TW496750B - Multishaft column - Google Patents

Abstract

A column for separating mixtures of at least three components, comprising an outer wall (1) bounding the interior space of the column and at least one column lid (5) and also a plurality of subchambers (3, 4) opening at one end into the interior space of the column and extending over part of the longitudinal dimension of the column, where one subchamber is configured as a feed chamber (3) into which the mixture to be separated is fed, and at least one combining chamber (8) which adjoins the opening of at least two subchambers (3, 4) which is directed into the interior space of the column, wherein the mixture to be separated is fed into the feed chamber (3) at a point which is at a distance from the open end of the feed chamber (3) so that the feed chamber is configured as an absorption column (3a) in the section adjoining the feed point on one side and is configured as a stripping column in the section (3b) adjoining the feed point on the other side, can be used for fractionating multicomponent mixtures to give purer fractions, with the equipment costs and energy consumption being reduced compared to columns connected in series.

Description

496750 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (i) The present invention relates to a tower for separating a mixture of at least three components, which includes an outer wall defining a range of inner space of the tower and at least one tower cover, and Many auxiliary tanks which can enter the interior space of the tower from one end and extend beyond part of the tower length. One of the auxiliary tanks is designed as a feed tank, and the mixture to be separated is fed into it, and at least one adjoins at least two towards the A mixing tank with an open side tank in the internal space of the tower. Fractionation of multi-component mixtures with the aid of many sequentially connected columns is expensive in terms of equipment and instruments. If it is sought to divide the mixture into nearly pure fractions, this high expenditure on the installation item is necessary. It is particularly difficult to obtain a composition composed of a medium-boiling substance and having little or no contamination with a high-boiling fraction. In order to reduce the cost of the installation, EP 0 755 707 Α1 proposes a multi-axis tower 'whose internal space is divided into two auxiliary grooves located on the upper or lower half of the tower by means of vertical partition walls. The auxiliary groove extends from the bottom of the tower or the tower cover through a part of the tower's length and is open from one end to enter the inner space of the tower. Depending on the partition wall extending from the tower cover or from the bottom of the tower to the interior space of the tower, a multi-shaft tower having two absorption towers and one stripping tower or two stripping towers and one absorption tower can be obtained. The sub-tanks each have their own condenser or carburetor. The mixture to be separated is fed in via a feed line, where the feed line is located adjacent to the upper or lower end of the partition wall. First, the description will be continued on the fractionation of the ternary mixture by the multi-shaft column device having two absorption columns and one lift column described in EP 0755 707 A1. For the purpose of further explanation, the component with the highest boiling point in the mixture is considered to be a high boiling point, the component with the lowest boiling point is a low boiling point, and the boiling point is -4- This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------- i ---- install -------- order --------- line jjp (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) 496750 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Medium boiling point between the boiling points of high boiling point and low boiling point. The ternary mixture is fed into the secondary tank from the lower end near one of the secondary tanks. Relatively high middle and high boiling points condense from the updraft. The condensate flows down and is collected on a partition separating the feed tank at the bottom and the stripping zone of the column. The condensate enters the column stripping zone from the feed tank through an opening at the lower end of the dividing wall. The condensate continues to flow downwards, where the intermediate boiling point with the lower boiling point is vaporized by the rising hot gas. Condensate rich in high boiling point is collected at the lower end of the column. It was removed from the column and partially vaporized by means of a vaporizer. The vaporized gas phase is then sent under the tower and flies upwards, where the relatively high boiling point is condensed by the downward flowing condensate. The more volatile mid-boiling point in the upflow rises into the second absorption zone of the column, and the remainder of the middle stagnation point is taken out from the top of the second sub-tank and condensed. No gas connection is provided between the stripping zone of the tower and the first absorption zone of the tower designed as a feed tank. Therefore, the low-boiling point cannot be completely separated in the first tank. This is why the middle-boiling point components taken out from the top of the second absorption tower are still contaminated by the low-boiling point. In the example of a multi-shaft column structure having two stripping zones and one absorption zone and therefore two sub-tanks below the column, the middle-boiling fraction is contaminated with high-boiling substances. In this example, 'a ternary mixture consisting of high boiling point, middle boiling point and low boiling point was sent to the first stripping zone designed as a feed tank. This ternary mixture is mainly liquid. Low and medium stagnation materials that are more volatile in this feed tank are vaporized and pass through openings in the partition wall separating the top of the feed tank into the absorption zone on the tower. The opening in the partition only allows gas to pass from the feed tank into the absorption zone on the tower, but does not allow any liquid phase from the absorption zone J -5- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Love) ----,-^ ---- install -------- order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION C passes through the feed tank. For this reason, the amount of azimuth carried by the gas stream entering the absorption zone of the tower from the feed tank condenses and contaminates the middle boiling point fraction in the second sub-tank with the zhongpei dot. The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-spindle column device capable of obtaining a relatively pure middle boiling point fraction. We have found that this object can be achieved in a multi-axis tower for separating a mixture of at least three components, wherein the tower includes an outer wall defining the inner space range of the tower and at least one tower cover, and many openings into the tower from one end The space extends across part of the tower's long auxiliary tank, one of which is designed as a feed tank, the mixture to be separated is sent into it, and at least one adjacent auxiliary tank facing at least two of the internal space of the tower Open mixing tank, in which the mixture to be separated is fed into the feeding tank at a distance from the open end of the feeding tank, so that the feeding tank is designed as an absorption tower in the area adjacent to the side of the feeding point and adjoins The area on the other side of the feed point is designed as a stripper. The self-separated mixture is fed into the feed tank from a distance from the open end of the feed tank. 