SU1154318A1 - Method of regeneration of used lubricating oil - Google Patents

Abstract

1. METHOD FOR REGENERATING AN ELECTRICATED LUBRICANT OIL by diluting it with a gasoline fraction and treating with a chemical agent followed by removal of contaminants, water and fuel fractions, vacuum distillation of the clarified oil and additional treatment of the resulting oil fractions, characterized in that, in order to increase output, improve quality and simplifying the process, dimethylacetamide or its mixture with 0.1-0.3 wt.% sodium carbonate or calcium is used as a chemical agent in a mass ratio to oil.

Description

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The invention relates to methods for the regeneration of used lubricating oils, in particular motor oils, and can be applied in refineries and oil recovery stations.

Known methods of regeneration of waste oils by treating them with sulfuric acid and bleaching clays 1.

However, this treatment necessitates the removal of spent clays and spent sludge due to environmental pollution.

There is a method of regeneration of used motor oils, including the processing of oil with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids in an amount of 0.1-2% for used oil at 15-20 ° C and vigorous stirring with air. As a result of acid treatment, ash-forming non-hydrocarbon compounds and additives are released from waste oil. To speed up the precipitation of impurities and additives, additives of dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide can be added in an amount of 0.1-2% per initial oil.

When air is used to intensify mixing, complex colloidal systems are formed that are not destroyed even by centrifugation. Dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide manifest themselves in these cases as anti-detergents that help break the balance of the colloidal system and speed up the precipitation of contaminants. However, the process of purification of waste oil can be carried out without the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide 2.

The disadvantages of this method are the use of concentrated acids and the formation of acid waste that is difficult to dispose of, as well as the poor quality of the oils produced.

The closest to the invention to the technical essence is the method of regeneration of waste oils, comprising the following stages: diluting the used oil with gasoline (fraction 40-180 ° C) and processing 10-20 ° / with an aqueous solution of caustic or soda ash; sludge and pollution separation and stripping of water and fuel fractions; vacuum distillation to produce a distillate and residual components; treatment of the residual component with propane; aftertreatment of oil fractions by contact cleaning or hydrotreating. The amount of diluent used is 15-100 wt.% / O per waste oil 3.

The known method allows to obtain distillate and residual components of lubricating oils, however, their yield is not high enough (76-80% for raw materials). The disadvantage is also the need for additional purification of the residue from vacuum distillation.

to obtain a residual oil component of the required quality.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield and quality of regenerated oil, simplifying the process flow diagram.

The goal is achieved by the method of regeneration of used lubricating oil by diluting it with a gasoline fraction and treating with a chemical agent, followed by removing contaminants, water and fuel fractions, vacuum distillation of the clarified oil and refining of the resulting oil fractions, using dimethylacetamide or a mixture of it with 0.1-5.3 wt.% sodium carbonate or calcium at a mass ratio to the oil (1-6): 1.

In addition, the used oil is diluted with a gasoline fraction in a weight ratio of (1 -10): 1.

The waste oil contains acidic impurities and water, which may contribute to the decomposition of dimethylacetamide. To neutralize the acidic products and prevent the hydrolysis of dimethylacetamide, the solvent treatment is carried out in the presence of sodium carbonate or calcium in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt.% On dimethylacetamide.

Treatment of waste oil with dimethylacetamide removes most of the contaminants contained in the original oil: highly effective additives, oxidation products, mechanical impurities. Dilution of the oil with a gasoline fraction of 40–180 ° C in this ratio helps to improve the mass transfer in the system and increases the processing efficiency. It does not require additional treatment of the residue from vacuum distillation with propane. The residue obtained after contact purification or hydrotreatment is of good quality.

 can be used as a residual component of lubricating oil.

To carry out the process, the used oil is mixed with a gasoline fraction of 40-180 ° C in relation to the initial

5 with oil (1-10): 1 and treated with dimethylacetamide, taken in relation to oil (1-6): 1 at 20-35 ° C. The solvent treatment is carried out in the presence of sodium carbonate or calcium in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt.% On dimethylacetamide.

0 After settling, the upper oil phase is separated, containing oil, gasoline and dimethylacetamide, and distillation at 160-175 ° C and a residual pressure of 650-700 mm Hg. Art. Dimethyl tamide, diluent and fuel fractions contained in the feed are removed from it.

The clarified oil is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain distillate

fractions and residue, which are sent for after-treatment (contact or hydro-purification).

Vacuum distillation can also be carried out after purification of clarified oil.

From the lower phase containing dimethylacetamide, gasoline diluent, water, and soils, water sludge is separated by centrifugation or filtration. The diluent is separated from the watered dimethylacetamide sludge. As water accumulates in dimethylacetamide, it is regenerated.

Example 1. A mix of 100 g of used motor oil is mixed with 100 g of the gasoline fraction 40-180 ° C at 35 ° C and 100 g of dimethylacetamide and 0.1 g of calcium carbonate are added with stirring. The mixture was settled and the precipitate was separated. Dimethylacetamide and fuel fractions are removed from the clarified product at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 160-175 ° C. The clarified oil is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a distillate and residual fraction.

