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SE543392C2 - Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation - Google Patents

Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation

Info

Publication number
SE543392C2
SE543392C2 SE1930082A SE1930082A SE543392C2 SE 543392 C2 SE543392 C2 SE 543392C2 SE 1930082 A SE1930082 A SE 1930082A SE 1930082 A SE1930082 A SE 1930082A SE 543392 C2 SE543392 C2 SE 543392C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
fatty acids
sensor
outlet
dividing wall
wall column
Prior art date
Application number
SE1930082A
Other versions
SE1930082A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Finnhult
Matias Kangas
Original Assignee
Perstorp Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perstorp Ab filed Critical Perstorp Ab
Priority to SE1930082A priority Critical patent/SE543392C2/en
Priority to PCT/SE2020/050196 priority patent/WO2020185142A1/en
Publication of SE1930082A1 publication Critical patent/SE1930082A1/en
Publication of SE543392C2 publication Critical patent/SE543392C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/141—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column where at least one distillation column contains at least one dividing wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/001—Processes specially adapted for distillation or rectification of fermented solutions
    • B01D3/002—Processes specially adapted for distillation or rectification of fermented solutions by continuous methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
    • B01D3/4211—Regulation; Control of columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
    • B01D3/4211—Regulation; Control of columns
    • B01D3/4255—Head-, side-, bottom- and feed stream
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C51/43—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
    • C07C51/44—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/12—Controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6409—Fatty acids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Use of a flexible, energy efficient method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation. The mix of fatty acids comprises at least three fatty acids selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C2 - C10 fatty acids. The mix of fatty acids, optionally after a pre-separation, is fed into an inlet arrangement (10) of a dividing wall column (1). The dividing wall column (1) is provided with means for controlling temperature and pressure inside said dividing wall column (1). The dividing wall column (1) is further provided with a first outlet arrangement (11) at the top of the dividing wall column (1), a second outlet arrangement (12) at the middle of the dividing wall column (1) and a third outlet arrangement (13) at the bottom of the dividing wall column (1). At least the temperature and the pressure in the dividing wall column (1) is adjusted after analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the mix of fatty acids prior to being fed into the inlet arrangement (10).

