TW200418614A - Metal bond grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide a Ni-Cu-Sn metal bond grinding wheel that is sharp, hard and long lifespan, rust-resistant, and does not deform when experiencing high pressure, and its production method. The present invention relates to a metal bond grinding wheel which is formed by bonding diamond abrasive grains and/or CBN abrasive grains with metal bond. The chemical composition of the aforementioned metal bond consists of 40 to 70wt% of Ni, 19 to 30wt% of Sn, 1 to 7wt% of Ag and at least 5wt% Cu as the remainder. In particular, the aforementioned diamond abrasive grains and/or the CBN abrasive grains are preferably coated with titanium.

Description

200418614 (1) 发明. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention is related to a metal bonded grinding wheel formed by bonding diamond diamond particles and / or CBN diamond particles to each other and a method for manufacturing the same. [Prior art]

The metal bonded grinding wheel is used for the honing and / or honing of the surface or end surface of glass, honing and / or honing of brittle materials such as ceramic materials (the following S and these applications will be unified as " Glass cutting ". As a component for forming a metal bond for forming a metal bonded grinding wheel for glass cutting, Cu-Sn system (Patent Documents 1 to 3) and Fe-Cu-Sn system (Patent Document 1) have been disclosed. Furthermore, metal adhesion of Co-Cu-Sll system (Patent Documents 1 and 3) or Ni-Cu · Sη system (Patent Document 4) has also been disclosed.

[Patent Document] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5 8-2 1 7 2 7 1 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-76680 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-246566 [Patent Document] Japan Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-230464 [Summary of the Invention] (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The properties required for a metal bonded grinding wheel used for glass cutting do not reduce sharpness (ie, fever or cutting during cutting). The frequency of cracking is low, the processing rate is high), long life, no rust, etc., -5- (2) (2) 200418614 high strength (that is, high bending strength) and so on. A metal bonded grinding wheel that fully meets these requirements is ideal. However, in the conventional metal-bonded grinding wheel described above, the requirements such as those mentioned below cannot be fully satisfied. In Cu-S η-based metal bonding, sharpness is poor when there is more Cu component, and sharpness is improved when there is more s η component, but the strength of the bond is reduced, resulting in short life. As a result, the Cu-Sn-based bond generally has a short life. The bonding of Fe-Cu-Sn series metal is to increase the service life of cU-Sn series metal bonding grinding wheel with increasing Fe addition, but for glass cutting, when general wet cutting, the grinding wheel is placed on the grinding wheel. The adhesive surface is easy to rust. If there is a rusty component on the bonding surface, it will be overwritten on the cutting material and stained after the next cutting. Co-Cu-Sn series metal bonds, although not rusty, but with increasing Co addition, they will generally become hard-bonded, which will reduce sharpness. In this regard, Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonding, by using Ni, can strengthen the bonding and extend the life of the grinding wheel. From this point of view, it is better to set the amount of Ni higher. In addition, in order to manufacture a hard and long-life metal bonded grinding wheel, a pressurized calcined body capable of producing a high density is required. However, because the higher the amount of Ni, the higher the calcination temperature. In the manufacture of Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheels, a calcination mold made of carbon that does not deform by heat is generally used. Due to the limitation of the manufacturing method, it is impossible to provide a hard and long-life metal bonded grinding wheel which does not increase the production cost. That is, in the manufacturing process of the N i-Cu-S η-based metal bonded grinding wheel, if a high pressure is applied in order to obtain a high-density pressurized calcined body, the friction of the carbon mold is stimulated -6-(3) 200418614 On the one hand, on the one hand, heat-resistant alloys or heat-resistant steels that are suitable for pressure calcination and have less frequency of die exchange have upper limits for the calcination temperature, which requires limiting the amount of Ni used, which cannot be both. In the production examples reviewed by the present inventors, if the Ni component is 40 wt%, the effect of improving the life of the grinding wheel cannot be obtained. Conversely, if the composition is 40 wt% or more, a calcination degree of 800 ° C or more is generally required. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is to provide a Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheel having excellent sharpness, hardness, long life, non-rust, and no deformation when pressed, and a method for manufacturing the same. A further object of the present invention is to provide a Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheel capable of being well bonded and retained even if the composition is bonded, cemented, and / or CBN cemented, and a method for manufacturing the same. (Means to Solve the Problem) As a result of earnest research to solve the above problem, the present inventors have found that Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonds with a Ni content of 40 wt% or more can be efficiently produced by using a predetermined amount of Ag. It is suitable for Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheels for glass cutting, and it has been found that it is better to use titanium-coated particles and / or CBN particles for the metal bonding, and the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a metal bonded grinding wheel, which is a metal bonded wheel composed of diamond and / or CBN particles by metal bonding, characterized in that the chemical composition of the aforementioned metal bonding is composed of Ni ί Yu Gao, Because it is lower than Ni, the burning temperature is a kind of strong gold Ni-, which will be finished by the knot group. I 40 -7- (4) (4) 200418614 ~ 70wt ° / 〇, Sn is 19 ~ 30wt %, Ag is 1 to 7 wt%, and Cu occupies at least 5 wt% of the residue. The aforementioned particles and / or CBN particles are preferably coated with titanium. Moreover, the aforementioned metal bonded grinding wheel is used for honing and / or honing of glass. Moreover, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal bonded grinding wheel, which is a method for manufacturing a diamond bonded grinding wheel composed of diamond grains and / or CBN grains by metal bonding, which comprises: (a) a In order to obtain the required amount of metal adhesive consisting of 40 to 70 wt% of Ni, 19 to 30 wt% of Sn, 1 to 7 wt% of Ag, and at least 5 wt% of cu to prepare the powder mixture of those metals, The metal powder is mixed with diamond magnetic particles and / or CBN particles; and (b) the mixture of the foregoing metal powder and particles is made of a heat-resistant alloy or a heat-resistant steel, and the temperature is 65 0 ~ 8 5 0 ° C sintering; manufacturing method of metal bonded grinding wheel. For the above manufacturing method, it is preferable to use titanium-coated particles and / or C B N magnetic particles. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The metal bonded grinding wheel of the present invention is composed of a Ni-Cu-Sn-Ag-based metal having the following chemical composition.

