TW201911585A - Solar battery module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Solar battery module and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TW201911585A TW201911585A TW106126410A TW106126410A TW201911585A TW 201911585 A TW201911585 A TW 201911585A TW 106126410 A TW106126410 A TW 106126410A TW 106126410 A TW106126410 A TW 106126410A TW 201911585 A TW201911585 A TW 201911585A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920006257 Heat-shrinkable film Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種太陽能電池模組,且特別是有關於一種太陽能電池模組之製造方法,其於實施上可利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域。 The present invention relates to a solar cell module, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, which can be implemented by using a low water vapor permeability and high resistance sealing material (POE) to prevent water Area of Qi.
太陽能電池是一種將光能轉換為電能的光電元件,其由於低污染、低成本加上可利用源源不絕之太陽能作為能量來源,而成為重要的替代能源之一。太陽能電池之基本構造是運用P型半導體與N型半導體接合而成,當陽光照射至具有此P-N接面的太陽能基板時,光能激發出矽原子中之電子而產生電子和電洞的對流,且這些電子及電洞受P-N接面處構成的內建電場影響而分別聚集在負極及正極兩端,使太陽能電池的兩端產生電壓。此時可使用電極連接太陽能電池的兩端於一外部電路,以形成迴路,進而產生電流,此過程即為太陽電池發電的原理。 A solar cell is a photovoltaic element that converts light energy into electrical energy. It has become one of the important alternative energy sources due to its low pollution, low cost, and the availability of endless solar energy as an energy source. The basic structure of a solar cell is a combination of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. When sunlight hits a solar substrate with this PN junction, light can excite electrons in silicon atoms to generate convection of electrons and holes. In addition, these electrons and holes are affected by a built-in electric field formed at the PN junction surface, and are collected at both ends of the negative electrode and the positive electrode, respectively, so that a voltage is generated at both ends of the solar cell. At this time, electrodes can be used to connect the two ends of the solar cell to an external circuit to form a loop, and then generate current. This process is the principle of solar cell power generation.
太陽能模組包括許多材料,如玻璃、上述太陽能電池、封裝(Encapsulant)材料、導線、接線盒、鋁框、背板等。由於太陽能模組長期運作於外界照光與溫濕度變化不一的環境下,因此太陽能模組需有良好的耐候特性,其中封裝材料是太陽能模組中,攸關壽命長短的關鍵元件。太陽能模組長期放置於戶外發電時,水氣會由太陽能模組邊緣或特定開口處進入至該封裝材料。舉例,請參考圖1,習知太陽能模組9包括玻璃90、太陽能電池、交聯接合後之封裝材料91、92及背板95,其中該封裝材料91、92使用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA;Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer)。然而,EVA水氣滲透率高,容易造成水氣沿太陽能模組邊緣滲入,造成太陽能模組發電嚴重降低。 Solar modules include many materials, such as glass, the above-mentioned solar cells, encapsulant materials, wires, junction boxes, aluminum frames, backplanes, and the like. Since the solar module operates for a long time under the environment where the ambient light and temperature and humidity vary, the solar module needs to have good weather resistance characteristics. Among them, the packaging material is a key component in the solar module that has a long life span. When a solar module is placed outdoors for long-term power generation, water vapor will enter the packaging material from the edge of the solar module or a specific opening. For example, please refer to FIG. 1. The conventional solar module 9 includes glass 90, solar cells, and cross-linked packaging materials 91 and 92, and a back plate 95. The packaging materials 91 and 92 use ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ( EVA; Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer). However, EVA has a high water vapor permeability, which easily causes water vapor to infiltrate along the edges of solar modules, which seriously reduces the power generation of solar modules.
因此,便有需要一種太陽能電池模組及其製造方法來克服上述問題。 Therefore, there is a need for a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same to overcome the above problems.
本發明之一目的是提供一種太陽能電池模組,其於實施上可利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域,從而減少水氣沿太陽能模組邊緣或特定開口處滲入所衍生之太陽能模組發電降低之問題。 An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module, which can be implemented in a place where a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in an area where water vapor needs to be prevented, thereby reducing water vapor along the solar module. Edges or specific openings infiltrate the problem of reduced power generation of the derived solar modules.
依據上述之目的,本發明提供一種太陽能電池模組,包括:一正面玻璃板;一第一封裝膠材,黏接該正面玻璃板;一第二封裝膠材,交聯接合該第一封裝膠材;彼此連接的多個太陽能電池,被包覆於該第一及第二封裝膠材之間;至少一第一密封材,交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材之四周圍,並黏接該正面玻璃板,其中該第一密封材之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材之材質,該第一密封材之水氣滲透率低於該第一及第二封裝膠材之水氣滲透率,且該第一密封材之材質包括聚烯烴彈性體;一背面板材,受該第二封裝膠材及第一密封材黏接,其中該第一封裝膠材、該第二封裝膠材及該第一密封材位於該正面玻璃板及該背面板材之間,該第一封裝膠材、該第二封裝膠材及該第一密封材封裝該些太陽能電池,並密封該正面玻璃板及該背面板材之間隙,且該正面玻璃板、該第一封裝膠材、該些太陽能電池、該第二封裝膠材、該第一密封材及該背面板材構成一疊層件;一接線盒,配置在該背面板材上,其中該些太陽能電池之一輸電導線連接至該接線盒;以及一外框,安裝在該疊層件的周圍。 According to the above object, the present invention provides a solar cell module, comprising: a front glass plate; a first encapsulating material for bonding the front glass plate; and a second encapsulating material for cross-linking and bonding the first encapsulating material. A plurality of solar cells connected to each other and covered between the first and second encapsulating materials; at least one first sealing material, cross-linked and joined to the first and second encapsulating materials after being stacked; Around, and bonded to the front glass plate, wherein the material of the first sealing material is different from the materials of the first and second encapsulating materials, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material is lower than that of the first and second sealing materials. Water vapor permeability of the two sealing materials, and the material of the first sealing material includes a polyolefin elastomer; a back plate, which is adhered by the second sealing material and the first sealing material, wherein the first sealing material The second encapsulating material and the first encapsulating material are located between the front glass plate and the back plate, and the first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first encapsulating material encapsulate the solar cells, And seal the front glass plate and the back plate Gap, and the front glass plate, the first encapsulating material, the solar cells, the second encapsulating material, the first sealing material and the back plate constitute a laminate; a junction box is arranged on the back On the plate, one of the solar cells' power transmission leads is connected to the junction box; and an outer frame is mounted around the laminate.