Description

USE OF A FLEXIBLE SEPARATION METHOD The present invention refers to the use of a flexible, energy efficient method for separating into tractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION It is well known in the art to separate substances through means of determining their respective boiling points at certain pressures and to then separate them through means of a distillation column. It is however quite a challenge when multiple substances need to be separated from each other and furthermore if the mix of substances is not a constant over time. This is a problem that presents itself when fermenting organic waste into fatty acids. The distribution of acids will vary over time, mostly due to the type of organic waste used in the fermentation process, but also the microbial composition which may vary over time. Fatty acids that can be produced as a mix of acids through fermentation are, C2 - C10 but foremost C2 - C8 fatty acids. These acids can be both straight chain and branched acids, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, iso-butyric acid, pentanoic acid, iso-pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, iso-hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, iso-heptanoic acid, octanoic acid & isooctanoic acid. There is a great need to be able to separate this mix of fatty acids, where the distribution between the fatty acids indeed will vary over time, in a flexible and energy efficient way.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, with reference to accompanying figure, the invention refers to the use of a flexible, energy efficient method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation, said mix of tatty acids comprising at least three fatty acids selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C2 - C10 fatty acids, but foremost C2 - C8 fatty acids. These acids can be both straight chain and branched acids, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, iso-butyric acid, pentanoic acid, iso-pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, iso-hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, iso-heptanoic acid, octanoic acid & iso-octanoic acid. The invention is characterized in that the mix of fatty acids, optionally after a pre-separation where acetic acid and possible water is removed from the stream, is fed into an inlet arrangement (10) of a dividing wall column (1), said dividing wall column (1) being provided with means for controlling temperature and pressure inside said dividing wall column (1). The dividing wall column (1) is further provided with a first outlet arrangement (11) at the top of the dividing wall column (1), a second outlet arrangement (12) at the middle of the dividing wall column (1) and a third outlet arrangement (13) at the bottom of the side wall column (1). At least the temperature and the pressure in the dividing wall column (1) is adjusted after analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the mix of fatty acids prior to being fed into the inlet arrangement (10).
According to one embodiment of the invention, the inlet arrangement (10) comprises at least two inlets arranged at different heights, that the inlets are provided with guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc), the guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc) being selectively opened or closed depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution.
The first and third outlet arrangement (11 and 13 respectively) are suitably each provided with guided outlet valves (11a and 13a respectively), the guided outlet valves (11a and 13a respectively) regulating the flow depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution. The first outlet arrangement (11) may advantageously comprise a reflux drum (11b) with a partial recirculation of the stream.
Image available on "Original document" The second outlet, arrangement (12) suitably comprises at least two outlets arranged at different heights. The outlets are then each provided with guided outlet valves (12a, 12b etc), the guided outlet valves (12a, 12b etc) being selectively opened or closed and/or regulating the flow depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution.
In accordance with an optional embodiment of the invention C2 acid is separated from the mix of fatty acids prior to feeding it into the dividing wall column (1). The C2 acid is then separated from the mix of fatty acids through means of a column 4 having an inlet 4a and an outlet 4b for remaining mix of fatty acids and an outlet 41 for C2 acid and possible water. The column 4 may be of a simpler design which is easy to control. The C2 acid stream may advantageously be fed back to the fermentation equipment. in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention one or more of; the guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc), the guided outlet valves (11a, 12a, 12b etc and 13a respectively), tire temperature in the dividing wall column (1) and the pressure in the dividing wall column (1) are guided by a control device (100).
The control device (100) is suitably provided with input data from at least one sensor (103), said sensor (103) determining the distribution between the different fatty acids in the mix of fatty acids.
According to one embodiment of the invention the control device (100) is advantageously provided with input data from post separation sensors selected from the group consisting of; a first outlet sensor (110), a second outlet sensor (120), a third outlet sensor (130) and a combination thereof that the outlet sensor/s (110, 120, 130 respectively) is used for statistical process guiding by feeding sensory output from the sensor/s (110, 120, and 130 respectively) to the control device (100).
The three resulting streams from the dividing wall column when fed directly or indirectly (i.e. post separation of the C2 acid stream) will indeed themselves contain a mix of acids, albeit a reduced number of acids in each of the three streams. Just as the distribution of acids in the fatty acid mix prior to separation varies, so does the need of purity or actual mix vary at a customer level. Some customers will require, say, a mix of hexanoic, heptanoic and octanoic acid, it will here be possible to adjust the settings of the dividing wall column to obtain such a desired mix of fatty acids from the third outlet arrangement. Another customer may at another time request pure propionic acid, which will be possible to obtain through adjustment of the distillation parameters. The distribution i.e. number of fatty acids from the remaining outlet arrangements will of course be affected by tire deliberate choice.
Accordingly a stream of fatty acids from the first outlet arrangement (11) is fed to a first holding tank (14) provided with a pump (14a) and a control, valve (14b). The fatty acid stream from the second outlet arrangement (12) is fed to a second holding tank (15) provided with a pump (15a) and a control valve (15b) while stream of fatty acids from the a third outlet arrangement (13) is fed to a third holding tank (16) provided with a pump (16a) and a control valve (16b).
The fatty acids in the first, second and third holding tanks (14, 15 and 16 respectively) can then, depending on how the distillation parameters were set in the dividing wail column (1, be distilled further through two alternative routes in accordance to the present invention.
In accordance with a first embodiment the fatty acids in the first holding tank (14) is fed through an inlet 61 to a distillation unit 60 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (62, 63). The fatty acids in the second holding tank (15) is fed through an inlet (71) to distillation unit 70 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (72, 73). The fatty acids in the third holding tank (16) is fed through an inlet (81) to distillation unit 80 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (82, 83). it will of course be possible to utilise one and the same distillation unit (60 or 70 or 80) for separating the fatty acids in the first, second & third holding tanks (14, 15 and 16 respectively) one after the other. The distillation parameters will of course then need to be adjusted in accordance with the content in the holding tank and the desired separation.
In cases as described earlier, where distillation parameters in the dividing wall column (1) were set so that any of the three streams from the first, second or third outlet arrangement (11, 12 and 13 respectively) is constituted by only one fatty acid with acceptable purity, a further distillation will not be necessary for this fraction. Also in case were a certain mix of fatty acids is desired, further distillation can be omitted.
According to a second embodiment the dividing wall column (1) can due to its flexible design be used to further separate the fatty acids. Accordingly the fatty acids in the first, second and third holding tanks (14, 15 and 16 respectively) are one by one fed to a secondary holding tank (5) provided with a pump (51) and a control valve (51a) wherein the dividing wall column (1) is used for a second separation of fatty acids.
The holding tank (5) is preferably provided with a holding tank sensor (103), the holding tank sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
The sensory inputs from the sensors selected from the group consisting of; tank sensor (103), input sensor (103), holding tank sensor (103), a first outlet sensor (110), a second outlet sensor (120), a third outlet sensor (130), at least one distillation temperature sensor 1, 1etc, at least one distillation pressure sensor 1 and a combination thereof, is fed to the control device (100) for statistical process guiding. The control device (100), to be understood as a PLC, a computer or a similar programmable device, is intended to guide primarily the distillation process parameters such as temperature and pressure, but also inlet valves and outlet valves in order to provide an energy efficient separation of the mix of fatty acids, adapted to current mix and current desire of separation. Statistical process guiding is to be understood as a learning guiding system where guiding input is compared to actual output results and that the guiding system is gradually adjusting distillation parameters and possibly valve settings in accordance with pre set algorithms in order to obtain the best possible results. Also here the actual distribution of fatty acids in the fatty acid mix fed into the dividing wall column is an important input affecting the end result.
The mix of tatty acids from the fermentation is suitably fed through an inlet (31) to a primary holding tank (3) provided with a pump (32) and a control valve (32a).
The primary holding tank (3) is suitably provided with a tank sensor ( 103), the tank sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention a pipeline between the primary holding tank (3) and the inlet (31) is provided with an input sensor ( 103), the input sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
The pressure in the dividing wall column is suitably below 50 kPa, preferably in the range 10 - 30 kPa.