The Ni element has a range of 40 to 70% by weight in the metal bonding composition. If the weight is less than 40% by weight, the life of the grinding wheel is reduced, and if it exceeds 70% by weight, the calcination temperature is excessively increased, and efficient production cannot be achieved. The amount of the Ni element is preferably 50 to 70 wt%. (5) 200418614

The Sn element contains 19 to 30 "% of the metal bonding composition. The Sn element in the Cu-Sn system contributes to the melting of the bonding. If it is less than 9 wt%, the calcination temperature will increase excessively and it will not be efficient. If the production is more than 3 Owt%, the strength will reduce the life of the grinding wheel. The amount of the element is preferably 19 ~ 25wt%. The use of Ag of the present invention can give more physical properties for obtaining metal bonding. That is, It has the effect of promoting sintering. Further use of Ag is to add Ag to Cu-Sn-based gold. 'Because the low-temperature liquid layer domain increases when it is melted, the amount of addition is relatively small.' The melting point can also be reduced. Therefore, it can be burned at a lower temperature than the conventional Ni-Cu_Sn-based metal bonding that requires a high-temperature calcination of over 800 ° C. That is, for the manufacture of Nil-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheels, the use of Ag is applicable 6 5 0 ~ 8 5 0 ° C firing conditions, so in the relatively low temperature range using a durable heat-resistant alloy or heat-resistant steel mold, high pressure can be given during firing, so that the metal bonding wheel can be manufactured Into a high-density calcined body. Or even if a high-temperature steel mold is applied with high pressure, the frequency of mold exchange is reduced, so it does not cause cost increase. As mentioned above, it can provide a hard and long-life good gold-bonded grinding wheel. The metal bond is in the range of 1 to 7 wt%. If the weight is less than 1 wt%, the above melting cannot be reduced. If it exceeds 7 wt%, silver tends to segregate, and even if it exceeds 7 wt%, the sintering promotion effect is small. The amount of Ag is 2 ~ 5wt% is preferred.

