SU561917A1 - Vibration sensor - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure the vibrations of various components, foundations, machine parts, as well as in seismometry.

Known vibration sensors containing a casing filled with a damping fluid and a solid inertial mass 1 can be used in stationary conditions to measure the vibrations of a certain orientation and have an increased transverse sensitivity, which significantly reduces the accuracy of measurements.

The closest to the invention to the technical essence is a vibration sensor, comprising a body in the form of a cylindrical tube, narrowed in the middle part, with membranes at the ends, a liquid inertial mass and a mechanical oscillator iB electrical signal 2. A transducer is used as a transducer the coils of which are rigidly connected to the housing, and the feeding coil is suspended on elastic springs and has a celluloid vial of such magnitude that the reduced specific weight of the coil vesicle is the specific gravity of the liquid.

The output coils, along with the housing, follow the movements of the object, and the fluid — the seismic mass — remains subfill and keeps the coil attached to the wheels. The modulated signal received at the output of the sensor is demodulated, amplified by an electronic circuit, and recorded. The constricted cylindrical part of the vibration sensor body serves to reduce the transverse sensitivity of the sensor, since the movement of fluid in the sulphane canal occurs along the sensor pox. In this vibration sensor, the amplitude of the moving coil cannot exceed the amplitude of the measured oscillations, since the mobile coil is defined in the broadened part of the housing.

Therefore, with small fluctuations of the object

in the sensor will transform weak

signal to register which is required

amplifier with high sensitivity.

To increase sensitivity due to

Claims (2)

increase in travel: iodine; the displacement transducer element in the proposed vibration sensor on the sulenic body is located in the transducer inductance of the displacement transducer; The drawing shows the described vibration sensor, comprising a cylindrical body consisting of a lower and upper parts 1 of larger diameter and a narrowed middle part 2 of a dielectric material, on which are placed the coils of the 3 non-displacement converter. Inside the constricted part of the corus there is a hollow-core cylindrical core 4 made of ferromagnetic material, closed by knobs 5. The rotating surfaces of the constricted part of the body and the core fit snugly together, providing the possibility of mutual displacement. To reduce the force on the movement of the core 4, along its perimeter, on the outer part there are grooves 6 filled with a special fluid, such as polymethylsiloxane, which simultaneously seals the articulation of the outer surface of the core with the inner surface of the narrowed part of the body. The mating surfaces of the constricted part of the body and core are made of a high class of accuracy and purity of processing. Along the edges, the body is closed by elastic membranes 7, which are fixed to the body by means of a ring 8, a gasket 9 and a glass 10. The internal cavity of the body is filled with a liquid 11, which is a seismic (inertial) mass. Thus, fluid 11 and diaphragm 7 are composites (they are a seismic system with suspension springs. To fill the case with liquid, the holes are closed with plugs 12 in the lower and upper parts of the case. The terminals from the converter coils are made using cable 13 through the seal 14. and the remaining sensor elements listed are placed in the frame 15, which includes the sleeve 16 and the flare nut 17. With the help of the threaded part 18 in the lower part of the frame, the vibration sensor is attached to the structure whose displacement is measured. the fluid volume V in a cylindrical tank is determined from the relation: V t., where R is the radius of the inner part; I is the height of the liquid column. When the sensor vibrates, the relative displacement of the fluid and the body occurs. Linear displacement in the wide and narrow parts of the cylindrical body will be different and depends on the diameters of these parts. The number of the transferred liquid of the linac in the wide and narrow parts of the body will be the same, namely for the wide part: D V HR for the narrow part: D1 / D / g /% (3) where АА is the offset liquids in the wide part of the body, R - the radius of the effective area of the membrane, D / 1 - the displacement of the fluid in the narrow part of the body, g - the radius of the narrow part of the body. Equating the right sides of the relations (2 and 3), we determine the displacement of the fluid in the narrow part of the body:. From relation (4) it is obvious that the displacement of the fluid in the narrow part of the body will be greater than the displacement of the liquid in the wide part of the body by a factor of. When a liquid is displaced in a narrow part of the body, the core is displaced along with it by the same value as the liquid, due to the fact that the possibility of liquid flowing between the adjacent surfaces of the core and the narrowed part of the body is excluded. The displacement of the core leads to the formation of a signal in an inductive converter, the magnitude of which is directly dependent on the magnitude of the oscillations of the core. Vibrosensor, comprising a body in the form of a cylindrical tube, tapered in the middle part, with membranes on the butts, a liquid inertial mass, a converter of mechanical vibrations into an electrical signal consisting of inductors and a core, characterized in that, in order to increase the sensitivity , in it the inductance coil of the converter is placed on the constricted part of the body made of dielectric material, and inside this part is placed a hollow core of ferromagnetic material with pr The reduced specific gravity is equal to the specific gravity of the liquid. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: 1. Author's certificate number 231129, G 01V 1/16, 04.24.67. 2.V. V. Neshukaytis and S. E. Valteris. "Low-frequency vibrometer with a liquid mass," Measuring Technique No. 6, 1961 (prototype). " P 18