TW201500467A - Liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal aligning film, liquid crystal display element, method for producing liquid crystal display element, polymer containing nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ring and compound containing nitrogen-containing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid crystal display element in which a deterioration from use is less and a reliability is high. A liquid crystal aligning agent of the invention contains a polymer (P) having a specific structure represented by Formula (1A) below. (In Formula (1A), R2 is a divalent organic group. X1 is a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ring. Q1 is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a silicon atom. Y1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number from 1 to 5. In a situation where Q1 is the nitrogen atom, t is equal to 2 and s is equal to 0. In a situation where Q1 is the silicon atom, t is equal to 3 and s is equal to 0. In a situation where Q1 is the carbon atom, t is equal to 2 or 3, and s is equal to 3-t).

Description

Liquid crystal alignment agent, liquid crystal alignment film, liquid crystal display element, method for producing liquid crystal display element, polymer containing nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring, and compound containing nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment agent, a liquid crystal alignment film, a liquid crystal display element, a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display element, a polymer, and a compound, and more particularly to a polymer-stable alignment (PSA) mode liquid crystal. The technology of displaying components.

In general, a liquid crystal display element includes a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules between a pair of substrates disposed in a facing direction, and a liquid crystal alignment film disposed so as to sandwich a liquid crystal layer to control liquid crystal molecules in a desired alignment state. Further, conventionally, liquid crystal display elements have been developed in various driving methods in which electrode structures or physical properties of liquid crystal molecules used are different. For example, a multi-Domain Vertical Alignment (MVA) type panel previously known as a vertical alignment mode is utilized. The protrusions formed in the liquid crystal panel restrict the collapse direction of the liquid crystal molecules to expand the viewing angle. However, according to this aspect, the lack of transmittance and contrast caused by the projections is unavoidable, and there is a problem that the response speed of the liquid crystal molecules is slow.

In recent years, in order to solve the problem of the MVA type panel, a Polymer Sustained Alignment (PSA) mode has been proposed as a new driving mode for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. The PSA mode is a technique in which a photopolymerizable monomer is previously mixed into a liquid crystal material, and after assembling a liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with light while applying a voltage between a pair of electrodes sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, thereby The photopolymerizable monomer is polymerized to control the molecular alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. According to this technique, there is an advantage that the expansion of the viewing angle or the high-speed response can be achieved. In addition, in recent years, research has been conducted on the further high-speed response of a PSA-type liquid crystal panel, which attempts to use a monofunctional liquid crystalline compound having one of an alkenyl group and a fluoroalkenyl group (hereinafter also referred to as "alkenylene". The base liquid crystal ") is introduced into the liquid crystal layer (for example, refer to Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3).

[Prior Art Literature]

[Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-285499

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 9-104644

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 6-108053

In recent years, liquid crystal display elements have not only been used as display terminals such as personal computers, but also used in, for example, liquid crystal televisions or car navigation systems, mobile phones, and smart phones. (smartphone), information display (information display) and other uses. Due to the versatility as described above, it is required to use a liquid crystal display element which is less deteriorated and has high reliability, and a material for obtaining such a liquid crystal display element is desired.

In addition, in the liquid crystal display device using an alkenyl liquid crystal, the response speed can be increased. On the other hand, light irradiation during polymerization of the photopolymerizable monomer does not contain alkenyl liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer. The decrease in the voltage holding ratio is larger as compared with the liquid crystal cell. In terms of improvement in reliability of the liquid crystal display element, it is also necessary to maintain a high voltage holding ratio after light irradiation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a main object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal alignment agent for obtaining a liquid crystal display element which is less deteriorated by use and has high reliability.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by including a polymer having a specific structure in a liquid crystal alignment agent, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following liquid crystal alignment agents, liquid crystal alignment films, liquid crystal display elements, methods for producing liquid crystal display elements, polymers, and compounds.

An aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal alignment agent containing a polymer (P) having a specific structure represented by the following formula (1A).

(In the formula (1A), R ² is a divalent organic group, and X ¹ is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring; wherein a plurality of R ² in the formula may be the same or different, and a plurality of X ¹ may be the same or may be the same Different; Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a halogen atom, Y ¹ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, t=2 and s=0, in Q ¹ In the case of a helium atom, t=3 and s=0. In the case where Q ¹ is a carbon atom, t is 2 or 3, and s=3-t.)

The structure represented by the formula (1A) is preferably a structure represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula (1), R ² and X ¹ have the same meanings as the formula (1A); "*" means a bond.)

Another aspect of the present invention provides a liquid crystal alignment film formed using the liquid crystal alignment agent, and a liquid crystal display element including the liquid crystal alignment film. Further, a method for producing a liquid crystal display device comprising: applying the liquid crystal alignment agent to the conductive film of a pair of substrates having a conductive film, and heating the same to form a coating film; a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal compound, a step of arranging a pair of substrates on which the coating film is formed so as to face the coating film to form a liquid crystal cell; and applying between the electroconductive films of the pair of substrates The step of irradiating the liquid crystal cell with light in a state of voltage.

According to the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal alignment film which is less deteriorated by use and has high reliability. Further, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention and the liquid crystal display element manufactured by the production method of the present invention have Since the liquid crystal alignment film formed by the liquid crystal alignment agent has little deterioration in quality due to use, it is excellent in reliability.

1‧‧‧ITO electrode

FIG. 1 is a view showing an electrode pattern of a transparent electrode film used in Examples and Comparative Examples.

2 is a view showing an electrode pattern of a transparent electrode film used in Examples.

3 is a view showing an electrode pattern of a transparent electrode film used in Examples.

The liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention contains not only a polymer (P) having a specific structure as a polymer component but also other components arbitrarily formulated as needed.

<Polymer (P)>

The polymer (P) of the present invention is a polymer having a structure represented by the following formula (1A).

(In the formula (1A), R ² is a divalent organic group, and X ¹ is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring; wherein a plurality of R ² in the formula may be the same or different, and a plurality of X ¹ may be the same or may be the same Different; Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a halogen atom, Y ¹ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, t=2 and s=0, in Q ¹ In the case of a helium atom, t=3 and s=0. In the case where Q ¹ is a carbon atom, t is 2 or 3, and s=3-t.)

The polymer (P) is preferably a polymer having a structure represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula (1), R ² and X ¹ have the same meanings as the formula (1A); "*" means a bond.)

In the formula (1A) and the formula (1), the divalent organic group of R ² in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom is, for example, a divalent hydrocarbon group; and has a carbon-carbon bond in the hydrocarbon group. -O-, -NH-, -CO-O-, -CO-NH-, -CO-, -S-, -SO ₂ -, -Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ -, -O-Si(CH ₃ ) _a divalent group of a functional group such as _2-, -O-Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ -O-; a hydrocarbon group and -O-, -NH-, -CO-O-, -CO-NH-, -CO-, - a divalent group formed by linking functional groups such as S-, -SO ₂ -, -Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ -, -O-Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ -, -O-Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ -O- A divalent group in which at least one hydrogen atom in the hydrocarbon group is substituted with a fluorine atom, a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, or a hydroxyl group. Further, R ¹ in the case where Q is a silicon atom of a divalent organic group other than ² Specific examples of R include, for example, in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom ² may still include -O -, - CO -O-etc.

Here, the "hydrocarbon group" in the present specification may be saturated or unsaturated, and means a chain hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group. In addition, the "chain hydrocarbon group" means a linear hydrocarbon group and a branched hydrocarbon group which do not have a cyclic structure in the main chain but are composed only of a chain structure. The alicyclic hydrocarbon group means a hydrocarbon group having a structure having only an alicyclic hydrocarbon as a ring structure and not having an aromatic ring structure. Among them, it is not necessarily required to be composed only of the structure of the alicyclic hydrocarbon, but also a part thereof a hydrocarbon group having a chain structure. The "aromatic hydrocarbon group" means a hydrocarbon group having an aromatic ring structure as a ring structure. Among them, it is not necessarily required to be composed only of an aromatic ring structure, and a structure having a chain structure or an alicyclic hydrocarbon may be contained in a part thereof.

The divalent hydrocarbon group in R ² is preferably a carbon number of 1 to 20, more preferably a carbon number of 1 to 10, and particularly preferably a carbon number of 1 to 6. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group include alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylidene group, a propylenediyl group, a butyldiyl group, a pentanediyl group, and a hexamethylene group, and a vinyl group, a propylene group, and the like. Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a cyclohexyl group and the like; and examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a stretched phenyl group and the like. Among them, a chain hydrocarbon group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferred, and an alkanediyl group is more preferred.

The nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring of X ^{1 may be} an aromatic ring containing one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring skeleton. Therefore, the ring skeleton may contain only a nitrogen atom as a hetero atom, or may contain a nitrogen atom or a hetero atom other than a nitrogen atom (such as an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom). Specific examples of the nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring in X ¹ include a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrazine ring, an anthracene ring, and a benzene. Imidazole ring, anthracene ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, Acridine ring, quinoxaline ring, pyridazine ring, triazine ring, azepine ring, diazepine ring, acridine ring, phenazine ring, phenanthroline ring, evil An azole ring, a thiazole ring, a carbazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a phenothiazine ring, an oxadiazole ring, and the like. Further, X ¹ may be a ring into which a substituent is introduced to a carbon atom constituting the ring exemplified. Examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, and an alkoxy group.

