SU1674046A1 - Telescope - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: optical instrumentation; used in geodetic instruments. The purpose of the invention is to enhance the functionality by providing convenience in sighting light sources. To point to the light source, overlap images 12 on lens 1 and cross 4 eyelets 3 are combined. Crosshair 12 is illuminated by an external light source, lens 1 and an eyelet 3 are defocused. 2 hp f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The invention relates to optical instrument making, namely, to the optic tubes of geodetic instruments, and is intended primarily to determine the direction to a light source with a spherical radiation pattern.

The aim of the invention is to enhance the functionality by providing the convenience of sighting light sources.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the viewing tube; in fig. 2 - lens crosshair; in fig. 3 - an eye crosshair; FIG. 4 explains the principle of imaging; in fig. Figures 5–7 depict a field of view when viewed through a telescope with varying sighting accuracy and a different number of light sources in the field of view.

The telescope contains a lens 1 fixed with a frame (not shown in the drawing) in the end part of the tube 2. On the opposite side, the ocular part is inserted into the tube 2, containing the ocular p 3 and crosshair 4 applied to a thin plane-parallel glass plate

5, fixed by means of adjusting screws 6 in the front focal plane of the ocular 3. The ocular p 3 can be moved along the optical axis of the instrument, which is necessary to obtain a clear image of the cross 4. The focusing mechanism of the telescope contains a handle 7, on the axis of which there is a gear 8, and a comb 9 mounted on the ocular tube 10. This mechanism moves the ocular 3 with intersection 4 relative to the rear focus of the lens, which is necessary when focusing the telescope. On the outer surface of the inner lens 11 of objective 1, a crosshair 12 is applied, the center of which is located on the optical axis of the telescope, and the direction of the filaments is rotated by 45 ° relative to the cross 4 oculars.

The principle of imaging in the telescope is shown in FIG. 4. With. pointing the telescope to a distant light source 13 with a divergent beam of rays 14 and a spherical radiation pattern, for example, a-discharge lamp, the light wave enters the lens

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1 telescope. In doing so, the light wave illuminates crosshair 12 and is partially obscured by it.

The image of source 13 is formed by lens 1 near the focal plane of the lens. The ocular p 3 with crosshair 4 is defocused, as a result of which the observer sees the entrance pupil of the lens 1 illuminated by the source 13, shaded by the crosshair 12. In addition, the crosshair of the 4 ocular can be seen in the field of view.

When using a telescope, you must first install the tube over the eye. For this, the observer moves the eyelet 3 relative to cross 4 and achieves a clear image cross 4. After this, the telescope is directed at the light source in the defocus mode of the optical system relative to the light source, for example, in the middle position of gear 8 on the comb 9 of the focusing mechanism (Fig. one). At the same time, the observer in the field 15 of the view of the telescope sees the light disk 16 (this is the section of the light beam in the focus area) and the crosshair 17 that crosses it (this image is to cross 12 lenses). If several light sources get into the field of view of the pipe, for example three, then the image becomes as shown in FIG. 6. Since the center of the cross lens 12 is located on the optical axis of the telescope, its image automatically marks the center of the light source. In order to accurately guide the telescope to the light source, it is necessary to further defocus the optical system relative to the desired

light source. For this, rotating the handle 7 extends the ocular part from the objective tube 2. At the same time, the field of the bright disk 16 increases and appears

image 18 cross over 4 ocul. The exact guidance of the telescope to the light source will be when the centers of the images of the crosshairs of the lens 17 and the ocular 18 are combined, as shown in FIG. 7

At the same time, the possibility of observing non-luminous objects with the aid of the proposed telescope is preserved. In this case, the focal planes of the lens 1 and the ocular 3 are aligned.

The proposed visual tube can be widely used in geodesy, astronomy, navigation.

Claims (3)

1. Visual tube containing body, lens mounted in body, an eyepiece mounted in the housing with the possibility of movement along the optical axis, and a crosshair placed in the front focus of the eyepiece, which that, in order to extend the functionality by providing convenience of sighting light sources, a second crosshair is applied to one of the lens surfaces, the center of which is placed on optical axis of the lens. 2. A tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the second crosshair is unrolled relative to the first at an angle of 45 ° around the optical axis of the lens. 3. A pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the second crosshair is applied to the inner surface of the lens facing the ocular shaft. I J O k t about Ni O) -J 4k o 4k 0 / b sixteen FIG. 6 / 6 FIG. 7