TWI645237B - 含有光閥板的液晶顯示器 - Google Patents
含有光閥板的液晶顯示器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明揭示涉及一種含有光閥板的液晶顯示器。本發明所揭示提供一種液晶顯示器包含一背光單元、一光閥板位於背光單元的前面並包含多個第一單元像素區,以及一視訊顯示面板位於光閥板的前面並包含多個第二單元像素區。
Description
本發明涉及一種包含光閥板的液晶顯示器(LCD)。特別是本發明揭示涉及具有光閥板的第一液晶顯示器,以及具有黑白對比增強的視訊顯示的第二液晶顯示器的一第二液晶顯示器。
由於液晶顯示器具有重量輕、厚度薄、功耗低等特點,因而被廣泛地用於各種應用。液晶顯示器例如用於攜帶型電腦、辦公自動化裝置、音頻/視訊裝置、商用顯示器等。液晶顯示器,通過使用電場控制液晶層的光傳導性來呈現視訊圖像。
作為代表性的平板顯示器,液晶顯示器被應用於各種領域,例如,可以應用於在啟動時顯示視訊圖像的透明顯示器,並且當其被啟動時通過透明玻璃顯示背景圖像。
圖1是顯示根據先前技術的液晶顯示器的結構的透視圖。根據先前技術的液晶顯示器包含一顯示平板LCDP和一背光單元BLU。顯示平板LCDP包含在其透光軸彼此交叉設置的上偏光板PU和下偏光板PL,以及插入在上偏光板PU和下偏光板PL之間的液晶面板LCP。
液晶面板LCP包含一上基板SU、一下基板SL和設置在上基板SU和下基板SL之間的一液晶層LC。在液晶面板LCP的上外表面和下外表面分別安裝有上偏光板PU和下偏光板PL。即使在圖中未示出,上基板SU和下基板SL可以進一步包含以矩陣方式設置的像素區的線路和黑矩陣,以及用於驅動液晶層LC的共用電極和像素電極。此外,可以包含用於呈現顏色的各種彩色濾光片。
上偏光板PU附接在上基板SU的外表面上,下偏光板PL附接在下基板SL的外表面上。為了呈現全黑階,上偏光板PU和下偏光板PL較佳地被設置成其透光軸垂直交叉處。
背光單元BLU設置在顯示平板LCDP下方。背光單元BLU具有一導光板LG和一光源LS。光源LS設置在導光板LG的一側,用於將光照射到導光板LG中。導光板LG將從光源LS接收的光線分佈在導光板LG的整個區域,並將大部分光傳送到面向顯示平板LCDP的上表面。為此,可以在導光板LG的下表面上形成一反射圖案。
液晶顯示器不僅適用於電腦螢幕或電視機等各種場景。近來,平板顯示器還應用於汽車儀表板。汽車儀表板需準確地且視覺地向駕駛員提供各種數據和訊息。因此,較佳的汽車儀表板顯示得不受環境光的亮度的影響,且可精確適當地呈現視訊數據的色階和亮度。
此外,還需要將觸控輸入功能應用於汽車儀表板,以便駕駛員可容易且快速地檢查和/或確認驅動各種數據。在進行觸控操作時,不允許任何情況發生而導致儀表板上的視覺數據劣化或失真。隨著將液晶顯示器應用於各種領域,對於在任何情況下準確且穩定地顯示視覺數據的平板顯示器的要求正在增加。
為了克服上述缺點,本發明所揭示的目的是提供一種具有優異的對比度和穩定的全黑階的液晶顯示器。本發明所揭示的另一個目的是提供具有優越視訊品質的液晶顯示器,在任何情況下都不會有任何非預期的雜訊,如摩爾紋(moiré)和/或顯示不均(mura)。
為了實現上述目的,本發明所揭示的一個實施例提供了一種液晶顯示器,包含:一背光單元;一光閥板位於背光單元的前面,並包含多個第一單元像素區;以及一視訊顯示面板位於光閥板的前面,並且包含多個第二單元像素區。
在一些實施例中,該些第一單元像素區與該些第二單元像素區彼此交錯配置(mis-aligned)。
在一些實施例中,各該第一單元像素區為一菱形,且各該第二單元像素區為一方形。
在一些實施例中,該菱形對應於該方形旋轉45度的形狀。
在一些實施例中,各該第一單元像素區與各該第二單元像素區的尺寸不同。
在一些實施例中,各該第一單元像素區的尺寸為各該第二單元像素區的尺寸的0.5倍至2.8倍的其中之一者。
在一些實施例中,該光閥板包含:沿著該菱形的一垂直方向延伸的一數據線;沿著該菱形的一水平方向延伸的一閘極線;設置於該菱形一角落的一薄膜電晶體;以及連接該薄膜電晶體,並置於該第一單元像素區內的一像素電極。
在一些實施例中,液晶顯示器更包含設置在各該第一單元像素區的一白色彩色濾光片。
在一些實施例中,各該第二單元像素包含多個子像素區。
在一些實施例中,各該子像素區包含一紅色子像素、一綠色子像素以及一藍色子像素。
