抑制抗IgM誘發之鈣流量(第6C圖),不會大幅影響CLL-細胞活力(第6D圖)。
使用此藥物治療之患者之依魯替尼血漿高峰濃度為約0.5mM,此濃度可以達成100%佔有率及抑制BTK。因此,使用0.5μM依魯替尼進行後續試驗。本申請者在使用或不使用依魯替尼與/或希組單抗下,檢測Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化。CLL細胞使用依魯替尼、希組單抗、或依魯替尼與希組單抗二者培養2小時後,使用外源性Wnt5a刺激30分鐘。進行比較時,由來自相同CLL樣本之細胞在沒有Wnt5a下平行培養。使用Wnt5a處理CLL細胞,誘發Rac1活化至顯著高於未經Wnt5a處理之CLL細胞之程度(第12E-12F圖)。使用希組單抗但不使用依魯替尼處
理可以抑制Wnt5a在CLL細胞中誘發之Rac1活化作用(第12E-12F圖)。如所預期,依魯替尼不會阻斷希組單抗抑制Wnt5a所誘發Rac1活化之能力(第12E-12F圖)。
希組單抗在經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中抑制Wnt5a所加強之增生。Rac1-GTPase之活化會加強增生作用,而喪失Rac1則破壞造血細胞生長。本申請者以白血病細胞與表現CD154之HeLa細胞(HeLaCD154)及重組體間白素(IL)-4與IL-10共同培養,誘發CLL細胞增生。添加外源性Wnt5a至CLL細胞與HeLaCD154細胞及IL-4/10之共同培養物會顯著加強分裂CLL細胞之比例。使用希組單抗,但不使用依魯替尼處理CLL細胞會阻斷Wnt5a所加強之CLL細胞增生(第13A圖)。相同之效應亦出現在不同患者之CLL細胞(n=6)(第13B圖)。單獨使用IL4/10與/或Wnt5a不會誘發CLL-細胞增生(第18A-18B圖)。此外,通透化之白血病細胞使用碘化丙啶(propidium iodide)(PI)進行之細胞循環分析證實,Wnt5a在受CD154-刺激之白血病細胞中增加S/G2/M之比例(第13C-13D圖)。Wnt5a增加S/G2/M細胞比例之能力可受到希組單抗之處理抑制,但不受依魯替尼抑制(第13C-13D圖)。
希組單抗與/或依魯替尼於CLL患者衍生之異種移植物中之活性。本申請者取CLL細胞轉移至免疫缺陷Rag2-/-γc -/-小鼠之腹膜腔,並檢測依魯替尼與/或希組單抗之處理是否可以於活體內消除CLL細胞。因此,本申請者取1×107個活的初代CLL細胞含於AIM-V培養基中,
注射至每隻小鼠之腹膜腔。一天後,小鼠係不接受處理或每天經胃管口服劑量15mg/kg依魯替尼、與/或經i.p.注射一劑1mg/kg希組單抗。7天後,從腹膜灌洗液(PL)收集CLL細胞,使用流式細胞計檢測所收集腹膜細胞中CLL細胞之比例(第14A圖)。經過希組單抗或依魯替尼處理之小鼠之PL中CLL細胞之百分比與總數均顯著低於未接受任何處理之小鼠。然而,經過希組單抗與依魯替尼處理之小鼠之PL中CLL細胞數顯著低於單獨接受該藥劑處理之小鼠(第14B圖)。
希組單抗可抑制,但依魯替尼不會抑制ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞中Wnt5a所加強之Rac1活化與增生。從ROR-1×TCL1雙重轉基因且已發展出ROR-1+白血病之小鼠單離出ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞。本申請者使用依魯替尼或希組單抗前處理ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞2小時後,細胞使用或不使用Wnt5a培養30分鐘。類似人類CLL細胞之發現,Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化作用可以受到希組單抗抑制,但不會受依魯替尼抑制(第15A-15B圖)。希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合亦可抑制Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化,其程度可達到未處理之細胞所觀察到之程度(第15A-15B圖)。然而,Wnt5a之處理不會在單轉基因TCL1且發展出缺少ROR-1表現之白血病之小鼠之白血病細胞中誘發Rac1活化(第7C圖)。
再次,本申請者藉由ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞與HeLaCD154,於重組體IL-4/10之存在下共同培養,誘發
細胞增生。外源性Wnt5a顯著加強細胞分裂數量百分比(第15C圖)。如同人類CLL細胞,單獨使用Wnt5a與/或IL-4/10不會在ROR-1×TCL1轉基因小鼠之ROR-1+白血病細胞中誘發增生(第15C圖),此表示此效應依賴CD154。與早期之試驗一致,在與HeLaCD154細胞及IL-4/10共同培養之ROR-1-陰性TCL1-白血病細胞中,Wnt5a不會加強增生(第21A圖),此表示此效應依賴ROR-1。使用依魯替尼處理不會抑制Wnt5a加強CD154所誘發ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生之增生作用之能力。另一方面,希組單抗阻斷Wnt5a因應CD154與IL-4/10而加強ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞增生之能力(第15C圖)。
