SU473338A3 - Horizontal centrifugal casting machine - Google Patents

Description

c in size one from the other over wide limits.

The purpose of the pz () b | 1 etoy is to improve the design of the horizon; This is a centrifugal casting machine so that you can cast parts with different sizes in the mold and automatically change the speed of the bucket feed inside the mold and the speed of the mold casting, depending on the size of the molded product. The invention has us, a number of features. In particular, it proposes a form that does not tilt rigidly to the device for its splicing. In l ushina the form consists in cleaning osh, the iis protective casing preventing the mold from cooling to form by pouring metal into it and sprinkling the metal poured into the mold.

The proposed machine has a protective device that contributes to enclosing the mold from the drive mechanism, and there are devices for controlling the flow of air passing through the mold at various stages of the process and controlling the temperature of the mold.

The listed features are implemented in a horizontal form for centrifugal casting, i, ioiOHiei i, a drive mechanism that rotates the molds in which different sized products can be cast, and the casting device, in which the molten metal is molded in quantities that correspond to the size of the molded metal. forms of products. The machine is equipped with a device for controlling the speed of the moving movement of the casting device relative to the shape, depending on the amount of metal found in a broomstick, which in turn is connected with an adjustable mechanism of the turn of the carp, providing filling with a certain speed into the form of a certain amount of metal depending on the size of the molded product. Preferably, as a rotational mechanism of the mold, drive rollers, on which the mold is shaped by its protruding annular disclets, have a closed housing, which is installed over the mold during casting, preventing the annular discs from moving away from the drive rollers.

The description discusses in detail one of the specific varia (proposed centrifugal casting machines.

Pa figs. Figure 1 shows the design of a horizontal machine for the TABLE OF THROTTUB; 1, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - ceqeniie on / 1- / 1 in FIG. I, the design of the drive of the saiUHT casing and the installation location of the mold; in fig. 3 - protective casing and roller drive mechanism of the machine, from above; in fig. 4 is a diagram of a mechanism for) molding a mold; in fig. 5 - Sechenpe by bb on phpg. one; in fig. 6 - expansion of the machine with bolts for one hundred fasteners to the trolley; on f} 1G. / - view along arrow B in FIG. /, mechanism dt) oguliroza1;: g of the process of pouring molten metal from a razlovochnogo device into the form.

Horizontal centrifugal casting machine consists of a central section with sliding rollers for a vrang of a molded form /, an animated casing 2, an open biToro on one side, which may not be repaired in a transverse paralipia, and dispensed devices that are located on the other end of the section with irivodic rollers and eagle, designated for pouring into the foundry form a definite amount of molten metal. The encased casing consists of three side walls and an upper wall, which are made of high-strength steel sheets and CBapeiuj with each other, to form a rigid and rigid structure; but. The casing is mounted on four wheels, which are fastened through the axle boxes 4 to the sheets 5 and ensure that the casing is made from steel. For the displaced casing, an irivodic chain mechanism is used. 7, which is connected to the left end of the casing through connecting elements 1 and 5. When the casing is moved to the right, it completely closes the form} and rollout mechanism, as its open end was closed by a partition 9. At that. m remains open window 10 in the partition 9, through which the filling device passes into the casing. Since the mold is completely enclosed by a shell, a 150 watt lamp 12 and a television camera 13 are placed inside the casing, with the help of which, the head can observe the casting process from the outside.

The chain drive of the housing is coupled to the engine 14, which rotates the sprocket 15 through a bevel gearbox. Rotation o; the sprockets 15 (figs. 2 and 3) are transmitted to the shaft 16 mounted in bearings / 7. On shaft 6, sprockets 18 are installed, located at the ends of the shaft next to bearings 17, which move the housing along the rails 6 through valuable gears. It is advisable to fasten the sprockets 19 in KpoimrTciinax 20, which are mounted on the curvatures to the g-: ear beams 21 and allow to adjust the tension of the chains when moving Kroptteppov relative to the beams. The movement of the casing is limited to the end of CL 22, installed on the ends of the rails 6. So K;:; At the engine 14 of the mechanism for moving the; -: ear is set away from the roller fur of the form rotating, then there is practically no possibility of damage to the engine of the pn RS; splashing poured into the form of liquid metal.

