TWI763439B - Antenna structure and wireless communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure is provided, which includes a substrate, an antenna unit and a metal ground part. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface; the antenna unit disposed on the first surface includes a radiating part, a feeding part and a feeding line, where the feeding line includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line that are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other, and the first transmission line is connected to the radiating part via the feeding part; and the metal ground part disposed on the second surface has an edge which is perpendicular to projection of the radiating part to the metal ground part; and a resonance slot is disposed on the metal ground part, and its position corresponds between projection of the second transmission line to the metal ground part and the edge. In addition, a wireless communication device is also disclosed herein.

Description

Antenna structure and wireless communication device

The present invention relates to an antenna structure and a wireless communication device.

In general, in order to meet the high demands of the 5th generation new radio (5G NR) standard in the sub-7 GHz frequency band, the antenna needs to be further designed to handle the high operating bandwidth and the interference between the antennas. High isolation (isolation), thereby obtaining high data rate (data rate) and high throughput (multi-input multi-output, MIMO) system (multi-input multi-output, MIMO).

In systems prior to the 5G NR standard, the operating frequency band of the antenna was usually relatively small. Such bandwidth requirements can be met by general antenna design. However, such antenna designs often fail to meet high operating bandwidth and high isolation between antennas. Therefore, how to design an antenna that satisfies high operating bandwidth and high isolation between antennas based on the 5G NR standard is a problem that those skilled in the art are eager to solve.

The present invention provides an antenna structure, including a substrate, an antenna unit and a metal ground portion. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface; the antenna unit is disposed on the first surface, and includes a radiating part, a feeding part and a feeding line, wherein the feeding line includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line that are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other, and the first The transmission line is connected to the radiation part through the feeding part; and the metal ground part is arranged on the second surface, wherein the metal ground part has an edge, and the edge is perpendicular to the projection of the radiation part to the metal ground part; and the resonance slot is arranged on the metal ground part, Its position corresponds to the projection of the second transmission line to the metal ground and between the edges.

The present invention provides a wireless communication device, comprising a substrate, at least two antenna units and at least one metal grounding portion. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface; at least two antenna units are disposed on the first surface, and adjacent two of the at least two antenna units are perpendicular to each other, wherein the at least two antenna units include at least two radiating parts, at least two feeding parts, and at least two feed lines, and each of the at least two feed lines includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line that are perpendicular to each other and are connected to each other, wherein the first transmission lines of the at least two feed lines are respectively connected to the at least two radiating parts via the at least two feed parts; and at least one metal grounding portion is arranged on the second surface, wherein at least one isolation slot is arranged on the at least one metal grounding portion, and its position corresponds to the projection of the at least two adjacent ones of the at least two antenna units to the at least one metal grounding portion respectively At least one metal grounding portion has at least two edges, wherein adjacent two of the at least two edges are perpendicular to each other, and the at least two edges are respectively perpendicular to the projection of the at least two radiating portions to the metal grounding portion, and the at least two resonance slots set on at least one metal grounding part, Its position corresponds to the projection of the second transmission line of the at least two feed lines to the metal ground portion and between the corresponding ones of the at least two edges.

Based on the above, the wireless communication device provided by the present invention can greatly increase the operating bandwidth of the antenna through the resonant slot holes of the metal ground plate. In addition, the isolation between the antennas can be further increased by the positional design of the isolation slot holes and the vertical antenna units.

FIG. 1 illustrates a bottom perspective view of a wireless communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of the wireless communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a top view of an antenna unit in a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a bottom view of the wireless communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4 at the same time, the wireless communication device 100 may include a substrate 110 , a pair of antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ), and a metal ground portion 130 .

It should be noted that, although the number of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) in this embodiment is 2 and the number of the metal ground portions 130 is 1, the number of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) It can also be any positive even number greater than 2, and the number of metal ground portions 130 can also be any positive integer greater than 1. In addition, the number of the antenna elements 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) is twice the number of the metal ground portions 130 .

For example, FIG. 5 illustrates a bottom perspective view of the wireless communication device 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, this embodiment shows an example of one substrate 110, eight antenna elements 120(1) to 120(8), and four metal ground portions 130(1) to 130(4).

Furthermore, referring back to FIGS. 1 to 4 at the same time, the substrate 110 may include a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 corresponding to each other, wherein the first surface 111 is shown in FIG. The second surface 112 is shown. The antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) can be disposed on the first surface 111 , and the metal grounding portion 130 can be disposed on the second surface 112 . In addition, FIG. 3 further illustrates the detailed structure of the antenna unit 120(1).

In some embodiments, the substrate 110 may be a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) made of an insulating material, wherein the material of the substrate 110 may be Teflon (PTFE) or epoxy resin (FR4) and other materials commonly used in the manufacture of PCBs. In this way, the antenna units 120( 1 ) to 120( 2 ) can be directly disposed on the substrate 110 by printing.

The antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) may be perpendicular to each other, and the antenna unit 120 ( 1 ) may include a radiating portion 121 , a feeding portion 122 , a ground portion 123 and a feeding line 124 , wherein the feeding line 124 may include mutually perpendicular and mutually The first transmission line 1241 and the second transmission line 1242 are connected, and the first transmission line 1241 can be connected to the radiation part 121 via the feeding part 122 .

In addition, the feeding line 124 may further include a feeding point 1243 , and the antenna unit 120 ( 1 ) can receive the feeding signal from the signal source through the feeding point 1243 .

It is worth noting that the antenna unit 120(2) may also have the same structure as the antenna unit 120(1), and thus will not be repeated here.

With the above arrangement of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2), the polarization direction of the antenna unit 120(1) may be the y direction, and the polarization direction of the antenna unit 120(2) may be the x direction. In this way, the isolation of the antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) can be greatly improved (eg, the isolation is reduced to about -10 dB).

In some embodiments, the antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) can all be inverted-F-shaped planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA). In addition, the antenna units 120( 1 ) to 120( 2 ) may also be other types of antennas (eg, monopole antennas) having the above-mentioned feed line structure, and the antenna units 120( 1 ) to 120( 2 ) It can also be a different type of antenna with the above-mentioned feed line structure (for example, the antenna unit 120(1) is a PIFA antenna, and the antenna unit 120(2) is a monopole antenna), and there is no alignment between the antenna units 120(1)~120. The type of (2) has other restrictions.

In some embodiments, if the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) are all PIFA antennas, the radiation portion 121 of the antenna unit 120(1) may include a first radiation portion 1211, a second radiation portion 1212 and a third radiation portion part 1213, wherein the third radiating part 1213 may be L-shaped.

In addition, the first end of the first radiating part 1211 is connected between the second radiating part 1212 and the third radiating part 1213 , and the second end of the first radiating part 1211 is connected to the feeding part 122 . In addition, the third radiation portion 1213 may be connected to the ground portion 123 , and the ground portion 123 may be connected to the metal ground portion 130 via a via.

In some embodiments, the metal grounding portion 130 may be an inverted L shape, and the metal grounding portion 130 may be made of a metal material such as copper foil.

Furthermore, the isolation slots 131 of the metal grounding portion 130 may be disposed on the metal grounding portion 130, and their positions may correspond to the projections of the antenna elements 120(1) to 120(2) on the metal grounding portion 130, wherein the isolation slots 131 are isolated from each other. The number of the slot holes 131 may be equal to the number of the metal ground portions 130 .

In some embodiments, the isolation slot 131 is rectangular, wherein the distance D1 between the isolation slot 131 and the projection of the antenna units 120( 1 ) to 120( 2 ) to the metal ground portion 130 may be greater than 1 mm. In addition, the width W1 of the isolation slot 131 may be 3.6 mm, and the length L1 of the isolation slot 131 may be a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna elements 120(1)-120(2).

In detail, the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) may be affected by the material of the substrate 110 (ie, different materials may correspond to different wavelengths in free space).

In other words, the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) is mainly related to the effective dielectric constant (Dkeff) of the material of the substrate 110 (that is, approximately the dielectric constant ( The value obtained by adding 1 to the dielectric constant, Dk) and dividing by 2). For example, Teflon has a dielectric constant of 3.0 to 4.5, while FR4 has a dielectric constant of 3.5.

Further, an equivalent value can be obtained by taking the root sign of the above-mentioned equivalent dielectric constant, and the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) is the equivalent value inversely proportional.

With the above-mentioned arrangement of the isolation slots 131, the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) will resonate with the isolation slots 131, so as to block the antenna elements 120(1)-120(2) from generating the resonance. signal, thereby greatly increasing the isolation of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) (for example, the isolation is further reduced to below -20dB).

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating isolation and frequency of two antenna units according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 at the same time, the isolation of the antenna units 120( 1 ) to 120( 2 ) can be significantly reduced to below -20dB by the above-mentioned arrangement of the isolation slot 131 . In other words, the isolation of the antenna units 120 ( 1 ) to 120 ( 2 ) can meet the isolation requirements of the fifth generation new radio (5G new radio, 5G NR) standard (ie, less than -20 dB).