根據本發明之太陽能電池模組,由於該第一密封材(例如POE)交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材(例如EVA)之四周圍,因此該層壓製程後之該第一封裝膠材、第二封裝膠材以及第一密封材封裝該些太陽能電池,並密封該正面玻璃板及該背面板材之間隙。更重要的是,該第一密封材(例如POE)位在該太陽能模組邊緣附近,從而減少水氣沿太陽能模組邊緣滲入所衍生之 太陽能模組發電降低之問題。以POE及EVA為例,POE之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約3~5(甚至更低),且EVA之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約30~35;但POE成本高EVA 30-40%,每瓦成本提高5-12%。為了兼顧太陽能模組成本與可靠度,利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域(例如該太陽能模組邊緣附近),以抑制水氣進入該太陽能模組內,避免導致鄰近區域太陽能電池之發電效率降低之問題產生,進而達成符合規定的可靠度。 According to the solar cell module of the present invention, since the first sealing material (for example, POE) is cross-linked and bonded around four of the first and second encapsulating materials (for example, EVA) after being stacked, The first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material, and the first encapsulating material encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the first sealing material (such as POE) is located near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of reduced power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module) to prevent water vapor from entering the solar energy. In the module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, thereby achieving the required reliability.
1‧‧‧太陽能電池模組 1‧‧‧solar battery module
1’‧‧‧太陽能電池模組 1’‧‧‧solar cell module
1”‧‧‧太陽能電池模組 1 ”‧‧‧solar battery module
10‧‧‧正面玻璃板 10‧‧‧ front glass
11‧‧‧第一封裝膠材 11‧‧‧The first encapsulation material
12‧‧‧第二封裝膠材 12‧‧‧Second Encapsulant
13‧‧‧第一密封材 13‧‧‧The first sealing material
13a‧‧‧第一密封材 13a‧‧‧The first sealing material
13b‧‧‧第一密封材 13b‧‧‧The first sealing material
13c‧‧‧口字型圖案 13c‧‧‧mouth pattern
13d‧‧‧U字型圖案 13d‧‧‧U-shaped pattern
13e‧‧‧一字型圖案 13e‧‧‧Front pattern
14‧‧‧第二密封材 14‧‧‧Second sealing material
15‧‧‧背面板材 15‧‧‧Back sheet
151‧‧‧貫穿開口 151‧‧‧through opening
16‧‧‧接線盒 16‧‧‧junction box
17‧‧‧外框 17‧‧‧ frame
18‧‧‧疊層件 18‧‧‧ laminated
19‧‧‧熱收縮膜 19‧‧‧ heat shrinkable film
6‧‧‧太陽能電池 6‧‧‧ solar cell
6’‧‧‧太陽能電池 6’‧‧‧ solar cell
60‧‧‧基板 60‧‧‧ substrate
601‧‧‧正面 601‧‧‧front
602‧‧‧背面 602‧‧‧Back
61‧‧‧射極層 61‧‧‧emitter layer
62‧‧‧背電場層 62‧‧‧Back electric field layer
63a‧‧‧第一鈍化層 63a‧‧‧First passivation layer
63b‧‧‧第二鈍化層 63b‧‧‧Second passivation layer
64a‧‧‧第一抗反射層 64a‧‧‧The first anti-reflection layer
64b‧‧‧第二抗反射層 64b‧‧‧Second anti-reflection layer
65‧‧‧導線 65‧‧‧ lead
65a‧‧‧正面電極 65a‧‧‧front electrode
65b‧‧‧背面電極 65b‧‧‧Back electrode
66‧‧‧邊緣 66‧‧‧Edge
67‧‧‧輸電導線 67‧‧‧ power transmission line
9‧‧‧太陽能模組 9‧‧‧ solar module
90‧‧‧玻璃 90‧‧‧ glass
91‧‧‧封裝材料 91‧‧‧Packaging material
92‧‧‧封裝材料 92‧‧‧Packaging materials
95‧‧‧背板 95‧‧‧ back plate
S100~S900‧‧‧步驟 S100 ~ S900‧‧‧step
圖1為習知太陽能模組之部分剖面示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a conventional solar module.
圖2為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的流程圖。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的立體示意圖,其顯示將多個太陽能電池串焊。 FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a plurality of solar cells are serially welded.
圖4為本發明之單面照光的太陽能電池之剖面示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-side illuminated solar cell according to the present invention.