In these rings, the ring skeleton of X ¹ is preferably a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrazine ring, a benzimidazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a quinoxaline ring, a triazine ring, a nitrogen anthracene ring, a diazaguanidine ring or a phenol azine ring, more preferably a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring, a pyridine ring or a pyrimidine. Ring, pyridazine ring or pyrazine ring.

Further, in the nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring, the bonding position with R ² is not particularly limited. For example, in the case where the nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring as X ¹ is a 5-membered ring, the bonding position with R ² may be 1-position, 2-position or 3-position, in the case of a 6-membered ring. It can be cited as 1-bit, 2-position, 3-position or 4-position.

From the viewpoint of the reliability of the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal display element, Q ¹ in the formula (1A) is preferably a nitrogen atom. Y ¹ is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.

The structure represented by the formula (1A) is preferably a structure represented by the following formula (1-1A).

(In the formula (1-1A), when Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom, R ³ is an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and in the case where Q ¹ is a halogen atom, R ³ is a single bond. Or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R ⁴ is a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and A ¹ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, * ¹ -COO-, * ¹ - OCO-, * ¹ -CONH- or * ¹ -NHCO- ("* ¹ " represents a bond with R ³ ); wherein, in the case where R ³ is a single bond, A ¹ is -O- or * ¹ - A plurality of R ³ in the formula OCO-; may be the same or different, and a plurality of R ^{4 's} may be the same or different, and a plurality of A ^{1 's} may be the same or different; X ¹ , Q ¹ , Y ¹ , t and s has the same meaning as the above formula (1A); "*" means a binding bond.)

The structure represented by the formula (1) is preferably a structure represented by the following formula (1-1).

(In the formula (1-1), R ³ , R ⁴ and A ¹ have the same meanings as the above formula (1-1A); X ¹ has the same meaning as the formula (1); "*" represents a bond.)

In the formula (1-1A) and the formula (1-1), the alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms of R ³ and R ⁴ may, for example, be a methylene group, an ethylidene group or a propylenediyl group. The butyl group and the pentane group may be linear or branched. Further, R ³ and R ⁴ may be the same as or different from each other.

When Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom, R ³ is preferably a carbon number of 1 to 3, and more preferably a carbon number of 1 to 2. In the case where Q ¹ is a halogen atom, R ³ is preferably a single bond or a carbon number of 1 to 2, and more preferably a single bond. R ⁴ is preferably a single bond or a carbon number of 1 to 3, more preferably a single bond or a carbon number of 1 to 2.

A ¹ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, * ¹ -COO-, * ¹ -OCO-, * ¹ -CONH- or * ¹ -NHCO- ("* ¹ " represents a bond with R ³ ) . Among them, a single bond, -O-, * ¹ -CONH-, * ¹ -COO- or * ¹ -OCO- is preferable.

The main skeleton of the polymer (P) may, for example, be polyamic acid, polyphthalate, polyimide, polyorganosiloxane, poly(meth)acrylate, polyester, polyamine. A skeleton formed of a cellulose derivative, a polyacetal derivative, a polystyrene derivative, a poly(styrene-phenylmethyleneimineimide) derivative or the like. Which of these skeletons is applied is appropriately adapted to the driving mode or use of the liquid crystal display element, etc. Alternatively, but preferably, it is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyproline, polyphthalate, and polyamidiamine, and more preferably selected from the group consisting of polyproline and polyimine. At least one of the group consisting of.

<polyglycine (P)>

Polylysine which is the polymer (P) of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "polyglycine (P)") can be obtained by reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a diamine. In the aspect of easily introducing the structure represented by the formula (1A) into the side chain of the polymer, when synthesizing the polyamic acid (P), it is preferred to use the structure represented by the formula (1A). Diamine.

[tetracarboxylic dianhydride]

Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for the synthesis of the polyglycolic acid of the present invention include aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride. Specific examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride include aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and examples thereof include 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride; and alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride: 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride, 1,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-5-( Tetrahydro-2,5-dioxo-3-furanyl)-naphtho[1,2-c]furan-1,3-dione, 1,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro- 8-Methyl-5-(tetrahydro-2,5-dioxo-3-furanyl)-naphtho[1,2-c]furan-1,3-dione, 3-oxabicyclo[3.2 .1]octane-2,4-dione-6-spiro-3'-(tetrahydrofuran-2',5'-dione), 5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydro-3-furan 3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, 3,5,6-tricarboxy-2-carboxymethylnorbornane-2:3,5:6-dianhydride , 2,4,6,8-tetracarboxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2:4,6:8-dianhydride, 4,9-dioxatricyclo[5.3.1.0 ^2,6 ]11 Alkane-3,5,8,10-tetraketone, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (1R, 2S, 4S, 5R-cyclohexane tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1S, 2S , 4R, 5R-cyclohexane tetracarboxylic dianhydride, etc.), 1,2,3,4-cyclopentane tetracarboxylic dianhydride (1R, 2R, 3R, 4R-cyclopentane tetracarboxylic dianhydride, etc. And the like; for example, an aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride can be enumerated Tetracarboxylic dianhydride; In addition, also in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. tetracarboxylic dianhydride 2010-97188 described. Further, the tetracarboxylic dianhydride may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for the synthesis preferably contains an alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride from the viewpoints of transparency and solubility in a solvent. Further, the alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydride is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of the following tetracarboxylic dianhydrides: 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride, 1,3, 3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-5-(tetrahydro-2,5-dioxo-3-furanyl)-naphtho[1,2-c]furan-1,3-dione, 1 ,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-8-methyl-5-(tetrahydro-2,5-dioxo-3-furanyl)-naphtho[1,2-c]furan- 1,3-diketone, 2,4,6,8-tetracarboxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2:4,6:8-dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylate Acid dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentane tetracarboxylic dianhydride, more preferably comprising a tetracarboxylic dianhydride selected from the group consisting of At least one tetracarboxylic dianhydride (hereinafter also referred to as a specific tetracarboxylic dianhydride) in the group consisting of: 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride, 2,4,6,8- Tetracarboxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2:4,6:8-dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexane Tetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,2,3,4-cyclopentane tetracarboxylic dianhydride.

In the case of synthesizing poly-proline (P), in the case of using the specific tetracarboxylic dianhydride, the ratio of use is relative to the total amount of tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for the synthesis of polyglycolic acid (P) ( The total amount is preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% to 100 mol%, and particularly preferably 50 mol% to 100 mol%.

[diamine]

The diamine for synthesizing the poly-proline (P) of the present invention preferably comprises A diamine of the structure represented by the formula (1A). Specific examples of the diamine having the structure represented by the above formula (1A) include a compound represented by the following formula (d-1A), and a compound represented by the following formula (d-1) is preferable.

(In the formula (d-1A), R ¹ is a single bond or a divalent organic group; and R ² , X ¹ , Q ¹ , Y ¹ , t and s have the same meanings as the above formula (1A).)

(In the formula (d-1), R ¹ is a single bond or a divalent organic group; and R ² and X ¹ have the same meanings as the above formula (1).)

Examples of the divalent organic group of R ¹ in the formula (d-1A) and the formula (d-1) include: -CO-, * ² -OCO- ("* ² " represents a diaminophenyl group. A bonding bond of a bond) and a group exemplified as the divalent organic group of R ² . Preferable examples of R ¹ include a group represented by the following formula (r-1).

[Chemical 9]* ³ -A ² -R ⁵ -A ³ -* ⁴ (r-1)

(In the formula (r-1), A ² is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, * ³ -OCO- or * ³ -COO-, and A ³ is a single bond, -CO- or -OCO-* ⁴ R ⁵ is a single bond, an alkanediyl group or a divalent group having -O-, -CO-O-, -CO-NH- or -CO- between the carbon-carbon bonds of the alkanediyl group; "* ³ " And "* ⁴ " indicates a bond; wherein "* ³ " is bonded to a diaminophenyl group.)

The alkanediyl group in R ⁵ of the formula (r-1) may be linear or branched, and preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R ⁵ is preferably a single bond or a C 1-8 alkanediyl group, more preferably a single bond or a C 1-4 alkanediyl group, and particularly preferably a single bond, a methylene group or an ethyl extension; A ² preferably It is a single bond, -CO- or * ³ -OCO-. Further, the description of the preferred embodiment of the group "-N-(R ² -X ¹ ) ₂ " can be applied to the description of the formula (1).

Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (d-1) include compounds represented by the following formulas (da-1) to (da-68), and the like.

[化10]

[Chemistry 13]

Also, Q ¹ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom compound is preferably of the formula (d-1A) Specific examples thereof include, for example, the following compounds are represented by the formula - (da-80) of formula (da-69).

The diamine having the structure represented by the above formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as "specific diamine") may be used alone for the diamine for synthesizing the polyamic acid (P), but it is also possible to A diamine other than an amine (hereinafter also referred to as "other diamine") is used together with the specific diamine.

