TWI228332B - Fuel cell system and method of using same - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve activating properties of a fuel cell. A fuel cell 532 includes a fuel cell stack 534, and supplies power to a system load 538 connected to the fuel cell stack 534. The fuel cell 532 further includes a temperature switch 536 to have a short-circuit between input and output terminals to the system load 538 when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 is lower than a reference temperature, and switches on the temperature switch 536 placed between the input and output terminals for passing current to the system load 538 when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 becomes higher than the reference temperature.

Description

1228332 V. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a method for using the same. 2. [Previous Technology] A fuel cell is composed of a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode, and an electrolyte provided between the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode. After supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, and after supplying the oxidant to the oxidant electrode, Electricity is generated by an electrochemical reaction. Its fuel generally uses hydrogen, but in recent years, research and development of direct fuel cells that directly use methanol, which is cheap and easy to handle, has been actively developed. In the case where methanol is used as a fuel, the reaction at the fuel electrode is shown below (1). CH3OH + H20 — 6H + + C02 + 6e- (1) The reaction at the oxidant electrode is shown by the following formula (2). 3/2 02 + 6H ++ 6e--3H2〇 (2) In this way, since the direct fuel cell can obtain hydrogen ions from an aqueous methanol solution, there is no need for a reformer or the like, so that miniaturization and weight reduction can be achieved. In addition, the use of a liquid methanol aqueous solution as a fuel has a feature of extremely high energy density. However, in general, the fuel cell has a problem that its startability is not ideal compared to other power sources. In particular, the efficiency of direct fuel cell power generation decreases with the decrease in temperature. If the desired voltage / current cannot be supplied at low temperatures, the machine may not be started. In order to improve the start-up disadvantage of this fuel cell, a method has been proposed, such as adding an electric heater to the fuel cell, and forcibly

1228332 V. Description of the invention (2) Increase the temperature to a predetermined temperature (Patent Document 1). In addition, some people have proposed another method. For example, when the fuel cell is started, it directly supplies methanol as fuel to the air chamber, and directly burns methanol in the air. This can rapidly increase the temperature of the fuel cell and make the fuel cell The optimum operating temperature is reached in a short time (Patent Document 2). [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-1 8 7 7 6 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-3 0 79 70 3. [Summary of the Invention] Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, conventional additional electric heating is used. The method of the heater has the problem of increasing the size of the entire device due to the need to attach a φ electric heating heater, and the problem of additional preparation for heating the electric heating heater. In addition, in the method of directly burning methanol at an air electrode, an additional pipe is also required to supply methanol to the air electrode. Therefore, if it is to be applied to a battery pack including a plurality of fuel cell cells, the structure will be complicated and The problem of large equipment. On the other hand, if a fuel cell is used in a portable device such as a mobile phone, it will be required to be used in a low temperature environment of about 0 ° C due to an increase in outdoor use. Therefore, when the fuel cell is applied to a portable device such as a mobile phone, we more expect the emergence of a portable fuel cell with a simple structure that can be used in a short time at a low ambient temperature. The temperature of the fuel cell rises and its output reaches a general level. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a technology for increasing the temperature of a fuel cell even at a low temperature.

1228332 V. Description of the invention (3) '' '~~ ---- ^ Its startability. To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, which supplies power to a load connected to the fuel cell, and includes a temperature switch, which makes the connection input / output according to the temperature of the fuel cell. Short or open between terminals. When a short circuit occurs between the input and output terminals of the load connected to the fuel cell, a current flows to the load. Therefore, according to the present invention, the supply / disconnection of the power to the load can be changed as the temperature of the fuel cell is low. When the input and output ends

When the road is lit, a short-circuit current flows in the fuel cell, causing the fuel cell I to…, and the fuel cell is overheated, causing the temperature of the fuel cell (（. Therefore, if the fuel cell is short-circuited at a low temperature, Under the fuel cell, the efficiency of generating electricity from the input and output of the rafter is increased. Jf pulls 4 volts and s liters, so it can increase the load of the fuel cell, which can open the charging terminal of the warehouse, and it is expected that the current will flow to Wenyue. The electricity to the load. Here, the 'fuel cell contains a fuel electrode and an oxygen 1 electrolyte membrane and a decomposed membrane of oxygen and a solid alcohol aqueous solution can be sandwiched between the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode ^' Solid electrolyte membrane system The plasma membrane can be used as a solid electrolyte membrane. The structure can be used as a fuel for polymer solid electrolytic cells. Here, as for the liquid, 'the use of liquid fuel can be used as a fuel methyl ethyl trip, or other alcohol materials can use methanol, ethyl acetate In addition, 'liquid fuel can also use the short-circuit path made by the fuel cell series battery according to the present invention, and it also includes a short-circuit path connected by a load in parallel with the load by a temperature switch. Burn

