200922990 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬技術領域】 交叉參考之相關申請案 本申請案主張於2007年9月28曰申請之美國臨時專利 5申請案序號第60/976,294號之利益。 發明領域 本發明概括關於屏蔽駕駛艙與空服組員、乘客及貨物 在空中及太空旅行期間免於宇宙輕射暴露的方法，其係使 用包括併入具有高中子捕獲截面積之金屬的多面體倍半石夕 10 =烧寡聚物之材料。本發明亦可被用於屏蔽人類 '動物、 豕畜組織及其他活體生物免於宇宙輻射。。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to a method of shielding cockpit and air service crew members, passengers, and cargo from cosmic light exposure during air and space travel, using a polyhedron half comprising a metal incorporating a high neutron capture cross-sectional area. Shi Xi 10 = material of the oligomer. The invention can also be used to shield human 'animals, baboons and other living organisms from cosmic radiation.
【先前J 發明背景 15 20 發月關於多面體倍半⑪氧燒寡聚物、倍半妙氧燒、 I面體㈣鹽募聚物、賴鹽及科氧或金屬化多面體件 半矽氧烷寡聚物、件丰故盡 " :可物用途。多面體倍半 二:二 烷、多面體矽酸睫窠取舲Λ ^ 乔本初仏牛矽虱 體倍半砍氧料聚物二“二鹽及聚⑪氧或金屬化多面 石夕酸鹽及聚錢在下讀稱為“二^财《寡聚物、 含石夕劑先前被用於錯合 以聚合物鏈在奈米太承，、子。此等含矽劑有用於 具有分散在勻地分散^金屬且合金化。 物載㈣之金屬科料销具有屏蔽 3 200922990 敏感性電子組份免於離子化輻射之損害效應的功效。 宇宙輪射具有-離子化輕射形式，其主要由—級粒 (亦即質子、電子及錄子）及二級粒子（例如，中子）所構 成，此-韓射係在這些粒子達到地球大氣時形成。在海平 5面上’宇宙輻射貢獻約13%之天然環境輻射。 彳 宇宙韓射不同於離子化輻射的其他形式。例如，核工 業工作者或醫學人員最常暴露於r_輕射及χ_射線。抗乂_ 射線及7輻射之屏蔽係藉由使用緻密材料而達成，諸如 鉛。相對地，中子未有效地以緻密金屬屏蔽。中子屏蔽係 10經由以*有大的戴面積之原子捕獲特絲量《中子（例 如’ Gd ’ Sm、Cd)而達成。中子為次原子粒子在與 X-射線或T射線相比時’此中子以每—劑量單位引起更^ 的生物學損害。中子及宇宙輻射的生物學效應通常不被完 全瞭解’但已知離子化㈣的所有形式具有健康風險。 15 通常’宇宙輕射水平隨高度增加而上升（比地面高至多 約20km)。實際的輻射水平受到許多因素影響，最重要地經 由地球大氣所提供之屏蔽。與停留在地面上相比，在飛行 期間的飛灯組員及旅行者的整體效應是增加了韓射暴露。 在地球大氣中的宇宙輻射水平主要依據以下四種依其 20貢獻於輻射水平的重要性次序排列的因素而定： 1.南度。地球大氣層提供免於宇宙輻射的顯著屏蔽。 在較面的南度下’此屏蔽效應降低，導致較高的宇宙輕射 水平。在30,000-40,〇〇〇英吸(9_12km)的習知之飛機飛行高度 下的輻射暴露比地面上高約1〇〇倍。 200922990 2.地理緯度。地球磁場使許多宇純射粒子偏斜，以 另外方式達到地平面。此屏蔽在赤道最有效且在較高的緯 度下降，，基本上在兩極消失。結果從赤道至磁極有約一 加倍的宇宙輻射暴露。 5 10 15 3.正常的太陽輯。太陽活動以—可制方式有一約u 年之週期變化。越高的太陽活動導致越低的宇宙輕射水平 且反之亦然。 曰4.太陽質子事件(SPE)(有時亦稱為“太陽粒子事件，，或 “太陽事件”）。荷電粒子的偶發性大爆炸喷出發生在太陽 上。這些可導致突然增加在大氣中的輕射水平及在地球上 的太陽質子事件。咖不可預測，且由咖所_輻射水 平不均勾地遍及於地球上。其中顯著的宇宙輕射水平到達 地球的大SPE為罕見事件。 ^屏蔽活體組織免於離子化輕射的先前技藝係依據輕 射至式及供環境暴露的特殊條件而改變。例如， 已發展出防曬劑、眼鏡及布以防護w輻射。許多^ 帽:、手套、衣物等已發展出抗χ_射線之屏蔽。、 大量的產品存有抗非離子化電磁力轄射之屏蔽。然而， 先前技藝缺乏防護中子轄射。根據世界衛生組織此 熱中止輻射佔空中組員及空中旅 -/皿及 之有效_劑㈣亀。 心度飛仰間接受 增加在飛機中的聚合物複合物的使用與橫越 一起進—步增加暴露於宇宙轄射的可能性，因為^丁 所使用的金屬及-厚大氣不再存在以供給慣例的屏= 20 200922990 存有—減少飛行組員、駕駛員、乘客及鮮貨在 飛行期間暴露於宇料射暴露的《。其中特別關心的9 減少胎兒及懷孕婦女對宇宙輻射的暴露水平。 疋 t 明内】 5 10 15 發明概要 我們已發現併入—具有高中子捕獲截面積之金屬，以 —聚合物載劑分散之包括含·的屏蔽材料有用於與屏蔽 人類組織對抗宇畔射麟織品組合。具有塗抹劑或乳霜 形式的此等屏騎料亦有詩屏“方便以布㈣ 射暴露的臉部區域、頭髮及手。在各能力中，在屏蔽^ 内的含㈣有效料金屬原子的相容劑及載劑。切劑亦 提供用於彳射損害所生成之離子化產物的陷牌位置。例 如，併入含矽劑中的氧化釓及釓提供抗中子、7及乂射線 幸田射之屏蔽。聚合物或募聚物載劑允許屏蔽材料模製成物 件及施予皮膚。聚合物載劑的第二功能是吸收熱及經由氫 原子含量提供屏蔽。 已發展出有成本效益及可高展開之屏蔽材料，其包括 含石夕劑及具有高中子捕獲截面積之金屬 。這些屏蔽材料被 併入供空中乘客及鮮貨使用的防護衣物中及乳霜或塗抹劑 2〇中。最簡單的溶液形式包含在一衣物内的口袋或凹處内部 放置具有屏蔽材料的預模製飾板。另外，以此等材料塗佈 —物件或從此等材料之纖維編織布及接著製造一衣物將提 供必要的防護。屏蔽材料亦可併入一局部似防曬塗抹劑或 孔霜中’供防護不可以布覆蓋的區域。 200922990 圖式簡單說明 第1A-1C圖顯示非金屬化含矽劑的代表性結構實例。 第2圖顯示金屬化含矽劑的代表性結構實例。 奈米結構之化學式代表的定義 5 U瞭解本發明的化學組成物為目的，提出含矽劑且特 別以多面體倍半石夕氧燒寡聚物(p〇ss)及多面體石夕酸鹽寡聚 物(POS)奈米結構之化學式代表的下列定義。 聚半矽氧烷是以化學式[RSiOu]»代表的材料，其中〇〇 代表聚合之莫耳度及R=代表有機取代基旧、石夕烧氧基、環 狀或直鏈I肪&或芳族基團，其可另外含有反應性官能 度’諸如醇、酿、胺、酮、烯烴、鍵，或其可含有函素）。 聚半石夕氧烧可為全對稱或半對稱。全對稱系統只含有一種 尘式的R基團，而半對稱系統含有超過一種型式以上的R基團。 含矽劑的子集被歸類成P0SS及P〇s奈米結構組成物且 15以下列化學式代表： [(RSi〇l.5)n]E#用於全對稱組成物 [(RSiOi.dJR si〇i.5)m]用於半對稱組成物（其中r#尺，） [(RSiO, 5)n(RSi〇] 0)m(M)j])：#用於雜官能化半對稱組成物 [(RSiO! WRXSiO!丄]Σ #用於官能化半對稱組成物（其中R 20 基團可相同或不相同） 在所有上述之中，R與上述定義相同，而χ包括，但不 限於矽院氧化物、ΟΗ(矽烷醇）、cn、Br、I、烧氧化物(0R)、 乙酸酯(OOCR)、過氧化物(〇〇R)、胺(NR2)、異氰酸醋(NC〇) 及R。