After the housing is moved to the outermost position, air circulation through the mold is stopped and the cooling of the mold is minimized in the result of a coi; -; tivi; th heat pump. In addition, splashes: -. Etalla, as well as otboasyvae.mye vranlayunpeys Fo) my solid particles hit the strong walls of the casing and remain inside it, which increases the safety of the foundry workers. The casing {FIG. 2) is equipped with a b-shaped bracket / shami 23, which interact with curved rods 24 attached to section 25 of iMaiiJiiHbi and prevent them from lifting up on the shape of the casing. The distance between the upper wall of the housing and the surface of the rollers 26 is smaller than the diameter of the mounted / discs 27, which prevents the rollers from rolling the mold during the casting.

The drive roller section consists of two horizontal rollers 26, spaced from one another by an angle of 80-100 ° (along the arc of the form disk), which ensures a reliable installation of the form on them / with disks 27. The mold is made collapsible. Opposite rollers 26 are mounted in sub-bearings 28, which are fixed on frame 25 so that the rollers can only rotate in the horizontal plane, and the rotary: there are flanges 29 in them, fixing their shape in the axial direction when metal is poured into it. It is preferable to position the flanges on the rollers so that the distance between them is greater than the length of the most overall shape, and to make the rollers inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle to 3 (usually the angle of inclination is 10) so that the mold always touches the flanges 29, located adjacent to the casting machine. In order to eliminate the possibility of seizure between the discs of the form and the flanges, the surface of the discs or flanges is covered with a thick, heat-resistant lubricant, and on the partition 9 a wheel 30 is installed, g, iKOTopoe; 1; 1; the shape rotates freely around an axis, perpendicular,; 5, the axis of rotation 1: zrats; :) and.

When casting in molds of various parts, for example, housings for asynchronous electric motors, supporting discs on all molds are made equal in diameter, the shape of any standard size is laid on rollers with a gradient in the horizontal plane and rests on the flanges 29 regardless of its length. Since the forms 1 are only supported by the rollers 26 and are not otherwise connected with other components of the machine, their installation into the machine and removal from the machine can be done quite quickly and simply.

The fixing flanges located on the rollers 26 can be moved along the rollers (in particular, the flange that is furthest from the casting device) by changing the axial distance between the flanges depending on the length of the mold being installed in the machine. To fasten the flanges on the rollers, use the clamping bolts 31 installed in the openings of the slotted flanges, and the installation radial screws 32, which are screwed into the flanges and allow you to adjust the position of the flange relative to the roller, at the same time additionally fixing the roller in a certain place.

For the production of rollers 26 1 is used

A toothed belt S3, worn on the pulleys 34 (Fig. 4), which are attached to the ends of the rollers and covered with a cover 35. For the drive of the belt 33, an adjustable electric rod is used, allowing the rotation speed of the form from zero to 460, depending on on the required speed of the casting process, defined by the diameter of the form P geomstra: 1st cast n; 10Y

the details.

To adjust the tension, slss 33, which causes the roller 25 to rotate. 1: c: an adjustment bolt 36 installed in the electric motor is used.

3 quality nrmBODPOGO engine (phpg. 4)

a 1o adjustable motor is used: then: 1 | 1st current, which is powered from W-Hz AC power supply 37 through a frequency converter 38 and normally open;,; lx; 1U-1 at. 39. The current source 37 is also connected via the rectifier 40 s of the tamper;, p1 of the electric motor through the normally closed switch 41 (mechanically connected to the switch 39) for dynamic braking of the electric motor when the alternating current is applied to its windings. The centrobelky switch 42 is connected in series with the rectifier 40 and provides current drainage from the motor windings during

its stopping. For fast torgaol enn of the rollers 26, which cannot be provided for with the electric motor brake when the AC source is disconnected, one of the rollers 26 can be installed with the mechanical brake 43. As a clear brake electromagnetic resistive trench, in which, under the action of a magnetic zero, the brake pads move away from the

 etupitsy. When the brake coil motor is disconnected, holding the brake in the defined position is de-energized, the brake pads are pressed against the HS of the rotating hub, which ensures mechanic braking of the rollers. The control of the brake exe.iy includes an emergency switch 44, when switched on, simultaneous mechanical and electrical torping occurs.

