TWI747423B - Near open-circuit point power generation abnormality detection method and system for photovoltaic modules or module strings - Google Patents

Abstract

A near open-circuit point power generation abnormality detection method includes: operating a power converter to controllably operate a PV module or a PV module string at a plurality of predetermined near open-circuit voltage points; measuring a plurality of currents according to the a plurality of predetermined near open-circuit voltage points to thereby obtain a plurality of measured near open-circuit currents; comparing the plurality of predetermined near open-circuit voltage points and the plurality of measured near open-circuit currents with a first near open-circuit-point power generation abnormality detection model; or, operating the power converter to controllably operate the PV module or PV module string at a plurality of predetermined near open-circuit current points; measuring a plurality of voltages according to the plurality of predetermined near open-circuit current points to thereby obtain a plurality of measured near open-circuit voltages; comparing the plurality of predetermined near open-circuit current points and the plurality of measured near open-circuit voltages with a second near open-circuit-point power generation abnormality detection model.

Description

Method and system for testing abnormal power generation near open point of solar module or module series

The present invention relates to a near open-circuit point (near open-circuit point) power generation abnormality test method and system for solar modules or a series of modules, so as to provide near open-circuit point power generation abnormality test (or diode abnormality), simplified Power generation abnormality test procedure and improvement of the power generation abnormality test efficiency; especially for a near-open point power generation abnormality test method suitable for near-end (near-end) or remote (remote) control operation of solar modules or module series And its system; more particularly, it relates to an abnormal test method and system for near-open-circuit point generation of solar modules or module series that can be performed by a power converter or an inverter (inverter) .

Conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection method and its system or related technologies, such as the invention patent of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I595744 "Solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system", which discloses a solar panel power generation abnormality test The method and its operating system mainly include a first solar panel power generation abnormality test method and a second solar panel power generation abnormality test method.

Figure 1 shows the schematic flow diagram of the conventional solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I595744. Please refer to Figure 1. The aforementioned first solar panel power generation abnormality test method No. TW-I595744 includes: using a power converter to directly control a solar energy The battery module is operated at a plurality of predetermined voltage points, and the plurality of predetermined voltage points are used for measurement to obtain a plurality of measured currents; the plurality of predetermined voltage points and the plurality of measured currents are used to calculate a plurality of first power data; And use the plurality of first power data to compare with a first power generation characteristic curve to test whether the solar cell module generates abnormally.

Figure 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality test method of ROC Patent Publication No. TW-I595744, which corresponds to the solar panel power generation abnormality test method in Figure 1. Please refer to Figure 2, the second solar panel power generation abnormality test method of No. TW-I595744 mentioned above includes: using the power converter to directly control the solar cell module to operate at a number of predetermined current points, and using the number A plurality of predetermined current points are measured to obtain a plurality of measured voltages; the plurality of predetermined current points and the plurality of measured voltages are used to calculate a plurality of second power data; and the plurality of second power data and a second power generation characteristic curve are used Perform comparison to test whether the solar cell module generates power abnormally.

However, the first and second solar panel power generation abnormality test methods mentioned above in No. TW-I595744 both need to calculate the first power and the second power, and need to calculate a larger number of the first power data Or several pieces of the second power data, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In addition, the aforementioned first and second solar panel power generation abnormality test methods of No. TW-I595744 are not aimed at the near-open point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or the abnormal curve test, so it still provides solar module string The near-open point power generation characteristic or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies, such as the invention patent of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN-1808164 "Power regulator with built-in curve tracer and its curve evaluation method for tracer" The application discloses a power regulator with a built-in curve tracer.

Figure 3 discloses the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN-1808164 A block diagram of a conventional solar power generation system combined with a power regulator with a built-in curve tracer. Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of the conventional curve tracer in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN-1808164, which corresponds to the curve tracer in Fig. 3.

Please refer to Figures 3 and 4, the power conditioner of the aforementioned No. CN-1808164 has a curve drawing device, and the curve drawing device measures the direct current voltage (VX) of a solar cell or an external DC power supply of a fuel cell And a corresponding direct current (IX), and calculate the direct current power (PX) according to the curve of the direct current (IX) and direct current voltage (VX) or the measured direct current (IX) and direct current voltage (VX) ) In order to draw a DC power (PX)-DC voltage (VX) curve.