符號Μ係指在包括高及低Z金屬之組成物内的金屬元 7 200922990 素，且特別為 A卜 B、Ga、Gd、Ce、w、Ni、Eu、Υ、Zn、[Previous J Background of the Invention 15 20 month for polyhedron sesquioxide 11 oxy-oligomer, sesquiterpene, I-face (iv) salt condensate, lysine salt and oxygen or metallized polyhedral hemi-oxyalkane Polymer, pieces of good luck " : can be used. Polyhedron 1/2: dioxane, polyhedral citrate, 窠 舲Λ ^ Qiao Benchu 仏 矽虱 倍 倍 倍 倍 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ Read the so-called "two qi" "oligomers, containing ceramides previously used to misfit with polymer chains in the nano-chain, and sub-. These bismuth-containing agents are used for alloying with dispersion dispersed in a uniform metal. The metal material charge of the material (4) has shielding 3 200922990 The sensitivity of the sensitive electronic component to the damaging effect of ionizing radiation. The cosmic ray has an ionized light-emitting form consisting mainly of - granules (ie, protons, electrons, and recorders) and secondary particles (eg, neutrons), which are in the Earth's reach. Formed in the atmosphere. On the 5th surface of Haiping, the cosmic radiation contributes about 13% of the natural environmental radiation.宇宙 Cosmic Korean shots are different from other forms of ionizing radiation. For example, nuclear workers or medical personnel are most often exposed to r_light and χ-rays. Shielding of anti-caries and 7-radiation is achieved by the use of dense materials such as lead. In contrast, neutrons are not effectively shielded by dense metals. The neutron shielding system 10 is achieved by capturing a special amount of neutrons (e.g., 'Gd' Sm, Cd) by an atom having a large wearing area. Neutrons are subatomic particles when compared to X-rays or T-rays. This neutron causes more biological damage per unit of dosage. The biological effects of neutron and cosmic radiation are often not fully understood, but all forms of ionization (4) are known to pose health risks. 15 Usually the 'the light level of the universe rises with height (about 20km above the ground). The actual level of radiation is affected by many factors, most importantly by the shielding provided by the Earth's atmosphere. The overall effect of the flying light team members and travellers during the flight period is to increase the exposure of the Korean shot compared to staying on the ground. The level of cosmic radiation in the Earth's atmosphere is based primarily on the following four factors that are ranked in order of importance in terms of the level of radiation: 1. Southern. The Earth's atmosphere provides significant shielding from cosmic radiation. In the face of the south, this shielding effect is reduced, resulting in a higher level of cosmic light. At 30,000-40, the radiation exposure at the flight altitude of the known aircraft (9_12km) is about 1 times higher than that on the ground. 200922990 2. Geographical latitude. The Earth's magnetic field deflects many of the purely pure particles and reaches the ground plane in another way. This shield is most effective at the equator and descends at a higher latitude, essentially disappearing at both poles. As a result, there is about a doubling of cosmic radiation exposure from the equator to the magnetic pole. 5 10 15 3. Normal solar series. The solar activity has a cyclical change of about u years in a manufacturable manner. Higher solar activity results in lower levels of cosmic light and vice versa.