Here, examples of the other diamine include an aliphatic diamine, an alicyclic diamine, an aromatic diamine, a diamine organic decane, and the like. Specific examples of the diamine include aliphatic m-xylylenediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, and hexamethylenediamine. And the alicyclic diamine may, for example, be 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexylamine), 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane Examples of the aromatic diamine include p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, and 1,5-diamino group. Naphthalene, 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 2,7- Diamino hydrazine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, 9,9-bis(4-amino group Phenyl) guanidine, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane, 4,4' -(p-phenylenediphenylene)diphenylamine, 4,4'-(meta-phenyldiisopropylidene)diphenylamine, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene, 4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl, 2,6-diaminopyridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine, 2,4-diaminopyrimidine, 3,6-di Amino acridine, 3,6-diaminocarbazole, N-methyl -3,6-diaminocarbazole, N-ethyl-3,6-diaminocarbazole, N-phenyl-3,6-diaminocarbazole, N,N'-bis (4- Aminophenyl)-benzidine, N,N'-bis(4-aminophenyl)-N,N'-dimethylbenzidine, 1,4-bis-(4-aminophenyl)- Piperazine, 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-1H-indole-5-amine, 1-(4-aminophenyl)- 2,3-Dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-1H-indol-6-amine, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, cholesteryloxy-3,5-diaminobenzene , cholestyloxy-3,5-diaminobenzene, cholestyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, cholestyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, 3 , cholesteryl 5-diaminobenzoate, cholesteryl 3,5-diaminobenzoate, lanosteryl 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, 3,6-bis ( 4-aminobenzylideneoxy)cholestane, 3,6-bis(4-aminophenoxy)cholestane, 4-(4'-trifluoromethoxybenzylideneoxy) ring Hexyl-3,5-diaminobenzoate, 4-(4'-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy)cyclohexyl-3,5-diaminobenzoate, 1,1-double (4-((Aminophenyl)methyl)phenyl)-4-butylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-((aminophenyl)methyl)phenyl)-4-heptane) Cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-((amino benzene) Methyl)phenyl)-4-heptylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-((aminophenyl)methyl)phenyl)-4-(4-heptylcyclohexyl) ring Hexane, 2,4-diamino-N,N-diallylaniline, 4-aminobenzylamine, 3-aminobenzylamine, 1,3-diamino-4-octadecane Oxybenzene, 3-(3,5-diaminobenzylideneoxy)cholestane, 3,6-bis(4-aminobenzylideneoxy)cholestane, and the following formula (Y) -1)

(In the formula (Y-1), X ^I and X ^II are each independently a single bond, -O-, -COO- or -OCO-, and R ^I and R ^II are each independently an alkane having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Base, a is 0 or 1, b is an integer of 0~2, c is an integer from 1 to 20, m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1; wherein a and b do not become 0)

Examples of the compound to be represented, and examples of the diamine-based organic siloxane include 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyldioxane, and the like; in addition to this, Japanese Patent Laid-Open The diamine described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2010-97188.

The divalent group represented by "-X ^I -(R ^I -X ^II ) _n- " in the formula (Y-1) is preferably an alkanediyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 3, *-O-, * -COO- or *-OC ₂ H ₄ -O- (wherein the bond labeled "*" is bonded to the diaminophenyl group).

Specific examples of the radical "-C _c H _2c+1 " include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-decyl, N-decyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecane Base, n-icosyl group, etc. The two amine groups in the diaminophenyl group are preferably located at the 2,4-position or the 3,5-position relative to the other groups.

Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (Y-1) include compounds represented by the following formulas (Y-1-1) to (Y-1-4), and the like.

Further, these diamines may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

When the polyamic acid (P) is synthesized, the specific diamine is preferably used in an amount of from 0.1 mol% to 80 mol%, more preferably 1 mol, based on the total amount of the diamine used for the synthesis. % to 60 mol%, particularly preferably 3 mol% to 50 mol%, particularly preferably 5 mol% to 30 mol%.

[Molecular weight regulator]

In the case of synthesizing polyamic acid, a terminal modified polymer can be synthesized using an appropriate molecular weight modifier while using the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine as described above. By forming the terminal-modified polymer, the coating property (printability) of the liquid crystal alignment agent can be further improved without impairing the effects of the present invention.

Examples of the molecular weight modifier include an acid monoanhydride, a monoamine compound, and a monoisocyanate compound. Specific examples of the compound include, for example, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, n-decyl succinic anhydride, n-dodecyl succinic anhydride, n-tetradecane. A butyl succinic anhydride, n-hexadecyl succinic anhydride or the like; examples of the monoamine compound include aniline, cyclohexylamine, n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octyl An amine, n-dodecylamine, n-octadecylamine, etc., and a monoisocyanate compound, for example, phenyl isocyanate, naphthyl isocyanate, etc. are mentioned. 100 parts by weight based on the total of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine used, The use ratio of the molecular weight modifier is preferably 20 parts by weight or less, and more preferably 10 parts by weight or less.

<Synthesis of specific diamines>

The compound represented by the formula (d-1A) and the compound represented by the formula (d-1) can be synthesized by appropriately combining a common method of organic chemistry. An example thereof is a method of synthesizing a dinitro intermediate having a nitro group instead of the primary amino group in the formula (d-1A) or the formula (d-1), and then using a suitable reduction system The nitro group of the dinitro intermediate is aminated.

The method of synthesizing the dinitro intermediate can be appropriately selected depending on the target compound. For example, in the case of the compound represented by the above formula (d-1), the following method can be mentioned: [1] a secondary amine compound having the structure represented by the formula (1), and a method of reacting with a secondary amine group in the secondary amine compound and reacting a compound having R ¹ and a dinitrophenyl group (for example, ruthenium chloride or a carboxylic acid, etc.); [2] having "R ^N - a difunctional compound having a group represented by R ¹ -N-" (R ^N represents a dinitrophenyl group) and having two functional groups, and a compound which can react with the difunctional compound and have X ¹ The method of reaction, and the like.

The reduction reaction of the dinitro intermediate is preferably carried out in an organic solvent using a catalyst such as palladium carbon, platinum oxide, zinc, iron, tin or nickel. The organic solvent used herein may, for example, be ethyl acetate, toluene, tetrahydrofuran or an alcohol. However, the synthesis formula of the compound represented by the formula (d-1A) and the compound represented by the formula (d-1) is not limited to the method.

<Synthesis of polylysine>

The ratio of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride to the diamine to be used in the synthesis reaction of the polyaminic acid of the present invention is preferably 1 equivalent to the amine group of the diamine, and the acid anhydride group of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride. The ratio is from 0.2 equivalents to 2 equivalents, and more preferably from 0.3 equivalents to 1.2 equivalents. Further, the synthesis reaction of polyamic acid is preferably carried out in an organic solvent. The reaction temperature at this time is preferably -20 ° C to 150 ° C, and more preferably 0 ° C to 100 ° C. Further, the reaction time is preferably from 0.1 to 24 hours, more preferably from 0.5 to 12 hours.

Here, examples of the organic solvent used in the reaction include an aprotic polar solvent, a phenol solvent, an alcohol, a ketone, an ester, an ether, a halogenated hydrocarbon, and a hydrocarbon. Specific examples of the organic solvent include, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dimethyl. Examples of the phenol solvent include phenol, m-cresol, xylenol, and halogenated phenol; and examples of the alcohol include, for example, hydrazine, γ-butyrolactone, tetramethylurea, and hexamethylphosphonium triamine; Methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, triethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.; the ketone can be exemplified by acetone, methyl ethyl Ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.; examples of the ester include ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl methoxypropionate, and B. Ethyl oxypropionate, diethyl oxalate, diethyl malonate, isoamyl propionate, isoamyl isobutyrate, etc.; examples of the ether include diethyl ether, diisoamyl ether, and ethylene Alcohol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl Glycol monomethyl ether, two Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, tetrahydrofuran, etc.; halogenated hydrocarbons include, for example, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dichlorobutane, trichloroethane, chlorobenzene, ortho Dichlorobenzene or the like; examples of the hydrocarbon include hexane, heptane, octane, benzene, toluene, xylene, and the like.

Among these organic solvents, one selected from the group consisting of an aprotic polar solvent and a phenol solvent (the first group of organic solvents) is preferably used. The above, or one or more selected from the group consisting of organic solvents of the first group and one or more selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, halogenated hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbons (organic solvents of the second group) mixture. In the latter case, the ratio of the organic solvent of the second group is preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 40% by weight, based on the total amount of the organic solvent of the first group and the organic solvent of the second group. Hereinafter, it is especially preferably 30% by weight or less. The amount (a) of the organic solvent to be used is preferably an amount of the total amount (a+b) of the reaction solution, and the total amount (b) of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine is 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight.

A reaction solution obtained by dissolving polylysine was obtained in the above manner. The reaction solution may be directly supplied to the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the poly-proline acid contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then supplied to the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the isolated polylysine may be purified. Further provided for the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent. In the case of polycondensation of polylysine to form a polyimine, the reaction solution may be directly supplied to a dehydration ring closure reaction, or the polylysine contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then supplied to The dehydration ring closure reaction, or the isolated polyamic acid can also be purified and then supplied to the dehydration ring closure reaction. The isolation and purification of polylysine can be carried out according to a known method.

<Polyurethane (P)>

The polyglycolate (hereinafter also referred to as "polyperurethane (P)")) of the polymer (P) of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by the following method: [I] obtained by the synthesis reaction a method for reacting a polylysine with a hydroxyl group-containing compound, a halide, an epoxy group-containing compound, or the like; [II] a method of reacting a tetracarboxylic acid diester with a diamine; and [III] a tetracarboxylic acid A method of reacting a tetracarboxylic acid diester dihalide with a diamine.

Here, examples of the hydroxyl group-containing compound used in the method [I] include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol; and phenols such as phenol and cresol. Further, examples of the halide include methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, stearyl bromide, methyl chloride, stearyl chloride, and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-iodoethyl b. Examples of the epoxy group-containing compound such as an alkane include propylene oxide and the like. The tetracarboxylic acid diester used in the method [II] can be obtained, for example, by subjecting the tetracarboxylic dianhydride exemplified in the synthesis of the polyamic acid to ring opening using the alcohol. Further, the tetracarboxylic acid diester dihalide used in the method [III] can be obtained by reacting a tetracarboxylic acid diester obtained in the above manner with a suitable chlorinating agent such as sulfinium chloride. The diamine used in the method [II] and the method [III] can be a diamine having the structure represented by the formula (1A), the other diamine or the like. Further, the polyperurate may have only a phthalate structure, or may be a partial ester compound in which a valeric acid structure and a phthalate structure coexist.

<Polyimine (P)>

The polyimine (hereinafter also referred to as "polyimine (P)") of the polymer (P) contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention can be obtained by the poly(proline) synthesized in the above manner. The dehydration ring closure is carried out and obtained by imidization of hydrazine.

The polyimine (P) may be a fully ruthenium imide obtained by dehydration ring closure of the proline structure of the polyglycolic acid (P) as its precursor, or may be only ruthenium. A part of the structure of the amine acid undergoes a dehydration ring closure to form a partial quinone imide of the proline structure and the quinone ring structure. The ruthenium imidation ratio of the polyimine of the present invention is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% to 99%, and particularly preferably 50% to 99%, from the viewpoint of improving the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal display device. . The ruthenium imidation ratio is a total of the number of the guanidine structure of the polyimine and the number of the quinone ring structure, and the ratio of the number of the quinone ring structure is expressed as a percentage. Here, a part of the quinone ring may be an isoindole ring.

The dehydration ring closure of polylysine is preferably carried out by a method of heating polylysine or dissolving polylysine in an organic solvent, and adding a dehydrating agent and a dehydration ring-closing catalyst to the solution, A method of heating is required. Among them, it is preferred to use the latter method.

In the method of adding a dehydrating agent and a dehydration ring-closure catalyst to a solution of a polyamic acid to carry out hydrazine imidation, for example, an acid anhydride such as acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride or trifluoroacetic anhydride can be used. The amount of the dehydrating agent used is preferably set to 0.01 mol to 20 mol with respect to 1 mol of the proline structure of polylysine. As the dehydration ring-closing catalyst, for example, a tertiary amine such as pyridine, collidine, lutidine or triethylamine can be used. The amount of the dehydration ring-closure catalyst used is preferably set to 0.01 mol to 10 mol with respect to 1 mol of the dehydrating agent to be used. The organic solvent used in the dehydration ring closure reaction is exemplified as an organic solvent exemplified as an organic solvent for synthesizing polyamic acid. The reaction temperature of the dehydration ring closure reaction is preferably from 0 ° C to 180 ° C, more preferably from 10 ° C to 150 ° C. The reaction time is preferably from 1.0 to 120 hours, more preferably from 2.0 to 30 hours.

A reaction solution containing polyiminoimine (P) was obtained in the above manner. The reaction solution can be directly supplied to the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the dehydration agent and the dehydration ring closure catalyst can be removed from the reaction solution, and then supplied to the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the polyimine (P) can be isolated and then provided. The preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent may be carried out, or the isolated polyimine (P) may be purified and then supplied to the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent. These purification operations can be carried out in accordance with a known method.

The polyamic acid, polyphthalate, and polyimine as the polymer (P) obtained in the above manner are preferably 10 when it is made into a solution having a concentration of 10% by weight. mPa. s~800mPa. The solution viscosity of s is more preferably 15 mPa. s~500mPa. s solution viscosity of the compound. Further, the solution viscosity (mPa.s) of the polymer means a concentration of 10% by weight prepared for a good solvent (for example, γ-butyrolactone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc.) using the polymer. The polymer solution was measured at 25 ° C using an E-type rotational viscometer. In addition, the poly-proline, polyphthalate, and polyimine contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention are converted to polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The weight average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably from 500 to 100,000, more preferably from 1,000 to 50,000.

Further, the polymer (P) having a skeleton other than polyamine, polyphthalamide, and polyimine as a main skeleton can also be synthesized by appropriately combining a common method of organic chemistry. As an example, the polymer (P) having a polyorganosiloxane as a main skeleton can be, for example, a polyorganosiloxane having an epoxy group and a carboxylic acid having a structure represented by the formula (1A). The reaction is obtained.

From the viewpoint of obtaining the effect of the present invention, the content of the polymer (P) in the liquid crystal alignment agent is preferably 5% by weight or more based on the total amount of the polymer component contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent. More preferably, it is 10 weight% or more. Further, the upper limit is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily set within a range of 100% by weight or less.

From the viewpoint of suitably obtaining the effects of the present invention, the specific structure of the polymer (P) is preferably set to 1 × 10 ^-5 with respect to the total amount of the polymer component contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent. Mol/g~1×10 ^-2 mol/g, more preferably 5×10 ^-5 mol/g to 5×10 ^-3 mol/g. Therefore, it is preferable to set the kind and amount of the compound for synthesizing the polymer (P) so that the amount of the specific structure of the polymer (P) is within the above range.

Further, in the present invention, in the case of using a liquid crystal alignment agent containing a polymer (P) to form a liquid crystal alignment film of a PSA mode liquid crystal display element, it is possible to prevent light polymerization when the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with light. The method of photopolymerization of the compound (photopolymerizable monomer) is assisted by the liquid crystal alignment film side, and it is estimated that the polymerization reaction of the photopolymerizable compound proceeds sufficiently to obtain an effect of improving reliability.

<Other ingredients>

The liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention may contain other components as needed. Examples of the other component include a polymer other than the polymer (P), a compound having at least one epoxy group in the molecule (hereinafter referred to as "epoxy group-containing compound"), a functional decane compound, and the like. .

[Other polymers]

The other polymers can be used to improve solution properties or electrical properties. The other polymer may be a polymer which does not have the specific structure, and the main skeleton thereof may, for example, be polylysine, polyphthalate, polyimine, polyorganosiloxane, polyester, poly Amidoxime, a cellulose derivative, a polyacetal, a polystyrene derivative, a poly(styrene-phenylmaleimide) derivative, a poly(meth)acrylate, or the like.

In the case where the other polymer is added to the liquid crystal alignment agent, the compounding ratio of the other polymer is preferably 95 parts by weight or less, more preferably 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the polymer contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent. 0.1 parts by weight to 90 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 parts by weight to 85 parts by weight.

[epoxy group-containing compound]

The epoxy group-containing compound can be used to improve the adhesion of the liquid crystal alignment film to the surface of the substrate. Connectivity or electrical characteristics. Examples of such an epoxy group-containing compound include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and new Pentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, 2,2-dibromo neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether , N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane, N,N,N ',N'-tetraglycidyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, N,N-diglycidyl-benzylamine, N,N-diglycidyl-aminomethyl ring Hexane, N,N-diglycidyl-cyclohexylamine and the like are preferred compounds. In addition to the above, examples of the epoxy group-containing compound may be an epoxy group-containing polyorganosiloxane having the disclosure of WO 2009/096598.

When the epoxy compound is added to the liquid crystal alignment agent, the compounding ratio of these epoxy compounds is preferably 40 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the polymers contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent, and more preferably 0.1 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight.

[functional decane compound]

The functional decane compound can be used for the purpose of improving the printability of the liquid crystal alignment agent. Examples of such a functional decane compound include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxydecane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxydecane, 2-aminopropyltrimethoxydecane, and 2-aminopropyl group. Triethoxy decane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxydecane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxy Baseline, 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxydecane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxydecane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxydecane, N-triethoxy矽alkylpropyltriethylamine, 10-trimethoxydecyl-1,4,7-triazadecane, 9-trimethoxydecyl-3,6-diaza Mercaptoacetate, methyl 9-trimethoxydecyl-3,6-diazadecanoate, N-benzyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxydecane, N-phenyl-3-amine Propyltrimethoxydecane, glycidoxymethyltrimethoxydecane, 2-glycidoxyethyltrimethoxydecane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxydecane, and the like.

When the functional decane compound is added to the liquid crystal alignment agent, the compounding ratio of these functional decane compounds is preferably 2 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the polymers contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent. It is preferably 0.02 parts by weight to 0.2 parts by weight.