The Cu element is a remainder constituting the above-mentioned metal bonding composition. Its Cu range ratio θ η is preferably -9- (6) 200418614 where the calcined sample is milled. The weight of Ni and Cu is 60% by weight or more. The present invention is preferred. The metal bonded grinding wheel is manufactured by mixing the above-mentioned metal bonding material particles and / or CBN particles (hereinafter referred to as "super particles"), by pressurization. In particular, it is preferable that the particles are coated with titanium and / or CBN. The above-mentioned ultra-fine particles, using the titanium-covered particles and / or stone particles, can improve metal bonding and the bonding between those particles, and can also provide a hard and long-life Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bond. Grinding wheel. According to the understanding of the present inventors, the above-mentioned effect is due to the dissolution of the Ni element containing gold as the main component into the Sn-Ag-based liquid layer generated during the temperature rise during calcination, and the Cu-Sn-Ag- The liquid layer of Ni has good contamination properties to those Ti metal or TiC coated superfine particles, and the titanium-coated particles or CBN particles used in the metal bonded grinding wheel of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the industry. It can also be manufactured and used. The manufacturing method may be, for example, a CVD coating method. The metal bonded grinding wheel of the present invention is manufactured as follows. That is, the agglomerated material uniformly mixes these predetermined amounts of ultrafine particles in accordance with powders prepared separately in accordance with the amounts of the respective metal compositions. The mixing ratio of metal bonding and ultra-fine particles is usually 5: 95 ~ 25: 75. The material mixture is calcined at a temperature of 65 0 ~ 8 50 ° C at a final pressure of at least 30 MPa for about 1 hour. . In the following, although the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are described, this illustration of the possibility and usefulness of the present invention is not a limitation of the CBN force of the present invention and the sintered sintered sintered particles, which are viscous Cu-, and 0 is titanium. French metal material. The most will be the structure of -10- (7) (7) 200418614. [Examples] [Examples 1]: Tests of physical properties of adhesion The change in physical properties when Ag was added to a metal containing Ni, Cu, and Sn was examined to confirm the effect of Ag addition. Each raw material powder was measured in the following predetermined amounts, and mixed in a stirrer for 20 minutes to form a metal bond. (Composition of metal bonding) Test bonding Ni / Cu / Sn / Ag = 45/3 1/1 9/5 (wt%) Control bonding Ni / Cix / Sn / Ag = 45/3 6/1 9/0 (wt %) Next, the obtained metal bond was uniformly filled with a 50 X 5 mm heat-resistant steel mold, and sintered by heat. Here, the final pressure of both the test adhesion and the control adhesion is 98 MPa, and the final heating temperature is 400. C, 500. C, 600 ° C, 650 ° C, 700. C, or 750C. The sintered body was taken out of the mold after cooling, and then finished by finishing on each side. Finally, an angular test block of 50x5x5 mm was made. [Bonding physical property test] As described above, each of the obtained test pieces was tested for Rockwell hardness (HRA) and flexural strength. The measurement methods are as follows. [Rockwell hardness (HRA)] The physical properties of the metal bond are evaluated according to the JIS standard (Locked Rockwell hardness test B 7 7 2 6, 1 9 9 8), plus a reference load of 10 kgf, and then When returning after a fixed test load, the penetration depth h of the pressure piece with a reference load of 2 times before and after -11-(8) 200418614 was obtained. In this test, a diamond compact was used, and it was obtained from a calculation formula of a test load of 60 kgf and 100-500 h. The performance of diamond pressed parts is as follows. a) The apex is a curved surface where the cone and spherical surface are smoothly connected. b) The cone angle at the tip is 120 ° ± 30 '. 〇 The angle of the load-receiving surface of the generatrix of the tapered portion at the tip and the entry portion is 30. 20 ,. d) The radius of curvature of the spherical surface at the apex is 0.2 ± 0.02 mm. [Bending strength] According to the JIS standard (bending strength test methods for precision ceramics R1 601, 1 9 86), each test vermiculite was subjected to a three-point bending strength test at a pitch distance of 30 mm and a load drop speed of 3 mm / min. Three average values were obtained for each test block. (Test results) Table 1 shows the Rockwell hardness test results, and Table 2 shows the flexural strength test results. [Table 1] Fishing type hardness 400 ° C 5 00 ° C 6 00 ° C 65 0〇C 700 ° C 75 0 〇C Test adhesion 50.7 60.0 6 1.2 6 1.0 61.1 60.5 Lizhao adhesion 52.1 61.3 62.2 6 1.6 6 1.8 60.7 -12- 200418614 〇) [Table 2] Flexural strength (Μ P a) 4〇 ° 〇5 00 ° C 600 ° C 65 0〇C 700 ° C 75 0〇C Test adhesion 3 0 〇590 8 10 970 950 980 Control adhesion ---- " *** 一 " 260 480 750 880 990 990 10 10 It can be understood from the results in Table 1 above that the hardness of the test adhesion is higher than that of the control adhesion. When the test bond containing Ag5wt% is used, the hardness of the sintered body will increase when bending at high temperature, and the bending strength will decrease slightly. Although the flexural strength of the control bond will be the maximum 値 above 7 0 ~ 750 ° C, the test bond will almost reach the maximum 値 at 65 0 ~ 700 ° C. In particular, the difference in flexural strength 低 between low temperatures of 5 0 to 6 0 ° C is significant. From the above results, 'the effect of promoting sintering by the addition of Ag was shown. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of Ag-added Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonding can provide a grinding wheel with good sharpness, hardness and long life. [Example 2]: Metal Bonded Grinding Wheel Manufacturing Example 1 Using titanium-coated diamond particles # 500 (purchased from GE, trade name: MBM3 0 / 40Ti), a test block of a metal bonded grinding wheel was produced. [Mixing ratio] Granules: 100% by weight Metal powder: 4200% by weight -13- (10) (10) 200418614 [Composition of metal bonding]