曰 4. Solar proton events (SPE) (sometimes referred to as “solar particle events, or “solar events”). The sporadic blast of charged particles occurs in the sun. These can cause sudden increases in the atmosphere. The level of light shots and the solar proton events on Earth. The coffee is unpredictable, and the level of radiation from the coffee beans is unevenly distributed throughout the earth. The remarkable SPE light level reaching the Earth's large SPE is a rare event. Prior art techniques for shielding living tissue from ionizing light radiation have changed depending on the light-emitting type and the special conditions for environmental exposure. For example, sunscreens, glasses, and cloth have been developed to protect against w radiation. Many ^ caps: gloves , clothing, etc. have developed anti-χ ray shielding. A large number of products are shielded against non-ionized electromagnetic force. However, the prior art lacks protective neutron radiation. According to the World Health Organization, this thermal suspension of radiation accounts for Air crew and air brigade - / dish and effective _ agent (four) 亀. Heart rate flying to accept the use of polymer compounds in the aircraft to increase the exposure to the universe The possibility, because the metal used in the ^ and the thick atmosphere no longer exists to supply the usual screen = 20 200922990 exists - to reduce the exposure of flight crew members, drivers, passengers and fresh goods exposed during the flight 9 of which it is of particular concern to reduce exposure to cosmic radiation in fetuses and pregnant women. 疋t 明] 5 10 15 Summary of the Invention We have found that incorporation - a metal with a high neutron capture cross-sectional area, is dispersed by a polymer carrier The shielding material including the shielding material is used for the combination with the shielding human tissue against the Yubin lining fabric. These screen riding materials with the form of smear or cream also have a poem screen, which is convenient for cloth (4) to expose the exposed face area, Hair and hands. Among the various abilities, the compatibilizer and carrier containing the (iv) active metal atom in the shield ^. The dicing agent also provides a trapping position for the ionization product generated by the smashing damage. For example, yttrium oxide and yttrium incorporated into bismuth-containing agents provide shielding against neutrons, 7 and xenon rays. The polymeric or polymeric carrier allows the shielding material to be molded into the article and applied to the skin. The second function of the polymeric carrier is to absorb heat and provide shielding via the hydrogen atom content. Cost-effective and highly expandable shielding materials have been developed which include ceramides and metals with high neutron capture cross-sectional areas. These shielding materials are incorporated into protective clothing for air passengers and fresh goods, and in creams or spreads. The simplest form of solution consists of a pre-molded plaque with a shielding material placed inside a pocket or recess in a garment. In addition, the application of such materials to the article or the fiber woven fabric from such materials and subsequent manufacture of a garment will provide the necessary protection. The barrier material may also be incorporated into a portion of the sunscreen lotion or pore cream that is protected from coverage by the cloth. 