如人類CLL細胞所示,由通透化ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞使用PI進行之細胞循環分析法證實,Wnt5a會在受CD154-刺激之ROR-1+白血病細胞中增加S/G2/M細胞比例(第19A-19B圖)。此外,Wnt5a增加ROR-1+白血病細胞中之S/G2/M比例可受到希組單抗處理抑制,但不受依魯替尼抑制(第19A-19B圖)。
使用希組單抗與/或依魯替尼處理移植ROR-1×TCL1白血病之免疫缺陷小鼠。本申請者檢測希組單抗與/或依魯替尼抑制植入Rag2-/- γc -/-小鼠之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞之能力。本申請者在每隻動物中植入2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞後,每天經胃管投與依魯替尼15、5、1.67mg/kg、或經由靜脈注射投與一劑希組單抗1、3、或10mg/kg。25天後,殺死動物,檢查每
隻動物之脾臟。依魯替尼(第20A圖)或希組單抗(第20B圖)以依賴劑量之方式降低脾臟白血病細胞數量。本申請者選擇1mg/kg希組單抗劑量與每天5mg/kg劑量之依魯替尼進行組合試驗。雖然單獨接受希組單抗或依魯替尼處理之移植小鼠之脾臟顯著小於沒有經過任何處理之移植小鼠,但經過希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合處理之小鼠仍使脾臟大小達最大之縮小程度(第16A圖)。此外,希組單抗或依魯替尼處理組小鼠之脾臟中白血病細胞之平均比例與數量均顯著低於未接受處理之移植小鼠(第16B-16C圖)。然而,接受希組單抗與依魯替尼處理之移植動物中,每個脾臟之白血病細胞比例與數量均顯著低於所有其他組(第16B-16C圖)。
使用希組單抗與/或依魯替尼處理移植ROR-1×TCL1白血病之免疫活性小鼠。本申請者在免疫活性人類-ROR-1轉基因(ROR-1-Tg)小鼠中檢測希組單抗與/或依魯替尼抑制植入之ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞(CD5+B220低ROR-1+)之能力。本申請者取2×104個ROR-1×TCL1白血病細胞注射至ROR-1-Tg小鼠中,不投藥處理、每天經胃管投與5mg/kg依魯替尼、或每週經靜脈內注射10mg/kg希組單抗。28天後,殺死動物,檢查每隻動物之脾臟。雖然經過希組單抗或依魯替尼單獨處理之移植小鼠之脾臟顯著小於沒有接受任何處理之移植小鼠,但經過希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合處理之小鼠仍使脾臟大小達最大之縮小程度(第17A圖)。此外,希組單抗或依魯替
尼處理組小鼠之脾臟中白血病細胞之平均比例與數量均顯著低於未接受處理之小鼠(第17B-17C圖)。然而,接受希組單抗與依魯替尼處理之移植動物中,每個脾臟之白血病細胞比例與數量均顯著低於所有其他組(第17B-17C圖)。
討論
本試驗中,本申請者檢測接受依魯替尼處理之患者之CLL細胞,透過其抑制BTK之能力,可高度有效抑制BCR-訊號轉導。首先,本申請者發現接受依魯替尼處理之患者之CLL細胞具有活化之Rac1,其在無血清培養基中培養時,隨時間消退,除非本申請者在培養基中補充外源性Wnt5a。此外,本申請者已發現,Wnt5a可誘發CLL活化Rac1,其出現在各種不同細胞型態,包括CLL細胞。後續之研究顯示,即使以超過生理濃度之依魯替尼處理CLL細胞,此濃度超過達到100%BTK佔有率時所需之濃度且會抑制BTK與BCR-訊號轉導,Wnt5a仍可誘發Rac1活化。在此試驗中注意到Wnt5a-訊號轉導會依賴ROR-1,如希組單抗抑制Wnt5a誘發Rac1之能力所示。本申請者之結論為依魯替尼不會阻斷Wnt5a依賴ROR-1所誘發之Rac1活化,其作為影響多重訊號轉導途徑之細胞內訊號轉導劑。
活化之Rac1可能減弱抗癌療法之效力。過去的研究發現,活化之Rac1會加強CLL細胞對細胞毒性藥物之抗性。有一項試驗發現,活化之T細胞與纖維母細胞可誘發CLL細胞活化Rac1,且獲得對福達樂(fludarabine)單磷酸鹽之細胞毒性效應之抗性;抑制Rac1活化可以恢復
此等CLL細胞對此藥物之敏感性。另一項試驗中,發現Rac1會與在CLL中過度表現之Bcl-2交互作用並加強其功能。另一項涉及急性白血病細胞之試驗已發現,使用NSC-23766,一種活化之Rac1之抑制劑,處理時,可加強Bcl-2拮抗劑對白血病細胞之細胞毒性。最後,淋巴瘤細胞中喪失p53已與可使用NSC-23766抑制的Rac1或顯性抑制型(dominant-negative form)Rac1(Rac1N17)提高活化有關,造成以依賴劑量之方式提高自發性或藥物誘發性之細胞凋亡速率。咸了解,在經過依魯替尼處理之患者之CLL細胞中所觀察到之活化Rac1提供輔助訊號,加強經過依魯替尼處理之患者之白血病細胞存活。
此外,Wnt5a-訊號轉導亦會在接受依魯替尼治療之患者中促進白血病細胞增生。Wnt5-訊號轉導之功能結果一部份係由Wnt5a加強CD154所誘發增生作用來證實,其會於活體外於外源性IL4/10或IL-21之存在下誘發CLL增生。雖然依魯替尼會部份抑制CD154所誘發之CLL細胞增生,可能歸因於其抑制BCR及與BCR無關之獨立途徑,但本申請者已發現,依魯替尼無法抑制Wnt5a經由依賴ROR-1之訊號轉導加強CD154所誘發之CLL增生,但其卻會受到希組單抗之治療而阻斷。