Further, as the other component, in addition to the compound, a compound having at least one oxetanyl group in the molecule, an antioxidant or the like can be used.

<solvent>

The liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is prepared such that the polymer (P) and optionally other components are preferably a liquid composition obtained by dispersing or dissolving in an organic solvent.

Here, examples of the solvent for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, γ-butyrolactone, and N,N-dimethylformamide. , N,N-dimethylacetamide, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, butyl lactate, butyl acetate, methyl methoxypropionate, B Ethyl oxypropionate, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol-isopropyl ether, ethylene glycol-n-butyl ether (butyl cellosolve), ethylene glycol Dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether Acid ester, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, isoamyl propionate, isoamyl isobutyrate, diisoamyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate Diester and the like. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two. Mix on top.

The solid content concentration in the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention (the ratio of the total weight of the components other than the solvent of the liquid crystal alignment agent to the total weight of the liquid crystal alignment agent) is appropriately selected in consideration of viscosity, volatility, and the like, but is appropriately selected. It is preferably in the range of 1% by weight to 10% by weight. In other words, the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is applied to the surface of the substrate as described later, and is preferably heated to form a coating film as a liquid crystal alignment film or a coating film to be a liquid crystal alignment film. However, at this time, the solid content concentration is less than 1 In the case of % by weight, the film thickness of the coating film is too small, and it is difficult to obtain a good liquid crystal alignment film. On the other hand, when the solid content concentration exceeds 10% by weight, the film thickness of the coating film becomes too large, and it is difficult to obtain a favorable liquid crystal alignment film, and the viscosity of the liquid crystal alignment agent increases, and the coating property is deteriorated. tendency.

The range of the particularly preferable solid content concentration differs depending on the method used when the liquid crystal alignment agent is applied onto the substrate. For example, in the case of using the rotator method, the solid content concentration is particularly preferably in the range of 1.5% by weight to 4.5% by weight. In the case of using the printing method, it is particularly preferable to set the solid content concentration to a range of 3% by weight to 9% by weight, thereby setting the solution viscosity to 12 mPa. s~50mPa. The scope of s. In the case of using the inkjet method, it is particularly preferable to set the solid content concentration to a range of 1% by weight to 5% by weight, thereby setting the solution viscosity to 3 mPa. s~15mPa. The scope of s. The temperature at which the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is prepared is preferably from 10 ° C to 100 ° C, and more preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C.

<Liquid alignment film and liquid crystal display element>

The liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention is formed using a liquid crystal alignment agent prepared in the manner described. Further, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a liquid crystal alignment film formed using the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention. Driving mode of a liquid crystal display element to which the present invention is applied It is not particularly limited and can be applied to twisted nematic (TN) type, super twisted nematic (STN) type, in-plane switching (IPS) type, and fringe field switching (fringe Various switching modes such as field switching, FFS), vertical alignment (VA) type, MVA type, and PSA type, and particularly preferably applied to the PSA mode.

The PSA mode liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be produced, for example, by a method comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) applying the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention to a pair of substrates having a conductive film, respectively. a step of heating the film to form a coating film on the conductive film, and (2) arranging the liquid crystal cell by arranging the pair of substrates on which the coating film is formed to face the coating film via the liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal compound And (3) a step of irradiating the liquid crystal cell with light in a state where a voltage is applied between the conductive films of the pair of substrates.

[Step (1): Formation of coating film]

First, a liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is applied onto a substrate, and then the coated surface is heated to form a coating film on the substrate. For the substrate of the liquid crystal display element, for example, glass such as float glass or soda glass can be used; and polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyether oxime, poly A transparent substrate of plastic such as carbonate or poly(alicyclic olefin). It is preferable to use a transparent conductive film for the conductive film of the substrate. For example, a Nesser (NESA) film containing tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) (registered trademark of PPG, USA), and an indium oxide-tin oxide (In ₂ O) may be used. ITO film of ₃ -SnO ₂ ). The conductive film is preferably a patterned conductive film that is divided into a plurality of regions. When such a conductive film is formed, when a voltage is applied between the conductive films, the direction of the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules can be changed in each region by applying a different voltage to each region, thereby further expanding the viewing angle characteristics. . In order to obtain a patterned transparent conductive film, for example, a method of forming a pattern by photo etching after forming a transparent conductive film without a pattern, and a mask having a desired pattern when forming a transparent conductive film may be employed. The method of the cover, etc.

As a method of coating the liquid crystal alignment agent on the substrate, it is preferable to use an offset printing method, a spin coating method, a roll coater method, or an inkjet printing method. Method) to proceed. When the liquid crystal alignment agent is applied, in order to improve the adhesion between the surface of the substrate and the transparent conductive film and the coating film, the surface on which the coating film is to be formed on the surface of the substrate may be coated with a functional decane compound or a functional titanium compound. Pre-processing.

After the liquid crystal alignment agent is applied onto the substrate, preheating (prebake) is preferably performed for the purpose of preventing the flow of the applied liquid crystal alignment agent. The prebaking temperature is preferably from 30 ° C to 200 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 150 ° C, and particularly preferably from 40 ° C to 100 ° C. The prebaking time is preferably from 0.25 minutes to 10 minutes, more preferably from 0.5 minutes to 5 minutes. The solvent is then completely removed and a calcination (postbake) step is carried out as needed for the purpose of thermally imidizing the proline structure present in the polymer. The post-baking temperature is preferably from 80 ° C to 300 ° C, more preferably from 120 ° C to 250 ° C. The post-baking time is preferably from 5 minutes to 200 minutes, more preferably from 10 minutes to 100 minutes. The film thickness of the film formed as described above is preferably 0.001 μm to 1 μm, and more preferably 0.005 μm to 0.5 μm.

The liquid crystal alignment agent is applied and then heated to remove the organic solvent, thereby forming a coating film to be an alignment film. At this time, the polymer contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent is polyamic acid, or polyphthalate, or a quinone ring structure and a guanidine structure. In the case of an imidized polymer, a dehydration ring-closure reaction may be carried out by further heating after the formation of the coating film to prepare a coating film which is further imidized. In the case of the PSA mode, the post-baking coating film can be directly used to carry out the following steps. However, in order to control the collapse of the liquid crystal molecules, the alignment film can be separated by a simple method. Weak friction treatment. This rubbing treatment can be carried out by rubbing the coating film in a certain direction by a roll wound with a cloth containing fibers such as nylon, rayon, cotton or the like.

[Step (2): Construction of liquid crystal cell]

Two substrates in which the coating film was formed as described above were prepared, and a liquid crystal layer was formed by disposing a liquid crystal layer between two substrates arranged at a predetermined interval. For the production of the liquid crystal cell, for example, the following two methods are exemplified. The first method is a previously known method (vacuum injection method). First, the two substrates are placed facing each other with a gap (cell gap) of, for example, 1 μm to 5 μm between the substrates, and the peripheral portions of the two substrates are bonded together with a sealant so that the coating film on each of the substrates faces each other. The liquid crystal cell is produced by injecting a liquid crystal composition into a cell gap defined by the surface of the substrate and the sealant, and then filling the injection hole. The second method is a method called the One Drop Fill (ODF) method. Applying, for example, an ultraviolet curable sealant to a predetermined position on one of the two substrates on which the coating film is formed, and then adding a liquid crystal composition to a predetermined number of portions on the surface of the coating film, The film is bonded to another substrate in a facing manner, and the liquid crystal composition is spread over the entire surface of the substrate, and then the entire surface of the substrate is irradiated with ultraviolet light to harden the sealant, thereby manufacturing a liquid crystal cell. In the case of using any of the methods, the liquid crystal cell produced in the above manner can be further heated to a temperature at which the liquid crystal molecules used become an isotropic phase, and then slowly cooled to room temperature, thereby removing the liquid crystal filling. Time distribution to.

As the liquid crystal composition to be used, a composition containing a liquid crystal compound and a photopolymerizable compound can be preferably used. As the liquid crystal compound, a nematic liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy can be preferably used. For example, dicyanobenzene liquid crystal, pyridazine liquid crystal, Schiff base liquid crystal, and oxidation can be used. An azoxy liquid crystal, a biphenyl liquid crystal, a phenyl cyclohexane liquid crystal, a terphenyl liquid crystal, or the like. Further, from the viewpoint of further accelerating the response speed of the PSA mode liquid crystal display element, the liquid crystal compound may be used in combination with an alkenyl liquid crystal. A conventionally known liquid crystal can be used for the alkenyl-based liquid crystal, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the following formula (L1-1) to formula (L1-9). In addition, the liquid crystal compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the photopolymerizable compound, a compound having a functional group capable of undergoing radical polymerization such as an acrylonitrile group, a methacryloyl group or a vinyl group can be used. From the viewpoint of reactivity, it is preferably polyfunctional, and among them, it is more preferably at least one of two or more acryloyl groups and methacryl groups. Further, from the viewpoint of maintaining the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules to be stable, the photopolymerizable compound is preferably used in a total of 2 At least one of a cyclohexane ring and a benzene ring is used as a compound of a liquid crystal skeleton. Further, as the photopolymerizable compound, a conventionally known compound can be used. The compounding ratio of the photopolymerizable compound is preferably from 0.1% by weight to 0.5% by weight based on the total amount of the liquid crystalline compound to be used.