200922990 Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1A-1C shows an example of a representative structure of a non-metallized bismuth-containing agent. Figure 2 shows an example of a representative structure of a metallized bismuth-containing agent. Definition of the chemical formula of the nanostructure 5 U For the purpose of understanding the chemical composition of the present invention, an antimony-containing agent and especially a polyhedral sesquiterpene oligomer (p〇ss) and a polyhedral oligo-acid oligomer are proposed. The following definitions represent the chemical formula of the (POS) nanostructure. Polyhalothoxane is a material represented by the chemical formula [RSiOu]», wherein 〇〇 represents the molarity of polymerization and R = represents an organic substituent, an alkaloid, a cyclic or a linear I fat & An aromatic group, which may additionally contain a reactive functionality such as an alcohol, a brew, an amine, a ketone, an olefin, a bond, or it may contain a functional element. The poly-stone oxythermal combustion can be fully symmetrical or semi-symmetrical. A fully symmetrical system contains only one dusty R group, while a semi-symmetric system contains more than one type of R group. The tanning agent-containing subset is classified into P0SS and P〇s nanostructures and 15 is represented by the following chemical formula: [(RSi〇l.5)n]E# for fully symmetric composition [(RSiOi.dJR si 〇i.5)m] for semi-symmetric composition (where r# ruler,) [(RSiO, 5)n(RSi〇] 0)m(M)j]):# for heterofunctional semi-symmetric composition [RSiO! WRXSiO!丄]Σ# for functionalizing semi-symmetric compositions (wherein the R 20 groups may be the same or different). Of all the above, R is the same as defined above, and χ includes, but is not limited to, Brothel oxide, hydrazine (stanol), cn, Br, I, burned oxide (0R), acetate (OOCR), peroxide (〇〇R), amine (NR2), isocyanic acid ( NC〇) and R. The symbol Μ refers to the metal element 7 200922990 in the composition including high and low Z metals, and especially A b, Ga, Gd, Ce, w, Ni, Eu, Υ, Zn ,
Mn、Os、Ir、Ta、Cd、Cu、Ag、V、As、Tb ' In、Ba、Ti、Mn, Os, Ir, Ta, Cd, Cu, Ag, V, As, Tb 'In, Ba, Ti,
Sm、Sr、Pb、Lu、Cs、T1、Te。符號m、n及〗係指組成物 之化學計量。符號Σ代表組成物形成一奈米結構及符號#係 5指在奈米結構内所含的矽原子數量。#之值經常為m+n之總 和，其中η典型地從1至24為範圍及爪典型地為範 圍。應注意Σ#不被混淆成決定化學計量的乘數，因為其僅 敛述系統的整體奈米結構特徵(亦稱為支架尺寸）。 詳細钦述 10 本發明教示含矽劑與金屬原子或金屬粉末及一聚合物 或寡聚物載劑之組合供屏蔽活體組織在空中及太空飛行期 間免於宇宙輻射的用途。本發明提供併入中子屏蔽材料至 紡織品、衣物及塗抹劑中的方法。所有這些方法皆提供某 些抗宇宙輻射之屏蔽。提供活體組織完全防護所需之屏蔽 15厚度的決定係依據輕射型式、通量、能量水平、模擬之暴 露環境的認識而定。儘管有這些不確定事物，但是有卿 屏蔽係由趨向減少整體暴露風險的本發明產物而供給。 能夠使含石夕劑，諸如奈米結構之化學品在本發明中起 作用的關鍵包括：（1)其關於聚合物鏈量度的唯一尺寸，及 20 =)其使金屬原子及金屬粒子與聚合物及以油為主之乳液相 谷且均勻分散’並藉此增加在所得聚合物組成物或塗抹劑 内的-含金屬之奈米支架的均勾性及裝載水平的能力。 在此運作中具有最大功效的含石夕劑最好由那些以低成 本聚砂乳、倍半石夕氧垸、多面體倍半石夕氧烧寡聚物及多面 200922990 體石夕酸鹽寡聚物為主之此劑舉例。第旧闊明含石夕之石夕氧 烧、倍半魏狀賴鹽㈣的某些代表性㈣。第2圖閣 明一金屬化型式之倍半石夕氧统、多面體倍半石夕氧院寡聚物 及多面體㈣鹽寡聚物的某些代表性實例。在此結構中齡 5基團可從以Η魏屬烴、稀屬烴、炔屬煙、芳族及經取代之 有機系統（包括醚、酸、胺、硫醇、碟酸鹽及函化&基團， 包括氟化基團）為範圍。在含矽劑外部的R基團確保奈米結 構與有機聚合物、乳霜及塗抹劑的可相容性及可修整性。 這些奈米結構型化學品具有低密度，且可以從〇 5奈米至5 〇 1〇奈米之直後為範圍。 杈佳的抗輻射之屏蔽功效的金屬原子及粒子包括供抗 中子之屏蔽的亂、彭及硼的所有無機與有機金屬衍生物， 及用於抗X-射線之屏蔽的鶴、錮、銳、组、釤及此的所有 無機與有機金屬衍生物。亦可利用具有一大原子數的其他 b金屬，諸如齡及編。亂具有用於熱中子的最大截面積且以 不需要同位素富集而提供經濟成本優勢。然而，釓、釤及 硼的同位素富集將改進中子捕獲屏蔽的有效性。 希望含矽劑及金屬粒子分散於其中的聚合物及募聚物 分子包括芳族、脂肪族、飽和及不飽和烴、醇、酯'醚、 20酸、碳酸s旨、胺、醯胺、醯亞胺、腈、展素、胺基甲酸酉旨、 聚矽氧及硫醇；橡膠；非晶形、結晶狀及半結晶狀聚合物； 及用作熱固性或熱塑性樹脂的流體。 可使含矽劑及粒子分散於其中的乳霜及塗抹劑包括水 包油型及油包水型乳液。油狀組份可包括礦物油、石油膠、 200922990 蛋白質、羊毛脂、羊毛脂醇、黃原膠、二曱聚矽氧烷及對 羥苯甲酸酯。水組份可包括抗絮凝劑，諸如硬脂酸酯、銨 醇、乙二醇、醚、醇、山梨醇及乙烯二-四胺。 較佳的組成物含有金屬化和非金屬化含石夕劑與金屬和 5 陶瓷粉末及一人造或天然來源之聚合物或寡聚物材料的一 物理混合物。較佳地，製備組成物的方法包含將金屬化或 非金屬化含^夕劑混合至與金屬粉末一起的聚合物中及使得 材料成為模製飾板或纖維紡絲的熱塑性球粒。