TWI399258B - Precision machining device - Google Patents

Description

Precision processing machine

The invention relates to a precision processing machine.

Precision processing machines, such as lathes, are used in a wide range of applications (see "Modeling and intelligent chatter control strategies for a lathe machine", Control Applications, 1996., Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 235-240, 2006.08. 06), its working range generally includes the end face, outer circle, inner hole, slope, thread, curved surface, etc. of the workpiece to be turned, and can also be used for drilling and grinding, and these processes use the tool to cut the workpiece. When the tool is in contact with the workpiece, heat is generated, which affects the life of the tool and the quality of the workpiece. Therefore, when machining the lathe, it is generally necessary to use a cooling lubrication system to transport the cutting fluid to reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece to cool the tool and the workpiece. The heat generated by cutting.

The conveying fluid generally adopts a conveying pipe body, and one end of the conveying pipe body has a liquid inlet port and an air inlet port for inputting cutting fluid and gas respectively, and the other end of the conveying pipe body has a discharge port and a cutting fluid The gas is ejected from the discharge port. Due to the high pressure of the high pressure gas, the cutting fluid is sprayed to the end of the tool to cool the tool and flush the chips generated by cutting the workpiece.

However, in machining, sometimes it is necessary to use different tools to machine the workpiece. Therefore, it is usually necessary to set a plurality of different tools on the processing machine. The different tools are installed on different tool holders or one tool holder. Same location. The conveying pipe body of the cutting fluid is fixed adjacent to one of the cutters. When using another tool on the side different from the tool, it is usually necessary to remove the conveying pipe body and install it on one side adjacent to the other tool to reduce the cutting efficiency; if the conveying pipe body is not removed, Increasing the length of the conveying pipe body may interfere with the processing, resulting in inconvenience in processing.

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a precision processing machine that is easy to process and has high cutting efficiency.

A precision processing machine includes a workpiece fixing portion and a processing portion. The workpiece fixing portion is used to fix the workpiece to be processed. The processing portion includes a fixing member, at least two tool holders fixed to the fixing member, at least two tools fixed to the at least two tool holders, and a cooling lubrication system. The at least two tool holders and the at least two tools are disposed opposite the workpiece fixing portion. The cooling lubrication system includes a cooling lubrication device and a position adjustment device. The position adjustment device includes a support portion and a sliding portion that is slidably engaged with the support portion. The cooling lubrication device is fixed to the sliding portion, and the support portion is fixed to the sliding portion. The fixing member has a sliding direction of the sliding portion with respect to the supporting portion parallel to an arrangement direction of the at least two tool holders.

Compared with the prior art, the position adjusting device of the embodiment can arbitrarily move the position of the pipe body between different tool holder sides of the precision processing machine without removing or lengthening the pipe body, thereby improving processing efficiency and being more convenient. .

The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a precision processing machine 100. . The precision processing machine 100 includes a base 10, a workpiece fixing portion 12, and a processing portion 14. The workpiece fixing portion 12 and the processing portion 14 are respectively disposed on the base 10, and the workpiece fixing portion 12 is disposed opposite to the processing portion 14. The precision processing machine 100 is used for precision cutting of the end face, outer circle, inner hole, slope, thread, curved surface, and the like of the workpiece.

Referring to FIG. 3 together, the workpiece fixing portion 12 includes a mounting plate 122 and a retractable turntable 124 mounted to the mounting plate 122. The end face 1244 of the turntable 124 has two suction holes 1246 for absorbing and fixing the workpiece to the end face 1244 of the turntable 124. The turntable 124 has a rotating shaft 1242. The turntable 124 can be rotated about the rotating shaft 1242 and can be extended and contracted in the direction of the rotating shaft 1242 (X direction) under the driving of a rotary disk drive (not shown).