Wnt5a主要可能由CLL微環境中之細胞產生,但亦可由患有含高量Wnt5a之CLL之患者之血漿產生。Wnt5a亦可能由CLL細胞本身產生,得以進行自體分泌活化作用。事實上,一項試驗已發現,可能表現高度
Wnt5a之CLL細胞顯著提高移動力與趨化反應,據推斷歸因於Wnt5a-自體分泌訊號轉導。本申請者亦注意到早期研究中,Wnt5a可加強CLL細胞經由RhoA之活化作用移向化學激素。然而,由於BTK在經由化學激素受體如:CXCR4,之CLL訊號轉導中扮演重要角色,因此本申請者著重於Wnt5a活化Rac1之能力,其會經由與BTK相對分開獨立之訊號轉導途徑來加強CD154所誘發之增生作用。
由於在經過依魯替尼處理之CLL細胞中發現完整之Wnt5a-ROR-1訊號轉導途徑,因此本申請者檢測依魯替尼與希組單抗之處理若沒有協同效應,若不是加成效應。本申請者已發現,移植組織相容性ROR-1+白血病、或人類CLL異種移植物之小鼠同時接受希組單抗與依魯替尼二者處理時,於活體內清除白血病細胞之效力顯著高於單獨使用該藥劑時之效力。此試驗顯示,希組單抗可在患有CLL或其他ROR-1+ B-細胞惡性病之患者中加強依魯替尼活性。
組合療法通常可以更有效治療癌症患者。繼續進行研究來評估依魯替尼與其他藥物,如:維尼特斯(venetoclax)或抗CD20 mAb,組合時之活性。由於希組單抗與依魯替尼靶向獨立之訊號轉導途徑,其等在小鼠模式中清除白血病細胞上具有顯著協同效應。藉由靶向造成白血病細胞生長/存活之超過一個訊號轉導途徑,希組單抗與依魯替尼之組合療法亦可減輕對BTK之抑制劑後天發生之抗性,因為有時候會發生在接受依魯替尼單方療法之患
者中。
總言之,從醫療效力與藥物抗性之觀點而言,此等臨床前觀察為罹患CLL或其他表現ROR-1之B-細胞惡性病之患者提供希組單抗與依魯替尼、或其他BTK抑制劑,如:阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib),之組合療法之基本原理。
本申請者之最近研究證實接受依魯替尼治療之患者之CLL細胞具有活化之Rac1。此外,在依魯替尼以完全抑制BTK與BCR-訊號轉導之有效濃度處理之CLL細胞中,Wnt5a可誘發Rac1活化及加強增生。Wnt5a所誘發之Rac1活化可被希組單抗(UC-961),一種抗ROR-1 mAb,阻斷。本申請者已發現,使用希組單抗與依魯替尼治療,於活體內清除白血病細胞時,其治療效力顯著高於單獨使用各藥劑時。本試驗顯示,希組單抗可在治療患有CLL或其他ROR-1+ B-細胞惡性病之患者時加強依魯替尼活性。因此,本申請者在MCL患者之初代淋巴瘤細胞中檢測Wnt5a所誘發ROR-1-依賴性Rac1之活化作用。由MCL細胞與依魯替尼、希組單抗或與依魯替尼及希組單抗二者同時培養2h後,使用外源性Wnt5a刺激30min。進行比較時,由來自相同MCL樣本之細胞在沒有Wnt5a下平行培養。如CLL細胞中所見,Wnt5a以依賴ROR-1之方式,誘發初代MCL細胞活化。例如:Wnt5a於初代MCL細胞中
誘發Rac1活化(第23A圖)。希組單抗,但不是依魯替尼,可在初代MCL細胞中,抑制Wnt5a誘發Rac1活化之能力,此點類似本申請者在初代CLL細胞中觀察到之結果。
活化Rac1-GTPase可加強增生,而喪失Rac1則破壞造血性細胞生長。碘化丙啶(propidium iodide)(PI)最常用於為DNA含量/細胞循環分析進行染色。為了評估MCL細胞對CD40連接作用及IL-4曝露之反應,本申請者讓淋巴瘤細胞與表現CD154之HeLa細胞(HeLaCD154)與重組體IL-4及IL-10共同培養,誘發初代MCL細胞增生。在MCL細胞與HeLaCD154細胞及IL-4/10之共培養物中添加外源性Wnt5a時,可顯著加強S/G2期MCL細胞之比例,其係如同CLL細胞所示,採用基於PI之細胞循環試驗推斷。本申請者亦使用PI通透化MCL細胞,進行細胞循環分析,並發現Wnt5a刺激作用顯著提高CD154所刺激S/G2期MCL細胞之比例(第23B圖)。Wnt5a加強S/G2期初代MCL細胞比例之之能力可被希組單抗之處理抑制,但不會被依魯替尼抑制,如同先前CLL細胞所觀察到之結果。
此等數據證實ROR-1訊號轉導於MCL中之功能重要性及希組單抗於此淋巴瘤中抑制ROR-1所介導致癌活性之能力。希組單抗於MCL中之活性與本申請者在CLL中觀察到者相同,本申請者在3種不同動物模式中清除白血病細胞時發現,希組單抗與依魯替尼具有協同性抗腫瘤活性。
新穎BTK抑制劑依魯替尼與磷脂肌醇-4-5-雙磷酸酯3-激酶-δ抑制劑抑達利希(idelalisib)(CAL-101)為治療慢性淋巴球性白血病與B-細胞非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤之候選藥物,其係單獨使用或與抗CD20抗體組合使用。使用依魯替尼前處理1小時不會提高細胞株或慢性淋巴球性白血病樣本因抗CD20抗體介導之直接細胞死亡。使用依魯替尼前處理不會抑制補體活化或補體介導之溶胞作用。反之,在純化系統或全血液分析法中,依魯替尼強力抑制抗CD20抗體利妥昔單抗(rituximab)、奧法木單抗(ofatumumab)或阿托珠單抗(obinutuzumab)所誘發之所有細胞介導之機轉。天然殺手細胞之活化、與抗體依賴性細胞毒性、及巨噬細胞或嗜中性細胞之吞噬作用均可受到依魯替尼抑制,其一半最大有效濃度為0.3-3μM。從接受連續口服依魯替尼治療之患者中單離天然殺手細胞,分析抗CD20介導之活化作用,顯示重覆投藥可於活體內抑制此等細胞。已顯示,磷脂肌醇-4-5-雙磷酸酯3-激酶-δ抑制劑抑達利希(idelalisib)同樣會抑制抗CD20抗體所誘發之免疫細胞介導之機轉,但此藥物在10μM之效應比相同濃度下之依魯替尼觀察到之結果更弱。在不希望受到理論限制下,咸信抗CD20抗體與此等激酶抑制劑之組合處理計畫設計應考量這兩種藥物之間之多重負面交互作用。