在顯示平板和背光單元之間包含光閥板時,根據本發明所揭示的液晶顯示器可在任何情況和環境條件下穩定地呈現全黑階的優秀視訊品質和黑白對比率。由於光閥板的單元像素被設置為與顯示面板的單元像素區不規則地重疊,所以根據本發明所揭示的液晶顯示器沒有諸如摩爾紋(moiré)和/或顯示不均(mura)的輕微雜訊圖案。此外,由於光閥板的單元像素與顯示面板的單元像素區不同的形狀和尺寸,所以可以確保最大值的開口率。
參考圖式,將描述本發明所揭示的較佳實施例。在詳細描述中,相同的圖式標記表示相同的元件。但是,本發明所揭示的內容不受這些實施例的限制,但可以在不改變技術精神的情況下提供各種變更或修改。在以下實施例中,選擇便於解釋的元件名稱,並且可能與實際名稱不同。
<第一實施例>
參考圖2,我們將說明本發明所揭示的第一較佳實施例。圖2是根據本發明所揭示的具有光閥板的液晶顯示器的橫截面分解圖。根據本發明所揭示的第一實施例之具有光閥板的液晶顯示器,包含一顯示平板LCDP和一背光單元BLU。
顯示平板LCDP包含一下偏光板PL、一光閥板LV、一視訊顯示面板RV和一上偏光板PU。視訊顯示面板RV設置在光閥板LV上。
由液晶顯示面板構成光閥板LV和視訊顯示面板RV的情況需要偏光板。例如,下偏光板PL設置在光閥板LV的後表面的下方。上偏光板PU設置在視訊顯示面板RV的前表面上。
背光單元BLU設置在顯示平板LCP下方,即位於下偏光板PL的下方。背光單元BLU包含一導光板LG和一光源LS。光源LS設置在導光板LG的一側表面,以提供光進入導光板LG。導光板LG將從光源LS接收的光線分佈在導光板LG的整個內部體積中,並將最大部分的光送到面向顯示平板LCDP的上側。藉此,可以在導光板LG的下表面進一步包含一光反射圖案。
於此,背光單元BLU是光源LS被放置在面對導光板LG的一側表面的邊緣型背光單元。然而,本發明所揭示的背光單元BLU不限於邊緣型,而可以是將光源放置在導光板或擴散板下的直接型背光單元。即使在圖中未繪示,可以在導光板LG的上表面上設置一個或多個光學片,以增強光的強度和漫射能力。
光閥板LV用於增強黑色均勻性,即,可以在顯示平板LCDP上的任何區域上以相同(或非常相似)的值呈現相同的黑階。另外,光閥板LV用於提高白階和黑階之間的對比度(contrast ratio,CR)。因此,較佳的是,光閥板LV不具有彩色濾光片。
參考圖3,我們說明光閥板LV由液晶面板製成的情況。圖3是根據本發明第一實施例的光閥板的液晶面板的平面圖。在透明基板上,多個單元像素區UPL以矩陣方式設置。單元像素區UPL可包含三個子像素區SPL。
一個子像素區SPL可以由在基板上沿水平方向延伸的閘極線GL和在基板上沿垂直方向延伸的數據線DL的交叉結構來定義。在子像素區SPL中,設置有一薄膜電晶體T和一像素電極PXL。薄膜電晶體T包含從閘極線GL分支的一閘極電極G,從數據線DL分支的一源極電極S以及一汲極電極D。像素電極PXL連接汲極電極D。
單元像素區UPL可為四方形(或方形),其水平線與垂直線具有相同的長度。因此,子像素區SPL可為具有水平線與垂直線的比例為1:3的矩形。
當光閥板LV用於呈現明暗度時,彩色濾光片不包含在子像素區SPL中。所有的子像素區SPL沒有彩色濾光片。若需要,可以設置白色濾光片。
視訊顯示面板RV用於呈現視訊數據或訊息。參考圖4,我們將說明由液晶顯示器製成的視訊顯示面板RV。圖4是根據本發明第一實施例的視訊圖像的液晶面板的平面圖。
視訊顯示面板RV可以具有與光閥板LV相同的結構。例如,多個單元像素區UPR可以以矩陣方式設置在透明基板上。一個單元像素區UPR可有三個子像素區SPR。
一子像素區SPR可以由在基板上沿水平方向延伸的閘極線GL和在基板上沿垂直方向延伸的數據線DL的交叉結構來定義。在子像素區SPR中,設置有一薄膜電晶體T和一像素電極PXL。薄膜電晶體T包含從閘極線GL分支的一閘極電極G,從數據線DL分支的一源極電極S以及一汲極電極D。像素電極PXL連接汲極電極D。
單元像素區UPR可為方形,其水平線與垂直線具有相同的長度。因此,子像素區SPR可為具有水平線與垂直線的比例為1:3的矩形。
當視訊顯示面板RV向觀察者提供視訊圖像時,較佳地包含彩色濾光片。例如,各子像素區SPR有一彩色濾光片,用於呈現紅色R、綠色G和藍色B中的任何一種顏色。
根據本發明所揭示的具有光閥板的液晶顯示器,具有其中視訊顯示面板RV堆疊在光閥板LV上的結構。例如,光閥板LV的各單元像素區UPL可以與視訊顯示面板RV的各單元像素區UPR一一對應。
在這種情況下,由於具有相同形狀和尺寸的單元像素區UPR和單元像素區UPL彼此重疊,所以可能會發生被稱為摩爾紋(moiré)和/或顯示不均勻(mura)的輕雜訊圖案。這些光雜訊圖案與視訊數據或訊息無關。這些光雜訊圖案可能會對觀察者造成混淆或幻覺,使得觀察者無法識別正確的視訊訊息。
