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SU1286109A3 - Monopolar electrolyzer - Google Patents

Monopolar electrolyzer Download PDF

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Publication number
SU1286109A3
SU1286109A3 SU782633304A SU2633304A SU1286109A3 SU 1286109 A3 SU1286109 A3 SU 1286109A3 SU 782633304 A SU782633304 A SU 782633304A SU 2633304 A SU2633304 A SU 2633304A SU 1286109 A3 SU1286109 A3 SU 1286109A3
Authority
SU
USSR - Soviet Union
Prior art keywords
membranes
cathode
cathode compartment
anodes
walls
Prior art date
Application number
SU782633304A
Other languages
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Пеллегри Альберто
Original Assignee
Оронцио Де Нора Импианти Элеттрохимичи С.П.А. (Фирма)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Оронцио Де Нора Импианти Элеттрохимичи С.П.А. (Фирма) filed Critical Оронцио Де Нора Импианти Элеттрохимичи С.П.А. (Фирма)
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of SU1286109A3 publication Critical patent/SU1286109A3/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/34Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
    • C25B1/46Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/40Cells or assemblies of cells comprising electrodes made of particles; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/006Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Abstract

An electrolytic cell has dimensionally stable anodes 4, non- porous ion-selective membranes 8 separating the anodes from a cathode compartment in a cathode container 1 and a porous, static bed of loose, particulate conducting cathodic material 10 in the cathode compartment of the container. The cathodic material extends between conductive walls of the cathode compartment and the membranes and contacts the conductive walls of the cathode and the membranes to carry current between the walls of the cathode compartment and the membranes. This construction reduces the electrodic gap to substantially the thickness of the membranes and presses the membranes against the anodes. It produces greater uniformity of current density over the entire electrodic area, substantially free from localised differences of current density which tend to cause deterioration of the membranes by the creation of localised mechanical and electrical stresses in other types of cells. The invention also provides a method for carrying current from the effective cathodic surface to the walls of the cathode compartment. <IMAGE>

Description

слcl

САCa

11eleven

Изобретение относитс  к области конструкций электролизеров дл  злект рохимрмеского синтеза, в частности дл  электролиза хлоридов щелочных металлов.The invention relates to the field of electrolytic cell structures for electrolytic synthesis, in particular for the electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides.

Целью изобретени   вл етс  сниже- ние расхода электроэнергии и повышение надежности работы электролизераThe aim of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and increase the reliability of the operation of the electrolyzer.

На фиг.1 представлен электролизер с цилиндрическими электродами, вертикальный разрез; на фиг.2 - разрез А-А на фиг.1.Figure 1 shows a cell with cylindrical electrodes, a vertical section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

Электролизер состоит из корпуса 1, служащего катодом, цилиндрических перфорированных анодов 2 и цилиндрических катионообменных мембран 3. Внизу устройства выполнен патрубок 4 дл  подачи хлорида натри , в верхней части - патрубок 5 дл  вывода хлора , в камере 6 в нижней части установлен патрубок 7 дл  вывода хлорида натри , в катодной камере 8 помещена засыпка 9, вьшол- ненна  из катодного материала в виде шаров, цилиндров, колец, седел, стружек ипи металлических волокон, причем засыпка плотно прижимает мембрану к аноду. В катодной камере имеетс  патрубок 10 дл  вывода водорода и патрубок I1 дл  вывода щелочи .The electrolyzer consists of a housing 1 serving as a cathode, cylindrical perforated anodes 2 and cylindrical cation-exchange membranes 3. At the bottom of the device there is a nozzle 4 for supplying sodium chloride, in the upper part there is a nozzle 5 for chlorine withdrawal sodium chloride, in the cathode chamber 8, backfill 9 is placed; it is made of cathode material in the form of balls, cylinders, rings, saddles, shavings or metal fibers, and the backfill tightly presses the membrane to the anode. In the cathode chamber there is a nozzle 10 for the withdrawal of hydrogen and a nozzle I1 for the withdrawal of alkali.

Внизу размещена распределительна камера 12.The distribution chamber 12 is located below.