Stalin's drive rollers (Fig. 1)

rigidly attached to the frame 45 of the mace (Zolta 46, installed in its paws 47. In the center of the bed there is a rectangular window 48 through which it is placed on rollers

either hot air is supplied through the air duct 49 (Fig. 5), which provides for an underpressure preheating of the mold before the temperature of the pour, or cold air that enters through the air duct 50 and provides for the cooling of the mold after the pour

speeding up the process of solidification of the casting. In most cases, there is no need to control the flow rate of the air supplied to the mold, however, in order to improve the quality of the castings and increase the productivity of the machine, it is possible to regulate the flow rate and temperature of the air supplied to the shape with the help of the air damper 51, which blocks the air ducts 49 and 50.

The pouring device // comprises a bucket mounted at the end of the carriage 52, with the aid of which the bucket moves in the longitudinal direction and is inserted into the mold. The bucket consists of a metal outer casing and internal thermal insulation made of refractory ceramics (99% pure silicon oxide and a binder) that prevents cooling:; to the apparition of molten metal (for example aluminum) in the bucket, which is poured into the bucket by a pump 53 through conduit 54. Typically, the insulating bucket lining has a thickness that makes it possible to refuse to install additional heaters in the bucket to maintain the required temperature of the molten metal in the bucket. In the upper part of the bucket, you have an opening 55 through which metal is poured into the bucket and through which, at iiQiBopoTe, the metal of the metal is poured. The length of the flange 55 should be at least 75% of the mold, and to obtain high-quality castings, it is desirable that the length of this hole is 85-90% of the length (. For changing the buckets (for example, at the n: transition from one molded part on other parts) are used bolts 56 (Fig. 6), which are included in sockets (not shown) made in sunport 57. At the end of the bucket there is a threaded hole 58 into which an installation bolt is screwed in, additionally: K1 a reversing bucket to the caliper.

At the end of the carriage 52 (Fig. 1) there is a plate 59 which, after moving the bucket to the working position: closes the hole made in the wall of the partition 9, and completely isolates the filler shape from the surrounding 1, its space. The cart is mounted on all-wheeled wheels 60 on the other hand, but not at the corner with the guide 61 with the help of a cable 62, which is connected with connecting elements 63 to the bottom of the cart. The cable envelops the blocks: 64, mounted in brackets 65 welded to the frame 66, and rolls onto the 67 N. cylinder cylinder 68. At the last, holes 69 are made through which air is supplied to the inside cylinder, and the piston (and carriage) moves the speed of the piston 70 and 7 /. It is advisable to feed the bucket inside the mold quickly and immediately after pouring molten metal into it. However, due to the different amount of metal in the ladle, determined by the size of the spliced part, the speed of movement of the carriage must be changed in order to eliminate the possibility of its slipping. The intake rate of the bucket is controlled by the use of a clanan 70, which changes the flow rate of air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder. Controlling the speed of not opening an open bucket with a large amount of molten metal eliminates the unacceptable cooling of the metal in the bucket. Metal pouring speed of

The ladle is significantly affected by the quality of the part being cast. The speed of the die casting is controlled by changing the speed of rotation of the gear 72, fixed to the end of the bucket axis 73 and engaging with the rail 74. The latter (FIG. 7) is changed by the plunger 75 of the dual pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder 76, with which you can vary the speed of movement of the rail and the succession and rotational speed of the pinion 72. The speed of the pusher pusher1 is controlled using the adjusting clan 77, from MCMisnoHicro, the flow rate was between the nolost of 78 and 79 double pneumohydraulic

cnl.indra. Two-way clanan 80 regulates the flow of compressed air into the cavity 81, under the pressure of which the plunger moves.