此外,當連接光閥板LV和視訊顯示面板RV時,單元像素區UPR和單元像素區UPL可能為錯置的(mis-aligned)。在這種情況下,設置在單元像素區UPR或單元像素區UPL之間的黑矩陣具有更寬的區域。也就是說,由於對準公差(alignment tolerance),可以由黑矩陣覆蓋更多的開口面積,使得開口率(aperture ratio)可降低。
為了解決開口率的劣化,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL可以大於視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR。例如,光閥板LV包含多個單元像素區UPL,其面積比視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的尺寸大1.2至1.5倍。
在這種情況下,當光閥板LV與視訊顯示面板RV接合時,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL不與視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR對齊,而是彼此不規則地錯置(mis-aligned)。由於光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL具有比視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR更大的面積,所以可以減少黑矩陣的面積。也就是說,視訊顯示面板RV的開口率不會降低。
然而,在該結構中,光閥板LV的線路彼此平行於視訊顯示面板RV的線路。由於具有網格圖案的線條平行重疊,所以來自背光單元的光可能因網格圖案的線條的散射效應而形成如摩爾紋(moiré)和/或顯示不均勻(mura)的光雜訊圖案。
<第二實施例>
在下文中,參考圖5,我們將說明本發明所揭示的第二實施例。在第二個實施例中,我們提出了一種具有光閥板的液晶顯示器的結構,其中沒有發生如摩爾紋(moiré)的光雜訊圖案,且開口率沒有降低。圖5是根據本發明第二實施例的用於光閥板的液晶面板與具有光閥板的液晶顯示器中的用於視訊圖像的液晶面板的放置結構的平面圖。由於其橫截面圖的結構與第一實施例相同,所以也可以參照圖2。
根據本發明所揭示的第二實施例之具有一光閥板的液晶顯示器,包含一顯示平板LCDP和一背光單元BLU。顯示平板LCDP包含一下偏光板PL、一光閥板LV、一視訊顯示面板RV和一上偏光板PU。視訊顯示面板RV設置在光閥板LV上。
由液晶顯示面板構成光閥板LV和視訊顯示面板RV的情況需要偏光板。例如,下偏光板PL設置在光閥板LV的後表面的下方。上偏光板PU設置在視訊顯示面板RV的前表面上。
背光單元BLU設置在顯示平板LCP下方,即位於下偏光板PL的下方。背光單元BLU包含一導光板LG和一光源LS。光源LS設置在導光板LG的一個側表面,以提供光進入導光板LG。導光板LG將從光源LS接收的光線分佈在導光板LG的整個內部體積中,並將最大部分的光傳送到面向顯示平板LCDP的上側。藉此,可以在導光板LG的下表面進一步包含一光反射圖案。
根據第二實施例的具有光閥板的液晶顯示器,具有光閥板LV和視訊顯示面板RV的接合結構的特徵。特別地,該特徵在於,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL與視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR之間的重疊結構。在圖5中,我們說明了這些單元像素區的結構,以清楚地顯示第二實施例的特徵。
視訊顯示面板RV可以與第一實施例具有相同的結構,並且可以以相同的方法進行設置。這裡,不重複說明視訊顯示面板RV的詳細結構。然而,光閥板LV可以具有與第一實施例不同的結構。例如,光閥板LV包含具有鑽石形狀(diamond shape)或菱形並以矩陣方式設置的多個單元像素區。視訊顯示面板RV包含具有正方形的形狀並以矩陣方式佈置的多個單元像素區UPR。
光閥板LV的菱形單元像素區UPL與視訊顯示面板RV的方形單元像素區UPR重疊。例如,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL可以具有水平對角線和垂直對角線為331㎛(微米)的鑽石形狀(或菱形)。結果,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL可以是水平線和垂直線為234㎛(微米)的方形以45度旋轉的菱形。光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL可不具有子像素區,但具有一像素本體(pixel body)。