The processing portion 14 includes a tool holder set 142, a fixture 144, and a cooling lubrication system 146. The tool holder set 142 includes a main tool holder 1422 and sub-tool holders 1424 and 1426 that are respectively coupled and fixed to both sides of the main tool holder 1422. The sub-tool holders 1424 and 1426 are detachable, and the sub-tool holder 1424 is taken as an example. The side wall of the sub-tool holder 1424 is provided with two counter holes 143, and the side wall of the main tool holder 1422 is provided with two threaded holes (not shown). A stud (not shown) passes through the counterbore 143 in turn and is screwed into the threaded hole in the side wall of the main tool holder 1422 to fix the sub-tool holder 1424 and the main tool holder 1422. The manner in which the sub-tool holder 1426 and the main tool holder 1422 are fixed is the same.

The processing portion 14 further includes three cutters 148, 150 and 152, wherein one end of the cutter 148 is clamped and fixed by the main tool holder 1422, and the other end of the cutter 148 is a cutting portion (not shown), and the end portion of the cutting portion and the turntable 124 1244 is opposite for cutting the workpiece adsorbed on the end face 1244 of the turntable. Tool 150 and The 152 is respectively clamped and fixed by the sub-tool holders 1424 and 1426, and is fixed in the same manner as the main tool holder 1422 and the cutter 148. The cutting directions of the cutters 148, 150 and 152 are different, so that the workpiece is cut into different shapes. The tools 148, 150 and 152 are detachable for easy replacement of other tools.

The main tool holder 1422 is mounted and fixed to one side 1442 of the fixing member 144. The fixing member 144 can be moved on the surface of the base 10 in a direction perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the turntable 124 (Y direction), or can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the base (Z direction) to make the cutters 148, 150 And 152 can be switched to each other to use or contact different positions of the workpiece.

Referring to FIG. 4, the cooling and lubrication system 146 includes a cooling and lubricating device 147 and a position adjusting device 162. The position adjusting device 149 is fixed to the side surface 1442 of the fixing member. The cooling lubricating device 147 is connected to the position adjusting device 162 for adjusting the position of the cooling lubricating device 147.

The cooling and lubricating device 147 includes a flexible tubular body 154, a tubular body fixing portion 156, an infusion tube 158, and a gas delivery tube 160. The tube body 154, the infusion tube 158, and the gas delivery tube 160 are connected to the tube fixing portion 156, respectively.

One end of the flexible tubular body 154 is in communication with the tubular body fixing portion 156, and the other end has a spray head 164 for ejecting a liquid, gas or liquid-gas mixture. The flexible tube body 154 has a certain rigidity so as not to be deformed when liquid and/or gas is ejected; and it also has flexibility, and an external force is applied to the flexible tube body 154 to cause it to occur. The deflection is such that the spray head 164 can be aligned with the cutting portion of the tool being used. The liquid is generally The cutting fluid is an oil-based cutting fluid or a water-based cutting fluid, wherein the oil-based cutting fluid is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, animal and vegetable oil, common compound cutting fluid, extreme pressure cutting oil, etc.; the water-based cutting fluid is selected from the group consisting of emulsification Liquid, synthetic cutting fluid, semi-synthetic cutting fluid, etc. The action of the spray head 164 to eject a liquid, gas or liquid-gas mixture includes: 1) cutting the cuttings on the tool, the workpiece and the chips to reduce the temperature of the cutting zone and achieving cooling. 2) Adsorption and chemical reaction occur on the contact surface between the cutter and the chip workpiece to form a lubricating oil film to lubricate, suppress the formation of built-up edge, effectively reduce the cutting force and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece.

The tube fixing portion 156 has a cavity structure (not shown) and two through holes 1562 and 1564 communicating with the cavity structure. The infusion tube 158 and one end of the gas pipe 160 are respectively inserted into the through hole 1562 and 1564 is fixed, and the through holes 1562 and 1564 are used to electrically connect the infusion tube 158 and the gas pipe 160 and the flexible tube body 154, respectively. The other ends of the infusion tube 158 and the gas delivery tube 160 are respectively connected to a liquid source and a gas source for respectively introducing liquid and gas into the flexible tube body 154.