However, the aforementioned curve drawing device of No. CN-1808164 must detect the direct current voltage (VX) of the solar cell or fuel cell and its corresponding direct current (IX) separately, and according to the direct current voltage (VX) and its phase The corresponding DC current (IX) is calculated for the DC power (PX), so it has the disadvantages of complicated detection procedures and increased amount of calculated power data.

In addition, the curve drawing device of the aforementioned No. CN-1808164 detects that the solar cell is not aimed at the near-open point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or its curve abnormality test, so it still provides the near-open point of the solar module string Power generation characteristics or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Another conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection method and its system or related technologies, such as the invention patent of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I630790 "Solar Power Generation System and Solar Module Power Generation Abnormality Detection Method", which discloses solar power generation A system and a method for detecting abnormality of solar module power generation. The detection method includes the steps: A. An inverter is electrically connected to a solar module string, and an audio signal is input to a power of the solar module string Loop; B, a coupled receiver is used to sense and receive the audio signal transmitted in the power loop, and the coupled receiver along the power Loop displacement; and C. Use the coupled receiver to output a prompt message corresponding to the sensing result of the audio signal, and the human body can perceive the prompt message.

In addition, according to the design of the aforementioned solar module power generation abnormality detection method of No. TW-I630790, it can be immediately judged whether the coupling receiver has passed the open circuit fault of the power circuit according to the content of the prompt message output by the coupling receiver It can quickly detect and find out the position of the open circuit fault point of the solar module string.

However, the aforementioned solar module power generation abnormality detection method No. TW-I630790 is only applicable to generally determine whether the coupled receiver passes the open fault point of the power circuit, and detect and find the open fault point of the solar module string Location, but it cannot provide a method and system for testing abnormality of the power generation characteristic curve of solar modules.

In addition, the aforementioned solar module power generation abnormality detection method No. TW-I630790 is not aimed at the near-open-circuit point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or the abnormal curve test, so it still provides the near-open point of the solar module string Power generation characteristics or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Another conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection method and its system or related technologies, such as the invention patent of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I499887 "Solar Power Generation System and Its Anomaly Detection Method", which discloses a solar power generation system and its abnormality Detection method. The solar power generation system includes a maximum power tracking controller and an array of solar power generation units. The abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system includes: a standard duty cycle value establishment phase and a power supply phase.

Continuing with the above, the abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system of No. TW-I499887 is in the establishment stage of the standard duty cycle value. First, the solar power generation unit is checked to ensure whether the solar power generation unit is normally generating electricity. Then, the maximum power tracking controller is used to output a control signal to the solar power unit, so that the solar power system outputs a Maximum power, and calculate the scope of one of the standard responsibility periods of the solar power unit.

In addition, the abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system described in the aforementioned No. TW-I499887 is also in the power supply phase, irregularly judging whether the responsibility period value of the solar power unit is within the corresponding standard responsibility period range, In order to determine whether the solar power generation unit has abnormal power generation.

However, the abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system mentioned above in No. TW-I499887 is only applicable to the grid that has been integrated into the power grid. Generally, it is judged in the power supply stage whether the solar power generation unit’s duty cycle value is within its corresponding standard responsibility. Within the period range, but it cannot provide a test method and system for the abnormality of the power generation characteristic curve of the solar power generation unit.

In addition, the aforementioned abnormality detection method of the solar power generation system of No. TW-I499887 is not aimed at the near-open-circuit point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or its curve abnormality test, so it still provides the near-open point of the solar module string Power generation characteristics or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as: US Patent Publication No. US-20160019323 "Solar Power Generation System, Abnormality Determination Processing Device, Abnormality Determination Processing Method, "and Program" patent application, which discloses a solar panel power generation abnormality detection system. A solar power generation system includes a solar power generation module (solar power generation module), a power measurement unit (power measurement unit), an inverter (inverter), a solar illuminance meter (abnormality determination unit), and a power generation abnormality detection unit. Power measurement unit [power measurement unit].

However, the aforementioned solar energy of US-20160019323 The panel power generation abnormality detection system must adopt the solar illuminance meter and the generation abnormality detection unit, and the generation abnormality detection unit is connected to the power measurement unit in order to read the power data of the power measurement unit. Therefore, the solar panel power generation anomaly detection system and method have the disadvantage of complicated system structure and complex detection operations.