視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR可以具有正方形的形狀,其水平線和垂直線為234㎛(微米)。視覺顯示面板RV的單元像素區的UPR可以具有至少三個子像素區SPR。例如,一個子像素區SPR可以具有水平線為78㎛(微米),垂直線為234㎛(微米)的矩形。
由於光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL和視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR彼此具有不同的形狀並且彼此重疊,所以來自背光單元的光可能不會被單元像素區的圖案所散射。因此,沒有示出摩爾紋(moiré)和/或顯示不均勻(mura)等輕雜訊。
光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL和視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR之間的重疊或對準方法可以定義不同。例如,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL中的菱形的形狀的任何一角可以對應於視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的正方形的形狀的任何側邊。或者,光閥板LV將與視訊顯示面板RV接合,因為菱形的角可以對應於方形的任何一角。
較佳地,在任何條件下菱形可以和方形重疊,即它們是不規則地設置的。例如,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的菱形的一個角可以設置在視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR內的任意點。即,菱形的角可能被放置在方形的中心。更佳地,為了有不規則的設置,如圖5所示,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的菱形的一個角可以被設置為從視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的方形的中心點移位到一側。
在上述描述中,為了方便起見,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的菱形與視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的方形具有相同的大小。然而,為了更有效地防止光雜訊,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的尺寸可能與視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的尺寸不同。例如,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的大小可以是視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的大小的兩倍。或者,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL可以比視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR大上任何有理數倍。
詳細地,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的尺寸可以是視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的尺寸的1.2至1.8倍。或者,菱形的尺寸可能是方形尺寸的2.2至2.8倍。對於其他實施例,光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的尺寸可以是視訊顯示面板RV的單元像素區UPR的尺寸的0.5至0.9倍。尺寸比可以選擇0.5、0.7、0.9、1.2、1.5、1.8、2.2或2.8中的任何一個值。也就是說,考慮到製造過程和產品應用領域,尺寸比可以選擇在0.5倍到2.8倍之間。
以下參考圖6,我們將說明根據本發明所揭示的第二實施例的包含光閥板在液晶顯示器中的一個實施例。圖6是根據本發明的第二實施例的具有光閥板的液晶面板的局部放大平面圖。
參考圖6,根據第二實施例的光閥板,包含以矩陣方式設置在基板上的多個像素區。像素區有鑽石或菱形的形狀。
詳細地,在基板上,有沿垂直方向延伸的一數據線DL,和沿水平方向延伸的一閘極線GL。數據線DL沿著菱形的一邊連續延伸具有一V字形(chevron shape)。此外,閘極線GL沿著菱形的另一邊連續延伸具有一V字形。薄膜電晶體T可以位於閘極線GL和數據線DL交叉的菱形的一角。
薄膜電晶體T包含一閘極電極G,一源極電極S和一汲極電極D。閘極電極G可以具有從閘極線GL分支的矩形。源極電極S從數據線DL分支並與閘極電極G的一個側部重疊。如圖6所示,源極電極S可以具有「E」字形。汲極電極D被設置為與源極電極S隔開一預定距離。如圖6所示,汲極電極D可以具有顛倒的「C」字形。
薄膜電晶體T的汲極電極D連接到像素電極PXL。像素電極PXL設置在由數據線DL和閘極線GL包圍的區域內。像素電極PXL可以具有與光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的形狀相對應的菱形。
圖6顯示薄膜電晶體T在具有菱形形狀的單元像素區的一個角具有小的矩形。然而,薄膜電晶體T的形狀不限於此。例如,薄膜電晶體T可以具有三角形形狀。或者,薄膜電晶體T可以具有一分段形狀並且被設置為與光閥板LV的單元像素區UPL的菱形的任何一側重疊。較佳的是,光閥板LV的薄膜電晶體T具有使視像顯示面板RV的開口率減少最小化的形狀。此外,光閥板LV的薄膜電晶體T的位置可以被定義為使視訊顯示面板RV的開口率減少最小化。
雖然已經參考圖式詳細描述本發明的實施例,但是本領域技術人員將會理解,本發明可以以其他具體形式實現,而不改變本發明的技術精神或基本特徵。因此,應當注意,前述實施例在所有方面僅是說明性的,而不應被解釋為限制本發明的範圍。本發明的範圍由申請專利範圍而不是本發明的詳細描述來限定。在申請專利範圍的含義和範圍內作出的所有變化或修改或其均等物應被解釋為落在本發明的範圍內。
LCDP‧‧‧顯示平板
BLU‧‧‧背光單元
PU‧‧‧上偏光板
PL‧‧‧下偏光板
LCP‧‧‧液晶面板
SU‧‧‧上基板
SL‧‧‧下基板
LC‧‧‧液晶層
LG‧‧‧導光板
LS‧‧‧光源
RV‧‧‧視訊顯示面板
LV‧‧‧光閥板
UPL‧‧‧單元像素區
UPR‧‧‧單元像素區
SPL‧‧‧子像素區
SPR‧‧‧子像素區
GL‧‧‧閘極線
DL‧‧‧數據線
T‧‧‧薄膜電晶體
PXL‧‧‧像素電極
D‧‧‧汲極電極
G‧‧‧閘極電極
S‧‧‧源極電極
R‧‧‧紅色
G‧‧‧綠色
B‧‧‧藍色
圖1是根據先前技術的液晶顯示器的分解圖。 圖2是根據本發明所揭示的具有光閥板的液晶顯示器的橫截面分解圖。 圖3是根據本發明第一實施例的光閥板的液晶面板的平面圖。 圖4是根據本發明第一實施例的視訊圖像的液晶面板的平面圖。 圖5是根據本發明第二實施例的用於光閥板的液晶面板與具有光閥板的液晶顯示器中的用於視訊圖像的液晶面板的放置結構的平面圖。 圖6是根據本發明的第二實施例的具有光閥板的液晶面板的局部放大平面圖。
Claims (9)
- 一種液晶顯示器,包含:一背光單元;一光閥板,位於該背光單元的前面,並包含多個第一單元像素區;以及一視訊顯示面板,位於該光閥板的前面,並包含多個第二單元像素區,其中該些第一單元像素區與該些第二單元像素區錯置。
- 如請求項1所述之液晶顯示器,其中各該第一單元像素區為一菱形,且各該第二單元像素區為一方形。
- 如請求項2所述之液晶顯示器,其中該菱形對應於該方形旋轉45度的形狀。
- 如請求項1所述之液晶顯示器,其中各該第一單元像素區與各該第二單元像素區的尺寸不同。
- 如請求項4所述之液晶顯示器,其中各該第一單元像素區的尺寸為各該第二單元像素區的尺寸的0.5倍至2.8倍其中之一者。
- 如請求項2所述之液晶顯示器,其中該光閥板包含:一數據線,沿著該菱形的一邊的連續延伸;一閘極線,沿著該菱形的另一邊的連續延伸;一薄膜電晶體,設置於該菱形一角落;以及一像素電極,連接該薄膜電晶體,並置於該第一單元像素區內。
- 如請求項1所述之液晶顯示器,更包含一白色彩色濾光片,設置在各該第一單元像素區。
- 如請求項1所述之液晶顯示器,其中各該第二單元像素區包含多個子像素區。
- 如請求項8所述之液晶顯示器,其中各該子像素區包含:一紅色子像素;一綠色子像素;以及一藍色子像素。
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