替代地，可 利用所得調配物作為塗料、油漆、黏著劑、化妝品、局部 10 乳霜或油。所有型式及技術的摻合是有效的，包括熔融摻 合、乾摻合、溶液摻合、研磨、反應性和非反應性摻合。 替代地，在併入聚合物或寡聚物之前，含秒劑可被塗饰在 粒子上。 用於乳霜及塗抹劑的較佳組成物含有金屬化和非金屬 15 化含石夕劑與金屬和陶竞粉末及一人造或天然來源之水包油 型或油包水型材料的一物理混合物。所得材料具有直接施 予皮膚或頭髮的功效。 含矽劑，諸如第1圖中所闡明之多面體倍半矽氧烷寡聚 物及第2圖中所闡明之金屬化多面體倍半矽氧烷寡聚物係 20 以固體及油取得。兩種形式溶解在熔融聚合物中或溶劑 中，或塗抹劑中，且可以具反應性或不具反應性方式併入。 含矽劑的分散顯然由混合公式（△GzAH-TAS)的自由能以 熱力學管控。R基團的本性及在支架上的反應性基團與聚合 物及表面反應或交互反應的能力大大地貢獻於有利的给條 10 200922990 件(ΔΗ)，同時熵條件(AS)是非常有利，因為1〇之奈米 架尺寸及分布。奈米支架進一步提供約32〇〇m2/g之表= 及藉此控制在所得材料中的界面交互作用。 積 含石夕劑的裝載水平可從為範圍，一較佳 5從旧％’而金屬粒子裝載量可心彻%為範圍糸 佳農載量範圍係從5_5Gwt%，組成物的剩餘物係、由聚， 孔液所組成。在調配物中的同位素富集之此 二或 效地減少金屬化含石夕劑及金屬的裝載水平需求。=可= 更有效的屏蔽組成物將從同位音守 外，— 0最終物件的成本亦隨此富集之元素而顯著增Γ生成w旦是 C "Hr方fe '式^迴 適用於所有方法的通用法變數 以有許多可用於控制任何方 及機制之變數的化學方法作為代表。旦J八選擇性、逮度 ;發氧騎㈣纽)併人料㈣(例如，聚 的尺寸和多分散性及組成物。同樣地，=數包括奈来割 量、多分散性及組成物亦必須配八m統的分子 間。最後，動力學、熱力學、加工夕劑與聚合物之 或混合法期輔劑和填充劑及在化合 20 及以併八所造成之增強程度的生聿工^衝擊裝載水平 融推合、乾推合及溶㈣合摻合二;；!合法，諸如炫 至塑料中及合金化時有效。 心於奈米含補混合 含有::::物以溶渐補助之謂配作用。切劍可加入- π合物、預聚合物或單體的容器中及溶解在一足 11 200922990 夠的有機溶_例如，.m曱糊或氣化溶 劑中，以完成—均勻相的形成。混合物接著在高f切下於 足夠的溫度下_，叫㈣分鐘㈣當齡，並接著移 除揮發ί±*劑及在真空τ或制—類似型式的方法回收， ，主思亦可利用超臨界流體，諸如⑺2作為可燃之 ^合μ的代替αβ。接著所得調配物可直接使用或用於後 續加工中。 以下所提供的實例不應該被解釋成在設計或方法，或 特殊材料的方法組合、組成物或條件中的限制。 10复Mi.屏蔽材料的聚合物形式 使用一雙螺旋擠壓器，將一含矽劑 [(iBuSi〇15)4(iBu(HO)Si〇)3；U 7、一 金屬化含矽劑 [(lBuSiOi^BuSiC^Gd；^、-熱塑性(EVA=2^ 乙酸乙 烯酯）EVA/聚醯胺（耐綸)摻合物及氧化釓粉末使用 失重進料 15機加入。將混合物熔融混合，並將均勻的白色線束擠壓及 製成球粒。球粒接著射出模製成白色平飾板及黏膠棒，供 併入衣物中。 替代地’一適合的調配物亦可使用一雙螺旋擠壓器、 一熱塑性聚合物或聚合物摻合物及氧化此粉末達成。 20复Ml屏蔽材料併入衣物中 屏蔽材料擠壓器線束及球粒適合紡絲成纖維，供製造 編織布及衣物的後續使用。替代地，白色熱塑性球粒可作 為一塗料經由一熱溶膠搶施予衣物或編織物。每一種這些 方法受到衣物内的屏蔽材料保證有均勻厚度的限制。 提供均勻屏蔽的一較佳方法是模製具有一精確且均勻 12 25 200922990 厚度的屏蔽材料飾板。這些飾板接著可插入一背心、圍裙、 工作服、背心等内的口袋中。以此一方式使用飾板的額外 優勢是其允許這些飾板在清洗衣物之前取出，且其允許衣 物壓緊摺疊供貯藏及旅行。可進一步使衣物在坐著或站立 5 時處於舒服的位置。 實例3.作為一防護塗抹劑的屏蔽材料 使用一葉片式混合機，將一含石夕劑 [(iBuSi〇i.5)4(iBu(HO)SiO)3] ς 7、一 金屬化含矽劑 [(iBuSiOuMiBuSiC^Gd；^、一市售保濕塗抹劑（Equate®) 10 及氧化亂粉末加入及混合’直到均勻為止。白色塗抹劑適 合直接施予完整的皮膚上。 具有透光度的一較佳組成物係使用一金屬化含矽劑 [(iBuSiO! 5)4(iBuSi〇2；hGd] ς 8及一市售保濕塗抹劑（Equate®) 而獲得。當所得成白色之塗抹劑形成一平滑的透明層及以 15 一無油脂的平滑感覺乾燥時，則其非常適合於皮膚覆蓋。 雖然特定的代表性實施例及細節已以闡明為目的顯 示，但是那些熟習本技藝者明白可進行在本文所揭示之方 法及裝置中的各種變化，而不違背在所附申請專利範圍中 所定義之本發明範圍。 2〇 【圖式簡單說明】 第1A-1C圖顯示非金屬化含矽劑的代表性結構實例。 第2圖顯示金屬化含石夕劑的代表性結構實例。 【主要元件符號說明】 (無） 13Sm, Sr, Pb, Lu, Cs, T1, Te. The symbols m, n and 〗 refer to the stoichiometry of the composition. The symbol Σ represents the composition to form a nanostructure and the symbol #5 refers to the number of germanium atoms contained in the nanostructure. The value of # is often the sum of m + n, where η is typically a range from 1 to 24 and the jaws are typically in the range. It should be noted that Σ# is not confused as a multiplier that determines stoichiometry because it only cites the overall nanostructure characteristics of the system (also known as the stent size). DETAILED DESCRIPTION 10 The present invention teaches the use of a bismuth-containing agent in combination with a metal atom or metal powder and a polymer or oligomer carrier to shield living tissue from cosmic radiation during flight in space and space. The present invention provides a method of incorporating a neutron shielding material into a textile, garment, and spread. All of these methods provide some shielding against cosmic radiation. The thickness of the shield 15 required to provide complete protection of the living tissue is determined by the knowledge of the light-emitting pattern, flux, energy level, and simulated exposure environment. Despite these uncertainties, the Shielding is supplied by the product of the invention which tends to reduce