In fact, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality detection system of US-20160019323 is only applicable to the operation of the solar illuminance meter, power generation abnormality detection unit and power measurement unit that have been integrated into the power grid, but it cannot provide specific solar panels. Abnormal test method and system for power generation characteristic curve.

In addition, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality detection system of US-20160019323 is not aimed at the near-open-circuit point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or its curve abnormality test, so it still provides the near-open point of the solar module string Power generation characteristics or curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as: US Patent Publication No. US-20130300449 "Solar Power Generation System, Abnormality Detection Method, and Abnormality Detection System" Patent application, which discloses another solar panel power generation abnormality detection system. The solar panel power generation abnormality detection system is connected to a solar battery [solar battery], and the solar battery includes a current detection unit [current detection unit] and a voltage detection unit [voltage detection unit]. The solar panel power generation abnormality detection system includes a characteristic calculation unit (characteristic calculation unit), an abnormality detection unit and an environment measurement unit.

However, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality detection system of US-20130300449 must adopt the current detection unit, voltage detection unit, characteristic calculation unit, abnormality detection unit and environmental measurement unit, and The current detection unit and the voltage detection unit are connected to the solar cell so as to read the current and voltage data of the solar cell. Therefore, the solar panel power generation anomaly detection system and method have the disadvantage of complicated system structure and complex detection operations.

In fact, the aforementioned anomaly detection method of the solar power generation system of US-20130300449 is only applicable to the current detection unit, voltage detection unit, characteristic calculation unit, anomaly detection unit, and environmental measurement that have been integrated into the power grid. Unit, but it cannot provide a test method and system for abnormality of the power generation characteristic curve of the solar power generation system.

In addition, the aforementioned abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system of US-20130300449 is not aimed at the near-open-circuit point power generation characteristics of the solar module string or the abnormal test of its curve, so it still provides the near-open point of the solar module string Power generation characteristics or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements.

Obviously, the conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection method and system must further simplify the structure and method of its power generation anomaly detection system, reduce data processing steps, reduce the amount of data transmission, or reduce the amount of data processing (for example: avoiding calculations) need. Similarly, the conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and system must have further requirements for how to perform near-open point power generation abnormality test methods and systems. The aforementioned patents and patent applications are only a reference for the technical background of the present invention and illustrate the current state of technology development, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In view of this, in order to meet the above-mentioned technical problems and needs, the present invention provides a method and system for testing solar modules or module series for abnormal power generation near the open point, which utilizes a power converter or a converter to directly control A solar cell module or a solar cell module in series is operated at a plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points; the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points are used to measure current to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point currents ; Utilize the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open-circuit point currents and a The first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is compared to test whether the solar cell module generates abnormal power; or, the power converter or converter is used to directly control the solar cell module or the series of solar cell modules Operate at several predetermined near-open-circuit point current points; use the several predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure voltage to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages; use the several predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and numbers A measured near-open-circuit point voltage is compared with a second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic anomaly test model to test whether the solar cell module or solar cell module string generates abnormally at a near-open point The solar panel power generation abnormality detection system and method can indeed achieve the power generation abnormality test near the open point and reduce the power generation abnormality test cost, and it can improve the power generation abnormality test efficiency.

The main purpose of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test method and system, which utilizes a power converter or a converter to directly control a solar cell module Or a solar cell module is connected in series and operated at a plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points; the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points are used to measure current to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point currents; The predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage point and several measured near-open-circuit point currents are compared with a first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or solar cell module string is in a near-open circuit Point power generation abnormality, in order to achieve the purpose and effect of power generation abnormality test near the open point, increase the efficiency of power generation abnormality test, and reduce the cost of power generation abnormality test.

Another object of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method and system for testing solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality, which utilizes a power converter or a converter to directly control the solar cell module A group or a solar cell module is connected in series to operate at a number of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points; use the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure voltage to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages; use the number Scheduled close The waypoint current point and several measured near-open-circuit point voltages are compared with a second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or solar cell module string generates electricity at a near-open-circuit point Abnormal, in order to achieve the purpose and effect of abnormal power generation test near the open point, improve the efficiency of abnormal power generation test, and reduce the cost of abnormal power generation test.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules of the present invention includes:

Utilize a power converter or a converter to directly control a solar cell module or a series of solar cell modules to operate at a number of predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points;

Use the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points to measure current to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents; and

Use the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open point currents to compare with a first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module series Abnormal power generation at a near open circuit point.

