SU1725023A1 - Furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to industrial heat technology, in particular, to the design of furnaces for burning low-reactive fuels, thermally neutralizing solid, liquid and gaseous wastes. The purpose of the invention is to intensify the combustion process and increase operational reliability. The firebox is equipped with two types of pulsating combustion chambers, which makes it possible to refuse moving grates and difficult air supply to the firebox. The furnace includes a housing 1 of heat-resistant material, to which the hopper 2 adjoins the waste. The housing 1 is divided into three compartments by annular partitions 7. Under the bunker 2 there are chambers 3 and 4 of pulsating combustion of the harmonic and relaxation type, mounted in the air duct 5. The bottom compartments of the firebox 6 are equipped with air nozzles. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to industrial heat technology, in particular, to the design of forced furnaces for burning low-residue fuels and thermally neutralizing solid, liquid and gaseous wastes.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the combustion process and increase operational reliability.

Figure 1 shows the Pulsar Topar Figure 2 - section A-A in Figure 1; on fig.Z - section bb in figure 1.

The furnace is a body 1 of heat-resistant material (lining brick, heat-resistant concrete blocks, etc.), which is flanked by a bunker 2 for waste loading, having a (not specified) feeder. Under the bunker 2 there is a pulsating combustion chamber 3 of a harmonic type, which is a 1.5-2 m long pipe with a diameter of 0.076-0.1 ms, broadened at one end with a length of 0.4 m and a diameter of 0.3 m, where the fuel injector is located; Aerodynamic air valve in the form of a pipe section with a length of 0.4 m and a diameter of 0.9 m. Two chambers of relaxation type 4 are containers in the form of bent pipes with nozzles, electric candles and air nozzles and can be operated in series or simultaneously.

The pulsating combustion chambers 3 and 4 are located in the air duct 5. Under the bunker 2, there are pre-furnaces 6, and only one preheater is connected to the exit of the bunker. The body 1 of the furnace is divided into three compartments I, II, III by means of annular partitions 7 interrupted only on the front furnaces 6. The compartments are hollow discs with a diameter of 1.5-3 m wide 0.5-1 m the release of gaseous products of combustion. The IJUII compartments are connected by inclined shelves 9 installed above the pre-furnaces 6. The shelves 9 are made of heat-resistant materials. All compartments of the firebox on the bottom side of the air box 5 are equipped with air nozzles 10, and the compartment ill-an ash pit 11.

The furnace works as follows.

A smoke exhauster (not specified) connected to an embrasure 8 is turned on. Air is supplied from a blower fan (not specified) to the duct 5. The cavity of the firebox is ventilated for several minutes and then the pulsating combustion chamber 3 is turned on and off. The firebox heats up to the required temperature (wall temperature 500-800 ° C). In the hopper 2 conveyor serves waste to be neutralized. From the lower part of the bunker 2, this waste enters section 5 of compartment I and is processed by an intense pulsating torch from chamber 3 of pulsating combustion.

harmonic type, as well as a stream of air from the air nozzles. After a certain time determined by the finishing of the furnace (which depends on the amount of debris being processed, its properties, fuel consumption), the pulsating burning chamber of the relaxation type of compartment I is turned on. Its mode of operation: explosion, relaxation (accumulation), subsequent explosion (period 1-100s ). When camera 4 is triggered from its exhaust

an explosive jet is ejected, which moves the garbage along the cylindrical surface of compartment I upwards, the garbage falls on shelf 9 and is dumped into the pre-furnace 6 of compartment II. When chamber 4 of compartment II is triggered, a similar process takes place, and the remains of the garbage are dumped into compartment III, from where the air stream from the air nozzle 10 moves the ash residues to the ash pan 11, then the ash is removed from the furnace. The chambers 4 of the pulsating combustion of the compartments I and II can be activated simultaneously.

Thus, the waste is subjected to intense heat from the pulsating combustion chamber 3 of the harmonic type, the mechanical impact from the pulsating combustion chamber 4 of the relaxation type, is intensively blown from the air nozzles 10, have sufficient time to react

movement in compartments I, II, III, and this is due to the technical and economic effect.

The absence of moving parts, grates, complex air and gas pipelines increases reliability

operation of the furnace,

The capacity of the furnace during the burning of garbage increases due to the intensity of the combustion process and heat and mass, and the improvement of the burning / combustible elements

the expense of rejection of moving mechanisms, ease of maintenance, repair and replacement of the most heat-stressed elements.

Claims (1)

The invention includes a furnace containing a refractory body, a device for loading waste, made in the form of a hopper with dispensers, a device for removing ash residues and air nozzles, in order to intensify the process combustion and increase operational reliability, it is equipped with pulsating combustion of the harmonic and relaxation types, installed under the bunker, and the furnace body is divided annular partitions into compartments to which the exhaust of the pulsating combustion chambers is tangentially connected, and the compartments are interconnected by inclined shelves, and the air nozzles are installed at the exhaust of the pulsating combustion chambers.