Ni / Cu / Sn / Ag = 45/28/25/2 (wt%) Measure the above raw materials, mix them in a stirrer for 20 minutes, adjust the material mixture, and evenly fill a 50x5mm heat-resistant steel mold. Pressurized calcination. For material mixtures prepared under the same conditions, different final heating temperatures of 650 are applicable. C, 7 0 0. C, or 7 5 0. C. The final pressure is all 100 MPa. The obtained sintered body was taken out of the mold after cooling, and was finished by finishing on each side, and finally an angular test block of 50x5x5 mm was produced. [Example 3]: Metal Bonded Grinding Wheel Manufacturing Example 2 A test block was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 above except that the diamond frit # 500 was not coated with titanium. (Physical property test of test blocks of Examples 2 and 3) For each test block of Examples 2 and 3 prepared as described above, Rockwell hardness (HRB) and flexural strength were measured. Each measurement method is as follows. [Rockwell hardness] The Rockwell hardness for evaluating the physical properties of the metal bonded grinding wheel is based on JIS standards (Rockwell hardness test B 7726, 1 99 8), plus a reference load of 98.07N (10kgf), followed by a fixed test. When restoring again after a load, it is calculated | required from the penetration depth h of the presser of the reference load twice before and after. In this test, a steel ball with a diameter of 1.5 8 7 5 mm (l / 16 inch) was used, and it was obtained from the calculation formula of test load 9 80.7N (100kgf) and 1 3 0-5 00h. [Bending strength] -14- (11) 200418614 According to the ΠS standard (bend strength test method for precision ceramics t 1 9 8 6), set each test vermiculite at a distance of 30 mm and a speed of 3 mm / min. 3 Point bending strength test. For the name get 3 averages. Table 3 shows the measurement results of Rockwell hardness' and the measurement results of the curtain (MPa) in Table 4. [Table 3] Rockwell hardness 65 0. . 7 00 ° C 75 0 ° C Example 2 1 12 112 111 Example 3 107 106 106 [Table 4] Flexural strength (MPa) 65 0 ° C 700 ° C 75 0 ° C Example 2 590 600 6 10 Example 3 490 5 10 5 10 From the above results, it is clear that the composition of the metal bonding of the dual-use Ni content exceeding 4 Owt% in Examples 2 and 3 is based on the comparison of sintering, hardness and strength properties. Both the level examples 2 and 3 show that it is possible to produce excellent cutting, and the comparison of the example 2 and the example 3 shows the advantage of using titanium diamond-coated diamond particles for the upper knot composition. R1601 The load reduction test block shows the bending strength, which is performed at low temperature. Such a real grinding wheel. The metal stickiness is the result of implementing -15- (12) (12) 200418614 Example 2. For any of the Rockwell hardness and flexural strength, the result of Example 3 exceeds the result of Example 3. This metal bonding composition with a large amount of Ni and a small amount of Ag is believed to have the effect of improving the binding force of the 1 grain of titanium-coated diamond, that is, the holding force of the magnetic grains. [Examples 4 and 5] Using titanium-coated diamond particles # 500, the metal bonded abrasive wheels for glass cutting of Examples 4 and 5 were produced. A comparative example was prepared in accordance with Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5 8-2 1 7 2 7 1 and a grinding wheel formed using a Fe-Cu-Sη-type metal bond. The grinding wheel specifications are as follows. [Mixing ratio] Stone particles: 1 0 0 0 Weight ratio Metal powder: 4200 Weight ratio [Metal bonding composition] Example 4: Ni / Cu / Sn / Ag = 45/28/25/2 (wt%) Implementation Example 5: Ni / Cu / Sn / Ag = 65/8/25/2 (wt0 / 〇) Comparative example: Fe / Cu / Sn = 60/28/1 2 (wt%) The above raw materials are measured and stirred The crusher was mixed for 20 minutes to prepare a material mixture for a metal bonded grinding wheel. An alloy made of iron is used for the alloy, and a heat-resistant alloy mold for molding the shape of a circular grinding wheel having an outer circumference of 203 mm, a height of 12.5 mm, and a thickness of the grinding wheel layer of 3.5 mm is prepared for the alloy. The material mixture for the aforementioned metal bonded grinding wheel was uniformly charged until the heat-resistant composite mold's final pressure was all 100 MPa, and the final heating temperature was all 750, followed by calcination under pressure. The obtained sintered body was taken out of the mold after cooling, and was finished by finishing. The final sintered body was made into a 1 A1 grinding wheel with an outer circumference of 202 mm, a thickness of 12 mm, and a hole diameter of 50.8 mm. Further, five grooves were formed on the outer surface of the grinding wheel (the chamfered surface) to complete each grinding wheel for testing. In the following honing test, each grinding wheel uses a central groove. (Cutting test) In the rolling test, the glass end surface was cut under the following conditions. Grinding wheel size: outer circumference 202, thickness 12mm, hole diameter 50.8mm. There are 5 grooves on the outer use surface. Material to be cut: glass substrate for liquid crystal. Dimension length 150mm height 100mm thickness 0.7mm. The thickness of 0.7mm is chamfered.硏 Cutting disc: Type Okamoto work horizontal axis plane 硏 Cutting disc type CNC-52B (7.5kw) 硏 Cutting fluid: Kind of water-based 硏 Cutting fluid Flow rate 30L / min