The first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point current variation parameter.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several diode abnormal states or several near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope abnormal states.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal diode states of the first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model include a diode short-circuit state or a diode failure state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is selected from the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of a single solar module string or the near-open point power generation characteristic of a total solar module string Abnormal test model.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell module series are connected in parallel with at least one or several solar cell module series.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules of the present invention includes:

Utilize the electric energy converter or converter to directly control the solar cell module or the solar cell module string to operate at a plurality of predetermined current points near the open circuit point;

Use the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure voltage to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages; and

Use the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and several measured near-open-circuit point voltages to compare with a second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module series Abnormal power generation at a near open circuit point.

The second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point current variation parameter.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several diode abnormal states or several near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope abnormal states.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal states of the diodes in the second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model include a diode short-circuit state or a diode fault state.

The second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected from the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of a single solar module string or the near-open point power generation characteristic of a total solar module string Abnormal test model.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell module series are connected in parallel with at least one or several solar cell module series.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the sun of the preferred embodiment of the present invention The power generation abnormality test system near the open point of the module or module series includes:

At least one solar cell module or at least one solar cell module string;

At least one electric energy converter or one converter, which is connected to the solar cell module or the solar cell module string; and

A test unit, which is selectively configured to be connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be directly connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be selectively configured to be connected to a near-end device or a A remote device, and the near-end device or the remote device is connected to communicate with the power converter or converter;

In the voltage control mode, the power converter or converter is operated through the test system to directly control the solar cell module or the solar cell module string, and it operates at a number of predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points, and uses The plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points are used to measure current to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents, and the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and the plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents and a first near-open point current are used. The open circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is compared to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module string generates abnormal power at a near open circuit point.

The first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point current variation parameter.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several diode abnormal states or several near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope abnormal states.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal diode states of the first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model include a diode short-circuit state or a diode failure state.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is selected from the near-open point power generation of a single solar module series. Abnormal electrical characteristics test model or test model for abnormal power generation characteristics near the open point of a total solar module string.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell module series are connected in parallel with at least one or several solar cell module series.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

At least one solar cell module or at least one solar cell module string;

At least one electric energy converter or one converter, which is connected to the solar cell module or the solar cell module string; and

A test unit, which is selectively configured to be connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be directly connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be selectively configured to be connected to a near-end device or a A remote device, and the near-end device or the remote device is connected to communicate with the power converter or converter;

In the current control mode, the power converter or converter is operated through the test system to directly control the solar cell module or solar cell module string, and it operates at a number of predetermined near-open point current points, and uses The plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points are measured for voltage to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point voltages, and the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and the plurality of measured near-open-circuit point voltages and a second near-open-circuit point voltage are used. The open circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is compared to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module string generates abnormal power at a near open circuit point.

The second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point current variation parameter.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several diode abnormal states or several near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope abnormal states.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal states of the diodes in the second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model include a diode short-circuit state or a diode fault state.

The second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected from the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model of a single solar module string or the near-open point power generation characteristic of a total solar module string Abnormal test model.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell module series are connected in parallel with at least one or several solar cell module series.

1: Solar cell module

10: Solar cell unit

11: Bypass diode

2: Electric energy converter

2a: test unit

20: converter

21: DC-DC step-up power converter

22: Transmission module

3: Test model for abnormal power generation characteristics near open point

4: Test system

40: Operation panel

5: Cloud server

50: remote test system

A: Near open point

a: Abnormal state of the slope of the first near-open point power generation characteristic

b: Abnormal state of the slope of the power generation characteristic at the second near-open point

Figure 1: The schematic flow diagram of the conventional solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the Republic of China Patent Announcement No. TW-I595744.

Figure 2: The schematic flow diagram of another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I595744.

Figure 3: The block diagram of the conventional solar power generation system of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN-1808164 combined with a power regulator with a built-in curve tracer.

Figure 4: The block diagram of the conventional curve tracer of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN-1808164.