the overall exposure risk. Keys that enable a ceram-containing agent, such as a nanostructured chemical, to function in the present invention include: (1) its unique size for polymer chain metrics, and 20 =) which allows metal atoms and metal particles to polymerize And the oil-based emulsion phase and uniformly dispersed 'and thereby increase the uniformity and loading level of the metal-containing nano stent in the resulting polymer composition or spread. The best effect of this activity in this operation is preferably low-cost polysilica, sesquiterpene oxide, polyhedral sesquiterpene oxide oligomer and multi-faceted 200922990 An example of this agent is the main agent. The first broad and broad Ming Dynasty contains some of the representativeness of Shi Xi's stone-like oxygen burning and sesquiter-like salt (4) (4). Figure 2 shows a representative example of a metallization type of sesquiterpene oxide, polyhedral sesquiterpene oxygen oligomer and polyhedral (iv) salt oligomer. The intermediate group of 5 in this structure can be derived from the genus, olefinic, acetylene, aromatic and substituted organic systems (including ethers, acids, amines, thiols, acid salts and functional &; groups, including fluorinated groups) are in the range. The R group outside the tanning agent ensures compatibility and tailorability of the nanostructure with organic polymers, creams and spreads. These nanostructured chemicals have a low density and can range from 〇 5 nm to 5 〇 1 〇 nanometer. The excellent anti-radiation shielding effect of metal atoms and particles includes all inorganic and organometallic derivatives of chaos, Peng and boron for shielding against neutrons, and cranes, scorpions and sharps for shielding against X-rays. , groups, bismuth and all inorganic and organometallic derivatives of this. Other b metals with a large atomic number, such as age and braid, can also be utilized. Chaos has the largest cross-sectional area for thermal neutrons and provides an economic cost advantage without the need for isotopic enrichment. However, isotopic enrichment of cerium, lanthanum and boron will improve the effectiveness of neutron capture shielding. It is desirable that the polymer and the polymer-aggregating molecules in which the cerium-containing agent and the metal particles are dispersed include aromatic, aliphatic, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ethers, 20 acids, carbonic acid, amines, guanamines, oximes. Imines, nitriles, exhibitors, urethanes, polyfluorenes and mercaptans; rubbers; amorphous, crystalline and semi-crystalline polymers; and fluids used as thermosetting or thermoplastic resins. Creams and smears which can be used to disperse bismuth-containing agents and particles include oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. The oily component may include mineral oil, petroleum gum, 200922990 protein, lanolin, lanolin alcohol, xanthan gum, dioxopolyoxane, and paraben. The water component may include a deflocculating agent such as stearate, ammonium alcohol, ethylene glycol, ether, alcohol, sorbitol, and ethylene di-tetraamine. Preferred compositions comprise a physical mixture of a metallized and a non-metallated rhodium-containing agent with a metal and a 5 ceramic powder and a polymer or oligomer material of artificial or natural origin. Preferably, the method of preparing the composition comprises mixing a metallized or non-metallized