The position adjusting device 162 includes a supporting portion 166 and a sliding portion 168. The support portion 166 includes a bottom wall 172 and a pair of L-shaped tabs 174 formed on the bottom wall 172. The bottom wall 172 and the two L-shaped tabs 174 form a sliding slot, and the support portion 166 is fixed to the fixing member. On the side 1442 of the 144, the support portion 166 extends in a direction parallel to the surface of the base 10. Two holes 176 are formed in the bottom wall 172, and two threaded holes 170 are defined in the side surface 1442 of the fixing member 144. The two studs 178 respectively pass through the two counter holes 176 and are screwed into the two threaded holes 170. The support portion 166 is fixed to the fixing member 144.

The sliding portion 168 has a T-shaped cross section, and cooperates with the supporting portion 166, and can The support portion 166 slides inside. The sliding portion 168 is provided with two threaded holes 180. The tubular body fixing portion 156 defines two through holes 182. The two studs 184 are respectively inserted into the two through holes 182, and then screwed into the two threaded holes 180 respectively to make the tubular body fixing portion 156. It is connected and fixed to the sliding portion 168. The tubular body fixing portion 156 defines a threaded hole 186 into which a stop stud 188 can be screwed. When the sliding portion 168 slides to a certain position, the stop stud 188 is screwed through the threaded hole 186. The L-shaped tab 174 of the support portion 166 abuts against the sliding portion 168 to arbitrarily slide in the support portion 166, and is fixed to the position of the tubular body fixing portion 156 and the flexible tube body 154. It can be understood that the cross section of the sliding portion 168 can also be "worked" or other shapes, and is not limited to the embodiment.

The precision processing machine 100 is used as follows: the workpiece to be processed is placed on the end surface 1244 of the turntable 124, and the two suction holes 1246 are controlled to adsorb the workpiece to the end surface 1244 of the turntable 124; the retractable turntable 124 is directed to the tool holder group 142 opposite thereto. Close to the appropriate position; rotating the turntable 124, the workpiece rotates with the rotation of the turntable 124; moving the tool 148, 150 or 152, such as the tool 150, to the appropriate position to machine the workpiece while the sliding portion 168 slides To the side of one side of the cutter 150, and positioning the tubular body 154 by the stop stud 188, the spray head 164 of the tubular body 154 aligns the cutting portion of the cutter 150 to eject the liquid-gas mixture.

During the machining of the workpiece, it is sometimes necessary to switch between the tools of different cutting directions. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tool 150 mounted on the sub-tool holder 1424 is switched to the tool 152 mounted on the sub-tool holder 1426. At this time, the tightening force of the stopper stud 188 is released, and the sliding portion 168 is slid to the side close to the cutter 152, and the ejection head 164 of the tubular body 154 is aligned with the cutting portion of the cutter 152.

Compared with the prior art, the precision processing machine 100 of the embodiment adopts a The support portion 166 and the sliding portion 168 cooperate with the support portion 166, so that the tube body 154 can be conveniently positioned on the side of different tools, so that when the workpiece is processed using tools of different positions, the tube body 154 need not be removed, It is not necessary to lengthen the pipe body 154, so that the processing efficiency is improved and the processing is more convenient.

As shown in FIG. 4, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling lubrication system 190. The cooling lubrication system 190 includes a position adjustment device 191 including a support portion 192 having a T-shaped cross section and a groove-shaped sliding portion 194. The sliding portion 194 includes a bottom wall 196 and a pair of L-shaped tabs 198 formed on the bottom wall 196. The sliding portion 194 is slidably engaged with the supporting portion 192. The tube fixing portion 156 is fixed to the sliding portion 194. . The sliding portion 194 defines a threaded hole 202. A stop stud 204 can be screwed into the threaded hole 202. The stop stud 204 can be screwed through the threaded hole 202 and abutted against the support portion 192 to reach the tube fixing portion. The position of the 156 and the flexible tube 154 is fixed. The cross section of the support portion 192 may also be "work" or other shape, and is not limited to the embodiment.