圖5為本發明之雙面照光的太陽能電池之剖面示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-sided illuminated solar cell according to the present invention.
圖6為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將串焊後之該些太陽能電池放置在一第一封裝膠材上。 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the solar cells after string welding are placed on a first encapsulating material.
圖7為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將一第二封裝膠材堆疊在該第一封裝膠材上。 FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a second encapsulating material is stacked on the first encapsulating material.
圖8為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將至少一第一密封材放置在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材之四周圍及該正面玻璃板上。 FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that at least one first sealing material is placed around four of the first and second encapsulating materials and Front glass.
圖9a~圖9d顯示該第一密封材會與該第一及第二封裝膠材交聯接合之四種態樣。 FIG. 9a to FIG. 9d show four aspects of the first sealing material being cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials.
圖10a為本發明之另一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示該至少一第一密封材可為兩層第一密封材。 10a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the at least one first sealing material may be two layers of the first sealing material.
圖10b為本發明之又一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示該兩層第一密封材分別部分覆蓋該第一及第二封裝膠材。 FIG. 10b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the two layers of the first sealing material partially cover the first and second encapsulating materials, respectively.
圖11a~11c為本發明之第一密封材之平面示意圖。 11a-11c are schematic plan views of the first sealing material of the present invention.
圖12為本發明之第二及第一密封材之平面示意圖。 FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of the second and first sealing materials of the present invention.
圖13為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將一第二密封材放置在該第二封裝膠材上。 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a second sealing material is placed on the second sealing material.
圖14為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將一背面板材堆疊在該第二及第一密封材上。 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a back sheet is stacked on the second and first sealing materials.
圖15為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將堆疊後之該正面玻璃板、該第一封裝膠材、該些太陽能電池、該第二封裝膠材及該第一密封材及該背面板材所構成之疊層件進行一層壓製程。 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows the front glass plate, the first encapsulant, the solar cells, and the second encapsulant after being stacked. And a laminate formed by the first sealing material and the back plate is subjected to a layer of pressing process.
圖16為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示利用一熱收縮膜包覆該疊層件之周圍。 FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a heat shrink film is used to cover the periphery of the laminate.
圖17為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的剖面示意圖,其顯示將一接線盒配置在該背面板材上,並將一外框安裝在層壓後之該疊層件的周圍。 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a junction box is arranged on the back sheet, and an outer frame is mounted on the laminated part after lamination Around.
圖18為本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組的剖面示意圖。 FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
圖19為本發明之第二實施例之太陽能電池模組的剖面示意圖。 FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
圖20為本發明之第三實施例之太陽能電池模組的剖面示意圖。 FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
為讓本發明之上述目的、特徵和特點能更明顯易懂,茲配合圖式將本發明相關實施例詳細說明如下。 In order to make the foregoing objects, features, and characteristics of the present invention more comprehensible, the related embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
請參考圖2,其顯示本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法的流程圖。該太陽能電池模組之製造方法包括下列步驟:請參考圖3,在步驟S100中,將多個太陽能電池串焊。該些太陽能電池(solar cell)可為單面照光的太陽能電池6或雙面照光的太陽能電池6’。串焊(cell tabbing stringing)後之同一串的該些太陽能電池藉由導線65彼此電性連接。 Please refer to FIG. 2, which shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module includes the following steps: Please refer to FIG. 3. In step S100, a plurality of solar cells are serially welded. The solar cells may be single-sided solar cells 6 or double-sided solar cells 6 '. The solar cells of the same string after cell tabbing stringing are electrically connected to each other by a lead 65.
舉例,請參考圖4,單面照光的太陽能電池6包括:一基板60、一射極層61、一背電場層62、一第一鈍化層63a、一第一抗反射層64a、一第二鈍化層63b、一正面電極65a及一背面電極65b。該基板60為第一導電型,該基板60具有一正面601和一與該正面601相對的背面602。該射極層61為第二導電型,該射極層61位於該基板60內靠近該正面601處。該背電場層62為第一導電型,該背電場層62位於該基板60內靠近該背面602處。該第一鈍化層63a位於該正面601處。該第一抗反射層64a位於該第一鈍化層63a上。該第二鈍化層63b位於該背面602處。該正面電極65a穿過該第一抗反射層64a及該第一鈍化層63a,並接觸該射極層61。該背面電極65b穿過該第二鈍化層63b,並接觸該背電場層62。 For example, please refer to FIG. 4. The single-side illuminated solar cell 6 includes: a substrate 60, an emitter layer 61, a back electric field layer 62, a first passivation layer 63 a, a first anti-reflection layer 64 a, and a second The passivation layer 63b, a front electrode 65a, and a back electrode 65b. The substrate 60 is of a first conductivity type. The substrate 60 has a front surface 601 and a back surface 602 opposite to the front surface 601. The emitter layer 61 is of a second conductivity type. The emitter layer 61 is located in the substrate 60 near the front surface 601. The back electric field layer 62 is of a first conductivity type. The back electric field layer 62 is located in the substrate 60 near the back surface 602. The first passivation layer 63 a is located on the front surface 601. The first anti-reflection layer 64a is located on the first passivation layer 63a. The second passivation layer 63 b is located on the back surface 602. The front electrode 65 a passes through the first anti-reflection layer 64 a and the first passivation layer 63 a and contacts the emitter layer 61. The back electrode 65 b passes through the second passivation layer 63 b and contacts the back electric field layer 62.