! 228332

Explanation of the invention (4) The battery-to-battery connection further includes the system. The present invention changes the shape of the connection or cuts the thermal expansion agent, and the temperature of the battery is interrupted. When the solid conductance of the channel according to the present invention is changed and the movable conductance is changed as the temperature is removed, the separation can be made. Connected or disconnected. In addition, according to the fuel cell system of the present invention, the power switch is used to start the fuel cell. In a fuel cell system, the temperature open relationship is composed of materials with temperature, that is, the input and output terminals are made according to temperature changes. These temperature switches are composed of bimetals, shape memory alloys, springs, or thermally sensitive ferrites. In this way, whenever the fuel changes, the fuel cell system can be repeatedly connected between the input and output terminals, and the temperature open relationship is composed of wheat and solid that are connected to the short-circuit electrical body and the material that changes its shape with temperature. The electrical conductor is in contact with, or is constituted by, the solid electrical conductor. In this way, whenever the temperature of the fuel cell is repeatedly connected between the solid conductor and the movable conductor ^ In the fuel cell system of the present invention, the movable conductive system is made of bimetal, shape memory alloy, thermal expansion agent, spring, or thermal Made of sensitive ferrite ^. The fuel cell system according to the present invention further includes a temperature sensor provided inside the fuel cell, wherein the temperature switch short-circuits or opens between the input and output terminals based on an output signal of the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is composed of a thermal parameter pair, a metal temperature resistor, a thermistor, a j C temperature sensor, a magnetic temperature sensor, a thermopile, and a pyroelectric temperature sensor. In the fuel cell system of the present invention, as a fuel cell usable fuel cell, the fuel cell system includes a solid electrolyte membrane sandwiched between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode.

Page 10 1228332

: A plurality of unit cells are arranged, and according to the temperature of the oxidant electrode arranged at the end of the fuel cell stack, the temperature switch shorts or opens between the input and output terminals. In this way, it can reflect the temperature of the end of the plastic battery pack most likely to be affected by the external temperature. "

In the fuel cell system of the present invention, when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the reference temperature, the 'temperature switch makes the I / O terminals connected to the load short ^', and when the temperature of the fuel cell is higher than the reference temperature, the I / O terminal, open circuit. Here, the range of the aforementioned reference temperature is above 10 ° C and below 35 ° C. The quasi-temperature and oxygen treatment are here. The concentration of the battery is lower than the ignition temperature. Control part of the present invention: When fuel is used, the present invention is used for the electrode material supply part, and can be controlled to 1%. 〇 In the case of a predetermined temperature electrode of the present invention, the fuel cell system based on the system further includes a warning signal to issue a battery temperature higher than a reference temperature and higher than a second base warning signal. In a fuel cell system, the fuel cell may include a fuel electrode, and the fuel cell system further includes a processing unit for supplying fuel, and a control unit that controls the concentration of the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode for 5 weeks according to the temperature of the fuel cell . When the temperature of the fuel cell is lower, the fuel is used to promote movement (cr 〇ss 〇ver), and in the fuel cell system that can be heated and burned, the temperature and temperature of the fuel cell are controlled by the control unit. Next, the fuel supply concentration is set according to the temperature of the fuel cell, and the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode is set to a predetermined concentration when the temperature of the fuel cell exceeds a predetermined level. When the battery temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, it is not restricted.

Page 11 1228332 " 1 _ V. Description of the invention (6) The temperature of the battery will be supplied to one degree. The shakes are all set to be thicker than the fuel cell system of the present invention.卩 According to the amount of battery materials. The lower the temperature of the fuel cell, the lower the temperature of the fuel electrode, which can prevent the fuel electrode from being cooled by the fuel. In the fuel cell system of the present invention, [the chemical agent is supplied to the oxidizing agent and the polarizing agent is supplied to the cell. The degree of oxidization of the battery is controlled by the control unit, and according to the amount of oxidant in the fuel electrode. When the fuel cell 12 adjusts the supply of the oxidizing agent to less, it can be known that the supply of oxidizing agent is low again, and the control unit cools the pupal electrode in the fuel cell system of the present invention with the oxidizing agent. The fuel that heat is supplied to the fuel electrode, or it may include a heater to reduce-side. The fuel supplied to the oxidant electrode to the fuel cell system according to the present invention can be made into a liquid fuel. Fuel electrodes of M to t battery cells The present invention provides a fuel cell having a load connected to the fuel cell: power is supplied to the temperature of the fuel cell so that it is connected to the use method of negative cut = j, which is based on the fuel circuit. Short-circuit or break between the loaded wheels

When the I temperature of the fuel cell system according to the present invention is lower than the reference temperature, the output is used. When the temperature of the fuel cell is higher than the reference temperature, the = terminals are short-circuited. When the fuel cell is in the fuel cell system of the present invention, , === open circuit. In the application method, the fuel cell package is $ 12, page 1228332_ V. Description of the invention (7) Contains a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode. The method of using the fuel cell system further includes: setting the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell. A concentration step, and a step of supplying a fuel whose fuel concentration is set to the fuel electrode in the concentration setting step. According to the method of using the fuel cell system of the present invention, the step of supplying fuel to the fuel electrode further includes: when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than a predetermined temperature, supplying the fuel whose concentration is set in the step of setting the concentration to the fuel And the step of supplying a predetermined concentration of fuel to the fuel electrode regardless of the temperature of the fuel cell when the temperature of the fuel cell exceeds a predetermined temperature. 0 The method of using a fuel cell system according to the present invention further includes a step of setting the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell, and in the step of supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, the fuel The amount of fuel is set to the fuel electrode in the amount step. In addition, the method of using the fuel cell system according to the present invention further includes a step of setting the amount of oxidant to be supplied to the oxidant electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell, and an amount of oxidant to be set in the aforementioned step of setting the amount of oxidant. Step of supplying to the oxidant. The method of using the fuel cell system according to the present invention further includes a heating step of heating at least one of the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode or the oxidant® supplied to the oxidant electrode. 4. [Embodiments] Preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Among them, the fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention

Page 13 1228332 V. Description of the invention (8) ------------ There are no special restrictions, but such as mobile telephony, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant), each …, Cameras, navigation systems, portable music players, etc., libraries for small appliances. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell 5 3 2 includes a fuel cell stack 5 3 4, a system power switch 544, an output terminal 54 reaching the system load 538, an input terminal 542 from the system load 538, a temperature switch 5 3 6, and a short-circuit channel 545. Here, the field load 5 3 8 is the resistance of the electrical appliances mentioned above. The output terminal 5 4 0 connected to the system load 5 3 8 is connected to the fuel electrode 10 2 of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4. The input terminal 5 4 2 connected to the system load 5 3 8 is connected to the oxidant electrode 108 of the fuel cell stack 5 34 of Lu. The output terminal 54o and the input terminal 5 4 2 are connected by a short-circuit path 545 provided in parallel with the system load 5 3 8 and a temperature switch 536 provided on the short-circuit path 545. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 34 is lower than the reference temperature, the temperature switch 5 3 6 connects the output terminal 540 and the input terminal 542. In this case, the system power switch 5 44 is turned on, and the short-circuit current flows into the short-circuit channel 545 ° ^ The temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is higher than the reference temperature, and the temperature switch 536 connects the input terminal 542 and the output The terminals 540 are cut off. In this way, even if the system power switch 5 4 4 is in the on (0 η) state, no current flows in the short-circuit channel 5 4 5. The temperature switch 5 3 6 should be set to convert 0n / 0f f according to the temperature of the oxidant electrode 1 08 in the fuel cell stack 5 3 4. The reason is that if the temperature near the catalyst electrode 108 is low, sufficient power generation efficiency cannot be obtained.

Page 14 1228332

Here, the 'reference fox degree' is preferably a temperature at which sufficient power generation efficiency can be obtained to supply power to the system load 53 8 ', for example, a range of ~ 10 to 35 ° is preferred. In this way, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 34 is low, the temperature switch 536 is turned off to allow a current to flow to the short-circuit path 545, so that a short-circuit current flows through the fuel cell stack 534. Therefore, the fuel cell stack 534 can be rapidly heated. Thereby, even if the surrounding temperature is low, the startability of the fuel cell 5 3 2 can be improved. In addition, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 34 is very high, the temperature switch 5 3 6 is turned on so that the current does not flow through the short-circuit channel 5 4 5, and the power can be supplied to the system load 538. Figure 1 (a) shows the initial state of the fuel cell 5 3 2 when the system power switch 5 4 4 is 0 f f in the case of a low ambient temperature. At this time, the temperature of the fuel cell group 534 is lower than the reference temperature. In this case, as shown in the figure, the temperature switch 5 3 6 is turned off, and the output terminal 5 4 0 and the input terminal 5 4 2 are connected. However, when the system power switch 544 is of f, no current flows in the fuel cell 532, so the battery is not consumed. Fig. 1 (b) shows a state immediately after the power switch 544 of the system is turned on, ...:, and electricity '532. Once the system power switch 544 is turned on, the current flows through

", 枓 battery 5 3 2. Here, since the temperature switch 5 3 6 is on, the short-circuit current gD 0! Flows between the output terminal 5 4 0 and the input terminal 5 4 Z by the temperature switch 5 3 6 & ^ 'The short-circuit current flows directly into the fuel cell stack 5 3 4. Therefore, repair LI ^ ^ 34 self-heating' causes the fuel cell stack 534 to be overheated, and the temperature of the fuel cell, 5 h, ^ 4 is increased. Fuel cell 5 The power generation efficiency of 32 is also due to

Page 15 1228332 V. Description of the invention The makeup performance of the fuel cell 5 3 2 at αo) degrees. If the temperature is too high, the temperature switch 536 will change to one, two and two, and the pool group 534 will overtake the base 542 and the output terminal 54. The resulting gate short-circuit current flows into the input system load 538. Thereby, ^ € ~ from the round-out terminal 540 flows into the month b to supply power to the system load 5 38. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the sound; Gu, _ unit cell structure of the battery group 534: = 1 fuel cell structure of the fuel cell shown in = 1. Each unit; ,, or what '= pool group 534 has a plurality of units t, l ^ 1 Π Q um ^ battery structure 1 0 1 is composed of a fuel electrode 102, an oxide blade 108 and a solid electrolyte membrane 114 . The purpose of the 1 08 accompany solid-state isolated plasma membrane 114 is to isolate the fuel electrode 102 from the oxidant electrode 1 08: on the same day, the hydrogen ions move between the two. Therefore, a film having a high conductivity of a solid electrode Ξ Γ Γ and Λ hydrogen ions is preferable. In addition, it is more stable than H Λ and has high mechanical strength 纟. The material constituting the solid electrolyte 14 is preferably an organic polymer having a polar group such as a strong acid group such as a sulfo group and a phosphate group, and a weak acid group such as a sulfo group. Typical examples of these organic compounds include aromatic polycondensation polymerization such as sulfonated poly (4-phenoxy & phenylhydrazone X-1,4-phenylene), alkylsulfonated polybenzimidazole, and the like. Materials; sulfo-containing perfluorocarbons (NafiON: manufactured by DuPont, trademark), Aciplex (registered trademark of Asahi Kasei Corporation, Japan) °; perfluorocarbons with unreliable radicals (Flemion S membrane: Japan Asahi Glass) The company's second volume trademark) etc. The fuel electrode 102 and the oxidant electrode 108 are composed of a fuel electrode-side catalyst layer containing carbon particles and solid electrolyte particles, respectively, and an oxidant electrode-side catalyst. The layer 1 12 is formed on the substrate 104 and the upper stomach of the substrate. The surface of the substrate 104 and the substrate 11 can also be waterproofed. 1228332 V. Description of the invention (11) Fuel electrode side catalyst layer Typical examples of catalysts for i 0 6 include the following: platinum, gold, silver, ruthenium, germanium, palladium, iron, iridium, cobalt, nickel, baht, lithium, lanthanum, or alloys containing these, etc. The catalyst on the pole side catalyst layer 1 1 2 and the fuel pole side catalyst layer 丨 〇6 can use the same The catalysts are the same as those listed above. In addition, the fuel electrode-side catalyst layers 〇6 and 112 can use the same catalyst or different catalysts. The catalyst can be listed as the carbon particles that support the catalyst. It is as follows: "Acetylene Carbide" aCk ・ Made by Japan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., registered trademark Γ, AV5lt) # 'KETJEN BUCK' Electrolyte fine particles can be used differently. Here, solid can also be used! 4 The same material as the solid electrolyte membrane 114, using a material different from the solid electrolytic fml4, or multiple materials can make: Γ; 1 dioxygen: agent Yan _ ^, etc. For porous structures, f junctions, sintered metals, and foam metallurgy, you can use f = @pair of the waterproofing place of the substrate 104 and the substrate 110. It is used as a waterproofing agent for messing up ethylene. method. When Λ Ming is concerned with the manufacture of the unit cell structure 1 G 1 of the present invention, = the solid electrolyte electrolyte membrane 1 consisting of: Γ is dissolved or dispersed in a dissolvable sheet, etc., which is a liquid that aggregates organic polymers. It was cast and dried.