Further, the liquid crystal composition may contain, for example, a polymerization initiator, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a stabilizer, and the like in addition to the compound. The amount of these other ingredients may be appropriately adjusted depending on the other ingredients used. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is preferably set to 1 μm to 5 μm. Further, as the sealant, for example, an epoxy resin containing a curing agent and an alumina ball as a spacer can be used.

[Step (3): Light irradiation step]

After the liquid crystal cell is constructed, the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with light in a state where a voltage is applied between the conductive films of the pair of substrates. The voltage applied here can be set to, for example, a direct current of 5V to 50V or an alternating current. Further, as the light to be irradiated, for example, ultraviolet light and visible light including light having a wavelength of 150 nm to 800 nm can be used, but ultraviolet light containing light having a wavelength of 300 nm to 400 nm is preferable. As the light source for illuminating light, for example, a low pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp, an argon resonance lamp, a xenon lamp, an excimer laser or the like can be used. Further, the ultraviolet light in the preferred wavelength region can be obtained by a method in which a light source is used in combination with, for example, a filter, a diffraction grating, or the like. The irradiation amount of light is preferably 1,000 J/m ² or more and less than 200,000 J/m ² , and more preferably 1,000 J/m ² to 150,000 J/m ² .

Next, a liquid crystal display element is obtained by bonding a polarizing plate to the outer surface of the liquid crystal cell after light irradiation. The polarizing plate used herein may be a polarizing plate in which a polarizing film called an "H film" is sandwiched between a cellulose acetate protective film or a polarizing plate including an H film itself. Vinyl alcohol extends to one side It is a polarizing film that absorbs iodine.

The liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be effectively applied to various devices, for example, can be used for: a timepiece, a portable game, a word processor, a note type personal computer, or a note type personal computer. A display device such as a car navigation system, a camcorder, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a digital camera, a mobile phone, a smart phone, various monitors, and a liquid crystal television.

[Examples]

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the invention is not limited by the examples.

In the following examples and comparative examples, the oxime imidization ratio of the polyimine in the polymer solution, the solution viscosity of the polymer solution, the weight average molecular weight of the polymer, and the epoxy equivalent were measured by the following methods.

[醯Iminization rate of polyimine]

The solution of polyimine is put into pure water, and the obtained precipitate is sufficiently dried under reduced pressure at room temperature, and then dissolved in deuterated dimethyl hydrazine, and tetramethyl decane is used as a reference substance at room temperature. ¹ H- NMR measurement ^{(1 H-Nuclear magnetic resonance,} 1 H-NMR). From the obtained ¹ H-NMR spectrum, the oxime imidization ratio [%] was determined by the following formula (1).

醯imination rate [%]=(1-A ¹¹ /A ¹² ×α)×100...(1)

(In the formula (1), A ¹¹ is the peak area of the proton derived from the NH group appearing near the chemical shift of 10 ppm, A ¹² is the peak area derived from other protons, and α is the precursor of the other protons relative to the polymer The ratio of the number of protons of the NH group in (polyglycine).)

[Solid viscosity of polymer solution]

A solution having a polymer concentration of 10% by weight was prepared using a prescribed type of solvent using an E-type rotational viscometer, and the solution viscosity of the polymer solution was measured at 25 ° C [mPa. s].

[weight average molecular weight of polymer]

The weight average molecular weight is a polystyrene equivalent value measured by gel permeation chromatography under the following conditions.

Pipe column: manufactured by Tosoh (stock), TSKgelGRCXLII

Solvent: tetrahydrofuran

Temperature: 40 ° C

Pressure: 68kgf/cm ²

[epoxy equivalent]

The epoxy equivalent was measured by the hydrochloric acid-methyl ethyl ketone method described in JIS C 2105.

<Synthesis of Compounds>

[Example 1A: Synthesis of Compound (da-5)]

The compound represented by the formula (da-5) (hereinafter also referred to as the compound (da-5)) is synthesized according to the following Scheme 1.

[Chemistry 19]

12.5 g (62.8 mmol) of bis(3-pyridylmethyl)amine, 150 ml of dichloromethane, and 15.9 ml (114 mmol) of triethylamine were mixed, and while cooling in an ice bath, 3,5- was added dropwise. A solution obtained by dissolving 13.2 g (57.1 mmol) of dinitrobenzidine chloride in 50 ml of dichloromethane was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction, 500 ml of ethyl acetate and 500 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added, and the mixture was washed 4 times with 400 ml of distilled water. After drying the organic layer with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of dinitrogen (the compound represented by the formula (dm-5)) 17.7 g (45.0 mmol). The yield was 78.7%).

Then, 17.7 g (45.0 mmol) of the dinitrogen, 1.77 g of 5% palladium carbon (containing 50% of water), 90 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 90 ml of ethanol were mixed, and a balloon to which hydrogen gas was added was placed, and under a hydrogen atmosphere, Stir at room temperature for 5 hours. After the reaction, the palladium carbon was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was concentrated to give a brown powdery compound (da-5) 12.8 g (38.3 mmol, yield: 85.1%).

[Example 2A: Synthesis of Compound (da-6)]

The compound represented by the formula (da-6) (hereinafter also referred to as the compound (da-6)) is synthesized according to the following Scheme 2.

[Chemistry 20]

11.3 g (50.0 mmol) of 2,4-dinitrophenylacetic acid, 9.96 g (50.0 mmol) of bis(3-pyridylmethyl)amine, and 200 ml of dichloromethane were mixed and cooled in an ice bath. Add 11.5 g (60.0 mmol) of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, 1.22 g of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine ( 10.0 mmol), stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction, 800 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed 4 times with 400 ml of distilled water. After drying the organic layer with magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of dinitrogen (the compound represented by the formula (dm-6)) 16.4 g (40.3 mmol) The yield was 80.5%).

Then, 16.4 g (40.3 mmol) of the dinitrogen, 1.64 g of 5% palladium carbon (containing 50% of water), 80 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 80 ml of ethanol were mixed, and a balloon to which hydrogen gas was added was installed, and under a hydrogen atmosphere, Stir at room temperature for 6 hours. After the reaction, the palladium carbon was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was concentrated to give a brown powdery compound (da-6) 11.5 g (33.0 mmol, yield: 82.0%).

[Example 3A: Synthesis of Compound (da-37)]

The compound represented by the formula (da-37) (hereinafter also referred to as a compound (da-37)) is synthesized according to the following Scheme 3.

12.9 g (96.7 mmol) of iminodiacetic acid and 145 ml of a 2 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were mixed, and 22.3 g (96.7 mmol) of 3,5-dinitrobenzimidyl chloride was added dropwise while cooling in an ice bath. The solution obtained by dissolving in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, 300 ml of 1 M diluted hydrochloric acid was added while cooling in an ice bath, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried. Then, recrystallization was carried out in 200 ml of ethyl acetate, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a white powdery dicarboxylic acid (the compound represented by the formula (dm-37-1)) 15.3 g (46.7) M, the yield was 48.3%).

Then, 15.3 g (46.7 mmol) of the dicarboxylic acid, 10.6 g (98.1 mmol) of 3-aminomethylpyridine, and 200 ml of dichloromethane were mixed, and 1-ethyl group was added while cooling in an ice bath. 2-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride 21.5 g (112 mmol), N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine 2.28 g (18.7 mmol), in the room Stir for 3 hours under temperature. After the reaction, 800 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed 4 times with 400 ml of distilled water. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated, and the obtained solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate (100 ml) The precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of a dinitrogen (the compound represented by the formula (dm-37-2)) (17.5 g (34.6 mmol, yield: 74.1%).

Then, 17.5 g (34.6 mmol) of the dinitrogen, 1.75 g of 5% palladium carbon (containing 50% of water), 70 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 70 ml of ethanol were mixed, and a balloon to which hydrogen gas was added was installed, under a hydrogen atmosphere. Stir at room temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, palladium carbon was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was concentrated to give a brown powdery compound (da-37) 13.5 g (30.3 mmol, yield: 87.6%).

[Example 4A: Synthesis of Compound (da-67)]

The compound represented by the formula (da-67) (hereinafter also referred to as the compound (da-67)) is synthesized according to the following Scheme 4.

13.1 g (50.0 mmol) of 2,4-dinitrobenzyl bromide, 9.96 g (50.0 mmol) of bis(3-pyridylmethyl)amine, 8.29 g (60.0 mmol) of potassium carbonate, 1.66 g (10.0 mmol) of potassium iodide. 200 ml of N,N-dimethylacetamide was mixed and stirred at 100 ° C for 5 hours. After the reaction, 600 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed four times with 600 ml of distilled water. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, concentrated, and the obtained solid was recrystallized from 200 ml of ethanol, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of dinitrogen (the formula (dm-67) Compound represented) 15.7g (41.4 mmol, yield 82.8%).

Then, 15.7 g (41.4 mmol) of the dinitroplast, 1.57 g of 5% palladium carbon (containing 50% of water), 80 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 80 ml of ethanol were mixed, and a balloon to which hydrogen gas was added was placed in a hydrogen atmosphere. Stir at room temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, the palladium carbon was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was concentrated to give a brown powdery compound (da-67) 12.2 g (38.2 mmol, yield: 92.3%).