舉例,請參考圖5,雙面照光的太陽能電池6’包括:一基板60、一射極層61、一背電場層62、一第一鈍化層63a、一第一抗反射層64a、一第二鈍化層63b、一第二抗反射層64b一正面電極65a及一背面電極65b。該基板60為第一導電型,該基板60具有一正面601和一與該正面601相對的背面602。該射極層61為第二導電型,該射極層61位於該基板60內靠近該正面601處。該背電場層62為第一導電型,該背電場層62位於該基板60內靠近該背面602處。該第一鈍化層63a位於該正面601處。該第一抗反射層64a位於該第一鈍 化層63a上。該第二鈍化層63b位於該背面602處。該正面電極65a穿過該第一抗反射層64a及該第一鈍化層63a,並接觸該射極層61。該背面電極65b穿過該第二抗反射層64b及該第二鈍化層63b,並接觸該背電場層62。 For example, please refer to FIG. 5, a double-sided illuminated solar cell 6 ′ includes: a substrate 60, an emitter layer 61, a back electric field layer 62, a first passivation layer 63 a, a first anti-reflection layer 64 a, and a first Two passivation layers 63b, a second anti-reflection layer 64b, a front electrode 65a, and a back electrode 65b. The substrate 60 is of a first conductivity type. The substrate 60 has a front surface 601 and a back surface 602 opposite to the front surface 601. The emitter layer 61 is of a second conductivity type. The emitter layer 61 is located in the substrate 60 near the front surface 601. The back electric field layer 62 is of a first conductivity type. The back electric field layer 62 is located in the substrate 60 near the back surface 602. The first passivation layer 63 a is located on the front surface 601. The first anti-reflection layer 64a is located on the first passivation layer 63a. The second passivation layer 63 b is located on the back surface 602. The front electrode 65 a passes through the first anti-reflection layer 64 a and the first passivation layer 63 a and contacts the emitter layer 61. The back electrode 65b passes through the second anti-reflection layer 64b and the second passivation layer 63b, and contacts the back electric field layer 62.
請參考圖6,在步驟S200中,將串焊後之該些太陽能電池6、6’放置在一第一封裝膠材11上,其中該第一封裝膠材11堆疊在一正面玻璃板10上。在步驟S200之前,可先實施步驟S190:將該第一封裝膠材11堆疊在該正面玻璃板10上。在步驟S200之後,可再實施步驟S210中:將一匯流排(bussing ribbon)(圖未示)焊接在串焊後之該些太陽能電池6、6’中較邊側的一片上,使不同串之該些太陽能電池6、6’彼此電性連接。 Referring to FIG. 6, in step S200, the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ after string welding are placed on a first encapsulating material 11, wherein the first encapsulating material 11 is stacked on a front glass plate 10. . Before step S200, step S190 may be implemented: the first encapsulant 11 is stacked on the front glass plate 10. After step S200, step S210 can be implemented: a bussing ribbon (not shown) is welded to the side of the solar cells 6, 6 'after string welding to make different strings The solar cells 6, 6 'are electrically connected to each other.
請參考圖7,在步驟S300中,將一第二封裝膠材12堆疊在該第一封裝膠材11上,並使該些太陽能電池6、6’被包覆於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之間,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之一輸電導線67穿過該第二封裝膠材12。該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12可為乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA;Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer)所製。在步驟S300之後,可實施步驟S310:擺放一絕緣片,用以防止該匯流排與該些太陽能電池6、6’之背面電極發生電性短路。 Referring to FIG. 7, in step S300, a second encapsulating material 12 is stacked on the first encapsulating material 11, and the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ are coated on the first and second packages. Between the adhesive materials 11 and 12, one of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ has a power transmission wire 67 passing through the second packaging adhesive material 12. The first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 may be made of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer (EVA). After step S300, step S310 may be implemented: placing an insulating sheet to prevent the busbar from being electrically short-circuited with the back electrodes of the solar cells 6, 6 '.
請參考圖8,在步驟S400中,將至少一第一密封材13放置在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之四周圍及該正面玻璃板10上,其中該第一密封材13之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之材質,該第一密封材13之水氣滲透率低於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之水氣滲透率。該第一密封材13之材質可包括聚烯烴彈性體(POE;Polyolefin Elastomer),例如乙烯-辛烯共聚物。該第一密封材13之厚度可稍大於或等於堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之總厚度,例如該第一密封材13之厚度可約為600~1000μm。 Referring to FIG. 8, in step S400, at least one first sealing material 13 is placed around the four of the first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 and the front glass plate 10 after being stacked, where the first The material of the sealing material 13 is different from that of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. The water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than that of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. Permeability. The material of the first sealing material 13 may include a polyolefin elastomer (POE; Polyolefin Elastomer), such as an ethylene-octene copolymer. The thickness of the first sealing material 13 may be slightly greater than or equal to the total thickness of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, for example, the thickness of the first sealing material 13 may be about 600-1000 μm.