Furthermore, referring back to FIGS. 1 to 4 at the same time, the metal ground portion 130 has edges E1-E2, wherein the edges E1-E2 may be perpendicular to each other, and the edges E1-E2 may be perpendicular to the antenna units 120(1)-120, respectively. The projection of the radiation portion in (2) to the metal ground portion 130 .

In other words, the edge E1 may be perpendicular to the projection of a portion of the radiation portion 121 close to the feeding portion 122 to the metal ground portion 130 . Similarly, edge E2 may also have a similar arrangement.

In some embodiments, the lengths of the edges E1-E2 may be one-half wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna elements 120(1)-120(2).

Furthermore, the resonant slots 132(1)-132(2) may be disposed on the metal ground portion 130, and the positions thereof may correspond to the second transmission line-to-metal of the feed lines in the antenna units 120(1)-120(2). The projection of the ground portion 130 and the corresponding ones of the edges E1 to E2.

In other words, the position of the resonance slot 132(1) may be between the projection of the second transmission line 1242 of the feed line 124 to the metal ground 130 and the edge E1. Similarly, the location of the resonance slot 132(2) can also have a similar arrangement.

In some embodiments, the shape of the resonance slots 132(1)-132(2) may be L-shaped, and the lengths of the resonance slots 132(1)-132(2) (ie, the lengths of the lengths L2 and L3) sum) can be the antenna element 1/4 wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of 120(1)~120(2).

In some embodiments, the width W2 of the resonant slots 132(1)-132(2) may be 1 mm, and the resonant slots 132(1)-132(2) are respectively connected to the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) The distance D2 between the projections of ) to the metal ground portion 130 may be greater than 1 mm.

In other words, the distance D2 between the resonance slot 132(1) and the projection of the feeding portion 122 of the antenna unit 120(1) to the metal ground portion 130 may be greater than 1 mm. Similarly, the resonant slot 132(2) may also have a similar arrangement.

In some embodiments, the radiating portions of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) (eg, the radiating portion 121 of the antenna unit 120(1)) may resonate themselves to generate a first resonant frequency band, and the resonating slot 132 (1) to 132(2) can resonate with the radiating portions of the antenna units 120(1) to 120(2) respectively to generate a second resonance frequency band adjacent to the first resonance frequency band, wherein the antenna unit 120(1) The operating frequency bands of ~120(2) may include the first resonant frequency band and the second resonant frequency band.

With the arrangement of the resonant slots 132(1)-132(2), the operating frequency bands of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) can be greatly increased.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating frequency band (reflection coefficient and frequency) of the reflection loss of two antenna units according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 at the same time, the frequency band n77/n78 of the fifth-generation new radio (5G new radio, 5G NR) standard is generally 3.3 GHz to 4.2 GHz (bandwidth is 900 MHz). By the above resonance slot In the arrangement of 132(1)~132(2), the operating frequency band of the antenna units 120(1)~120(2) is 3.19~4.46GHz (the frequency band with the reflection loss less than -10dB). In other words, the operating frequency bands of the antenna units 120(1)-120(2) can simultaneously satisfy the frequency bands n77/n78 of the 5G NR standard.

In this way, referring back to FIGS. 1 to 4 at the same time, the antenna unit 120 ( 1 ), the resonance slot 132 ( 1 ), a part of the substrate 110 and a part of the metal grounding part 130 (the part of the substrate 110 ) A portion and a portion of the metal ground portion 130 corresponding to the antenna unit 120(1) and the resonant slot 132(1)) may form a resonant structure. Similarly, the antenna unit 120( 2 ), the resonant slot 132( 2 ), the other part of the substrate 110 and the other part of the metal ground 130 (the other part of the substrate 110 and the metal ground 130 Another part corresponding to the antenna unit 120(2) and the resonant slot 132(2)) can also form another resonant structure.

Based on the above, with the above-mentioned wireless communication device 100, the above-mentioned antenna structure can further satisfy the high operating bandwidth of the 5G NR standard and the high isolation of the antenna unit in the sub-7GHz frequency band.

To sum up, the wireless communication device provided by the present invention can greatly increase the isolation of the antenna units by utilizing the isolation slots between adjacent antenna units and the vertical arrangement of the antenna units. In addition, the wireless communication device provided by the present invention can further utilize the resonance slot of the feed line adjacent to the antenna unit, thereby greatly increasing the operating bandwidth of the antenna unit. In this way, the high operating bandwidth of the 5G NR standard and the high isolation of the antenna unit can be met in the sub-7GHz frequency band.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above by the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

100: Wireless communication device 110: Substrate 111: First surface 112: Second Surface 120(1)~120(8): Antenna unit 121: Radiation Department 1211: First Radiation Department 1212: Second Radiation Department 1213: Third Radiation Department 122: Feeding Department 123: Ground 124: Feed line 1241: First Transmission Line 1242: Second Transmission Line 1243: Feed Point 130, 130(1)~130(4): Metal ground part 131: Isolation slotted hole E1~E2: Edge 132(1)~132(2): Resonance slot L1~L3: length W1~W2: Width D1~D2: Distance

FIG. 1 is a bottom perspective view of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of an antenna unit in a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of a wireless communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating isolation and frequency of two antenna units according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating frequency bands of the reflection losses of two antenna units according to an embodiment of the present invention.

100: Wireless communication device

110: Substrate

120(1)~120(2): Antenna unit

130: Metal ground

131: Isolation slotted hole

E1~E2: Edge

132(1)~132(2): Resonance slot

L1~L3: length

W1~W2: Width

D1~D2: Distance

Claims (9)

An antenna structure, comprising: a substrate including a first surface and a second surface; an antenna unit disposed on the first surface and including a radiating part, a feeding part and a feeding line, wherein the feeding line includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line that are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other, and the first transmission line is connected to the radiating part through the feeding part; and a metal grounding part disposed on the second surface, wherein the metal grounding part has a an edge, and the edge is perpendicular to the projection of the radiating portion to the metal ground portion; and a resonance slot is disposed on the metal ground portion, the position of which corresponds to the projection of the second transmission line to the metal ground portion and the edge of the edge wherein the shape of the resonance slot is L-shaped, and the length of the resonance slot is a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna unit. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the width of the resonance slot is 1 mm, and the distance between the resonance slot and the projection of the antenna unit to the metal ground portion is greater than 1 mm. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the length of the edge is one-half wavelength of the center frequency of an operating frequency band of the antenna unit. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the radiating portion It is an inverted F shape, and the feed line is an L shape, wherein the radiating portion resonates itself to generate a first resonance frequency band, and the resonance slot resonates with the radiating portion to generate a first resonance frequency band adjacent to the first resonance frequency band. Two resonant frequency bands, wherein an operating frequency band of the antenna unit includes the first resonant frequency band and the second resonant frequency band. A wireless communication device, comprising: a substrate including a first surface and a second surface; at least two antenna units disposed on the first surface, and adjacent two of the at least two antenna units are perpendicular to each other, wherein the At least two antenna units include at least two radiating parts, at least two feeding parts, and at least two feeding lines, and each of the at least two feeding lines includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line that are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other, wherein the at least two feeding lines The first transmission line of the two feed-in lines is respectively connected to the at least two radiation parts through the at least two feed-in parts; and at least one metal grounding part is disposed on the second surface, wherein at least one isolation slot is disposed in the at least one metal grounding part , the positions of the at least two adjacent ones of the at least two antenna units respectively correspond to the projections of the at least one metal grounding portion, and the at least one metal grounding portion has at least two edges, wherein the adjacent ones of the at least two edges are The two are perpendicular to each other, and the at least two edges are respectively perpendicular to the projection of the at least two radiating parts to the metal grounding part, and at least two resonant slot holes are arranged on the at least one metal grounding part, and their positions are It is placed between the projection of the second transmission line corresponding to the at least two feed lines to the metal ground portion and the corresponding one of the at least two edges. The wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the at least one isolation slot is rectangular, and the shape of the at least two resonance slots is L-shape, wherein the length of the at least one isolation slot and the at least two resonance slots are The length of the at least two antenna elements is one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency of an operating frequency band, and the length of the at least two edges is one-half wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the at least two antenna elements. . The wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the width of the at least one isolation slot is 3.6 mm, and the width of the at least two resonance slots is 1 mm, wherein the at least one isolation slot is connected to the at least two antenna units. The distance between the projections of the adjacent two of the metal ground parts is greater than 1mm. The wireless communication device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the at least two radiating parts resonate themselves to generate a first resonance frequency band, and the at least two resonant slots resonate with the at least two radiating parts respectively to generate the first resonance frequency band An adjacent second resonant frequency band, wherein an operating frequency band of the at least two antenna units includes the first resonant frequency band and the second resonant frequency band. The wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the at least two radiating portions are inverted F-shapes, and the at least two feeding lines are L-shaped, wherein the at least two radiating portions are L-shaped The at least one isolation slot blocks the signal transmission between the at least two antenna units to increase an isolation degree of the at least two antenna units.

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