[Example 5A: Synthesis of Compound (da-70)]

The compound represented by the formula (da-70) (hereinafter also referred to as the compound (da-70)) is synthesized according to the following Scheme 5.

102 g (750 mmol) of pentaerythritol, 41.8 ml (300 mmol) of triethylamine, and 750 ml of tetrahydrofuran were mixed, and while cooling in an ice bath, 12.8 g (75.0 mmol) of 3,5-dinitrobenzimidyl chloride was added dropwise. The solution obtained by dissolving in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. After the reaction, 1500 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed four times with 750 ml of distilled water. Drying the organic layer with magnesium sulfate, After concentration, the obtained solid was recrystallized from 100 ml of ethyl acetate and 300 ml of hexane, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of a triol (formed by the formula (dm-70-1)). The compound) was 18.9 g (57.2 mmol, yield 76.3%).

Then, 18.9 g (57.2 mmol) of the triol, 21.1 g (172 mmol) of nicotinic acid, and 250 ml of dichloromethane were mixed, and 1-ethyl-3-(3-) was added while cooling in an ice bath. 39.5 g (206 mmol) of dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and 4.19 g (34.3 mmol) of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine were stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, 800 ml of ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed 4 times with 400 ml of distilled water. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, concentrated, and the obtained solid was recrystallized from 200 ml of ethanol, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried to obtain a brown powder of dinitrogen (the formula (dm-70-2) The compound represented by the formula) was 29.6 g (45.9 mmol, yield: 80.4%).

Then, 29.6 g (45.9 mmol) of the dinitrogen, 2.96 g of 5% palladium carbon (containing 50% of water), 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 100 ml of ethanol were mixed, and a balloon to which hydrogen gas was added was installed, and under a hydrogen atmosphere, Stir at room temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, the palladium carbon was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was concentrated to give a brown powdery compound (da-70) 23.8 g (40.7 mmol, yield: 88.7%).

<Synthesis of Polymer>

[Example 1B: Synthesis of Polyimine (PI-1)]

100 parts of 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride (TCA) as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 70 parts of p-phenylenediamine (PDA) as diamine, 3,5- Dimethyl benzoic acid cholesteryl ester (HCDA) 20 moles, and compound (da-5) 10 moles, dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), carried out at 60 ° C 6 hours The reaction was carried out to obtain a solution containing 20% by weight of polyamic acid. A small amount of the obtained polyaminic acid solution was added, and NMP was added to prepare a solution having a polyglycine concentration of 10% by weight, and the solution viscosity was determined to be 80 mPa. s.

Then, NMP was added to the obtained polyaminic acid solution to prepare a solution having a polyglycine concentration of 7 wt%, and 1.0 mol per mol of the total amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride used. Pyridine and acetic anhydride were separately added, and a dehydration ring-closure reaction was carried out at 110 ° C for 4 hours. After the dehydration ring closure reaction, the solvent in the system is subjected to solvent replacement by a new NMP (by this operation, the pyridine and acetic anhydride used in the dehydration ring-closure reaction are removed to the outside of the system; the same applies hereinafter), thereby obtaining a ruthenium-containing imidization. A solution of about 26% polyethylenimine (PI-1) 26% by weight.

[Example 2B to Example 9B, Synthesis Example 1, Synthesis Example 2]

The same as Example 1B except that the type and amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine to be used and the amounts of pyridine and acetic anhydride used in the imidization of ruthenium were changed as shown in Table 1 below. The way to synthesize polyimine (PI-2) ~ polyimine (PI-11). The measurement results of the ruthenium iodization ratio of the obtained polymer are shown together in Table 1 below. Further, in Example 7B, a monoamine was used together with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine at the time of synthesizing a polymer.

In Table 1, the numerical value in ( ) of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride indicates the use ratio [mol%] of 100 mol parts with respect to the total of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for the synthetic polymer. The numerical value in ( ) of the diamine and the monoamine indicates the use ratio [mol%] relative to 100 mol parts of the total of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for the synthesis of the polymer. The abbreviations in Table 1 are respectively the following meanings. In addition, "-" in Table 1 means that the compound in this column is not used.

<tetracarboxylic dianhydride>

TCA: 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride

BODA: 2,4,6,8-tetracarboxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2:4,6:8-dianhydride

CB: 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride

MTDA: 1,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-8-methyl-5-(tetrahydro-2,5-dioxo-3-furanyl)-naphtho[1,2-c Furan-1,3-dione

PMDA: pyromellitic dianhydride

<Diamine>

PDA: p-phenylenediamine

HCDA: 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid cholesteryl ester

35DAB: 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid

HCODA: cholesteryl-2,4-diaminobenzene

LDA: the compound represented by the formula (Y-1-4)

D-1: 1,3-diamino-4-{4-[trans-4-(trans-4-n-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexyl]phenoxy}benzene (the formula (Y- 1-2) the compound represented)

D-2: 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyldioxane

D-3: 3,6-bis(4-aminobenzylideneoxy)cholestane

D-5: 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl

D-6: 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane

D-7: 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl

D-8: 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether

Da-x: a compound represented by the following formula (da-x)

<monoamine>

D-4: aniline

[Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Polylysine (PA-1)]

100 parts of 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (CB) as tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'- as diamine 100 parts of diaminobiphenyl, dissolved in a mixed solvent of NMP and γ-butyrolactone (γBL) (NMP: γBL = 10:90 (weight ratio)), and reacted at 40 ° C for 3 hours to obtain A solution containing 10% by weight of polyaminic acid (PA-1). A small amount of the obtained poly-proline solution was obtained and the viscosity of the solution was determined to be 180 mPa. s.

[Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of polyproline (PA-2)]

The same operation as in Synthesis Example 3 was carried out except that the type and amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine to be used were changed as described in Table 1, thereby obtaining polyglycine (PA-2). 10% by weight solution. A small amount of the obtained poly-proline solution was obtained and the viscosity of the solution was 150 mPa. s.

[Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of polyorganosiloxane (APS-1)]

In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel, and a reflux cooling tube, 100.0 g of 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxydecane (ECETS) and 500 g of methyl isobutyl ketone were charged. And 10.0 g of triethylamine was mixed at room temperature. Then, 100 g of deionized water was added dropwise from the dropping funnel over 30 minutes, and the reaction was carried out at 80 ° C for 6 hours while stirring under reflux. After completion of the reaction, the organic layer was taken out and washed with a 0.2% by weight aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate until the water after washing became neutral. Then, the solvent and water were distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a reaction as a viscous transparent liquid. Polyorganosiloxane (EPS-1). ¹ H-NMR analysis of the reactive polyorganooxane showed that the epoxy group-based peak was obtained as the theoretical strength in the vicinity of the chemical shift (δ) = 3.2 ppm, and it was confirmed that the epoxy group was not produced in the reaction. reaction. The obtained reactive polyorganosiloxane had a weight average molecular weight Mw of 3,500 and an epoxy equivalent of 180 g/mol (g/mol).

Then, 10.0 g of a reactive polyorganosiloxane (EPS-1), 30.28 g of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent, and 4-dodecyloxy group as a reactive compound were placed in a 200 mL three-necked flask. 3.98 g of benzoic acid and 0.10 g of UCAT 18X (trade name, manufactured by San-Apro Co., Ltd.) as a catalyst were reacted at 100 ° C for 48 hours while stirring. After completion of the reaction, the solution obtained by adding ethyl acetate to the reaction mixture was washed with water three times, and the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off to obtain a liquid crystal-aligned polyorganosiloxane (APS-1). 9.0g. The weight average molecular weight Mw of the obtained polymer was 9,900.

[Example 10B, Example 11B]

The same as Example 1B except that the type and amount of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the diamine to be used and the amounts of pyridine and acetic anhydride used in the imidization of ruthenium were changed as shown in Table 2 below. Ways to synthesize polyimine (PI-12), polyimine (PI-13). The measurement results of the ruthenium iodization ratio of the obtained polymer are shown together in Table 2 below. In addition, the description of each numerical value, abbreviated and "-" in Table 2 is the same as that of the above-mentioned Table 1.

<Preparation of liquid crystal composition>

[Preparation of Liquid Crystal Composition LC1]

Into 10 g of a nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Merck Co., Ltd., MLC-6608), 0.3% by weight of the photopolymerizable compound represented by the following formula (pc-1) was added and mixed to obtain a liquid crystal composition LC1. .

[Preparation of Liquid Crystal Composition LC2]

For 10 g of the nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Merck & Co., MLC-6608), 5 wt% of the liquid crystal compound represented by the formula (L1-1) and photopolymerization represented by the following formula (pc-1) The compound was mixed at 0.3% by weight to obtain a liquid crystal composition LC2.

[Example 1C]

<Preparation of liquid crystal alignment agent>

In a solution containing the polyimine (PI-1) obtained in the above Example 1B as a polymer, NMP and butyl cellosolve (BC) were added as an organic solvent to prepare a solvent composition of NMP:BC=50: 50 (weight ratio), a solution having a solid concentration of 6.0% by weight. This solution was filtered using a filter having a pore size of 1 μm, thereby preparing a liquid crystal alignment agent (S1).