在後續的層壓製程時,該第一密封材13會與該第 一及第二封裝膠材11、12交聯接合在一起。舉例,層壓製程是指將該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13在真空底下加溫,並施加壓力使其冷卻後形成固化的透光性聚合物。圖9a~圖9d顯示該第一密封材13會與該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12交聯接合之四種態樣。請參考圖9a,其顯示該第一密封材13與該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12皆未部分覆蓋對方。請參考圖9b,其顯示該第一密封材13部分覆蓋該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12。請參考圖9c,其顯示該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12部分覆蓋該第一密封材13。請參考圖9d,其顯示該第一密封材13部分覆蓋該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之其中一者,該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之其中另一者部分覆蓋該第一密封材13。該第一密封材13與該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12交聯接合之後,以圖9b之結構的整體水氣滲透率最低,圖9a之結構的整體水氣滲透率次低,圖9d之結構的整體水氣滲透率第三低,圖9c之結構的整體水氣滲透率第四低。 During the subsequent lamination process, the first sealing material 13 is cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 together. For example, the lamination process refers to heating the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 under a vacuum, and applying pressure to cool them to form a cured light-transmissive polymer. Thing. 9a to 9d show four aspects of the first sealing material 13 being cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12. Please refer to FIG. 9a, which shows that the first sealing material 13 and the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 do not partially cover each other. Please refer to FIG. 9b, which shows that the first sealing material 13 partially covers the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. Please refer to FIG. 9 c, which shows that the first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 partially cover the first sealing material 13. Please refer to FIG. 9d, which shows that the first sealing material 13 partially covers one of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 and the other of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 Covers the first sealing material 13. After the first sealing material 13 is cross-linked with the first and second encapsulants 11, 12, the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of FIG. 9b is the lowest, and the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of FIG. 9a is the second lowest. The overall water vapor permeability of the structure of Fig. 9d is the third lowest, and the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of Fig. 9c is the fourth lowest.
請參考圖10a,在另一實施例中,該至少一第一密封材13可為兩層第一密封材13a、13b。請參考圖10b,在又一實施例中,該兩層第一密封材13a、13b分別部分覆蓋該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12。請參考圖11a~11c的俯視示意圖,於本發明之不同實施例上,該第一密封材13可為一個口字型圖案13c、一個U字型圖案13d與一個一字型圖案13e之組合或四個一字型圖案13e之組合,如此以形成具有環形圖案之該第一密封材13,用以方便放置在該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之四周圍。當然,圖示中該第一密封材13之上述圖案中的間隙處於加熱層壓時,會因該第一密封材13之熔化而填滿。 Please refer to FIG. 10a. In another embodiment, the at least one first sealing material 13 may be two layers of the first sealing material 13a, 13b. Please refer to FIG. 10b. In yet another embodiment, the two layers of the first sealing material 13a, 13b partially cover the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 respectively. Please refer to the top schematic diagrams of FIGS. 11a to 11c. In different embodiments of the present invention, the first sealing material 13 may be a combination of a mouth-shaped pattern 13c, a U-shaped pattern 13d and a single-line pattern 13e, or A combination of four inline patterns 13e is formed to form the first sealing material 13 with a circular pattern, which is conveniently placed around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12. Of course, when the gap in the above pattern of the first sealing material 13 in the figure is under heat lamination, it will be filled due to the melting of the first sealing material 13.
請參考圖12,其顯示該第二封裝膠材12及第一密封材13之平面示意圖。較佳地,該第一密封材13可接觸該些太陽能電池6、6’之邊緣66,但該第一密封材13之寬度必須大於一特定寬度(例如8.4mm),以符合IEC規定。 Please refer to FIG. 12, which illustrates a schematic plan view of the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13. Preferably, the first sealing material 13 can contact the edges 66 of the solar cells 6, 6 ', but the width of the first sealing material 13 must be greater than a specific width (for example, 8.4 mm) to comply with IEC regulations.
請參考圖13,在步驟S500中,將一第二密封材14放置在該第二封裝膠材12上,其中該第二密封材14之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之材質,該第二密封材14之水氣滲透率低於該第二封裝膠材12之水氣滲透率,且該些太陽能電池6、6’之輸電導線67也穿過該第二密封材14。該第二密封材14之材質可包括聚烯烴彈性體(POE;Polyolefin Elastomer),例如乙烯-辛烯共聚物。 Please refer to FIG. 13. In step S500, a second sealing material 14 is placed on the second sealing material 12, wherein the material of the second sealing material 14 is different from the first and second sealing materials 11, 12, the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material 14 is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material 12, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 'also pass through the second seal.材 14。 Material 14. The material of the second sealing material 14 may include a polyolefin elastomer (POE; Polyolefin Elastomer), such as an ethylene-octene copolymer.
請參考圖14,在步驟S600中,將一背面板材15堆疊在該第二封裝膠材12及第一密封材13上,以使該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13位於該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之輸電導線通過該背面板材15之一貫穿開口151。該背面板材(back sheet)15也堆疊在該第二密封材14上,以使該第二密封材14覆蓋該背面板材15之貫穿開口151且延伸覆蓋略大於該貫穿開口151面積之範圍。 Referring to FIG. 14, in step S600, a back sheet 15 is stacked on the second encapsulating material 12 and the first encapsulating material 13 so that the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12 and The first sealing material 13 is located between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. The power transmission wires of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ pass through the opening 151 through one of the back plates 15. The back sheet 15 is also stacked on the second sealing material 14 so that the second sealing material 14 covers the penetration opening 151 of the back sheet 15 and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the penetration opening 151.