В процессе работы концентриро- ванньй рассол 120-130 г/л хлорида натри  поступает через патрубок 4 внутрь распределительной коробки 12 откуда рассол поднимаетс  в каждый из цилиндрических анодов 2, покрытых вентильным металлом, на которых образуетс  хлор. Ионы натри  проход т через катионообменную мембрану 3 и объедин ютс  с гидроксильными группами , которые возникают на катоде при электролизе воды, образу  при этом щелочь. Хлор поднимаетс  по электролиту, заключенному внутри цилиндрических анодов 2, и поступает в камеру 6, где он отдел етс  от жидкости и вькодит через патрубок 5. During operation, a concentrated brine of 120-130 g / l of sodium chloride is supplied through the pipe 4 to the inside of the junction box 12, from where the brine rises to each of the cylindrical anodes 2 covered with valve metal, on which chlorine is formed. Sodium ions pass through the cation-exchange membrane 3 and combine with hydroxyl groups that occur on the cathode during the electrolysis of water, forming an alkali. Chlorine rises through the electrolyte contained inside the cylindrical anodes 2, and enters the chamber 6, where it is separated from the liquid and passed through the nozzle 5.

00

1one

5five

092092

Объединенный рассол хлорида натри  выходит через патрубок 7 вьтода, откуда он поступает в систему его повторного насыщени , а затем снова возвращаетс  в электролизер.The combined sodium chloride brine is discharged through port 7 of the reactor, from where it enters the system to re-saturate it, and then returns to the electrolyzer.

Водород, которьш образуетс  на за- сьтке 9, поднимаетс  вверх и выходит через патрубок 10.The hydrogen that is formed at strip 9 rises up and exits through nipple 10.

За счет засыпки в катодном пространстве катионообменна  мембрана плотно прижимаетс , что обеспечивает равномерное распределение плотности тока по всей поверхности ионообменной мембраны с целью предотвращени  необратимого повреждени  самой мембраны , и кроме того, сводит к минимуму рассто ние между электродами дл  снижени  напр жени  электролизера .Due to the backfilling in the cathode space, the cation-exchange membrane is pressed tightly, which ensures a uniform distribution of current density over the entire surface of the ion-exchange membrane in order to prevent irreversible damage to the membrane itself, and also minimizes the distance between the electrodes to reduce the cell voltage.

Во всех случа х услови  дл  испытаний следующие: анолит NaCl 200 г/л, католит NaOH 16 вес.%, температура 75-85 С, рН (анолит) 4-4,5, плотность тока (над поверхностью анода) 3000 А/м.In all cases, the conditions for the test are as follows: anolyte NaCl 200 g / l, catholyte NaOH 16 wt.%, Temperature 75-85 ° C, pH (anolyte) 4-4.5, current density (above the anode surface) 3000 A / m .

Результаты приведены в таблице.The results are shown in the table.

30thirty

С шарами изWith balls from

никел 3,4nickel 3.4

С спрессованными волокнами из никел  3,4With pressed nickel fibers 3.4

С зазором дл  никелевого катода (противопоставленный )3,7With a gap for the nickel cathode (contrasted) 3.7

8484

8585

8585

Таким образом, в предложенном электролизере снижаетс  расход электроэнергии .Thus, in the proposed electrolyzer, power consumption is reduced.

Фиг.22

Claims (1)

МОНОПОЛЯРНЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗЕР для электролиза хлоридов щелочных металлов, включающий корпус с анодами из вентильного металла, наложенными на них катионообменными мембранами, катоды, патрубки ввода раствора хлорида щелочного металла и вывода щелочи и хлора, отличающийся тем, что, с целью снижения расхода электроэнергии и повышения надежности работы электролизера, он снабжен засыпкой из катодного материала в виде шаров, цилиндров, колец, седел стружек или металлического волокна, помещенной во всем пространстве между катодом и мембраной .MONOPOLAR ELECTROLYZER for the electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides, including a casing with valve metal anodes, cation exchange membranes superimposed on them, cathodes, alkali metal chloride solution inlet pipes and alkali and chlorine output pipes, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and increase reliability electrolyzer, it is equipped with a backfill of cathode material in the form of balls, cylinders, rings, chip seats or metal fibers, placed in the entire space between the cathode and the membrane. С* СОC * CO СО сSB with
SU782633304A 1977-06-30 1978-06-29 Monopolar electrolyzer SU1286109A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT25251/77A IT1114820B (en) 1977-06-30 1977-06-30 ELECTROLYTIC MONOPOLAR MEMBRANE CELL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
SU1286109A3 true SU1286109A3 (en) 1987-01-23