'The feed tank is designed as an absorption tower in the area adjacent to the feed point and on the other side adjacent to the feed point. The area is designed as a stripping tower. Because of the absorption or stripping zone in the feed tank, the fractions with the highest or lowest boiling point and separated in the feed zone are not taken into the other tanks of the tower. Each fraction undergoes better separation. Therefore, in many examples of the absorption zone, no or only a small amount of high boiling point fraction is incorporated in the low boiling point component, or in many examples of the stripping zone, no or only a small amount of low boiling point fraction is incorporated in the high boiling point component. As a result, a relatively pure middle boiling point fraction can be obtained. The sub-tanks in this tower can be operated independently of each other. Therefore, the pressure or temperature at the top of each sub-tank is -6 · This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -Packing --- ----- Order --------- Line 1 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 496750 A7 --------- B7_ _ V. Description of the invention (4) May be appropriate Materials or fillers, and the pressure and temperature at the top of other sub-tanks will not inevitably change. As a result, there are more degrees of freedom for a particular separation problem than, for example, in the example of a dividing wall tower. For the purpose of the present invention, the open end of the feed tank is the open end of the feed tank facing the internal space, through which gas and liquid are switched with other tanks. The mixing tank is an area in the tower that adjoins the auxiliary grooves in the interior space of the tower and extends beyond the openings of at least two auxiliary groove areas entering the interior of the tower. Absorb a part of the θ feed tank, which adjoins the place where the mixture to be separated is introduced into the feed tank along the upward hot gas direction. The stripping zone is a part of the feed tank, which adjoins the feed tank where the mixture to be separated is introduced in the direction of the downwardly flowing condensate. The continuous reconstruction of the equilibrium between the liquid and gas phases occurs with temperature in the absorption and stripping zones, with the result that the mixture is separated. In contrast to the multi-axis column described in EP 0 755 707, the X exchange of the gas phase and the liquid phase occurs between the feed tank and the adjacent mixing tank in the multi-axis column of the present invention. This is 眞 in the example where the upper half of the tower is formed into a plurality of sub-grooves and in the case where the lower half of the tower is composed of many sub-grooves. The multi-axis column of the present invention does not have a baffle plate as described in EP 0 755 707, wherein the baffle plate is used to divert the condensed phase when the feed tank is designed as an absorption tower or when When the feed tank is designed as a stripper, it is used to divert the cold gas phase, so that the opposite direction: the amount transfer occurs. For example, when the open end of the feed tank is separated by a partition device, there is an exchange connection line between the feed tank and the mixing tank to exchange the liquid phase with the gas phase. This partition can be designed in this example, such as a blister panel. The exchange of liquid and gas phases generally occurs freely under the action of gravity or by convection. For specific paper sizes, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) is applicable ------ rtf Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page} •-— — — — —-11111111 · Language Printed by the Employees 'Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 496750 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) The external phase can be used to force these phases to exchange. This is the case, for example, if different pressures prevail in the various chambers, for example, one of the components of the mixture can only be heated to a specific temperature. In this example, a pump is provided on the exchange connection for the liquid phase to force the liquid phase to move. An identical throttling device is provided on the exchange connection for the gas phase. In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary grooves are arranged in a concentric manner. In this example, 'is formed as the outermost sub-groove from the hopper, which abuts the inside of the outer wall of the tower. Different temperatures and pressures are common in the auxiliary tank. This affects the% expansion of the tower material in different places. The concentric arrangement of the auxiliary grooves can greatly avoid the tower from being distorted or oppressed. In another specific example, the partition wall is connected to the inside of the outer wall of the tower along at least one of its long sides. Then the partition wall combined with the outer wall of the tower, if necessary, and other partition walls form each sub-groove. In all specific examples, the liquid exchange phenomenon no longer occurs between the sub-tanks juxtaposed in the horizontal direction and mass transfer is performed only through the gas phase. This dividing wall is usually planar. However, to resist distortion of the partition wall due to different temperatures on different sides, a specific example of the present invention provides a curved partition wall. There is also a partition in the tower, which is located in at least part of the auxiliary tank. Such separators are known, for example, from US 4,230,533. This partition is generally designed as a metal plate to form a slot chamber with openings at the top and bottom of the tower in the longitudinal axis direction. This separator performs a satisfactory separation, especially in cases where the boiling points of the components of the mixture differ widely. Especially in the case of mixtures containing more than three ingredients, therefore, they provide a method for those skilled in the art to achieve simple fractionation of mixtures. 8- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). ----------- Installation .