請參考圖15,在步驟S700中,將堆疊後之該正面玻璃板10、該第一封裝膠材11、該些太陽能電池6、6’、該第二封裝膠材12、該第一密封材13及該背面板材15所構成之疊層件18進行一層壓製程(Lamination process),使該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13交聯接合在一起,並封裝該些太陽能電池6、6’,以及密封該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間隙。在該疊層件18之層壓製程時,該第二密封材14也與該第二封裝膠材12交聯接合在一起,且該第二密封材14密封該貫穿開口151。在步驟S700之後,可再實施步驟S710:將層壓後之該第一密封材13的多餘部分移除。 Referring to FIG. 15, in step S700, the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material are stacked. 13 and the laminate 18 composed of the back sheet 15 are subjected to a layer of lamination process, so that the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 are cross-linked and joined together. And encapsulate the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ and seal the gap between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. During the laminating process of the laminate 18, the second sealing material 14 is also cross-linked and bonded with the second sealing material 12, and the second sealing material 14 seals the through opening 151. After step S700, step S710 may be implemented: removing the excess portion of the first sealing material 13 after lamination.
請參考圖16,在步驟S800中,利用一熱收縮膜19包覆該疊層件18之周圍。該熱收縮膜19可為低水氣滲透率材質所製。 Referring to FIG. 16, in step S800, a heat shrink film 19 is used to cover the periphery of the laminate 18. The heat shrinkable film 19 can be made of a material having a low water vapor permeability.
請參考圖17,在步驟S900中,將一接線盒16配置 在該背面板材15上,並將一外框17安裝在層壓後之該疊層件18的周圍,以完成一太陽能電池模組1,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之輸電導線電性連接至該接線盒16。該接線盒(Junction box)16可藉由黏膠而安裝固定在該背面板材15上。該外框(frame)17可採鋁材料所製。在步驟S900之後,可再實施步驟S910:將該太陽能電池模組1進行一電性測試。 Referring to FIG. 17, in step S900, a junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and an outer frame 17 is installed around the laminated member 18 after lamination to complete a solar cell module. 1. The power transmission wires of the solar cells 6, 6 'are electrically connected to the junction box 16. The junction box 16 can be fixed on the back plate 15 by adhesive. The frame 17 can be made of aluminum material. After step S900, step S910 may be implemented: an electrical test is performed on the solar cell module 1.
當該太陽能電池模組1為一單玻模組(其包括上述單面照光的太陽能電池6),該背面板材15是一個非透明的背板。當該太陽能電池模組1為一雙玻模組(其包括上述雙面照光的太陽能電池6’),該背面板材15是一個透明的玻璃板。 When the solar cell module 1 is a single glass module (which includes the single-sided solar cell 6 described above), the back sheet 15 is a non-transparent back sheet. When the solar cell module 1 is a double glass module (which includes the above-mentioned double-sided illuminated solar cell 6 '), the back plate 15 is a transparent glass plate.
請參考圖18,其顯示本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組1,其藉由該第一實施例之太陽能電池模組製造方法所完成。該太陽能電池模組1包括:一正面玻璃板10、一第一封裝膠材11、一第二封裝膠材12、彼此連接(例如電性連接)的多個太陽能電池6、至少一第一密封材13、一背面板材15、一接線盒16及一外框17。該第一封裝膠材11黏接該正面玻璃板10。該第二封裝膠材12交聯接合該第一封裝膠材11。該些太陽能電池6、6’被包覆於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之間。 Please refer to FIG. 18, which shows a solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by the solar cell module manufacturing method of the first embodiment. The solar cell module 1 includes a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6 connected to each other (such as electrical connection), and at least a first seal. Material 13, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is adhered to the front glass plate 10. The second encapsulating material 12 is cross-linked to the first encapsulating material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulants 11, 12.
該第一密封材13交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之四周圍,並黏接該正面玻璃板10,其中該第一密封材13之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之材質,該第一密封材13之水氣滲透率低於該第二封裝膠材12之水氣滲透率,且該第一密封材13之材質包括聚烯烴彈性體。該第二密封材14配置在該第二封裝膠材12與該背面板材15之間,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之一輸電導線67穿過該第二密封材14。該背面板材15受該第二封裝膠材12及第一密封材13黏接,其中該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13位於該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間,該層壓製程後之該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13封裝該 些太陽能電池6、6’並密封該正面玻璃板11及該背面板材15之間隙,且該正面玻璃板10、該第一封裝膠材11、該些太陽能電池6、6’、該第二封裝膠材12、該第一密封材13及該背面板材15構成該層壓製程後之疊層件18。該些太陽能電池6、6’之輸電導線67通過該背面板材15之一貫穿開口151,且該層壓製程後之該第二密封材14封閉該貫穿開口151且延伸覆蓋略大於該貫穿開口151面積之範圍。該接線盒16配置在背面板材15上,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之該輸電導線67連接(例如電性連接)至該接線盒16。該外框17安裝在層壓後之該疊層件18的周圍。該太陽能電池模組1更包括一熱收縮膜(例如一防水丁基膠),用以包覆該疊層件18之周圍,並位於該疊層件18與該外框17之間。 The first sealing material 13 is cross-linked and joined around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, and is bonded to the front glass plate 10, wherein the material of the first sealing material 13 is different from that of the first sealing material 13. The material of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than the water and gas permeability of the second encapsulating material 12, and the material of the first sealing material 13 includes Polyolefin elastomer. The second sealing material 14 is disposed between the second sealing material 12 and the back plate 15, and one of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ 's power transmission wires 67 passes through the second sealing material 14. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13, wherein the first sealing material 11, the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13 are located on the front glass plate 10. And the back sheet 15, after the lamination process, the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the front glass The gap between the plate 11 and the back plate 15, and the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, the first sealing material 13, and the The back sheet 15 constitutes the laminate 18 after the lamination process. The power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ pass through one of the openings 151 of the back sheet 15, and the second sealing material 14 after the lamination process closes the through-opening 151 and extends to cover slightly larger than the through-opening 151. The range of area. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ are connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16. The outer frame 17 is mounted around the laminated member 18 after lamination. The solar cell module 1 further includes a heat-shrinkable film (such as a waterproof butyl rubber) for covering the periphery of the laminate 18 and being located between the laminate 18 and the outer frame 17.
根據本發明之第一實施例之太陽能電池模組,由於該第一密封材(例如POE)交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材(例如EVA)之四周圍,因此該層壓製程後之該第一至第一密封材封裝該些太陽能電池,並密封該正面玻璃板及該背面板材之間隙。更重要的是,該第一密封材之位置就是該太陽能模組邊緣附近,從而減少水氣沿太陽能模組邊緣滲入所衍生之太陽能模組發電降低之問題。同理,該第二密封材(例如POE)只封閉該背面板材之貫穿開口,從而減少水氣沿特定開口處滲入所衍生之太陽能模組發電降低之問題。以POE及EVA為例,POE之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約3~5(甚至更低),且EVA之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約30~35;但POE成本高EVA 30-40%,每瓦成本提高5-12%。為了兼顧太陽能模組成本與可靠度,利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域(例如該太陽能模組邊緣附近或該背面板材之貫穿開口附近),以抑制水氣進入該太陽能模組內,避免導致鄰近區域太陽能電池之發電效率降低之問題產生,進而達成符合規定的可靠度。 According to the solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the first sealing material (for example, POE) is cross-linked and joined around four of the first and second encapsulating materials (for example, EVA) after stacking, the After the lamination process, the first to first sealing materials encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the position of the first sealing material is near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. In the same way, the second sealing material (such as POE) only closes the through opening of the back plate, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module derived from the infiltration of water and gas along the specific opening. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in areas that need to be protected from water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module or near the through opening of the back sheet) In order to prevent water and gas from entering the solar module, to avoid the problem that causes the reduction of the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area, and to achieve compliance with the specified reliability.
請參考圖19,其顯示本發明之第二實施例之太陽能電池模組1’,其藉由一第二實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法 所完成。該第二實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法大體上類似於該第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法,兩者之差異為該第二實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法不包括:將一第二密封材放置在該第二封裝膠材上之步驟S500。 Please refer to FIG. 19, which shows a solar cell module 1 'according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to the second embodiment. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the second embodiment is substantially similar to the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the first embodiment. The difference between the two is that the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the second embodiment is not The method includes the step S500 of placing a second sealing material on the second sealing material.
該太陽能電池模組1’包括:一正面玻璃板10、一第一封裝膠材11、一第二封裝膠材12、彼此電性連接的多個太陽能電池6、6’、至少一第一密封材13、一背面板材15、一接線盒16及一外框17。該第一封裝膠材11黏接該正面玻璃板10。該第二封裝膠材12交聯接合該第一封裝膠材11。該些太陽能電池6、6’被包覆於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之間。 The solar cell module 1 'includes: a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6, 6' electrically connected to each other, and at least one first seal. Material 13, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is adhered to the front glass plate 10. The second encapsulating material 12 is cross-linked to the first encapsulating material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulants 11, 12.
該第一密封材13交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之四周圍,並黏接該正面玻璃板10,其中該第一密封材13之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之材質,該第一密封材13之水氣滲透率低於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之水氣滲透率,且該第一密封材13之材質包括聚烯烴彈性體。該背面板材15受該第二封裝膠材12及第一密封材13黏接,其中該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13位於該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間,該第一封裝膠材11、該第二封裝膠材12及該第一密封材13封裝該些太陽能電池6、6’並密封該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間隙,且該正面玻璃板10、該第一封裝膠材11、該些太陽能電池6、6’、該第二封裝膠材12、該第一密封材13及該背面板材15構成該層壓製程後之疊層件18。該接線盒16配置在該背面板材15上,其中該些太陽能電池6之一輸電導線67連接(例如電性連接)至該接線盒16。該外框17安裝在該層壓製程後之該疊層件18的周圍。 The first sealing material 13 is cross-linked and joined around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, and is bonded to the front glass plate 10, wherein the material of the first sealing material 13 is different from that of the first sealing material 13. The material of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than the water and gas permeability of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12, and the first seal The material of the material 13 includes a polyolefin elastomer. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13, wherein the first sealing material 11, the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13 are located on the front glass plate 10. And the back sheet 15, the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15 gap, and the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, the first sealing material 13, and the back plate 15 constitute the layer Laminate 18 after the pressing process. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15. One of the solar cells 6 is connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16 by a power transmission lead 67. The outer frame 17 is installed around the laminate 18 after the lamination process.