By adjusting the valve 77, it is possible to change the time for the metal to be poured into the mold from 2 to 15 seconds depending on the size of the cast part (after compressed air is fed into the CAVITY 81 of the cylinder 76, the opening of the clan is 80). If the time the metal is poured into the mold

Since the plate is small, the resulting casting will have a non-uniform structure with defects on the surface. If, on the contrary, the metal is poured very quickly, the metal to be poured will spray and spray

will be nonadjacent to the shape surrounding the details. Thus, despite the fact that the NRP casting engine housings of the same type does not require the speed of pouring metal into the mold. However, the proposed machine provides the ability to control the speed of casting, allowing us to cast various sizes of the engine case with a horizontal machine. Conventional pneumatic cylinders do not provide

required adjustment of the casting speed, therefore, in the described machines for these purposes, a pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder is used. In the bucket it is possible to load a different amount of metal. Depending on the

the size of the molded case, with this. the trolley cannot balance this difference in the weight of the cantilever bucket. In order to limit the possibility of the trolley tilting, the thrust roller devices located under the rear wheels of the trolley are used, with the help of which a force is created that balances the trolley. The roller devices comprise a roller 82 sliding along the lower surface of the sheet 83, on which

guides 84 are mounted. The roller 82 is secured with an axis to a vertical sheet 85 welded to the bogie frame. The limit switches 86 and 87, connected to the valves 70 .1 71, are mounted on the opposite ends of the guides 84 and automatically control the operation of the pneumatic cylinder 68, which moves the cart from one extreme position to the other.

At the time of the paidoTbi horizontal machine; Ina for centrifugal-casting form 1 is placed on rollers 26, and the casing 2 is moved by engine 14 of HairiipaiBO, z.kryvaya lying on the roller form. With the help of a dosing pump, the required amount of liquid metal is poured into the carpet, after which the tank is quickly injected into the mold as a result of supplying compressed air in the mill 68, and the ladle feed rate zavlkit from the amount of metal found in it and is not terobuksovyvani carts. After putting the bucket into the mold, the valve 80 is opened and compressed air is supplied to the cylinder 76 (inpn this I clam 77 is adjusted so that the speed of the pouring metal and the IB form corresponds to the dimensions and geometry of the part to be replaced). The roller devices exclude the carriage and the trolley, and the separation of the form from the role; coke 26 is excluded due to the fact that the casing is located in the immediate vicinity of the drive bodies.

After the casting process has been completed, zhovsh is removed from the forums, and the cover is rolled back. An open ic form with a part can be easily removed from the rollers and a new form can be put on them, 1 using forums with one or another drive discs for the same: KI engine enclosures of different sizes; to switch from iKopnycoB casting of engines of one size to casting of engine housings of another size, it is necessary to change the amount of metal poured into the conch (or replace the carpet). The weight of the metal poured into the ladle and the type of the cast part determine

The feed rate of the goat into the mold and the speed of casting metal from the scab into the mold, which are tentatively determined empirically for each individual form. In the case of engine sizes of the same size, the valves 70 and 77 are adjusted according to the previously obtained specific data.

Subject invention

Claims (4)

1. Horizontal machine for centrifugal casting, in; keying L1pteynuyu form, located on the roll ;; - lah, casting mold, casting device with drive and protective casing with Pr11G ALC., FROM Shchuy and so that enabling the manufacture of iplOnOlIeochplahs of various sizes: by means of a given temperature of the casting, of its shape and varying the speeds of movement of the casting device from the mold and its rotation, it is equipped with a device for supplying air to the inside of the protective casing temperature controlled, and movement of the actuators of the tundish and its rotation are adjustable. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the vertical angle, "",  displacement of the mold relative to the rollers; a restrictive device is mounted inside the protective casing. 3. Maschina on pi. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to reduce the axial movement of the casting mold along the rollers, the latter are not inclined at an angle of less than 3 ° to the horizontal sill and are fitted with flanges, which have the ability to move relative to the rollerosis. 4. Maschina on PP. 1-3, and a cn. so that, in order to lower the safety of the machine, it is equipped with a mechanical brake, which is activated when the electrical circuit is disconnected. 37 L-A j j 4, --lH I  5 7S, p, ff 1 JezSr MMM ,,., J;: U ..:. 1y55 Ul% i,: -T 1 3 And Y2 V CPi-g 7 SI