Renovation conditions: refurbishment bar WA # 800G peripheral speed of grinding wheel 25m / s refitting gap 1 mm X 500m / min for one refurbishment cutting condition for refurbishing direction: wet cutting-in cutting-17- (14) 200418614 grinding wheel peripheral speed Mounting table speed notch cutting direction cutting amount 30m / s 6m / min 0.2mm / pass Only upcut 40mm / 20 pieces per 1 × 20 cutting length 6UUm Evaluation item, for each grinding wheel used for cutting test 'investigation: Consumption of grinding wheel radius (mmR), honing motion, roughness of finished surface (Ra // m), rust state of grinding wheel use surface. Each measurement method is as follows. [Wheel Consumption] The shapes before and after use were compared by the carbon copy method. [Cutting power] The power consumption of the grinding wheel shaft motor is W, which is obtained from 612xW / circle speed (60/1 00). However, the aforementioned peripheral speed of the grinding wheel is used as the peripheral speed. [Roughness of finishing surface Ra] The average thickness of the center line (Ra). From the thickness curve, pull out the part with a length of 1 from the direction of the center line. The center line of the extracted part is the x-axis and vertical magnification. When the direction is the Y axis and the thickness curve y = f (x) is expressed, 値 obtained by the following formula is expressed in micrometers (am). [Equation 1]

