SU465800A3 - Heater - Google Patents

Description

(54) HEATER

The aim of the invention is to increase the combustion efficiency and reduce pollution in the heat transfer zone.

This is due to the fact that the two neighboring edges on the side opposite to the outlet nozzle are located with a larger central angle between them than between the other neighboring edges. This embodiment of the ribbing allows a space without ribs to be formed outside the chamber at a minimum angle of 30 °. By varying this angle, which is equivalent to changing the heating surface, it is possible to appropriately separate the heat removed from the coolant and gases in accordance with the requirements characteristic of the internal combustion engine. The surface of the inner cylinder, which does not have fins, only slightly participates in heat transfer, so that very hot gases pass through it. With this design, only a single reversal occurs, and the same thermal conditions are created in the combustion chamber as with double reversal of gases generated during combustion. On the opposite side of this space, there is a discharge pipe through which gases generated in the heating apparatus are directed directly to the crankcase of the internal combustion engine. Gases formed during combustion and passing through a cavity that does not have fins enter the exhaust pipe only after they have passed the central combustion chamber and heated it additionally, which will ensure an increase in the efficiency of fuel combustion and a decrease in pollution in the burning zones. heat transfer.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed heater, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one.

The heater contains devices 1 and 2 for igniting and supplying fuel with air and a heat exchanger 3 with a central combustion chamber 4. The heat exchanger is made in the form of an outer 5 and an inner 6 coaxial cylinders, which form an annular cavity 7 for an engine coolant. On the inner surface of cylinder 6

radial ribs 8 are provided, extending to space 9 without ribs. Coaxially with the inner cylinder 6, there is a central combustion chamber 4, from which hot gases formed during combustion are discharged. In the base 10, the gases generated during combustion are reversed by 180 ° and transfer part of their heat to the ribs 8 before leaving the side outlet 11. The space 9, which does not have ribs, covers the central angle between two adjacent ribs 8 on the side opposite the diverting nozzle I. This angle is equal to or greater than 30 ° and significantly greater than the angles between the other adjacent ribs. Space 9 is designed to separate the heat generated, improve combustion efficiency and equalize the flow in the annular cavity 12 formed by the central combustion chamber 4 and the inner cylinder 6. The nozzle 11 is located on the side opposite to the space 9 that does not have fins. Hot gases formed during combustion and passing through space 9 flow around the central combustion chamber 4, heat it up, and only after that leave the exhaust pipe 11 of the heat exchanger 3 together with the other gases formed during combustion and passing through the heat-transfer zone 13 with fins 8 .

Subject invention

Preheater for preheating the internal combustion engine, containing ignition and fuel supply devices with air, and a heat exchanger with a central combustion chamber, made in the form of two coaxial cylinders forming an annular cavity for the engine coolant, equipped with a side exhaust pipe and radial fins on the inside surface washed by combustion gases, characterized in that, in order to increase the combustion efficiency and reduce pollution in the heat transfer zone, two adjacent x ribs on the side opposite the outlet conduit present, arranged with a large central angle therebetween than that between other adjacent ribs.

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