Page 17 1228332 V. Description of the invention (12) The fuel electrode 102 and the oxidant electrode 108 can be obtained by the following method. First, a catalyst is carried on the carbon particles by a general dipping method. Next, the carbon particles of the carrier and the fine particles of the solid electrolyte are dispersed in a solvent, and after being pasted, they are coated on a water-repellent substrate or substrate. As for the method for applying the paste on the substrate 104 or 11 (), there are no particular limitations, and methods such as brush coating, spray coating, and screen printing can be used. After the paste is applied, for example, the heating temperature is 1000 to 2500 = the heating time is 3G seconds to 3Q minutes, and the fuel electrode 102 and the oxidant electrode 108 are prepared. The winning, borrowed fuel electrode 102 and the oxidant electrode 108 are sandwiched between solid electrolytes and hot pressed to obtain a unit cell structure 101. At this time, 1 d: the dielectric layer 106 and the oxidant electrode-side catalyst layer 112 are brought into contact with the solid electric film 1 4 1 ^ For example, when the organic polymer is used to form a solid electrolyte catalyst layer 106 and In the case of fine particles of the body electrolyte in the oxidant polar side catalyst layer 112, the above-mentioned conditions of the hot pressing can be set to the softening of these organic polymers, the gasification degree of the material, or the glass transition temperature. The temperature is 2 /, and f, for example, the temperature is 10 0 ~ 25 (TC, pressure ^ ookg / cm2, and the time is 10 seconds ~ 300 seconds. Υυ ^ Yang will be formed by the above method The unit cell structure 丨 〇ι was registered, and a plurality of unit cell structures were obtained. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ The battery cell group 534. A% of the connected fuel cells were fired in the fuel cell group 53 4 thus constituted. The fuel electrode 102 of the cell ^ is supplied with fuel 124. In addition, the oxidant electrode 126 is supplied to the oxidant electrode 108 of each unit cell structure 101. Page 18 1228332

V. Description of the invention (13) Organic fuels such as methanol, ethanol, monoethyl ether 'or other alcohols, or liquid hydrocarbons such as cyclocarbons can be used. These organic fuels are converted into an aqueous solution. The oxidant 1 2 6 can generally use air, but can also supply oxygen 0 (first embodiment type). FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a fuel cell μ 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment, the 'temperature switch 5 3 6 is constituted by a power supply control unit 5488. The fuel cell 5 3 2 includes a temperature sensor 5 4 6 in addition to the structure described with reference to FIG. 1. As the temperature sensor 546, a thermocouple, a metal-side thermoelectric capacitor, a thermistor, an IC temperature sensor, a magnetic temperature sensor, a thermopile, or a thermoelectric type temperature sensor can be used. The temperature sensor 546 can adopt various configurations according to the configuration of the fuel cell stack 534. For example, the temperature sensor is adhered to the surface of the oxidant electrode 108 at the end portion inside the fuel cell stack 534. In this way, the temperature of the end of the fuel cell stack 534 that is most susceptible to external temperature can be reflected, and good startability can be ensured. The power control unit 5 4 8 receives the k number 'from the temperature sensing state 5 4 6 via an A / D converter (not shown) and performs a current flow into the short-circuit channel 5 4 5 or the system load 5 3 according to this signal. 8 switching control. If the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 measured by the temperature sensor 5 4 6 is lower than the reference temperature, the power supply surface | control section 548 causes a current to flow into the short-circuit path 545. In this way, the short-circuit current flows into the fuel cell stack 5 34, and the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 generates heat by itself, which causes the fuel cell stack 53 4 to overheat, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 rises. If the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 5 4 6 is higher than the reference temperature, the power control

