SU1767A1 - Apparatus for separating immiscible liquids with different specific gravities - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is intended to separate liquids having different densities; in particular, it is particularly applicable to the separation of oil from water in the cleaning of holds and tanks on ships that use oil as fuel or for transporting oil. The separation is achieved by allowing the mixture of liquids to flow horizontally for a period of time sufficient for the lighter fluid of the lugs to rise to the surface; this liquid on the upper part of the apparatus passes under the pressure of the total mass of liquids into a special collector located above the apparatus, and is removed from the apparatus with the help of automatic-. operating valves, and usually the flow of a lighter fluid occurs in the opposite direction to the flow of the entire mass of fluid.

The apparatus is designed in such a way that it can be installed on a vessel or barge, as its constant membership, for which the double cell bottom is especially suitable.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the proposed apparatus with a detached collector top, through which an elevated fluid flows lighter and with an image of the internal structure of the apparatus; in fig. 2- an external side view of the same apparatus divided into compartments connected by a common branch pipe; in fig. 3, 4 shows the location of the apparatus in the hull; in fig. 5-7 depict diagrams of automatic float devices that regulate the release of lighter fluids; in fig. 8-9 depict a regulating float in a larger one and a detail of the valve device; in fig. 10 is a plan of FIG. eight; in fig. 11 is a section along the line CD of FIG. 4 and in FIG. 12 - a modified device device.

The device consists of a hermetically sealed horizontal elongated reservoir J, divided by numerous vertical partitions 3, 3 ... reinforced or rigidly to the side walls of the apparatus, or on hinges 7 located at the side walls (Fig. 1),

a method for shutting off an outlet valve for a light fluid of an electromagnetic device with a solenoid 34 (FIG. 3), fed by current from battery B, the contacts of which are lowered inside the valve so that the current closes when the water layer penetrates the valve like an electrolytic conductor.

3. In the apparatus, in accordance with clause 1, the use of a steam or hydraulic valve (Fig. 7, 10) with an outlet valve to enhance the operation of the float when locking or opening the valve.

4. The form of implementation of the apparatus for the separation of liquids, according p.p. 1 and 3, from the point that in order to change the pressure of the light liquid in the cap b, the pipe 4 is made rotatable to change the level of the discharge of the thick liquid (Fig. 1).

5. The form of the apparatus, according to pp. 1-4, characterized by the use of movable partitions 11 (Fig. 2).

6.When the device, according p.n. 1-5, the use of a sliding valve

(Fig. 7 and 8) for closing the release of light-LIQUID.

7. In the apparatus, in accordance with clause 1-6, the use of an air pipe 26 (FIG. 8) with a valve 25 for exhausting gases from the cap 16.

8. The form of the apparatus, according to p. 1-7, characterized in that a part of the ship's hold or the gap between the double walls of the ship's bottom (Fig. 5) is used as a horizontal box for upholding.

9. The form of the apparatus, in accordance with paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that several horizontally separated boxes have one common manifold with an automatic valve, for the release of a lighter fluid (Fig. 4).

10. Videoprocessing apparatus, according to p. 1, characterized in that the pipe for the release of heavier liquids is equipped with an automatic valve 74 (Fig. 12), closed and opened under the action of the float 13, while the light liquid is discharged without an automatic valve.

Tipo.-1itografy 1 “Red Printers, Leningrad, International, 75.

an electromagnetic device is possible in the case when the light liquid is not an electrical wiring, but a conductor is electrically conductive, in which case (Fig. 6) two electrodes .55, 33 connected to a source of electricity are lowered into the cap 16 to a certain depth The solenoid 34 hangs, the core of which closes and opens the tap J4 directly or through an electric motor of a conventional device at a time when water (a heavier fluid) and the current in the circuit closes the contacts of the electrodes 33j 33.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic of a modified apparatus, in which a light liquid collected from the apparatus’s cap enters directly into the collector, whereas the discharge of a heavy fluid is automatically performed as it accumulates with the help of a float 13 located in the appendage at the bottom of the apparatus and adjusted so that When the bottom of the B accumulates sufficiently heavy liquid, the float 13 floats, passing the liquid through the valve 14, which opens with a slide valve, using steam or hydraulic action. The mixture of liquids is let through pipe 2.

The operation of the described apparatus is that, for example, when separating oil from water, oil balls, when liquid flows through the apparatus, rise upwards, are retained by partitions, going to the top of each compartment between partitions, after which the oil gradually passes along the apparatus directly along the lid or pipeline 37 to collection tank 76.

Before actuation, the apparatus is pre-filled with water to level XZ (Fig. 8), which causes the valve 14 to close, then the fluid mixture is admitted through pipe 2 and the device is activated, and the elbow of pipe 4 is set so that you are level. water flow was above the oil release level.

To activate the apparatus of FIG. 12, it is pre-filled with oil and then a mixture of liquids is let through pipe 2.

On ships, instead of a horizontal tank, a part of the ship’s hold or the space between the double walls of the ship bottom is used, as shown in FIG. 3. where the separation apparatus is located in a cellar double bottom between the barriers 42 and 43, like fuel or ballast chambers. In some cases, the partitions can serve as transverse partitions of the ship hull, equipped with manholes 5 (Fig. 1). A float chamber 44 is located on top. The mixture is supplied by a bilge pump 45, at which the defying water is discharged through pipe 46 and oil is supplied through pipe 47, 48. It is possible to put several separating devices 47 on the vessel (Fig. 4 and 11) in various places of the vessel by connecting them with pipelines to a common oil collector 44, which is located in any place of the vessel.

SUBJECT MATTER ..

1. An apparatus for separating immiscible liquids with different specific weights, using a horizontal elongated tank with multiple partitions, characterized by that. that the reservoir 1 (Fig. 1) is provided in the upper part with a cap 16 for collecting a lighter fluid, for the release of which in this cap an opening is arranged with an automatic valve 14, a lockable float 13 located in this cap that pops up in case of penetration into the cap Another outlet is arranged in the lower part of the tank, equipped with a bent pipe 4 to drain this heavy fluid under a certain pressure.

2. In the apparatus, according to p. 1, the use instead of the float when .39 (pnr.Z.

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