<Manufacture of liquid crystal cell>

The prepared liquid crystal alignment agent (S1) of Example 1C was applied to each electrode surface of two glass substrates each having an ITO electrode using a liquid crystal alignment film printer (manufactured by Japan Photo Printing Co., Ltd.), The ITO electrode was patterned into a slit shape as shown in FIG. 1 and divided into a plurality of regions, and heated (prebaked) on a hot plate at 80 ° C for 1 minute to remove the solvent, and then heated on a hot plate at 150 ° C. (post-baking) For 10 minutes, a coating film having an average film thickness of 600 Å was formed. This coating film was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in ultrapure water for 1 minute, and then dried in a 100 ° C clean oven for 10 minutes to obtain a substrate having a coating film to be a liquid crystal alignment film. This operation was repeated to obtain a pair of (two pieces) substrates having a coating film. Further, the pattern of the electrodes used is the same pattern as the electrode pattern in the PSA mode.

Then, an epoxy resin adhesive having an alumina ball having a diameter of 5.5 μm is applied to each of the outer edges of the pair of substrates having the coating film, and then the film is superposed and laminated so as to face each other. The agent hardens. Then, the prepared liquid crystal composition LC1 was filled between the pair of substrates from the liquid crystal injection port, and then the liquid crystal injection port was sealed with an acrylic photocurable adhesive. Then, light was applied at a dose of 100,000 J/m ² in a state where a voltage was applied between the conductive films of the obtained liquid crystal cells.

<Reliability evaluation>

The reliability of the liquid crystal alignment film (liquid crystal display element) was evaluated using the manufactured liquid crystal cell (liquid crystal cell after light irradiation). Evaluation was performed in the following manner. First, a voltage of 5 V was applied to the liquid crystal cell with an application time of 60 microseconds and a span of 167 milliseconds, and then the voltage retention rate after 167 milliseconds from the application release was measured. (VHR1). Then, the liquid crystal cell was allowed to stand in an 80 ° C oven irradiated with a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp for 200 hours, and then allowed to stand at room temperature to be naturally cooled to room temperature. After cooling, a voltage of 5 V was applied to the liquid crystal cell at an application time of 60 microseconds and a span of 167 milliseconds, and then the voltage holding ratio (VHR2) after 167 milliseconds from the application release was measured. Further, the measuring device was "VHR-1" manufactured by Toyo Technica. The rate of change (ΔVHR) of VHR at this time was calculated by the following formula (2), and the reliability of the liquid crystal alignment film was evaluated based on ΔVHR. The evaluation was performed in such a manner that the reliability was "very good (?)" when the ΔVHR was less than 1.0%, and the reliability was "good (○)" when the ΔVHR was 1.0% or more and less than 1.5%. When the ΔVHR was 1.5% or more and less than 2.0%, the reliability was "may" (Δ), and the case where ΔVHR was 2.0% or more was evaluated as the reliability "(x)". As a result, in Example 1C, the reliability was "very good".

△VHR[%]=(VHR1-VHR2)/(VHR1)×100...(2)

<Example 2C to Example 9C, and Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2>

A liquid crystal alignment agent was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1C except that the composition of the liquid crystal alignment agent was changed to that shown in Table 3 below. Further, a liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1C using each liquid crystal alignment agent, and the produced liquid crystal cell was evaluated. Further, in Example 3C and Example 4C, the liquid crystal composition used was changed from LC1 to LC2. The results of these evaluations are shown in the following table. 3 in.

As shown in Table 3, in each of Examples 1C to 9C, even after exposure for a long time (200 hours) under light irradiation and a stress environment of 80 ° C, the voltage holding ratio was less decreased, and the reliability was good. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the voltage holding ratio was largely lowered by the application of optical stress and thermal stress.

Further, the liquid crystal alignment agent of the above-described Example 1C to Example 9C was used except that the pattern of the ITO electrode 1 on the glass substrate was changed to the fish bone-shaped electrode pattern as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. A liquid crystal cell was fabricated in the same manner as in the above Example 1C, and evaluated. Also in this case, the same effects as those of the embodiment 1C to the embodiment 9C are exhibited.

<Example 10C, Example 11C>

In addition to changing the composition of the liquid crystal alignment agent to be as shown in Table 4 below, A liquid crystal alignment agent was separately prepared in the same manner as in Example 1C. Further, a liquid crystal cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1C using each liquid crystal alignment agent, and the produced liquid crystal cell was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

As shown in Table 4, in Example 10C which comprises a polymer synthesized using the diamine in which Q ¹ in the formula (d-1A) is a nitrogen atom, the reliability was "very good". Further, in Example 11C containing a polymer synthesized using a diamine in which Q ¹ is a carbon atom, the reliability was evaluated as "available". Further, the liquid crystal alignment agent of the above-described Example 10C and Example 11C was used in the same manner as in the above-described Example 1C except that the pattern of the ITO electrode on the glass substrate was changed to the electrode pattern of FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. A liquid crystal cell was produced and evaluated. In this case, the same result is also exhibited respectively.

1‧‧‧ITO electrode

Claims (12)

A liquid crystal alignment agent containing a polymer (P) having a specific structure represented by the following formula (1A): (In the formula (1A), R ² is a divalent organic group, and X ¹ is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring; wherein a plurality of R ² in the formula may be the same or different, and a plurality of X ¹ may be the same or may be the same Different; Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a halogen atom, Y ¹ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, t=2 and s=0, in Q ¹ In the case of a germanium atom, t=3 and s=0, in the case where Q ¹ is a carbon atom, t is 2 or 3, and s=3-t). The liquid crystal alignment agent according to claim 1, wherein the specific structure is represented by the following formula (1-1A): (In the formula (1-1A), when Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom or a carbon atom, R ³ is an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and in the case where Q ¹ is a halogen atom, R ³ is a single bond. Or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R ⁴ is a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and A ¹ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, * ¹ -COO-, * ¹ - OCO-, * ¹ -CONH- or * ¹ -NHCO- ("* ¹ " represents a bond with R ³ ); wherein, in the case where R ³ is a single bond, A ¹ is -O- or * ¹ - A plurality of R ³ in the formula OCO-; may be the same or different, and a plurality of R ^{4 's} may be the same or different, and a plurality of A ^{1 's} may be the same or different; X ¹ , Q ¹ , Y ¹ , t and s has the same meaning as the above formula (1A); "*" means a binding bond). The liquid crystal alignment agent according to claim 1, wherein the polymer (P) is at least one selected from the group consisting of polylysine, polyphthalate, and polyamidiamine. The liquid crystal alignment agent according to claim 3, wherein the polymer (P) is a group selected from the group consisting of tetracarboxylic dianhydride, tetracarboxylic acid diester, and tetracarboxylic acid diester dihalide. a compound obtained by reacting at least one compound in a group with a diamine, and the diamine comprises a compound represented by the following formula (d-1A): (In the formula (d-1A), R ¹ is a single bond or a divalent organic group; and R ² , X ¹ , Q ¹ , Y ¹ , t and s have the same meanings as the above formula (1A)). The liquid crystal alignment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom. The liquid crystal alignment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polymer (P) is selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetic acid dianhydride, 2 , 4,6,8-tetracarboxybicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2:4,6:8-dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2, At least one tetracarboxylic dianhydride in a group consisting of 4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, and having the specific structure The polymer obtained by the reaction of the diamine. A liquid crystal alignment film which is formed using the liquid crystal alignment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A liquid crystal display element comprising the liquid crystal alignment film according to item 7 of the patent application. A method for producing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: applying a liquid crystal alignment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to the conductive film of a pair of substrates having a conductive film, a step of heating the film to form a coating film; and arranging a pair of substrates on which the coating film is formed to face the coating film to form a liquid crystal cell, and a liquid crystal layer; a step of irradiating the liquid crystal cell with light in a state where a voltage is applied between the conductive films of the pair of substrates. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, comprising a monofunctional liquid crystal compound having one of an alkenyl group and a fluoroalkenyl group as the liquid crystal compound. A polymer containing a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring having a specific structure represented by the following formula (1A): (In the formula (1A), R ² is a divalent organic group, and X ¹ is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring; wherein a plurality of R ² in the formula may be the same or different, and a plurality of X ¹ may be the same or may be the same Different; Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a halogen atom, Y ¹ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; in the case where Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, t=2 and s=0, in Q ¹ In the case of a germanium atom, t=3 and s=0, in the case where Q ¹ is a carbon atom, t is 2 or 3, and s=3-t). A compound containing a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring represented by the following formula (d-1A): (In the formula (d-1A), R ¹ is a single bond or a divalent organic group, R ² is a divalent organic group, and X ¹ is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring; wherein a plurality of R ² in the formula may be the same, Alternatively, a plurality of X ^{1 's} may be the same or different; Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or a ruthenium atom, Y ¹ is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and when Q ¹ is a nitrogen atom Next, t=2 and s=0. In the case where Q ¹ is a germanium atom, t=3 and s=0. In the case where Q ¹ is a carbon atom, t is 2 or 3, and s=3-t ).