Page 19 1228332 V. Description of the Invention (14) Section 548 causes current to flow into system load 538. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 53 4 exceeds the reference temperature, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 53 2 is also improved, and sufficient power can be supplied to the system load 5 3 8. As described above, according to this embodiment, when the fuel is low and the startability of the fuel cell is poor, 7 Λ degrees, the current will not flow into the system load 5 38 with high resistance, and the short-circuit current will flow. By the internal resistance of the fuel cell itself?定 之 fuel cell stack 534. #This can quickly increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack to improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel resistance 532. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 rises to a state where sufficient power can be supplied to the system load 538, the short-circuit current can be stopped and the current can be automatically switched to flow into the system load 538. In this way, even in the circumstance where the temperature is low, the electrical device to be started can be started quickly. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fuel cell 53 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the temperature switch 5 3 6 may be made of a material that changes shape with temperature. The temperature switch 5 3 6 can adopt various configurations according to the structure of the fuel cell stack 53 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the temperature switch 5 3 6 is adhered to the surface of the oxidant electrode 08 at the end inside the fuel cell 5 3 4. This can reflect the temperature of the end of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 most likely to be affected by the external temperature, and ensure good startability. Fig. 4 (b) is an enlarged view showing the structure of the temperature switch 536 shown in Fig. 4 (a). The temperature switch 5 36 is composed of a support body 5 50, a movable conductive body 552,

Page 20 1228332 V. Description of the invention (15) Connected by "'553 and solid conductors hi. The movable conductors have different thermal expansion coefficients, such as technicians, + 棰, j Φ eight people π eyes ti, metal-to-metal connection δ to form bimetal, shape memory combination Λ: spring or heat-sensitive ferrite, etc. When the fuel cell stack is 53 degrees below the reference temperature, as shown in Figure 4 (b), it can move and conduct electricity. The contact 5 53 of the body 5 52 is in contact with the fixed conductor 5 54. As a result, the short-circuit current is in the channel 545, and the fuel cell stack 534 is overheated by itself, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 is overheated. : 1 ΐ / This 'When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 is higher than the reference temperature 2, t), the movable conductor 5 52 is deformed and left by the solid state V' —, so no current flows into the short circuit. In channel 5 45, the current from the raw battery pack 5 3 4 is supplied to the system load and the power generation efficiency of 53 2 is also improved, so it can supply this power to the system load 5 3 8. As explained above, according to this In the implementation of the fuel cell, when? And the startability of the fuel cell is not good, the current does not flow; = same The system is loaded in 53 8 so that the short-circuit current flows into the fuel cell stack 5 34 which is determined only by the internal resistance of the fuel cell itself f. This can quickly raise the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 Can increase the power generation of fuel cell 5 3 2 5 Ϊ Fuel cell stack 53 4 The temperature rises, and can supply the electric power charging knife to the system load 5 38, the short-circuit current can be stopped, and automatic, Ai replacement The current flows into the system negative 38. In this way, μ can quickly start the machine to be started ... In: solid, type, and degree switch 5 3 6 is a temperature switch 5 36 made of a material that changes shape with temperature. Itself deforms with the surrounding temperature,

1228332 V. Description of the invention (16) Switching of current flowing into fuel cell stack 5 34 or not. Therefore, the structure that can be used to drive the temperature switch 5 3 6 is more simplified. (Third embodiment) Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell system 900 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. ^ In the Ben Besch type, in addition to the structure shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell system 9 0 0 further includes a fuel electrode tank 6 6 2, a fuel supply processing section 6 7 4, a first fuel storage section 6 76a, a 2 fuel storage section 6 761), corresponding value memory section 901, control section 9 0 2, oxidant electrode tank 906, oxidant supply processing section 9 0 8 fuel supply officer 9 1 0, oxidant supply pipe 9 1 2, heater 9 1 4. The mountain is here: The dish sensor 5 4 6 can be installed on the surface of the oxidation electrode 108 located at the end of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4, inside the fuel cell stack 534, and the fuel cell stack 5 34 Surface, waste liquid circulation channel (not shown), or exhaust gas circulation channel (not shown). Alas. The control unit 902 receives a signal from the temperature sensor 546, and controls the fuel supply processing unit 674, the oxidant supply processing unit 908, and the power supply control unit 548 based on the changed numbers. The fuel supply processing unit 674 adjusts the concentration of the fuel 1 2 4 supplied to the fuel tank 6 6 2 and the supply amount thereof. The oxidant supply process 4 9 0 8 ′ is to adjust the concentration of the oxidant supplied to the oxidant electrode tank 9 6 and the supply amount. -The first fuel storage section 6 7 6 a and the second fuel storage section 6 7 6 b are fuels of different concentrations, respectively. Either the first fuel storage section 6 76a or the second fuel harvester 6 7 6 b 'can also contain alcohol-free water.