chelating agent into the polymer together with the metal powder and making the material into a molded plaque or fiber spun thermoplastic spherule. Alternatively, the resulting formulation can be utilized as a coating, paint, adhesive, cosmetic, topical cream or oil. Blending of all types and techniques is effective, including melt blending, dry blending, solution blending, milling, reactive and non-reactive blending. Alternatively, the second-containing agent can be applied to the particles prior to incorporation into the polymer or oligomer. Preferred compositions for creams and spreads contain a metallized and non-metallic 15 containing ceramist with a metal and a pottery powder and a physical or natural source of oil-in-water or water-in-oil material. mixture. The resulting material has the effect of being directly applied to the skin or hair. The gargle, such as the polyhedral sesquiterpene oligomers illustrated in Figure 1, and the metallated polyhedral sesquiterpene oligomers 20 illustrated in Figure 2 are obtained as solids and oils. Both forms are dissolved in the molten polymer or solvent, or in the spreader, and can be incorporated in a reactive or non-reactive manner. The dispersion of the bismuth-containing agent is apparently thermodynamically controlled by the free energy of the mixing formula (ΔGzAH-TAS). The nature of the R group and the ability of the reactive groups on the scaffold to react or interact with the polymer and surface greatly contribute to the favorable strip 10 200922990 (ΔΗ), while the entropy condition (AS) is very advantageous. Because of the size and distribution of the 1 奈 nano frame. The nano stent further provides a table of about 32 〇〇 m 2 /g = and thereby controls the interfacial interaction in the resulting material. The loading level of the inclusions can range from a range of preferably 5 to the old %' and the loading of the metal particles can be in the range of 5 to 5 Gwt%, the remainder of the composition, It consists of poly, porous liquid. The isotopic enrichment in the formulation reduces the loading level requirements of the metallized tartar and metal. = can = more effective shielding composition will be from the same position, - 0 The cost of the final object will also increase significantly with the elements of this enrichment. The generation of W is C "Hr square fe 'type ^ back applies to all The general method variables of the method are represented by a number of chemical methods that can be used to control the variables of any of the parties and mechanisms. J8 selectivity, catching; oxygen riding (four) New) and human (4) (for example, the size and polydispersity of the poly and composition. Similarly, the number includes Nai, the polydispersity and composition It must also be matched with the intermolecular structure of the eight m system. Finally, the kinetics, thermodynamics, processing agent and polymer or mixed phase adjuvants and fillers and the degree of reinforcement caused by the combination of 20 and ^ Impact loading level blending, dry pushing and dissolving (4) blending two;;! legal, such as dazzling into plastic and alloying is effective. Heart in nano-complemented mixture contains :::: substance to dissolve The subsidy is a match. The sword can be added to the π compound, prepolymer or monomer container and dissolved in a sufficient amount of organic solvent _, for example, .m paste or gasification solvent to