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99961.1 CDR H1(SEQ ID NO:1):GYAFTAYN
99961.1 CDR H2(SEQ ID NO:2):FDPYDGGS
99961.1 CDR H3(SEQ ID NO:3):GWYYFDY
99961.1 CDR L1(SEQ ID NO:4):KSISKY
99961.1 CDR L2(SEQ ID NO:5):SGS
99961.1 CDR L3(SEQ ID NO:6):QQHDESPY
D10 CDR H1(SEQ ID NO:7):GFSLTSYG
D10 CDR H2(SEQ ID NO:8):IWAGGFT
D10 CDR H3(SEQ ID NO:9):RGSSYSMDY
D10 CDR L1(SEQ ID NO:10):SNVSY
D10 CDR L2(SEQ ID NO:11):EIS
D10 CDR L3(SEQ ID NO:12):QQWNYPLIT
人類ROR-1(包括位置138之麩胺酸)展開之21個胺基酸(SEQ ID NO:14):VATNGKEVVSSTGVLFVKFGP
人類ROR-1(包括位置138之麩胺酸)展開之15個胺基酸(SEQ ID NO.15):EVVSSTGVLFVKFGP P具體實施例
具體實施例P1. 一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法,該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏(Bruton’s)酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體。
具體實施例P2. 根據具體實施例P1之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為CAL101、R406或依魯替尼(ibrutinib)。
具體實施例P3. 根據具體實施例P1至P2中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼。
具體實施例P4. 根據具體實施例P1至P3中一項之方法,其中該抗ROR-1抗體為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)。
具體實施例P5. 根據具體實施例P1至P4中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體係組合投與協同性用量。
具體實施例P6. 根據具體實施例P1至P5中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑與抗ROR-1抗體同時投藥或依序投藥。
具體實施例P7. 根據具體實施例P1至P6中一項之方法,其中該癌症為淋巴瘤或腺癌。
具體實施例P8. 根據具體實施例P1至P7中一項之方法,其中該淋巴瘤為慢性淋巴球性白血病、小淋巴球性淋巴瘤、邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤、或伯奇氏淋巴瘤(Burkitt’s lymphoma)。
具體實施例P9. 根據具體實施例P1至P8中一項之方法,其中該腺癌為結腸腺癌或乳房腺癌。
具體實施例P10. 一種醫藥組成物,其包含布魯頓氏酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑、抗ROR-1抗體與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑,其中該BTK拮抗劑與該抗ROR-1抗體係呈組合之協同性用量,其中該組合之協同性用量可為有此需要之個體有效治療癌症。
具體實施例1. 一種為有此需要之個體治療癌症之方法,該方法包括對該個體投與醫療有效量之布魯頓氏(Bruton’s)酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑與酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)拮抗劑。
具體實施例2. 如具體實施例1之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為小分子。
具體實施例3. 如具體實施例1或2之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼(ibrutinib)、抑達利希(idelalisib)、福馬單抗(fostamatinib)、阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)、ONO/GS-4059、BGB-3111或CC-292(AVL-292)。
具體實施例4. 如具體實施例1至3中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼。