Page 22 1228332 V. Description of the invention (π) Although not shown, the fuel supply processing unit 6 7 4 may include an inverter and a pump. This pump may be provided in each of the first fuel storage portion 67 6a and the second fuel storage portion 6 7 6b. As the pump, a piezoelectric pump can be used. When a piezoelectric pump is used, the 'control section 920 changes the vibration number or voltage of the converter, thereby controlling the supply of fuel from the first fuel storage section 6-6a and the second fuel storage section 676b. In this way, the concentration and supply amount of the fuel 124 supplied to the fuel electrode tank 662 can be adjusted. The use of piezoelectric pumps and transducers as the fuel supply processing unit 6 7 4 can reduce the size and weight of the pump compared with the case of using a conventional electromagnetic pump, and can also improve its durability. It also reduces the power required to drive the pump. In addition, Sayo: Converter: Vibration number or voltage change 'can be well controlled by the pump' burning · two: supply. If the vibration number of the converter is changed, the unit time can be charged; nt ::: also changes. If 'these voltages are changed, with the change in the pressure m displacement, the amount of discharge each time will change accordingly. If you want to change one of the two, you can adjust the fuel concentration = It is better to use an anti-electric pump such as a bimorph chip type. Regarding the bimorph type (water-based hydration system of 炻 本 八 制 使用 using a Bimor pump strictly:: registered trademark), the bimorph type i electric parts manufactured by FDK Corporation, etc. As the inverter 46 1, Panasonic Electronics: · EXCF series made by the company can be used. Bubu Electronics Co., Ltd. Limited public funds The oxidant supply and processing department 908 may also include wind households. The number of rotations of a fan to control the supply of oxidant diamine and change the amount of wind. ^ Monk 9 ϋ 6 oxidant supply

1228332 V. Description of the invention (18) In this embodiment, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 measured by the temperature sensor 5 4 6 is lower than the reference temperature, the control unit 9 2 controls the power supply control. Section 5 4 8 allows current to flow into the short-circuit channel 5 4 5. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 is lower than the reference temperature, the control unit 902 performs the low temperature processing described below at the same time. That is, the corresponding value storage unit 901 memorizes the corresponding value that is referred to when performing low-temperature processing. Here, the corresponding value refers to the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4, that is, the concentration and supply amount of the fuel 1 2 4 required to be supplied to the fuel electrode tank 6 6 2 at this temperature state, and the required supply to the oxidant electrode. The supply of the oxidant 1 2 6 in the tank 9 0 6 is correlated. · The concentration of the fuel 1 2 4 to be supplied to the fuel electrode tank 6 6 2 is set such that the lower the temperature of the fuel cell stack 53 4, the higher the concentration. By increasing the concentration of the fuel 1 2 4 to promote mixing, that is, between the solid electrolyte membrane 114, the fuel 124 such as methanol supplied to the fuel electrode tank 6 62 reaches the oxidant electrode 108, so that the oxidant electrode tank 9 〇6 heating. The amount of fuel 124 required to be supplied to the fuel electrode tank 6 6 2 is set such that the lower the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4, the smaller the supply amount. Thereby, the supply speed of the fuel 124 toward the fuel electrode groove 6 6 2 can be reduced, so that the heat radiation from the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 can be reduced. In addition, the supply of the oxidant 丨 2 6 required to be supplied to the oxidant electrode tank 9 06 is set such that the lower the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4, the smaller the supply amount thereof. Thereby, the supply speed of the oxidant 丨 2 6 supplied to the oxidant electrode tank 906 can be reduced, and the oxidant electrode tank 906 can be prevented from being cooled by the oxidant 126. The control unit 9 0 2 is a fuel cell based on a temperature sensor 54 6

Page 24 1228332 V. Description of the invention (19) 5 34 temperature, and refer to the corresponding value memory section 9〇 丨 to obtain the information, the information is included in the above temperature, from the fuel supply processing section 6 7 4 required The concentration and supply amount of the supplied fuel 1 24 and the supply amount of the oxidant 126 required from the oxidant supply processing section 908. Based on the above-mentioned information, the control unit 902 controls the fuel supply processing unit 6 74 and the oxidant supply processing unit 908. Furthermore, the control unit 9 0 controls the heaters 9 1 4 and 9 1 6 to heat the fuel 1 2 4 and the oxidant 1 2 6 passing through the fuel supply pipe 9 10 and the oxidant supply pipe 9 丨 2, respectively. As described above, in the fuel cell system 900 of this embodiment, as in the description of the first embodiment, when the ambient temperature is low and the startability of the fuel cell is not ideal, the fuel cell is used. The short-circuit current specified by the internal resistance of 534 flows into the fuel cell stack 5 34, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 34 rises. In addition, when the surrounding temperature is low, the concentration of the fuel 1 2 4 supplied to the fuel cell stack 5 34 is also increased, and a mixture is generated for the heating of the fuel cell stack 5j4, so the fuel cell stack 534 can be made more effective. Promote the efficiency of power generation. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is low, the supply of fuel 1 2 4 and oxidant 1 2 6 to the fuel cell stack 5 34 is reduced to prevent the fuel cell stack 5 34 from being cooled by the fuel 24 and the oxidant 2 6. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack 534 can be effectively improved. In addition, since the fuel 124 and the oxidant 126 supplied to the fuel cell stack 534 are heated by the heater, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 can be effectively raised. Also ', in another embodiment, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 5 4 6

Page 25 jx ^ r \ on \ Vi i \ The temperature of the battery pack 534 is lower than that of the US M and W power control unit 548 and is performed; the control unit 9 ° 2 first controls and passes $ # $ # Ｍ & 新 路Treatment of channel 54 5, «-4 J« 03 ", " ^ 674 ^ ^ ^ The fuel cell stack 5 34 is short-circuited. In this way, even if the time is processed, the temperature of the fuel cell can be increased. Burst h X Γ rise and effectively burn the road to correct the problem. This' does not have to cause damage to the solid electrolyte 114 of the fuel cell stack 534, ... battery cell 534, and can make the fuel cell stack 5 The temperature of 34 rises. The wind loss is so clear that the invention has been described in detail through the above-mentioned embodiments and variations ^! However, those skilled in the art should understand that all of the < Exemplary rather than restrictive, that is, 4 does not depart from the spirit and scope of this ^ 3 Λ shell, and the above-mentioned other constituent elements and other changes and modifications of the combination of the process are the present Hair cover. The following are examples. When the structure of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is a case where a plurality of battery structures 1 1 and 1 are laminated between the diaphragms, the stringent tester 54 6 in the first embodiment can be made, or in the second embodiment Between the temperature sensor 53 and the oxidant electrode 108. "The membrane, as shown in Figure 5, the structure of the fuel cell stack 5 3 2 may include a warning 俨 j issue part 5 5 6. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is higher than the second reference level ^ or more ' A warning signal is issued by the warning signal issuing section 5 5 6. Here, the second reference temperature can be set within a range that may damage the internal circuits of the electrical appliances that are supplied by the fuel cell stack fuel cell 5 3 2 , ^