complete - The formation of a homogeneous phase. The mixture is then cut at a high temperature at a high temperature _, called (four) minutes (four) of the age, and then removed the volatile ± ± agent and in a vacuum τ or system - similar type of recovery, the main Think can also use supercritical fluids, such as (7) 2 as a flammable μ instead of αβ. The formulation may be used directly or in subsequent processing. The examples provided below should not be construed as limiting in the design or method, or in the method combinations, compositions or conditions of the particular materials. In the form of a twin-screw extruder, a barium-containing agent [(iBuSi〇15)4(iBu(HO)Si〇)3; U7, a metallized barium-containing agent [(lBuSiOi^BuSiC^Gd;^ - Thermoplastic (EVA = 2 ^ Vinyl Acetate) EVA / Polyamine (Nylon) blend and cerium oxide powder were added using a weight loss feed 15. The mixture was melt mixed and a uniform white strand was extruded and The pellets are formed into pellets which are then molded into white flat panels and glue sticks for incorporation into the garment. Alternatively, a suitable formulation may also use a twin screw extruder, a thermoplastic polymer or Polymer blending and oxidation of this powder is achieved. 20 complex Ml shielding material incorporated into the clothing. Shielding material extruder wire harness and pellets suitable for spinning into fibers for subsequent use in the manufacture of woven fabrics and garments. Alternatively, white thermoplastic The pellet can be used as a coating to rob the garment via a hot melt. Each of these methods is limited by the uniform thickness of the shielding material in the garment. A preferred method of providing uniform shielding is to mold a panel of shielding material having a precise and uniform thickness of 12 25 200922990. The panel can then be inserted into a pocket in a vest, apron, overalls, vest, etc. An additional advantage of using the panel in this manner is that it allows the panels to be removed prior to washing the garment, and which allows the garment to be compacted for storage and Traveling. The clothes can be further placed in a comfortable position when sitting or standing 5. Example 3. A shielding material used as a protective spreader uses a blade mixer to contain a stagnation agent [(iBuSi〇i.5) 4 (iBu(HO)SiO)3] ς 7. A metallized bismuth-containing agent [(iBuSiOuMiBuSiC^Gd;^, a commercially available moisturizing spreader (Equate®) 10 and oxidized powder added and mixed] until uniform. A white spreader is suitable for direct application to intact skin. A preferred composition having a light transmittance is obtained by using a metalized bismuth containing agent ((iBuSiO! 5) 4 (iBuSi〇 2; hGd) ς 8 and a commercially available moisturizing spreader (Equate®). The white smear forms a smooth transparent layer and is dry to a skin with a smooth feel of no grease, which is well suited for skin coverage. While specific representative embodiments and details have been shown for purposes of illustration, those familiar with It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the methods and devices disclosed herein may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. 2 [FIG. 1A-1C shows A representative structural example of a non-metallized bismuth-containing agent. Figure 2 shows a representative structural example of a metallized cerium-containing agent. [Key element symbol description] (None) 13