具體實施例5. 如具體實施例1至4中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為抗體或小分子。
具體實施例6. 如具體實施例1至5中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為抗ROR-1抗體。
具體實施例7. 如具體實施例5至6中一項之方法,其中該抗體包含人類化重鏈可變區與人類化輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、與SEQ ID NO:3所示之序列;及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、與SEQ ID NO:6所示之序列。
具體實施例8. 如具體實施例3至7中一項之方法,其中該抗體為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)。
具體實施例9. 如具體實施例5至6中一項之方法,其中該抗體包含人類化重鏈可變區與人類化輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:8、與SEQ ID NO:9所示之序列;及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11、與SEQ ID NO:12所示之序列。
具體實施例10. 如具體實施例1至9中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑與該ROR-1拮抗劑係呈組合之協同性用量投藥。
具體實施例11. 如具體實施例1至10中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑與該ROR-1拮抗劑同時投藥或依序投藥。
具體實施例12. 如具體實施例1至11中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑係在第一個時間點投藥及該BTK拮抗劑係在第二個時間點投藥,其中該第一個時間點係在該第二個時間點之前。
具體實施例13. 如具體實施例1至12中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑與該ROR-1拮抗劑係在投藥前混合。
具體實施例14. 如具體實施例1至13中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg、2mg/kg、5mg/kg、15mg/kg或10mg/kg。
具體實施例15. 如具體實施例1至14中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg。
具體實施例16. 如具體實施例1至14中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約420mg。
具體實施例17. 如具體實施例1至16中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約1mg/kg、2mg/kg、3mg/kg、5mg/kg或10mg/kg。
具體實施例18. 如具體實施例1至17中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑之投藥量為約2mg/kg。
具體實施例19. 如具體實施例1至15或17至18中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg,及該ROR-1拮抗劑係投與約2mg/kg。
具體實施例20. 如具體實施例1至15或17中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑之投藥量為約5mg/kg,及該ROR-1拮抗劑係投與約1mg/kg。
具體實施例21. 如具體實施例1至20中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為在至少14天期間每天投藥。
具體實施例22. 如具體實施例1至21中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為在約28天期間每天投藥。
具體實施例23. 如具體實施例1至22中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為在約28天期間投藥一次。
具體實施例24. 如具體實施例1至23中一項之方法,其中該BTK拮抗劑為經靜脈內投藥。
具體實施例25. 如具體實施例1至24中一項之方法,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為經靜脈內投藥。
具體實施例26. 如具體實施例1至25中一項之方法,其中該個體為哺乳動物。
具體實施例27. 如具體實施例1至26中一項之方法,其中該個體為人類。
具體實施例28. 如具體實施例1至27中一項之方法,其中該癌症為淋巴瘤、白血病、骨髓瘤、AML、B-ALL、T-ALL、腎細胞癌、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、乳癌、鱗狀上皮細胞癌、黑色素瘤、胃癌、腦癌、肺癌、胰臟癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、攝護腺癌、睪丸癌、甲狀腺癌、頭頸癌、子宮癌、腺癌、或腎上腺癌。