Page 26 ^ 28332

V. Description of Invention (21)

For example, from 70t to 9 ° C (the same as in the second embodiment, there is a description of the temperature switch 536), and the issue number 556 'may be a switch composed of materials that change with temperature. Here In this case, the warning signal issuing portion 556 is made of a material that changes its shape at a temperature different from that deformed by the temperature switch 53.6. X, as explained in the first embodiment It can be said that the structure of the power supply control unit 5 48 can be made such that when the temperature of the battery pack 534 is higher than the second reference temperature, the current supply to the system load 538 will be blocked. The types of electrical appliances of the fuel cell 5 32 can be set to various types, for example, if you want to send to the control neighbor of the system in the system with the control section: the sending section 5 5 6 will send a warning signal,- , ^ ^ Hunting for this, * the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 is too high ^ liters: > ^ The first control unit can take such as cooling the fuel cell stack 53 4 A t ^ ^^, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 When the temperature is lower than the second reference temperature ^ a The message processing unit 5 5 6 issues a warning signal In this way, the control unit of the system can perform the process of returning the entire system to the normal state. In addition, the 'warning signal issuing unit 556 can also block the flow from the fuel cell stack 534 to the system load 5 3 8 by issuing a warning signal. The supply of electric current. By the way, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 534 rises too much, the fuel cell 53 2 can stop power supply, 'so as not to damage the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 and so on. Also, under these circumstances' When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is lower than the second reference temperature, the warning signal issuing section 5 5 6 causes the fuel cell stack 534 and the system load

Page 27 1228332_ V. Description of the invention (22) 5 38 Connected again. As a result, the fuel cell 532 can supply power to the system load 5 3 8 again. Fig. 6 shows a circuit configuration diagram of the fuel cell 5 3 2. Here, the same temperature switch 5 6 0 as the temperature switch 5 3 6 is used to constitute a warning signal issuing portion 5 5 6. As described in relation to FIG. 1, FIG. 6 (a) shows the initial state of the fuel cell 5 3 2 when the system power switch 5 4 4 is connected to 0FF, and FIG. 6 (b) shows the system power switch on The state of the fuel cell 5 3 2 at the instant, and FIG. 6 (c) shows the fuel cell 5 3 2 when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is higher than the reference temperature. Fig. 6 (d) shows the fuel cell 5 3 2 when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 is higher than the second reference temperature. At this time, the fuel cell stack 5 34_ and the system load 5 3 8 are interrupted, so no current can flow into the system load 5 3 8. Thereby, the fuel cell 5 3 2 can stop energizing to prevent the fuel cell stack 5 3 4 and the like from being damaged. [Industrial utilization possibility] In summary, the fuel cell system according to the present invention can provide a technology that can increase the temperature of the fuel cell even when the temperature is low to improve its startability.

Page 28 1228332 Brief description of the drawings 5. [Simplified description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a circuit structure of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a unit cell of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell of FIG. 1. FIG. Fig. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows another modified example of the fuel cell shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 shows a modified example of the fuel cell shown in FIG. 5. Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Brief description of component representative symbols: 1 0 1 unit cell structure 1 0 2 fuel electrode 104 substrate 1 0 6 fuel electrode side catalyst layer I 0 8 oxidant electrode II 0 substrate 11 2 oxidant electrode side catalyst layer 11 4 solid electrolyte membrane

Page 29 1228332_ Brief description of the drawings 1 2 6 Oxidant 5 3 2 Fuel cell 5 3 4 Fuel cell stack 5 3 6 Temperature switch 5 3 8 System load 540 output terminal 542 input terminal 544 System power switch 5 4 5 Short-circuit channel 5 4 6 Temperature sensor 5 4 8 Power control unit 5 5 0 Support 5 52 Movable conductor 5 5 3 Contact 5 54 Fixed conductor 5 5 6 Warning signal issuing unit 5 6 0 Temperature switch 6 6 2 Fuel electrode tank 6 74 Fuel supply processing section 6 76a First fuel storage section 6 76b Second fuel storage section 9 0 0 Fuel cell system 9 0 1 Correspondence value storage section 9 0 2 Control section

Page 30 1228332 Brief description of the diagram 9 0 6 Oxidant electrode tank 9 0 8 Oxidant supply processing unit 9 1 0 Fuel supply pipe 9 1 2 Oxidant supply pipe 914 > 916 heater

Claims (1)

1228332 VI. Scope of Patent Application 1. A fuel cell system having a fuel cell and supplying power to a load connected to the fuel cell. The fuel cell system includes: a temperature switch that connects the fuel cell according to the temperature of the fuel cell. The load's input and output terminals are shorted or open. 2. The fuel cell system according to item 1 of the patent application scope further includes: a short-circuit path connected to the fuel cell in parallel with the load, wherein the temperature switch makes the short-circuit path connected to or disconnected from the fuel cell open. 3. If the fuel cell system of the scope of patent application No. 1 or 2, the temperature opening relationship is composed of materials that change their shape with temperature, and the input and output terminals are connected or disconnected with the change of temperature. open. _ 4. If the fuel cell system of item 2 of the patent application scope, the temperature opening relationship is composed of the following parts: a fixed conductor connected to the short-circuit channel; and a movable conductor, which changes its shape with temperature It is made of a material and comes into contact with or disengages from the fixed conductor with the temperature change. 5. The fuel cell system according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein the movable conductive system is composed of a bimetal, a shape memory alloy, a thermal expansion agent, a spring, or a thermal ferrite. 6. If the fuel cell system of item 1 or 2 of the patent scope is applied, the temperature sensor installed inside the fuel cell is included, and the temperature on relationship is based on the output signal of the temperature sensor to make the output The input terminals are shorted or open. 7. If the fuel in any one of the scope of patent application 1, 2, 4, 5 Page 32 1228332 6. The scope of the patent application battery system, in which the fuel cell is provided with a plurality of unit cells formed by a fuel electrode with a solid electrolyte interposed therebetween. The relationship between the openness and the profitability depends on the short circuit or open circuit between the input and output terminals of the oxidant electrode arranged at the end of the 5th helium battery.皿 Another violation 8. If the battery system in the scope of application for patents i, 2, 4, and 5, the towel, the temperature switch, when the burning page / _ is expected to be at the reference temperature, will be connected to the load The short between the input and output terminals ^ Γί: When the temperature of the battery is higher than the reference temperature, the output and input terminals are 9. If the fuel cell system of item 8 of the patent application, the reference temperature is -1 or above 35 is below it. 8 ^ 10. If the fuel cell system in the scope of patent application No. 8 is applied, the oath signal issuing unit will issue a warning when the temperature of the fuel cell is above the second reference temperature of high temperature. Base 11. If the scope of the patent application is No. 1, 2, 4, and 5 顼 φ H, a battery: system, wherein the fuel cell includes a fuel electrode and an oxidation :: The fuel cell system further includes: '' a fuel supply processing section, The place where the fuel is supplied to the fuel electrode, and the control unit controls the fuel supply place according to the temperature of the fuel cell, and adjusts the concentration of the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode. '12. The fuel cell system according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein, when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than a predetermined temperature, the fuel cell system is set to supply according to the temperature of the ",,,,, and The fuel concentration of the fuel electrode; and Page 33, Patent Application Scope Tian. When the temperature of the fuel cell exceeds a predetermined temperature, the concentration of the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode is set to the predetermined concentration. ^ 1 3 · The fuel cell system according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, in which. The control unit controls the fuel supply unit according to the temperature of the fuel cell, and further adjusts the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel electrode. ^ 14 · If the fuel cell system of item 11 of the patent application scope further includes a chemical agent supply processing section, the control section for supplying the oxidant to the oxidant electrode 4 The control unit controls the oxidant electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell, The amount of the oxidant supplied to the oxidant electrode was adjusted. 15. If the fuel cell system according to item No. u of the patent application applies to a more inclusive heater, the oxidant of the fuel electrode 16. If applied to the fuel, 17 · — a type with a fuel cell; the fuel power, so that it is connected to 18 As stated in the method, when the access terminal is short, the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode or at least one of the oxidized is heated. The fuel cell system according to item 11 of the patent, wherein the fuel of the battery is a liquid fuel. A method of using a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system, and a method of supplying power to a negative battery system connected to the fuel cell are based on the temperature of the fuel cell to read a short circuit or open circuit between the input and output terminals of the load. Please use the fuel cell system in item 17 of the patent scope: Ignition: ί = The temperature is lower than the reference temperature, which makes the circuit, and the temperature of Dangyuan fuel cell is higher than the reference temperature Page 34 1228332___ 6. When the scope of patent application is applied, the input and output terminals are interrupted. 19. The method of using a fuel cell system according to item 17 or 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein the fuel cell includes a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode; the method of using the fuel cell system further includes the following steps: The temperature is to set the concentration of the fuel to be supplied to the fuel electrode. The fuel having the concentration set in the step of setting the concentration is supplied to the fuel electrode. 20. The method of using a fuel cell system according to item 19 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of supplying fuel to the fuel electrode includes: when the temperature of the fuel cell is lower than a predetermined temperature, setting the concentration at the concentration _ The predetermined step is to set a fuel with a concentration to be supplied to the fuel electrode. When the temperature of the fuel cell exceeds a predetermined temperature, the fuel cell is supplied with the fuel at a predetermined concentration regardless of the temperature of the fuel cell. 21. The method of using a fuel cell according to item 19 of the scope of patent application, further comprising the step of setting the amount of fuel supplied to the fuel electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell: the step of supplying fuel to the fuel electrode Here, the amount of fuel set in the step of adjusting the amount of fuel is supplied to the fuel electrode. 22. The method of using the fuel cell system according to item 19 of the patent application scope further includes the following steps: Set the amount of oxidant supplied to the oxidant electrode according to the temperature of the fuel cell; Set the amount of oxidant in the step Page 35 1228332 6. Scope of patent application Supply to the oxidant electrode. 2 3. The method for using a fuel cell system according to item 19 of the patent application scope, further comprising the following steps: heating at least one of the fuel supplied to the fuel electrode or the oxidant supplied to the oxidant electrode. Page 36