The distillate fraction is purified with bleaching clay at 95 ° С, and the distillation residue is at 145 ° С. After the contact purification, 65.4 g of the distillate component and 20.9 g of the residual component are obtained.

The quality indicators of the original oil and the products obtained are given in table. one.

Example 2. 100 g of waste engine oil is diluted with 500 g of gasoline. After stirring for 15 minutes at 30 ° C, the mixture is treated with 300 g of dimethylacetamide and 0.3 g of sodium carbonate with stirring. Centrifugation separates the clarified product from contamination. Dimethylacetamide and fuel fractions are removed from the clarified product at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 165-175 ° C. The clarified oil is refined with bleaching clay at 95 ° C and 88.5 g of base metal are obtained, after fractionation of which Distillate and residual oil fractions are obtained.

Indicators of the quality of raw materials and products obtained are given in table. 2

Example 3. Used oil in an amount of 5 kg is diluted with a gasoline fraction of 40-180 ° C in an amount of 50 kg at 20 ° C with stirring. The mixture is treated with 30 kg of dimethylacetamide and 90 g of sodium carbonate. After settling, the clarified oil phase is separated from the contaminants.

Dimethylacetamide and fuel fractions are removed from the clarified product at atmospheric pressure at 165-175 ° C. Distillation and residual fractions are isolated by vacuum distillation of the resulting oil. The distillate fraction is hydrotreated on the A1-Co-Mo catalyst at a pressure of 40 kg / cm 2, a temperature of 270 ° C, and a bulk flow rate of the feed of 1 hour and it is obtained 2.6 kg of the distillate component.

The residual fraction is subjected to hydrocleaning on the A1-Co-Mo catalyst at a pressure of 50 kg / cm, a temperature of 350 ° C, a volumetric feed rate of the raw material of 0.7 h and obtain 1.55 kg of the residual component.

5 Indicators of the quality of raw materials and the products obtained are given in table. 3. Example 4. A used engine oil in an amount of 100 g is mixed with 500 g of diluent gasoline (fractions 40-180 ° C) at 35 ° C and 300 g of dimethylacetamide are added.

 The mixture was settled and the precipitate was removed.

From the clarified oil is separated at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 160-

5 175 ° C dimethylacetamide and fuel fractions. The clarified oil is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a distillate and residual fractions. The last finish purify the bleaching clay. 65.5 g of distillate component and 22.9 g of residual

 component.

The results of purification of waste oil with dimethylacetamide with and without carbonates are given in table. four.

Waste Recovery Information

 oils in a known manner are given in table. five.

Testing the method in the laboratory and on the pilot plant showed that the proposed method allows the recycling of used motor oils to obtain distillate and residual components that are not inferior in quality to fresh oils, with a yield of the target products of 95–97% of the potential oils in raw materials.

5 The resulting oil components have better performance compared with those known by coking ability, acid number and tsebet and increased oil yield (by 6-8%).

Using the proposed method

0 allows you to exclude the processing of the residue from the distillation of propane, which improves the technical and economic performance of the process.

2.74

1.5

3.5

Missing

0.02

0.52

0,004

0,003

96.5 86.0

Indicators

Sfie

Water content, wt.

Fuel content

fractions,%

f) Viscosity at 100 ° C

mm2 / s

Color, units CNT

Ash content,%

Coking ability,%

Acid number,

mgKOH / G

The deposition rate along the height of the extractor, mm / min

Yield of oil fraction May.%:

on dry oil on raw materials

table 2

After contact purification and fractionation

Residual

Distillate component component

2.5

4.0 6 None

Missing

0.02

0.52 0.005

0,007

2.63

95.9 88.6

Water content

The deposition rate along the height of the extractor, mm / min

Yield of oil components, May.%:

on dry oil on raw materials

Oil yield, wt.% On the original

Quality of refined oil:

color, units CNT ash content,% coke,%

1154318

ten

Table

6.5

3.5

4.5

5.0

0,005 Missing- Missing- Missing

1.29

0.04

0.59

Oh, OD

0,006 0,01

95.3 85.2

,four

88.4

five

0,005

0.42 Water content, wt.% Content of fuel fractions,% Viscosity at 100 ° С mm2 / s Black7.5 Color, unit CNT Ash,% 1.90.005 4.05 0.04 Coking,% Acid number, μCon / g The yield of oil components on dry oil, wt.%

Table 5, 05 There is no 0.01 vut, 40 0.07 0.6, 23 0.02 0.02

Claims (2)

1. METHOD FOR REGENERATING WASTE LUBRICANT OIL by diluting it with a gasoline fraction and treating with a chemical agent, followed by removal of contaminants, water and fuel fractions, vacuum distillation of clarified oil and purification of the obtained oil fractions, characterized in that, in order to increase yield, improve quality and simplify of the method, dimethylacetamide or a mixture of it with 0.1-0.3 wt. ° / ₀ sodium or calcium carbonate in a weight to oil ratio (1-6): 1 is used as a chemical agent. 2. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that the used oil is diluted with a gasoline fraction in a mass ratio (1-10): 1. >