Ra = l- £ I f (x) | dx -18- (15) 200418614 [State of rust occurrence on the grinding wheel use surface] After standing for one night after cutting, visually observe the state of rust on the grinding wheel use surface. Table 5 shows the results of the above-mentioned cutting test. [Table 5] Grinding wheel radius Cutting power Finishing Finishing Rust generation Consumption Surface roughness Example 4 0.012 86 0.6 Μ J \ Ν Example 5 0.0 10 80 0.6 Μ Comparative example 0.014 100 0.6 Yes

The above test results are shown below. Regarding the grinding wheel radius consumption, both Example 4 and Example 5 showed results of less wear than the grinding wheel of the comparative example. Regarding the cutting power, both Example 4 and Example 5 showed that the cutting power was lower than that of the comparative example. This indicates that the sharpness of the grinding wheel is good, and the frequency of occurrence of cutting fever and cutting cracks of the glass as the material to be cut is reduced. Regarding the surface roughness, each of Example 4, Example 5, and Comparative Example showed the same value. This is to show that the products of those examples have the same quality as the products of conventional grinding wheels. Regarding the occurrence of rust, it was confirmed that neither of Example 4 and Example 5 occurred, and only the comparative example occurred. The reason for the metal adhesion F e included in the comparative example is the cause. Therefore, according to the grinding wheel of this embodiment, the material to be cut is -19- (16) 200418614 and will not be contaminated by rust, which can improve the production efficiency of the material to be cut (effect of the invention). As described in detail above, the present invention, The invention provides a high-strength Cu-Sn series metal bonded grinding wheel which is hard, has a long life, does not rust, and does not deform when pressed, and a manufacturing method thereof. In particular, the Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheel which holds the metal bond, slag particles, and / or CBN magnetic particles of the above composition in combination, and the Ni-Cu-Sn-based metal bonded grinding wheel with good manufacturing method, which can be used as a good method . -20-

Claims (1)

(1) (1) 200418614 Scope of patent application 1. A metal bonded grinding wheel is a metal bonded grinding wheel formed by combining diamond grains and / or CBN grains with a metal bond, which is characterized in that: The chemical composition is composed of Ni of 40 to 70 wt%, S η of 19 to 30 wt%, Ag of 1 to 7 wt%, and Cu that occupies at least 5 wt% of the residue. 2. The metal bonded grinding wheel according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the diamond grains and / or CBN grains are coated with titanium. 3. The metal bonded grinding wheel according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned metal bonded grinding wheel is used for the honing and / or honing of glass. 4. A method for manufacturing a metal bonded grinding wheel, which is a method for manufacturing a metal bonded grinding wheel formed by bonding diamond diamond particles and / or CBN particles with a metal bond, comprising: (a) In order to obtain Ni The amount of metal adhesive is 40 to 70 wt%, Sn is 19 to 30 wt%, Ag is 1 to 7 wt%, and at least 5 wt% of Cu is used to prepare a powder mixture of those metals. Mixed with diamond grains and / or CBN grains; and (b) mixing the aforementioned metal powder and grains with a mold using a heat-resistant alloy or a heat-resistant steel at a temperature of 650 to 850. C. Calcination; manufacturing method of metal bonded grinding wheel. 5. The method of manufacturing a metal bonded grinding wheel according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein diamond grains and / or C B N grains coated with titanium are used. 200418614 柒, (a) (two), the designated representative figure in this case is: None, the component representative symbols of this representative figure are simply explained: None. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please reveal the chemical formula that can best show the characteristics of the invention: