SU78649A1 - Air turbine locomotive - Google Patents

Description

LOCOMOTIVES are known with the installation of an air turbine as a prime mover on them, from which energy, with the help of that or other transmission — electric, mechanical or pneumatic — is transmitted to the driving wheels of the locomotive.

In such locomotives, the air from the compressor to the turbine passes through a heater heated by flue gases. The heater increases the resistance to the exit of flue gases into the atmosphere, reducing the efficiency of the power plant of the locomotive.

In order to eliminate this drawback, an ejector was used, located in the path of the flue gases to increase the gravity of these gases. Increasing the flue gases of flue gases makes it possible to lower their temperature at the outlet to the atmosphere and thereby increase the efficiency of the locomotive.

FIG. 1 Dan section of the power plant locomotive; in fig. 2-section locomotive with power plant option.

The air entering through the inlet port (fig. 1) of the compressor 2 is compressed and, through the exhaust port 3, is injected into the air heater 4, where its temperature rises under the action of heat from the gases leaving the furnace. The air heated in the air heater is collected in the receiving manifold 5 of the turbine, from where it enters the blades of the turbine 6, where it performs useful work. Exhaust air from the turbine is supplied through conduit 7 to a furnace 8 having double walls inside which this air circulates. It cools the internal walls of the furnace, which are exposed to high temperatures, and also reduces heat loss to the environment. The inner walls of the furnace can be, in addition, protected from fire refractory lining.

The exhaust air supplied to the furnace is divided into three parts inside the walls, of which one part is fed under the grate through control valve 9, and the second into the combustion space above the grate through windows 10, which are also equipped with control flaps. The third part of the air is supplied to the nozzle //

No. 78649

ejector and serves for suction by ejection of gases from the furnace, forcing them to pass from the outside of the tubes of the air heater 4, inside which the working compressed air circulates. If it is necessary to release gases from thin in addition to the air heater, there is provided a gate 12, which is closed during normal operation of the installation.

The variant (Fig. 2) of a locomotive with a power plant on it performing the same cycle is characterized by the disposition of the ejector device behind the air heater and the use of shielding of the combustion chamber with the supply of compressed air to the screen.

The air, compressed by compressor 2, is injected through the exhaust pipe 3 into a heat exchanger consisting of a system 13 for pre-heating the air (using regeneration), a system 14 for finally heating the air to the operating temperature and a screen 15 for using the radiant heat of the furnace 18.

The air at the exit from the compressor is distributed into two streams, of which one enters the chamber of the system 13, and the second through conduit 16 into the screen 15. Both streams are connected together in the chamber of the system 14 and are heated therein to the operating temperature.

This distribution of compressed air flow makes it possible to use the radiant heat of the furnace, which leads to a decrease in the convective heating surface of the heat exchanger. In addition, this also ensures the reliability of the heat exchanger, since the tubes exposed to the high temperature of the furnace are cooled with colder air, and the pipes with air and heated to the highest operating temperature are supplied with gases at a lower temperature than in the furnace.

After doing useful work in the turbine 6, the exhaust air is divided into two parts: one part of the pipe 17 enters the S combustion space of the furnace 18, which for example is shown in the grate drawing. The other part of the duct 19 through the system 13 of the air heater is supplied to the nozzle 20 of the ejector device. The air flowing out of the nozzle 20 into the space 21, filled with cooled flue gases that have passed through the heater, sucks them into the exhaust pipe 22 and further into the atmosphere.

The effective power of the air turbine 6 minus the work spent on compressing the air in the compressor is transferred to some energy transmitter 23, for example an electric generator, the current from which is supplied to electric motors acting on the driving wheels of the locomotive.

The transfer of energy to the drive wheels can also occur through mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic transmission.

Fuel is fed to the furnace from fuel tank 24, which contains the necessary fuel for the locomotive. The locomotive is controlled from the box 25 of the machinist.

Subject matter

Claims (2)

1. An air turbine locomotive (on any kind of fuel) and with electric, pneumatic, mechanical or hydraulic transmission, equipped with a heat exchanger to preheat the air pumped into the turbines, and from the turbine to the furnace and further along with the furnace gases through the heat exchanger to the atmosphere by the fact that, with the purpose of removing the flue gases, an ejector is located on their way, fed by a part of the air coming out of the turbine. 2. The form of execution of the locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the resistance to the passage of gases through the heat exchanger, the ejector is located after the heat exchanger before the gases exit to the atmosphere. 2221ZOJ3 19 Iff 5 15 Y77T rrr / - - L, - ,. 1, -, .X. Kj. IZ A / 12 P ten . .... 24 25 . 2