具體實施例29. 如具體實施例1至28中一項之方法,其中該癌症為慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)、小淋巴球性淋巴瘤、邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤、伯奇氏淋巴瘤(Burkitt’s lymphoma)、或B細胞白血病。
具體實施例30. 一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、ROR-1拮抗劑與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑。
具體實施例31. 一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、抗ROR-1抗體與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑,其中該BTK拮抗劑與該抗ROR-1抗體係呈組合之協同性用量,其中該組合之協同性用量可為有此需要之個體有效治
療癌症。
具體實施例32. 如具體實施例30或31之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為小分子。
具體實施例33. 如具體實施例30至32中一項之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼(ibrutinib)、抑達利希(idelalisib)、福馬單抗(fostamatinib)、阿卡替尼(acalabrutinib)、ONO/GS-4059、BGB-3111或CC-292(AVL-292)。
具體實施例34. 如具體實施例30至33中一項之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼。
具體實施例35. 如具體實施例30至34中一項之醫藥組成物,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為抗體或小分子。
具體實施例36. 如具體實施例30至35中一項之醫藥組成物,其中該ROR-1拮抗劑為抗ROR-1抗體。
具體實施例37. 如具體實施例35或36之醫藥組成物,其中該抗體包含人類化重鏈可變區與人類化輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、與SEQ ID NO:3所示之序列;及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5、與SEQ ID NO:6所示之序列。
具體實施例38. 如具體實施例35至37中一項之醫藥組成物,其中該抗體為希組單抗(cirmtuzumab)。
具體實施例39. 如具體實施例35或36之醫藥組成物,其中該抗體包含人類化重鏈可變區與人類化
輕鏈可變區,其中該人類化重鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:8、與SEQ ID NO:9所示之序列;及其中該人類化輕鏈可變區包含如SEQ ID NO:10、SEQ ID NO:11、與SEQ ID NO:12所示之序列。
<110> 加州大學董事會(The Regents of the University of California)
<120> ROR-1與BTK拮抗劑的組合
<130> 48537-582001WO
<140> 106121414
<141> 2017-06-27
<150> US 62/355,171
<151> 2016-06-27
<160> 15
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 2
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 3
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 4
<211> 6
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 5
<211> 3
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 6
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 7
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 8
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 9
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 10
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 11
<211> 3
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 12
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成性多肽
<210> 13
<211> 937
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<210> 14
<211> 21
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<210> 15
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
由於本案的圖為試驗化合物的結果數據,並非本案的代表圖。故本案無指定代表圖。
Claims (14)
- 一種酪胺酸激酶樣孤兒受體1(ROR-1)抗體用於製備於個體中治療癌症之藥物的用途,其中該個體係經布魯頓式酪胺酸激酶(BTK)拮抗劑治療者,該ROR-1抗體包含具有如SEQ ID NO:1(CDR H1)、SEQ ID NO:2(CDR H2)、與SEQ ID NO:3(CDR H3)所示之序列之人類化重鏈可變區,以及如SEQ ID NO:4(CDR L1)、SEQ ID NO:5(CDR L2)、與SEQ ID NO:6(CDR L3)所示之序列之人類化輕鏈可變區。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該BTK拮抗劑為小分子。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼、阿卡替尼、ONO/GS-4059、BGB-3111或CC-292(AVL-292)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該藥物係製備為經靜脈內投藥之劑型。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該個體為哺乳動物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該個體為人類。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該癌症為淋巴瘤、白血病、骨髓瘤、AML、B-ALL、T-ALL、腎細 胞癌、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、乳癌、鱗狀上皮細胞癌、黑色素瘤、胃癌、腦癌、肺癌、胰臟癌、子宮頸癌、卵巢癌、肝癌、膀胱癌、攝護腺癌、睪丸癌、甲狀腺癌、頭頸癌、子宮癌、腺癌、或腎上腺癌。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途,其中該癌症為慢性淋巴球性白血病(CLL)、小淋巴球性淋巴瘤、邊緣細胞B-細胞淋巴瘤、伯奇氏淋巴瘤(Burkitt’s lymphoma)、或B細胞白血病。
- 一種醫藥組成物,其包含BTK拮抗劑、ROR-1抗體與醫藥上可接受之賦形劑,其中該ROR-1抗體包含具有如SEQ ID NO:1(CDR H1)、SEQ ID NO:2(CDR H2)、與SEQ ID NO:3(CDR H3)所示之序列之人類化重鏈可變區,以及如SEQ ID NO:4(CDR L1)、SEQ ID NO:5(CDR L2)、與SEQ ID NO:6(CDR L3)所示之序列之人類化輕鏈可變區。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為小分子。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼、阿卡替尼、ONO/GS-4059、BGB-3111或CC-292(AVL-292)。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之醫藥組成物,其中該BTK拮抗劑為依魯替尼。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之醫藥組成物,其中該ROR-1抗體為希組單抗。
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MX2018016330A (es) | 2020-02-17 |
US11654193B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
EP3474854A2 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
PH12019500025A1 (en) | 2019-10-21 |
IL263802A (en) | 2019-01-31 |
KR20230047507A (ko) | 2023-04-07 |
IL299099A (en) | 2023-02-01 |
JP2022133402A (ja) | 2022-09-13 |
AR108889A1 (es) | 2018-10-03 |
TW201806622A (zh) | 2018-03-01 |
JP2019520426A (ja) | 2019-07-18 |
AU2017289270B2 (en) | 2023-05-04 |
WO2018005519A3 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
CN109996544A (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
IL263802B1 (en) | 2023-01-01 |
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