------- Order --------- ^ 9— (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 496750 A7 B7 5 (6) Method 'if the mixture has sufficient boiling point difference. This partition can constitute many departments. This allows it to fit the tower in a simple manner to solve specific separation problems by adjusting the tower's length. In addition, the sectorized structure has the advantage of higher mobility of the partition plate, that is, the stress accumulated due to the expansion of the partition wall due to the difference in temperature is less. It is best to hold these departments together by at least one connecting rod. Place connecting rods to ensure that these sections are sufficiently mobile to resist the build-up of stress. Furthermore, in order to resist the accumulation of stress, the tower is preferably suspended in the air by a tower cover. Tian 1J tanks or mixing tanks can have irregular packings, regular packings, contents, or knife trays. It may also be an active filler that allows one or more substances to react during a set distillation. Various forms of irregular packing, regular packing or contents can be mixed in the sub-tank in any desired manner 'and the column is therefore suitable for solving specific separation problems. The biggest advantage of the multi-axis% of the present invention is that different pressures can be applied to the tops of each auxiliary groove. In this way, the temperature at the top of each sub-tank is also affected. This makes it possible to reduce the temperature, for example, when separating temperature-sensitive materials. The column can also be designed to fractionate a mixture containing more than four components. For this purpose, a number of dividing walls with different lengths are provided. This partition is designed to provide a zone between successive tank chambers in which the residues of the separated substances in the previous (in the direction of increasing temperature) tank chambers are separated from the mixture to be separated. Therefore, the lengths of the partition walls placed next to each other decrease with the rising direction of the boiling point of the components separated from the mixture. -9-This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Packing ^^ 111111 · Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7

V. Description of the Invention (7) Next, the present invention will be described by referring to the drawings. In the figure: Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the entire multi-axis tower according to the present invention. Figs. 2a-m show a longitudinal section of various specific examples of the multi-axis tower according to the present invention. Figs. Arranged sectional view 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the entire multi-axis tower according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a 777 vertical sectional view of a specific example of the multi-axis tower according to the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a detailed structure of the auxiliary groove. Fig. 1 shows a multi-axis column for fractionating a mixture of low-boiling fraction, middle-boiling fraction and high-boiling fraction, in which the boiling point of the middle-boiling fraction is somewhat returned to that of the low-boiling fraction. The tower has an outer wall, which surrounds the inner space of the tower. In the upper half of the tower, the internal space is divided into a feed tank 3 and a sub tank 4 by means of a partition plate 2. This partition wall 2 forms a seal against the tower cover 5, so that the mass transfer between the feed tank 3 and the sub-tank 4 can only be performed via the open ends 6 and 7 towards the inside of the tower. The bottoms of the feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4 are connected by the mixing tank 8, where the cross section of the mixing tank 8 covers the cross sections of the feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4. The mixture to be fractionated is fed into a feed tank 3 of the column via a feed line 9. This feed line 9 is located at a distance of 6 from the open end 6 of the feed tank 3. Below the mixing tank 8, there is a bottom outlet 10 'through which high-boiling fractions are taken out and flowed to a vaporizer (not shown). Part of the high-boiling fractions are refluxed into the column via the steam inlet i1. At the top of the feed tank 3 is a steam outlet 12 through which the gas phase flows into a condenser (not shown). At least part of the condensed liquid phase is recirculated to the feed tank 3 via the line 13. There is a steam outlet 1 4 at the top of the auxiliary tank 4, and the gas phase passes -10-. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -----: 1 # ▲ (Please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and fill in this page again)-1-Order --------- Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 496750 A7 ._ B7 1- ----------- 5. Description of the invention (8) The steam outlet flows from the auxiliary tank 4 to the condenser (not shown). At least part of the condensed liquid phase is returned to the sub-tank 4 via the circulation line 5. The = shaft shown is designed as a blister tray tower in a mixing tank 8. The feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4 each have an intermediate tray 6 ', wherein the intermediate tray has an opening 17 for gas and liquid exchange. The feed trough area 3a between the intermediate trays 16 and between the feed line 9 and the open end 6 has contents, separation trays, regular packing or irregular packings 18. These may be different for the feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4. The mixture to be separated is fed into the feed tank 3 via a feed line 9 in the form of steam or liquid phase. The gas phase components flying upward in the feed tank 3 and the relatively high-wet components can be condensed out by the liquid phase flowing downward in the opposite direction. The area 3a adjacent to the top of the feed tank 3 serves as an absorption tower. The gas phase, which does not contain any relatively high-boiling components, is discharged from the tower cover 5 of the column via the steam outlet 12. Allow to flow to a cold & reactor (not shown) and condense at least partially in it. At least a part of the condensed liquid phase flows back to the feed tank 3 via the circulation line 3. The liquid phase flows down through the feed tank 3 and through the opening 17 of the intermediate tray 16. On the way down, the more volatile components are vaporized from the downward liquid phase with rising hot gas. This liquid phase flows further downwards until it finally passes through the feed point 9. The area 3b of the feed tank 3 located below the feed point 9 serves as a stripper. The gas that flows upward from the mixing tank 8 through the open end 6 of the feed tank 3 and flows into the feed tank 3 is vaporized and the components in the liquid phase that flow downward are still volatile. When the liquid phase flowing down through the feed tank 3 passes through the open end 6 of the feed tank 3, this liquid is mainly free of easily volatile components. This liquid phase enters the mixing tank 8 and on its way downward ', the volatile components are vaporized by the upward hot gas. The liquid phase continues to flow down through the openings in the blister tray 19 until it is finally collected at the bottom of the column. -11-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love).----------- Order --------- (Please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and fill in this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agricultural 496750 A7 --___ Β7 _____ V. Description of the Invention (9) The liquid phase system containing no relatively low boiling point components is discharged from the tower through the bottom outlet And at least part of it flows to the carburetor (not shown). At least a portion of the liquid phase is a mixture that is at least partially vaporized and returned to the tower via the steam inlet. 丨 At least the part of the A-phase liquid phase recirculation may be purely in the form of a cylinder or may have two phases, including Liquid and gas composition. This gas component flies upward and passes through the blister tray via the lamp cover 20. The relatively high boiling point is condensed from the rising gas in the opposite direction by the liquid phase flowing down. At the upper end of the mixing tank, the hot gas enters the secondary tank 4 of the feed tank 3. The less volatile components continue to condense out by the liquid phase flowing down from the top in the opposite direction. In the feed tank, the material corresponding to the middle boiling point fraction in the following is completely condensed on its upward path, wherein the middle boiling point fraction has a higher boiling point than the low boiling point material separated in the feed tank. . Only the gaseous material completely free of low-boiling fractions enters the auxiliary tank 4 upward. This gaseous substance flies upward in the sub-tank 4 and condenses out the relatively boiling components by the liquid phase flowing down in the opposite direction. At the top of the sub-tank 4, the gaseous material is discharged through the steam outlet 18 and flows into the condenser (not shown). At this point at least part of the gaseous substance is condensed 'and at least part of the liquid phase is returned to the sub-tank 4 via the return line 15. This liquid phase continues to flow down through the sub-tank 4 and the relatively volatile components are once again vaporized from the hot gas rising from the liquid phase. At the same tip pressure, the temperatures at the tip of the feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4 are different. The temperature at the top of the feed tank 3 is lower than the temperature at the top of the sub tank 4. The position of the feed line 9, that is, the distance from the open end 6 of the feed tank 3 is between the boiling point of the low boiling point fraction discharged through the steam outlet 12 and the middle boiling point fraction discharged through the steam outlet 14 The temperature difference was measured. The smaller the temperature difference, the more advanced. -12- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297) ----- AWI ^ -------- ^ --- ( (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 496750 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) The distance between the feed line 9 and the open end 6 of the feed tank 3 must be greater or the separation performance of the content must be greater. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing specific examples of the multi-axis tower according to the present invention for various separation problems. The variation described in Figure 2a is equivalent to the specific example described in Figure 丨 Figure 2b is equivalent to the separation of three fractions named low boiling point (A), high boiling point and middle boiling point (B). Specific examples of the mixture. The boiling point of the intermediate stagnation point B is between the beach points of the low boiling point a and the high boiling point c, and it is closer to the boiling point of the high boiling point C. The mixture to be separated is fed into a feed tank 3 via a feed line 9. The downward liquid phase and relatively volatile components are vaporized by the rising hot gas. The area 3b at the bottom adjacent to the feed tank 3 of the feed point 9 serves as a stripper. The liquid phase, which now contains only high-boiling substances, is collected at the bottom of the feed tank 3 and discharged from the column via the outlet line 2 丨. At least a portion of the liquid phase enters the vaporizer 22 and is at least partially vaporized again. The gas or possibly two-phase material is returned via the steam circulation line 23 to the feed tank 3 where the hot gas flies upward. Components with relatively high stagnation points are once again condensed from the hot gas by the downward flowing liquid. The rising hot gas passes through the feed point 9. In the area 3 & located above the feed point 9 and adjacent to the feed tank 3 of the absorption tower, the 'high lag point c' still exists in the gas mixture, for example, it has left the feed line 9 $ feed The high stagnation point C is condensed by the liquid substance flowing down from the mixing tank 8. When the hot gas enters the mixing tank 8 from the feed tank 3, the gas phase does not contain high boiling point C. The hot gas composed of medium-boiling point B and low-boiling point A continues to fly upward in mixing tank 8, and medium-boiling point with relatively high medium-boiling point -13- This paper is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 °). X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Binding ---- Order --------- Employees 'Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy employees' consumption Cooperative printed 496750 Α7 _____ Β7 __, __ 5. Description of the invention (11) The point B is condensed by the liquid flowing downward in the opposite direction. At the top of the column, the hot gas from the low stagnation point A, which does not contain the stagnation point B, is discharged through the steam outlet 24 and enters the condenser 25. This hot gas is at least partially condensed, and the condensate is returned to the mixing tank 8 through the circulation line 26. Part of the condensed low-boiling fraction a can be taken out through the outlet 27. The condensed liquid flows down in the mixing tank 8 and the relatively more volatile components are once again vaporized by the upward flowing hot gas. During its downward flow, the liquid phase enters the feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4. As a result of the liquid entering the feed tank 3, the existing boiling point c is condensed from the upward gas and at the same time, the relatively volatile intermediate stagnation point B and the low stagnation point A present in the liquid are vaporized. A portion of the downwardly flowing liquid entering the sub-tank 4 continues to downwardly flow, and the relatively volatile components are once again vaporized by the upwardly flowing hot gas. A pure liquid middle boiling point fraction is collected at the bottom of the sub-tank 4, which can be discharged from the sub-tank 4 via an outlet line 28. Part of the discharged liquid middle boiling point B passes through the vaporizer 29 and at least a portion of it is vaporized again. This part then flows back to the auxiliary tank 4 via the steam feed line 30. Partially pure middle boiling point fraction B can be taken out via the outlet 31. The hot gas recirculated to the auxiliary tank via the steam feed line 30 flies upward, and the less volatile intermediate stagnation point B is once again condensed by the liquid flowing downward from the top. The specific examples of the tower shown in Figures 2a and 2b represent two types of basic separation: 2 placed in the upper half of the tower (Figure 2 &) or in the lower half of the tower (Figure 2b). Wanfa. The specific examples selected from these two methods depend on the positions of the intermediate stagnation point 上 upper point relative to the boiling points of the high boiling point C and the low boiling point A. When the stagnation point of the right middle Wei point B is closer to the stagnation point of the low stagnation point A, then -14- & Zhang scale is applicable iii ^^ s) A4 specifications ⑽χ 297 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) -------- Order --------- Printed by the Five Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Invention Description (12 suitable for the specific example shown in Figure 2a, of which The feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank 4 are located in the upper part of the child tower. If the boiling point of the middle boiling point B is closer to the boiling point of the high boiling point C, a specific example of the tower shown in FIG. 2b is suitable. In order to fractionate a multi-component mixture, that is, a mixture having many boiling point distillates, the specific examples shown in Figures 2a and 2b can be combined in any desired manner. Figure 2c shows four components, namely two low boiling points (A, B) is a specific example of a mixture of two high-boiling substances (D, C). Fraction A has the lowest boiling point, followed by fraction B, fraction c, and finally, residual residue D with the highest boiling point. In order to effectively separate the remaining mixture, according to the present invention, the feed point 9 must first be located at a distance from the open end 6 of the feed tank 3 and secondly The partition walls 2 and 2 a must cover at least part of their length. Via the feed line 9, the low distillate A, the middle boiling point b with a relatively low boiling point, the middle boiling point C with a relatively high stagnation point, and the high boiling point are connected. The four-component mixture of D is fed into the feed tank 3. As described in the specific example of FIG. 1, the feed mixture is separated into the low boiling point a and the stagnation point which can be taken out from the top in the feed tank 3. A mixture of components B, C, and D. The liquid mixture of components B, C, and D flowing down from the top flows into the first mixing tank, where the components B and C, which have relatively low beach points, are vaporized there. As in the specific example described in FIG. 1, the high stagnation fraction D of the mixture is collected at the bottom of the first mixing tank 32. The gas components D and C fly upwards into the feed tank 3 like hot gas, where they are again The downflowing liquid is condensed. The other part of the gas f components C and D enters the intermediate channel 3 3, and the gas high point D which is still present is condensed by the downflowing liquid from the second mixing tank 34. From Intermediate pass 3 3, gas mixture without any low boiling point A and high boiling point D therefore enters -15- Paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Binding --- 496750 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (13) In the second mixing tank 34. The hot gas mixture rises upward, and the less volatile components are condensed out by the liquid flowing down from the top to the second mixing tank. Therefore, it can be taken out from the top of the second mixing tank. Pure middle-boiling fraction B. This part is condensed and returned to the second mixing tank. The liquid phase flows downward, and the relatively volatile components are once again vaporized by the rising gas stream. The liquid continues to flow downward and first enters the intermediate channel 3 3 and then into the first mixing tank 32. Here, the relatively volatile component B & c is once again vaporized and returned to the second mixing tank 34 with the gas stream. The other part of the liquid phase flowing down from the second mixing tank 34 into the auxiliary tank 4, where the relatively volatile substance B is once again vaporized by the upward hot rolling. The relatively high-boiling middle-boiling fraction c is collected at the bottom of the sub-tank 4 and can be taken out of the column. As shown in the specific example shown in Fig. 2b, part of the fraction C is re-evaporated and recirculated to the sub-tank as a hot gas stream. The fractionation procedure referred to in the description can be applied to various mixtures that vary with the boiling point of each component. . Figure 2d shows a device that can be used for low boiling point A, medium boiling point B with a relatively high boiling point, medium boiling point c with a boiling point higher than medium boiling point B, and high boiling point D. The boiling points of components A, B and c are closer than the distance to the boiling point of the high boiling point D. A gas mixture mainly containing components A, B, c, and D is fed into a feed tank 3 via a feed line 9. Here, as described in the specific example shown in Figure 丨, the low boiling point A is separated. The liquid containing components B, C and D 妁 flows downward in the feed tank 3 and flows into the region 35 of the mixing tank. This area extends from the lower end of the partition wall 2 to the lower end of the partition wall 2 a. The mid-boiling point b existing in the region 35 is vaporized by the rising hot gas. The hot air flows into the feed tank 3, where they re-condensate and flow into the sub-tank. -16- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ---------- -Equipment -------- Order --------- ^ 9. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 496750 A7 B7 5 4. Description of the invention (14) 4a, in which the hot gas of component B flies upwards and takes out from the top; part of the gas component B taken out of the tower condenses and returns to the auxiliary tank 4a. The amount of the high boiling point components D and C is condensed from the upward flow by the downward liquid phase. Therefore, the component B taken out from the top of the sub-tank 4a is not contaminated by the components A, c, and D. The condensed components D and C continue to flow downward from the region 35, and the more volatile component C is vaporized by the rising hot gas. Therefore, the pure high boiling point component D is collected at the bottom of the mixing tank 8 and can be discharged from the bottom of the column. Part of the high boiling point component D is at least partially vaporized and refluxed into the column. The component c vaporized from the downward liquid phase flies upward as hot gas, wherein it recondenses again in the area 35 or continues to fly upward in the sub-tank 4b and can be taken out from the top as a pure fraction c. Figure 2e shows a device that can be used for low-boiling point a, high-boiling point 0, and two middle-boiling points B and C. The middle-boiling point c has a higher boiling point than the middle-boiling point B's stagnation point. The boiling points of the medium boiling points b and c are closer to the boiling points of the high boiling point 0 than to the boiling points of the low boiling point A. A liquid mixture mainly composed of low boiling point a, middle boiling points B and C, and high boiling point D is fed into a feed tank 3 via a feed line 9. The feed point 9 is located at a distance of 6 from the open end of the feed tank 3. As in the specific example of Fig. 2b, the liquid mixture flows downward, and the components A, b, and c are vaporized from the liquid phase by the rising hot gas. The high boiling point D liquid is collected at the bottom of the feed tank 3, and like other specific examples, it can be discharged from the feed tank 3 and partially recycled to the feed tank 3 in a gaseous form. The gas mixture of ingredients A, B and C flies upwards as a hot gas stream and flows from the feed tank 3 into the area 35. The component with the highest boiling point, that is, the middle boiling point C is condensed from the liquid mixture by the liquid phase flowing downward. (Fill in this page again)

496750 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The description of the invention (15) is collected and collected at the bottom of the auxiliary tank 4a. From there, pure middle boiling point c can be taken from the column. From the region 35 of the mixing tank 8, the gas component a & b rises to the top of the column, and the component B is condensed by a liquid phase flowing downward from the top. Therefore, the middle Buddhist fraction B is collected at the bottom of the sub-tank 4b, from which the pure middle boiling fraction B can be taken out. Finally, pure low boiling point fraction a is obtained from the top. This is at least partially condensed and the at least partially condensed low boiling point fraction A is recycled to the mixing tank 8. It has been explained that the multi-axis column according to the invention can be used for three-component mixtures (Fig. 2a, b) and for four-component mixtures (Fig. 2c, d, e). As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, the multi-axis tower of the present invention can also be designed for use with mixtures containing more than four components. In this example, there are a relatively large number of dividing walls, and their positions, i.e., in the upper or lower half of the tower, are measured by the difference between the boiling points of the components in the mixture. It is important that the open end of a single tank is adjacent to the distillation zone 'wherein the residue of the separated components in this tank can be separated from the mixture before the mixture enters the next tank. In Figure 2 (^), this steaming hall area is equivalent to the area 3 5 of the auxiliary tank 4 a, in which the residue of the middle boiling point b can be removed from the mixture. In the feed tank, the same function is provided by the The area between the material point and the open end of the feed tank is completed. In the example of the device shown in FIG. 2a, the residue of the “boiling point A” or in the example of the device shown in FIG. 2b. The residue can be separated from the mixture. The auxiliary tank does not always have to extend from the top or bottom of the tower. Figure 2f shows a type of feed tank 3 'with its closed end 3 6 located off the top of the tower along the longitudinal axis. Or a distance from the tower cover 5. The position of the feed line entering the feed tank according to the present invention can also be tied to the partition plate.-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ( Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Binding ---- order A7 ----______ B7__ V. Description of the invention (16). For the purpose of the present invention, the partition is a direction along the longitudinal axis Divided metal plate placed in the tower, and it can produce a direction in the top of the tower and (please read the note on the back first) Please fill in this page again) The direction of Tachen is an open area. Specific examples of metal plates with partitions are shown in Figures 2g to i. Printed in Figure 2g by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Line 9 pours a mixture of four ingredients into the feed tank 3. As described in Fig. 2a, the mixture is first separated into the low-boiling point a discharged from the top of the feed tank 3 and in a coagulated form The components with higher boiling points b, c and D flowing out of the feed tank 3 downward. They enter the first zone 3 8 ', which extends along the longitudinal axis from the lower end of the partition wall 2 to the lower end of the partition 37 and its side The side is surrounded by the outer wall 1 and the partition plate 37. At this point, Wang wants the component B and a specific proportion of the component c to be vaporized by the rising hot gas, where the boiling point of the component C is higher than that of the component B. The components B and B are not included. The liquid phase of c flows into the first zone 3 9 'This zone is connected to the first zone 38 at the lower end of the partition 37 along the longitudinal axis. The bottom of the second zone 39 is placed at the bottom of the tower. As the phase flows further down, the volatile components evaporate from it, so the pure high-boiling fraction D is collected at the bottom. It can be taken out from the tower. The gas phase mainly consists of the residues of the middle boiling point c and the south stagnation point D. The hot gas enters the first zone 3 8 'where the gas component c is partially condensed again, or it is more volatile. The ingredients fly upwards through the more volatile gaseous material from the feed tank 3 through the third zone 40 into the fourth zone 41, wherein the sides of the third zone are surrounded by the partition wall 2 and the partition 37 And it is open at the top and bottom. The fourth area 41 extends from the upper end of the partition 37 to the top of the tower and its sides are surrounded by the partition wall 2 and the outer wall 1. In the fourth area 41, the The non-volatile components are condensed out by the downward liquid phase, so it is preferable from the top of the fourth zone 4 1 -19- This paper size is based on the standard + CNS A4 (210 X 297 public love) 496750 A7- ----- B7____ 5. Description of the invention (17) The middle boiling point fraction B is produced. The less volatile components, the main part of which is the mid-boiling point C 'flows downward and enters the third zone 40, and when they are further down, they are vaporized again, or enter the fifth zone 42, the side of this zone It is surrounded by the partition 37 and the outer wall 1 and is open at the top and bottom. In the fifth zone 4 2 ', a hot gas phase mainly composed of the component c enters from the bottom. It rises through the fifth zone 42 and can be removed from the tower via the outlet 43. Only when there are sufficient differences between the stagnation points of s-negative B and C 'can the specific implementation shown in Figure 2 be used. If the difference is too small or the length of the separator 37 is insufficient, it must be accepted that the middle boiling point fraction C is contaminated by the middle boiling point fraction B or the high boiling point fraction D. In a method similar to the specific example shown in Figs. 2c to 2e, depending on the difference in the boiling point and the absolute value of the boiling point, different arrangements of the partition plates 37 and the sub-tank 4 can be selected. The component withdrawn from the middle of the column must have a sufficiently large boiling point difference from the component with the closest boiling point. In the specific example shown in Figures 2h and i, the mixture is not directly fed into the feed tank. The lowest boiling point component A is separated first, while the higher stagnation components B to D or B to E flow down. For the purpose of the present invention, the feed tank in these specific examples is a tank chamber formed by the lower end of the partition plate 37. The places where the feed enters the feed tank according to the present invention are shown in Figs. 2h and i with reference numeral 9, respectively. In these specific examples, an absorption zone and a stripper are also formed in the feed tank. The sub tank or mixing tank may have contents, regular packing or irregular packing. An example of this specific example is shown in a flowchart manner in FIGS. 2j and ^. These two specific examples are equivalent in their basic structure to the specific examples shown in Fig. 2a. In the specific example shown in Figure 2j, feed sample 3 and Qiao-20- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -----: ---:- --_ Outfit (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)----- Order ---------- Printed clothing 496750 A7 B7 by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Description of the invention (18) :: 8 contains the filler and the sub-tank 4 contains the content, which is a separation disc in the example. In the inconsistency (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) his possibility is shown in Figure 2k $. Here, the feed is filled with a filler, such as a glass ring, and the auxiliary tank is 4 packs. The mixing tank contains internal grains. Basically, all commercially available regular packings, irregular packings or contents can be used in the multi-axis column of the present invention. Likewise, active fillers which can react with one or more ingredients during the steaming process can be used. Those skilled in the art will select the appropriate regular packing, irregular packing or contents for the given separation problem. Fig. 21 shows a specific embodiment of the multi-axis tower shown in Figs. 1 and 2a. The feed tank 3 and the auxiliary tank are not separated by a partition wall, but are designed as a separate part of the tower, and the outer wall is formed by the outer wall of the tower. Fractionation of the mixture is performed in the same manner as described in FIG. Fig. 2m shows a specific example in which the pressure of the feed tank is lower than that of the mixing tank 8 or the sub tank 4. The mixture to be separated is fed into a feed tank 3 via a feed line 9. This mixture is composed of a low-boiling point a, a medium-boiling point b, and a high-boiling point C. In the feed tank, the low-boiling substances are vaporized by the rising hot gas and finally discharged from the column via the steam outlet 12. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the discharged steam is condensed and recirculated at least partially to the feed tank 3 via the circulation line 13. Here, the condensate flows downward, and the relatively volatile components are vaporized, while the less volatile components are condensed from the gas phase. The condensate containing the medium boiling point B and the high boiling point C was collected on a shallow dish 101. The condensate is discharged through the line 10 2 with the help of the pump 103 and pumped into the mixing tank 8. -21 This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) 496750 A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (19) The pressure of mixing tank 8 is higher than the Pressure of the hopper 3. The condensate from the feed tank 3 flows down through the mixing tank 8, where the medium boiling point B is vaporized and flies upward. The high boiling point C is collected at the bottom of the mixing tank 8 and is carried out of the column from there. The rising steam of the middle boiling point B enters the auxiliary tank 4 and enters the feed tank 3 through the throttle device 104 and the gas passage 105. With the throttle device 1M, the speed of the rising gas is gradually reduced from the high pressure of the mixing tank 8 to the low pressure of the feed tank 3. The multi-shaft towers shown in Figs. 2a-m each have an external vaporizer and a condenser. Similarly, Internal vaporizers and condensers can be used. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the entire multi-axis tower of the present invention, where the cross-section passes through the area where the tower is equipped with auxiliary tanks and feed tanks. A possible device for a three-component mixture, while the devices shown in Figures 3g to 1 constitute examples for a four-component mixture. In these figures, the outer wall of the multi-axis tower in each example is indicated by the reference number 1, and The dividing wall is indicated by reference numerals 2 or 2a and 2b. Figure 3a shows a multi-axis tower segmentation diagram, in which the section is divided into two equal halves by the dividing wall 2. However, the components present in the mixture to be separated can also be viewed The ratio of the amount is selected by other ratios. Fig. 3b shows the device in which the partition wall 2 is divided by a ratio of 2: 1 or in Fig. 3c by a ratio of 3 ·· 1. In Fig. 3b and c, the partition wall 2 In each case, the two are arranged at an angle Formed by a metal plate. Figure 3d shows a specific example with a curved partition wall 2. The specific example shown in Figure 3d can more easily control the expansion phenomenon caused by temperature changes. The specifics shown in Figure 3e and f Examples are particularly advantageous. In Figure 3e, the auxiliary grooves are placed in a concentric manner. Therefore, the entire cross section is eliminated. -22- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please first (Read the notes on the back and fill out this page)

496750 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (20) The temperature difference does not cause stress in the tower. In Figure 3f, the secondary tower is divided into a number of tubes. The phases present in the tube are mixed above or below by a common space connected to all tubes. Figures 3g to 1 show a corresponding example of a device for a four-component mixture. Fig. 3g shows a device having two parallel, planar dividing walls 2a and 2b. Figure 3h shows a device with three sectors forming a circle, where each sector forms a sub-groove and is separated by a partition wall 2. Figure 3j again shows three sub-grooves arranged concentrically. Figure 3k shows a device with two tubes, where each tube acts as a specific component that separates the components from the other tube. Imagine any combination. Figures 3 i and 1 show examples of combinations of annular and planar partitions. In Figures 4 and 5, two devices which may be used to separate a three-component mixture are shown in more detail. Figure 4 corresponds to the specific example shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2a, and Figure 5 corresponds to the specific example shown in Figure 2b. The reader is therefore referred to the corresponding sections describing the separation of the components in the text. In the specific example shown in Fig. 4, a number of intermediate trays 16 can be placed in the feed tank 3. For example, a filling substance can be placed on these intermediate plates. Gas components can be discharged from the feed tank through the steam outlet 12 and from the auxiliary tank 4 through the steam outlet 14. This tower has a tower cover 5 'whereby the tower can be suspended in the air. At the lower end, the tower is mounted on a flow bearing. In this way, it is possible to compensate for the stress caused by the temperature change in the tower and the expansion of related different substances. In Fig. 5, a specific example corresponding to Fig. 2b is shown in more detail. In this specific example, likewise, the feed tank 3 contains an intermediate tray 6. The mixing tank 8 also has an intermediate plate. The tower also has a tower cover 5 whereby the tower is suspended in the air. Fig. 6 shows that, for example, the -23-degree used in the feed tank 3 in the specific examples of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---- ------ ------ ^ -------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

V. Description of the invention (Detailed description of the intermediate plate 16 of 21, raw solid rod 43 along the potato. Figure. Two stacked intermediate plates 16 are connected to each other, and the side buckles are fixed together. They are fixed. On one side, the support cables 4 and 4 are fixed in the middle, and the current length is 160,000. The lower end of this support cable 44 is connected to the gasket, and the gasket is located at the lower outer edge of the intermediate plate. The seal includes one and one 11 It can surround the outer edge of the support cable. The liquid, for example, lies between the support cable and the U-shaped wheel, so the workshop between the two intermediate disks 16 is sealed from the outside. The selected structure can compensate the entire The stress caused by the temperature difference of the tower length. Reference number Xiao 12 i 3 3 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 12 IX ΙΑ IX Outer wall 25 Condenser partition wall 26 Circulation line feed tank 27 Out π Absorption tower 28 Discharge line stripper tower 29 Vaporizer sub-tank 30 Steam feed line tower cover 3 1 Outlet open end 32 First mixing tank Open end 33 Intermediate channel mixing tank 34 Second mixing tank feed line 3 5 Bottom outlet 36 Closed-end steam feed line 37 Baffle steam outlet 3 8 First zone -24- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page}

496750 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (22) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy 13 Circulation Line 3 9 Zone 2 14 Steam Outlet 40 Zone 3 15 Follower Line 4 1 Zone 4 16 Intermediate Plate 42 5th Zone 17 Opening 43 Connecting rod 18 Regular packing / irregular packing 4 4 Material / content support cable 19 Opening 45 Seal 20 Lampshade 10 1 Shallow pan 2 1 Exit line 1 02 Line 22 Carburetor 103 Pump 23 Steam circulation line 104 knots Flow device 24 steam outlet 105 gas channel -25- > ------------ AW ^ -------- order --------- (Please read the back first Please note this page, please fill in this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

496750 A8 B8 C8 D8 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. Scope of patent application 1. A tower for separating a mixture of at least three components, which contains the outer wall (1) and at least one The tower cover (5) and many auxiliary grooves (3, 4) which can enter the inner space of the tower from one end and extend beyond part of the tower's length, one of which is designed as a feed groove (3). The separated mixture is fed into it, and at least one mixing tank (8) adjoining at least two auxiliary tanks (3, 4) opening toward the inner space of the tower, and a distance from the open end of the feed tank (3) Feed the mixture to be separated into the feed tank (3), so the feed tank is designed as an absorption tower (3 a) in the area adjacent to the feed point and in the area adjacent to the other side of the feed point Into a stripper (3b). 2. The tower according to item i of the scope of patent application, wherein the partition wall (2) is located between the auxiliary grooves (3, 4). 3. The tower according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the exchange connection ⑽, 奶 'milk) is located between the feed tank (3) and the mixing tank (8) for gas phase and / or liquid phase exchange . 4. According to $ in item i or 2 of the scope of patent application, the auxiliary grooves (3, 4) are arranged in a concentric manner. 5. According to Bagan male Ai% according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, at least one of the longitudinal sides of the partition wall (3) is connected to the inner side of the outer wall (1) of the tower. 6. According to the scope of the patent application, the pantograph γ ^ Bethes tower, the partition wall (2) of which is curved 7. According to the scope of the patent application, the partition plate in the Han sub-tank (3, 4) (37). 8. According to the scope of the patent application, the paper size of the tower paper is applicable to the Chinese national standard iCNS) A4 specification, which is provided in at least part of the partition wall (2) by ------------- ------ 丨 Order --------- Line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) -26- 496750 Six A8 B8 C8 D8, composed of patent application department. A tower according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the tower is suspended in the air by a tower cover. 10. According to the scope of the patent application, Bethes Tower 'has at least one auxiliary tank (3, 4) and / or at least one mixing tank (8) with irregular packing, regular packing, contents or separation discs, May be catalytically active. U · According to the tower of item biu in the scope of patent application, Zhongzhong provides many partition walls with different lengths (2). ------------------- Order --------- Line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Consumer Cooperatives • 27- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)