In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

10‧‧‧Base

168,194‧‧‧Sliding

12‧‧‧Working part fixing part

172,196‧‧‧ bottom wall

14‧‧‧Processing Department

174‧‧‧L-shaped tab

100‧‧‧Precision processing machine

176‧‧‧ counterbore

122‧‧‧Installation board

178,184‧‧‧ studs

124‧‧‧ Turntable

182‧‧‧through hole

142‧‧‧Knife set

170,180,186,202‧‧‧ threaded holes

143‧‧‧ counterbore

188,204‧‧‧stop studs

144‧‧‧Fixed parts

198‧‧‧L-shaped tab

146,190‧‧‧Cooling lubrication system

1242‧‧‧ shaft

147‧‧‧Cooling and lubricating device

1244‧‧‧ end face

148,150,152‧‧‧Tools

1246‧‧‧ suction holes

162,191‧‧‧ position adjustment device

1422‧‧‧Main tool holder

156‧‧‧Tube fixed parts

1424, 1426‧‧‧Sub-tool holder

158‧‧‧Infusion tube

1442‧‧‧ side

160‧‧‧ gas pipeline

1562, 1564‧‧‧through holes

164‧‧ ‧jet head

154‧‧‧ tube body

166,192‧‧‧Support

1 is a perspective view of a precision processing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic perspective view of the tube in the precision processing machine of FIG. 1 after moving a distance.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing another angle of the workpiece fixing portion in the precision machining machine of Fig. 1.

4 is a perspective exploded view of the cooling lubrication system of the precision processing machine of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of a cooling lubrication system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

143‧‧‧ counterbore

176‧‧‧ counterbore

144‧‧‧Fixed parts

178‧‧‧ Stud

146‧‧‧Cooling lubrication system

170,180,186‧‧‧ threaded holes

148,150,152‧‧‧Tools

182‧‧‧through hole

162‧‧‧ Position adjustment device

184‧‧ ‧ studs

156‧‧‧Tube fixed parts

188‧‧‧stop studs

166‧‧‧Support

1422‧‧‧Main tool holder

168‧‧‧Sliding section

1424, 1426‧‧‧Sub-tool holder

172‧‧‧ bottom wall

1442‧‧‧ side

174‧‧‧L-shaped tab

Claims (10)

A precision processing machine for processing a workpiece to be processed, the precision machining machine comprising: a workpiece fixing portion for fixing a workpiece to be processed; and a processing portion including a fixing member fixed to the fixing member At least two tool holders, at least two tools fixed to the at least two tool holders, and a cooling lubrication system, the at least two tool holders and at least two other tools are disposed opposite to the workpiece fixing portion, the cooling lubrication The system includes a cooling lubrication device, and the improvement includes that the cooling lubrication system further includes a position adjusting device including a support portion and a sliding portion slidably engaged with the support portion, the cooling lubrication device being fixed to the sliding portion The support portion is fixed to the fixing member, and a sliding direction of the sliding portion relative to the supporting portion is parallel to an arrangement direction of the at least two tool holders. The precision processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the cooling and lubricating device comprises a pipe body, a pipe body fixing portion connected to the pipe body, an infusion pipe and a gas pipe, and the pipe body fixing portion. The interior has a cavity, the cavity is respectively connected with the pipe body, the infusion pipe and the gas pipe, and the infusion pipe and the gas pipe are respectively used for introducing a coolant and a gas to the body, and the pipe body is used for the at least two The tool sprays the coolant and gas. The precision processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is a groove. The precision processing machine of claim 3, wherein the sliding portion is a bump matching the groove. The precision processing machine of claim 4, wherein the precision machining machine further comprises a stop stud, the pipe fixing portion is opened a threaded hole into which the stop stud is screwed and abuts against the sliding portion. The precision processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is a bump. The precision processing machine of claim 6, wherein the sliding portion is a groove that engages the projection. The precision processing machine of claim 7, wherein the precision machining machine further comprises a stop stud, the sliding portion defines a threaded hole, and the stop stud is screwed into and through the thread The hole abuts the support. The precision processing machine of claim 1, wherein the workpiece fixing portion comprises a retractable turntable, the turntable having at least one suction hole adjacent to the end surface of the tool holder, the at least one suction hole for adsorbing The workpiece. The precision processing machine of claim 1, wherein the workpiece fixing portion comprises a mounting plate and a retractable turntable mounted and fixed to the mounting plate, the retractable turntable having an end face opposite to the tool The end surface is provided with at least one suction hole for adsorbing the workpiece to be processed.