根據本發明之第二實施例之太陽能電池模組,由於該第一密封材(例如POE)交聯接合在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材(例如EVA)之四周圍,因此該層壓製程後之該第一封裝膠材、該第二封裝膠材及該第一密封材封裝該些太陽能電池,並密 封該正面玻璃板及該背面板材之間隙。更重要的是,該第一密封材位在該太陽能模組邊緣附近,從而減少水氣沿太陽能模組邊緣滲入所衍生之太陽能模組發電降低之問題。以POE及EVA為例,POE之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約3~5(甚至更低),且EVA之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約30~35;但POE成本高EVA 30-40%,每瓦成本提高5-12%。為了兼顧太陽能模組成本與可靠度,利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域(例如該太陽能模組邊緣附近),以抑制水氣進入該太陽能模組內,避免導致鄰近區域太陽能電池之發電效率降低之問題產生,進而達成符合規定的可靠度。 According to the solar cell module according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the first sealing material (such as POE) is cross-linked and bonded around the first and second encapsulating materials (such as EVA) after stacking, the The first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first sealing material after the lamination process encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the first sealing material is located near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of reduced power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module) to prevent water vapor from entering the solar energy. In the module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, thereby achieving the required reliability.
請參考圖20,其顯示本發明之第三實施例之太陽能電池模組1”,其藉由一第三實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法所完成。該第三實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法大體上類似於該第一實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法,兩者之差異為該第三實施例之太陽能電池模組之製造方法不包括:將至少一第一密封材放置在堆疊後之該第一及第二封裝膠材之四周圍及該正面玻璃板上之步驟S400。 Please refer to FIG. 20, which shows a solar cell module 1 "according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by a method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to the third embodiment. The solar cell module of the third embodiment The manufacturing method of the group is substantially similar to the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the first embodiment. The difference between the two is that the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the third embodiment does not include: at least one first sealing material Step S400 of placing the four surroundings of the first and second encapsulants and the front glass plate after the stacking.
該太陽能電池模組1”包括:一正面玻璃板10、一第一封裝膠材11、一第二封裝膠材12、彼此連接(例如電性連接)的多個太陽能電池6、6’、一第二密封材14、一背面板材15、一接線盒16及一外框17。該第一封裝膠材11黏接該正面玻璃板10。該第二封裝膠材12交聯接合該第一封裝膠材11。該些太陽能電池6、6’被包覆於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之間。 The solar cell module 1 "includes a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6, 6 'connected to each other (such as electrical connection), and a The second sealing material 14, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is bonded to the front glass plate 10. The second sealing material 12 is cross-linked to join the first package. Glue material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12.
該第二密封材14交聯接合該第二封裝膠材12,其中該第二密封材14之材質不同於該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12之材質,該第二密封材14之水氣滲透率低於該第二封裝膠材12之水氣滲透率,且該些太陽能電池6、6’之一輸電導線67穿過該第二密封材14。該背面板材15受該第二封裝膠材12及該第二密封材14黏接,其中該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12位於該正面玻 璃板10及該背面板材15之間,該第一及第二封裝膠材11、12及該第二密封材14封裝該些太陽能電池6、6’並密封該正面玻璃板10及該背面板材15之間隙,該正面玻璃板10、該第一封裝膠材11、該些太陽能電池6、6’、該第二封裝膠材12及該背面板材15構成該層壓製程後之疊層件18,該輸電導線67通過該背面板材15之一貫穿開口151,且該第二密封材14封閉該貫穿開口151並延伸覆蓋略大於該貫穿開口151面積之範圍。該接線盒16配置在該背面板材15上,其中該些太陽能電池6、6’之輸電導線67連接(例如電性連接)至該接線盒16。該外框17安裝在該層壓製程後之該疊層件18的周圍。 The second sealing material 14 is cross-linked to the second sealing material 12, wherein the material of the second sealing material 14 is different from that of the first and second sealing materials 11 and 12. The water vapor permeability is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material 12, and the transmission line 67 of one of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ passes through the second sealing material 14. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the second sealing material 14. The first and second sealing materials 11 and 12 are located between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. First and second encapsulants 11, 12 and the second sealing material 14 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the gap between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15, the front glass plate 10, the first An encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ′, the second encapsulating material 12, and the back plate 15 constitute a laminate 18 after the lamination process, and the power transmission wire 67 passes one of the back plates 15. The through opening 151 is closed by the second sealing material 14 and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through opening 151. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ are connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16. The outer frame 17 is installed around the laminate 18 after the lamination process.
根據本發明之第三實施例之太陽能電池模組,該第二密封材(例如POE)封閉該背面板材之貫穿開口,從而減少水氣沿特定開口處滲入所衍生之太陽能模組發電降低之問題。以POE及EVA為例,POE之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約3~5(甚至更低),且EVA之水氣滲透率(g/m2-day)為約30~35;但POE成本高EVA 30-40%,每瓦成本提高5-12%。為了兼顧太陽能模組成本與可靠度,利用低水氣滲透率且高阻抗之密封材(POE)放置於需要防止水氣之區域(例如該背面板材之貫穿開口附近),以抑制水氣進入該太陽能模組內,避免導致鄰近區域太陽能電池之發電效率降低之問題產生,進而達成符合規定的可靠度。 According to the solar cell module of the third embodiment of the present invention, the second sealing material (for example, POE) closes the through opening of the back sheet, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module derived from the penetration of water and gas along the specific opening. . Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m 2 -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the through opening of the back sheet) to prevent water vapor from entering the area. In the solar module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, and the reliability in accordance with the regulations is achieved.
綜上所述,乃僅記載本發明為呈現解決問題所採用的技術手段之較佳實施方式或實施例而已,並非用來限定本發明專利實施之範圍。即凡與本發明專利申請範圍文義相符,或依本發明專利範圍所做的均等變化與修飾,皆為本發明專利範圍所涵蓋。 In summary, it is only a description of the preferred implementations or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of patent application of the present invention, or made according to the scope of patent of the present invention, are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.
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