Family

ID=11216133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SU782633304A SU1286109A3 (en) 1977-06-30 1978-06-29 Monopolar electrolyzer

Country Status (9)

Country Link
JP (4) JPS58756B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1106312A (en)
DE (1) DE2828621A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2002032B (en)
IT (1) IT1114820B (en)
NL (1) NL179926C (en)
SE (3) SE446104B (en)
SU (1) SU1286109A3 (en)
UA (1) UA6325A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1114820B (en) * 1977-06-30 1986-01-27 Oronzio De Nora Impianti ELECTROLYTIC MONOPOLAR MEMBRANE CELL
US4337127A (en) * 1980-03-07 1982-06-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for making a cathode, and method for lowering hydrogen overvoltage in a chlor-alkali cell
US4298447A (en) * 1980-03-07 1981-11-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Cathode and cell for lowering hydrogen overvoltage in a chlor-akali cell
JPS5941484A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-07 Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd Electrolytic tank for electrolysis of aqueous alkali chloride solution
JPS59164976A (en) * 1983-03-10 1984-09-18 Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd Measurement of tritium concentration
JPS6241530U (en) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-12
JPS62284095A (en) * 1986-06-02 1987-12-09 Permelec Electrode Ltd Durable electrolytic electrode and its production
JPH01201225A (en) * 1988-02-04 1989-08-14 Nippon Patent Electric Kk Floor surface grinder
JPH0611227U (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-02-10 東海ゴム工業株式会社 Metal laminated sheath cable
RU2636483C2 (en) * 2012-09-21 2017-11-23 Реоксин Дискавериз Груп, Инк. Cell for liquid electrolysis

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1194181A (en) * 1966-05-24 1970-06-10 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to Electrode Arrangements for Electrochemical Cells.
US3674676A (en) * 1970-02-26 1972-07-04 Diamond Shamrock Corp Expandable electrodes
DE2244244C3 (en) * 1972-09-15 1981-07-02 Dart Industries Inc., 90048 Los Angeles, Calif. Electrolytic process for removing a contaminant dissolved in an aqueous spent solution and regenerative electrolytic cell which can be used for this purpose
GB1423369A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-02-04 Electricity Council Electrolytic cells
DE2503652A1 (en) * 1974-02-04 1975-08-07 Diamond Shamrock Corp CELL FOR CHLORAL CALCIUM ELECTROLYSIS
GB1497542A (en) * 1974-05-30 1978-01-12 Parel Sa Electrochemical apparatus
US3969201A (en) * 1975-01-13 1976-07-13 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Electrolytic production of alkaline peroxide solutions
US3984303A (en) * 1975-07-02 1976-10-05 Diamond Shamrock Corporation Membrane electrolytic cell with concentric electrodes
IT1114820B (en) * 1977-06-30 1986-01-27 Oronzio De Nora Impianti ELECTROLYTIC MONOPOLAR MEMBRANE CELL

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Патент US № 3809630, кл. 204-98, опублик.1974. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6036683A (en) 1985-02-25
SE445562B (en) 1986-06-30
SE8205353L (en) 1982-09-20
SE445471B (en) 1986-06-23
CA1106312A (en) 1981-08-04
DE2828621C2 (en) 1989-11-09
NL7807036A (en) 1979-01-03
NL179926B (en) 1986-07-01
SE7805927L (en) 1978-12-31
JPS5417375A (en) 1979-02-08
UA6325A1 (en) 1994-12-29
JPS57126984A (en) 1982-08-06
GB2002032B (en) 1982-07-14
IT1114820B (en) 1986-01-27
JPS6053115B2 (en) 1985-11-22
JPS58756B2 (en) 1983-01-07
JPS59182984A (en) 1984-10-17
GB2002032A (en) 1979-02-14
SE8205353D0 (en) 1982-09-20
JPH0124867B2 (en) 1989-05-15
SE8207131L (en) 1982-12-14
DE2828621A1 (en) 1979-01-11
NL179926C (en) 1986-12-01
SE446104B (en) 1986-08-11
JPH0153355B2 (en) 1989-11-14
SE8207131D0 (en) 1982-12-14

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