Fig. 5: A schematic diagram of a solar module or a series of solar modules in the near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6: A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7: A schematic diagram of various abnormal state of near-open point power generation characteristics of the near-open point power generation abnormality test system of the solar module or module series of the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model.

Figure 8: A schematic flow diagram of a method for testing abnormal power generation near an open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9: A schematic flow diagram of a method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10: A schematic flow diagram of a method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11: A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module or a module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12: A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module or a module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, preferred embodiments are exemplified below and described in detail with the accompanying drawings, and they are not intended to limit the present invention.

The test method and system for abnormal power generation (abnormal power generation characteristics) near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are applicable to various types of solar cell modules, including substrate solar cells or thin-film solar cells. Battery, and it is also suitable for various solar cell module materials, including monocrystalline silicon (monocrystalline silicon) solar cells, polycrystalline silicon (polycrystalline silicon) solar cells, or amorphous silicon (amorphous silicon) solar cells, but it is not intended to limit The scope of the invention.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a solar module or a series of solar modules in the near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 5, a solar cell module 1 includes a plurality of solar cell units 10 and a plurality of bypass diodes 11.

Please refer to Figure 5 again. For example, when the ambient temperature is fixed and there is no shade, and when the solar cell module 1 can generate electricity normally, the solar cell module 1 can produce different solar illuminances according to different solar illuminances. The output voltage-current curve [I-V curve], so its output can produce different voltage-power curves [P-V curve]. Similarly, under the condition of fixed solar illuminance and no shade, and when the solar cell module 1 can generate electricity normally, the solar cell module 1 can also generate different output voltage-current curves according to different ambient temperatures. Also output can generate different voltage-power curves.

Please refer to Figure 5 again, the solar cell module 1 is electrically connected to a power converter (for example: full-bridge power converter) 2, and a test unit 2a [or test system] is selectively connected to The power converter 2 is shown at the bottom left of Figure 5, and the power converter 2 is a PV inverter to convert and output the power generated by the solar cell module 1. For example, when the electrical energy converter 2 is operating, the maximum power tracking (MPPT) operation is usually performed appropriately according to the change of solar illuminance. In this way, the output voltage or output current of the solar cell module 1 is selectively controlled under different solar illuminances to achieve control at its maximum power operating point.

Please refer to Figure 5 again, another preferred embodiment of the present invention selects and configures the test unit 2a (or test system) to connect to a near-end device (or other test system), a mobile communication device (mobile communication device). ], a portable device (portable device) or other devices with similar functions, and the near-end device, mobile communication device or portable device is connected to the power converter 2 or converter.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figures 5 and 6, the first preferred embodiment of the present invention for the solar module or module series near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system further includes a near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model 3 [6th On the right side of the figure] and a test system 4 [upper side of figure 6] to check whether the solar cell module 1 generates electricity at a near open circuit point A (or its adjacent area point) Abnormal, as shown in the bottom right of the 7th figure.

Please refer to Figures 5 and 6, for example, the test system 4 is electrically connected to several converters 20 (such as the power converter 2 in Fig. 5) so as to pass through the several converters 20. Perform a control test for the power generation of several solar cell modules 1. At this time, the converter 20 or the electric energy converter 2 stops performing the maximum power tracking operation for a predetermined time in advance. The solar battery module 1 is a single solar battery module, a string of solar battery modules, or a number of strings of solar battery modules, and the power converter 2 is a converter connected to a series of modules or a similar converter Functional equipment.

Please refer to Figures 5 and 6, for example, the near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormal test model 3 is selected from a single solar module string, a near-open point power generation characteristic abnormal test model, and a total solar module string The test models for abnormal power generation characteristics near the open circuit point or other test models for abnormal power generation characteristics near the open circuit point are listed.

Please refer to FIGS. 5 and 6 again, a plurality of the solar cell modules 1 are connected to a mains power system through a plurality of the converters 20, as shown on the right side of FIG. 6. When a plurality of the solar cell modules 1 are controlled and tested through a plurality of the converters 20, the tested power generation of the plurality of the solar cell modules 1 is still recycled and output to the utility power system to increase its power generation utilization rate. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the test system 4 of the solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system is selected and integrated and installed on the converter 20, that is, the converter 20 has A power generation abnormality test function and other functions (for example: maximum power tracking function) to provide multiple operation functions.

Please refer to Figures 5 and 6, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system. The test system 4 is selected and separately arranged in the converter 20. , And a single test system 4 is separately arranged in a test device (for example, a near-end device), and the test device includes an operation panel 40 for field personnel to operate and set the test system 4. Solar energy of another preferred embodiment of the present invention The test system 4 of the near-open point power generation abnormal test system of a module or a module series is connected to a single or a plurality of the converters 20, and the test system 4 can be operated and set by the operation panel 40.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the abnormal state of the near-open-point power generation characteristic of the near-open-point power-generation abnormality test model of the solar module or module series of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Fig. 7, for example, the near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for solar modules or a series of modules adopts various near-open-circuit points of the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model 3 Abnormal state of power generation characteristics at one point (e.g. abnormal state of varying degrees) includes: a first near-open point power generation characteristic slope abnormal state a (shallow slope, as shown by the dashed line at the bottom right of Figure 7); a second near-open point power generation Characteristic slope abnormal state b (deep slope, as shown by the other dashed line at the bottom right of Figure 7) or other abnormal state models, such as: various power generation characteristic curves near the open point bend.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, and 7, for example, the near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model 3 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes several diodes (bypass diodes) abnormal state or A plurality of near-open point power generation characteristic slope abnormal states, and the plurality of abnormal states of the diodes include a diode short-circuit state or a diode fault state.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for testing abnormal power generation near an open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, the method for testing solar modules or module tandem power generation abnormalities near the open circuit point of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S1A: For example, first, you can choose to Automatic [automatically], semi-automatically [semi-automatically] or manual [manually] mode uses the electric energy converter 2 or the converter 20 to directly control the solar cell module 1 and operate at several predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points so that the The solar cell module 1 generates electricity at a near open circuit point A.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 again, the present invention is better The method for testing solar modules or module series for abnormal power generation near an open circuit point of the embodiment includes step S2A: for example, then, using appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) to utilize the predetermined near open circuits Point the voltage point to measure the current, so as to correspondingly obtain several measured near-open point currents.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, the method for testing solar modules or module series for abnormal power generation near the open circuit point of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S3A: for example, then, as appropriate Technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) use the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open-circuit point currents to compare with a first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test the Whether the solar cell module 1 generates abnormal power generation at the near-open-circuit point A (for example: abnormal near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope), and there is no need to calculate the number of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open-circuit point currents Several near-open point powers.

Figure 9 shows a schematic flow diagram of a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which corresponds to the solar module or module series close to the solar module or module series in Figure 8. Test method for abnormal power generation at open point. Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 9, the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S1B: For example, first, Appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) use the power converter 2 or converter 20 to directly control the solar cell module 1 and operate at a number of predetermined current points near the open circuit point, so that the solar cell module 1 Generate electricity at the near-open point A.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 9, the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S2B: for example, then Appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) use the several predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure the voltage, so as to obtain several measured near-open-circuit correspondingly Point voltage.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 9, another preferred embodiment of the present invention for a solar module or module series of near-open point power generation abnormality test method includes step S3B: for example, then, Use appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) to compare the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and several measured near-open-circuit point voltages with a second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to Test whether the solar cell module 1 generates abnormal power generation at the near-open-circuit point A (for example: abnormal near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic slope), and there is no need to calculate the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and several measured near-open-circuit points Several near-open circuit point powers of the voltage.

Figure 10 shows a schematic flow diagram of a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which corresponds to the solar module or module series in Figures 8 and 9 The test method for abnormal power generation near the open point. Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10 again. The method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S1C: For example, first, Use appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) to directly control the solar cell module 1 by using the electric energy converter 2 or the converter 20 to operate at several predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points, and reuse the electric energy The converter 2 or the converter 20 also directly controls the solar cell module 1 to operate at a plurality of predetermined near-open circuit point current points, so that the solar cell module 1 generates electricity at the near-open circuit point A.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10 again. For example, compared with the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, another preferred embodiment of the present invention can choose to directly control the solar cell module 1 and operate on the data. A combined test method of a predetermined near-open-circuit point current point; and then directly control the solar cell module 1 to operate at several predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10 again, the solar module or module series of another preferred embodiment of the present invention generates power at the near open circuit point. The common test method includes step S2C: For example, then, use appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) to measure the current using the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points to obtain several measured near-open-circuit points Point current, and then use the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure the voltage to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages, and the order of the two operations can be reversed before and after the operation is performed.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10 again. For example, compared with the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, another preferred embodiment of the present invention can choose to directly control the solar cell module 1 and operate on the data. Several predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and measurement to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages; then directly control the solar cell module 1 to operate at several predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and measurement to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltage points Combination test method of point current.

Please refer to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10 again. The method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S3C: for example, then, Use appropriate technical means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) to use the combination of several predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open-circuit point currents, and the several predetermined near-open point current points and several measurements The combination of near-open-circuit point voltage is compared with a third near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module generates abnormal power generation at the near-open-circuit point A (for example: abnormal slope of near-open-circuit point power generation characteristics) ], and there is no need to calculate the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and the several measured near-open-circuit point currents or the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and the several near-open-circuit point powers of the several measured near-open point voltages .

FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module or a module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 11, the test system 4 (for example: a near-end test system or other test systems) of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is electrically connected to the converter 20, and the solar cell module 1 And converter 20 A DC-DC boost type electric energy converter 21 is provided.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar module or a module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figures 7 and 12, the third preferred embodiment of the present invention is a solar module or module series near-open point power generation abnormality test system using a cloud server 5 or a remote monitoring system including a remote End test system 50, and the converter 20 is further connected to a transmission module 22 or a wireless transmission module, so that the remote test system 50 connects and operates the converter 20 in a wired or wireless manner to execute several of the The solar cell module 1 performs a test operation for abnormal power generation at the near open circuit point A.

The foregoing preferred embodiments only illustrate the present invention and its technical features. The technology of this embodiment can still be implemented with various substantially equivalent modifications and/or alternatives; therefore, the scope of rights of the present invention shall be subject to a patent application. The scope defined by the scope shall prevail. The copyright in this case is restricted to the use of patent applications in the Republic of China.

1: Solar cell module

10: Solar cell unit

11: Bypass diode

2: Electric energy converter

2a: test unit

3: Test model for abnormal power generation characteristics near open point

Claims (24)

A test method for abnormal power generation near an open point of solar modules or a series of modules, which includes: Utilizing a power converter or a converter to directly control a solar cell module or a solar cell module string to operate at a number of predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points; Use the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points to measure current to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents; and Use the predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and several measured near-open point currents to compare with a first near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module series Abnormal power generation at a near open circuit point. According to the test method for abnormal near-open-circuit point power generation of solar modules or module series described in the first item of the scope of patent application, the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes a near-open point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter. Open circuit point current variation parameter. According to the solar module or module tandem power generation abnormality test method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the first near-open circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several abnormal states of diodes or several The slope of the power generation characteristic near the open point is abnormal. According to the method for testing solar module or module series near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, the abnormal state of the plurality of diodes of the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormal test model includes one or two Polar body short-circuit state or a diode fault state. According to the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to the first item of the scope of patent application, the first test model for abnormal power generation characteristics near the open point is selected from the near-open point of a single solar module series. An abnormal test model for power generation characteristics at an open point or an abnormal test model for power generation characteristics near an open point of a total solar module series. According to the solar module or module series described in item 1 of the scope of patent application The method for testing abnormal power generation near an open circuit point, wherein the solar cell module series are connected in parallel with at least one or several solar cell module series. A method for testing solar module or module series near open circuit point power generation abnormality, which includes: using an electric energy converter or a converter to directly control the solar cell module or a solar cell module series to operate in digital Predetermined near-open-circuit point current points; use the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points to measure voltage to obtain several measured near-open-circuit point voltages; and use the predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and several measurements The near-open-circuit point voltage is compared with a second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module string generates abnormally at a near-open-circuit point. According to the method for testing abnormal power generation near open point of solar modules or module series according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, the second test model for abnormal power generation characteristics of near open point includes a near open point voltage variation parameter and a near open point voltage variation parameter. Open circuit point current variation parameter. According to the method for testing abnormality of power generation near the open point of solar modules or module series according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, the second test model for abnormal power generation characteristics of near open point includes several abnormal states of diodes or several The slope of the power generation characteristic near the open point is abnormal. According to the method for testing abnormality of near-open-circuit point power generation of solar modules or module series according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, the abnormal state of the plurality of diodes of the second near-open point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes one or two Polar body short-circuit state or a diode fault state. According to the method for testing abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, the second abnormal test model for power generation characteristics near the open point is selected from a single solar module series. An abnormal test model for power generation characteristics at an open point or an abnormal test model for power generation characteristics near an open point of a total solar module series. According to the test method for abnormal power generation near the open point of a solar module or a series of modules as described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the series of solar battery modules are connected in parallel with at least one or more series of solar battery modules. A solar module or a series of solar modules or a series of modules near the open circuit point power generation abnormal test system, which includes: At least one solar cell module or at least one solar cell module string; At least one electric energy converter or one converter, which is connected to the solar cell module or the solar cell module string; and A test unit, which is selectively configured to be connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be directly connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be selectively configured to be connected to a near-end device or a A remote device, and the near-end device or the remote device is connected to communicate with the power converter or converter; In the voltage control mode, the power converter or converter is operated through the test system to directly control the solar cell module or the solar cell module string, and it operates at a number of predetermined near-open circuit point voltage points, and uses The plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points are used to measure current to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents, and the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point voltage points and the plurality of measured near-open-circuit point currents and a first near-open point current are used. The open circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is compared to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module string generates abnormal power at a near open circuit point. According to item 13 of the scope of patent application, the near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system of solar modules or module series, wherein the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter. Open circuit point current variation parameter. According to item 13 of the scope of patent application, the solar module or module series of near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system, wherein the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several diode abnormal states or several The slope of the power generation characteristic near the open point is abnormal. According to the solar module or module series described in item 15 of the scope of patent application In the near-open-point power generation abnormality test system, wherein the plurality of diode abnormal states of the first near-open-circuit point abnormality test model for power generation characteristics include a diode short-circuit state or a diode fault state. According to item 13 of the scope of patent application, the near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system of solar modules or module series, wherein the first near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is selected from a single solar module series An abnormal test model for power generation characteristics at an open point or an abnormal test model for power generation characteristics near an open point of a total solar module series. According to item 13 of the scope of patent application, a near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system for a solar module or a series of modules, wherein the series of solar battery modules are connected in parallel with at least one or more series of solar battery modules. A solar module or a series of solar modules or a series of modules near the open circuit point power generation abnormal test system, which includes: At least one solar cell module or at least one solar cell module string; At least one electric energy converter or one converter, which is connected to the solar cell module or the solar cell module string; and A test unit, which is selectively configured to be connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be directly connected to the power converter or converter, or the test unit is to be selectively configured to be connected to a near-end device or a A remote device, and the near-end device or the remote device is connected to communicate with the power converter or converter; In the current control mode, the power converter or converter is operated through the test system to directly control the solar cell module or solar cell module string, and it operates at a number of predetermined near-open point current points, and uses The plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points are measured for voltage to obtain a plurality of measured near-open-circuit point voltages, and the plurality of predetermined near-open-circuit point current points and the plurality of measured near-open-circuit point voltages and a second near-open-circuit point voltage are used. The open circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is compared to test whether the solar cell module or the solar cell module string generates abnormal power at a near open circuit point. According to the solar module or module series described in item 19 of the scope of patent application In the near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system, the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes a near-open-circuit point voltage variation parameter and a near-open-circuit point current variation parameter. According to item 19 of the scope of patent application, the solar module or module series near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system, wherein the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes several abnormal states of diodes or several The slope of the power generation characteristic near the open point is abnormal. According to item 21 of the scope of patent application, a solar module or module series near-open-point power generation abnormality test system, wherein the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model includes a plurality of diode abnormal states including one or two Polar body short-circuit state or a diode fault state. According to item 19 of the scope of patent application, the near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system for solar modules or module series, wherein the second near-open-circuit point power generation characteristic abnormality test model is selected from a single solar module series An abnormal test model for power generation characteristics at an open point or an abnormal test model for power generation characteristics near an open point of a total solar module series. According to item 19 of the scope of patent application, a near-open-circuit point power generation abnormality test system for a solar module or a series of modules, wherein the series of solar battery modules are connected in parallel with at least one or more series of solar battery modules.

Images