Claims (17)

1. acids resulting from fermentation, said mix of fatty acids comprising at least three fatty acids selected from the group consisting of straight-chain or branched C2-C10 fatty acids, wherein; the mix of fatty acids, optionally after a pre-separation, is fed into an inlet arrangement (10) of a dividing wall column (1), said dividing wall column (1) being provided with means for controlling temperature and pressure inside said dividing wall column (1), the dividing wall column (1) being provided with a first outlet arrangement (11) at the top of the dividing wall column (1). a second outlet arrangement (12) at the middle of the dividing wall column (1) and a third outlet arrangement (13) at the bottom of the dividing wall column (1), that at least the temperature and the pressure in the dividing wall column (1) is adjusted after analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the mix of fatty acids prior to being fed into the inlet arrangement (10).
2. Use according to claim 1 wherein the inlet arrangement (10) comprises at least two inlets arranged at different heights, that the inlets are provided with guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc), the guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc) being selectively opened or dosed depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution.
3. Use according to claim 1 wherein the first and third outlet arrangement (11 and 13 respectively) are each provided with guided outlet valves (11a and 13a respectively), the guided outlet valves (11a and 13a respectively) regulating the flow depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution.
4. Use according to claim 1 wherein the second outlet arrangement (12) comprises at least two outlets arranged at different heights, that the outlets are each provided with guided outlet valves (12a, 12b etc), the guided outlet valves (12a, 12b etc) being selectively opened or closed and/or regulating the flow depending of the result of the analysis of the fatty acid distribution.
5. Use according to claim 1 wherein the C2 acid is separated from the mix of fatty acids prior to feeding it into the dividing wall column (1), that the C2 acid is separated from the mix of fatty acids through means of a column 4 having an inlet 4a and an outlet 4b for remaining mix of fatty acids and an outlet 41 for C2 acid and possible water.
6. Use according to any of claims 1 - 4 wherein one or more of; the guided inlet valves (10a, 10b etc), the guided outlet valves (11a, 12a, 12b etc and 13a respectively), the temperature in the dividing wall column (1) and the pressure in the dividing wall column (1) are guided by a control device (100).
7. Use according to claim 6, wherein the control device (100) is provided with input data from at least one sensor (103), said sensor (103) determining the distribution between the different fatty acids in the mix of fatty acids.
8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the control device (100) is provided with input data from post separation sensors selected from the group consisting of; a first outlet sensor (110), a second outlet sensor (120), a third outlet sensor (130) and a combination thereof, that the outlet sensor/s (110, 120, 130 respectively) is used for statistical process guiding by feeding sensory output from the sensor/s (110, 120, and 130 respectively) to the control device (100).
9. Use according to any of claims 1 - 4 wherein a stream of fatty acids from the first outlet arrangement (11) is fed to a first holding tank (14) provided with a pump (14a) and a control valve (14b) while a fatty acid stream from the second outlet arrangement (12) is fed to a second holding tank (15) provided with a pump (15a) and a control valve (15b) while stream of fatty acids from the a third outlet arrangement (13) is fed to a third holding tank (16) provided with a pump (16a) and a control valve (16b).
10. Use according to claim 1 wherein the mix of fatty acids from the fermentation is fed through an inlet (31) to a primary holding tank (3) provided with a pump (32) and a control valve (32a).
11. Use according to claim 10 wherein the primary holding tank (3) is provided with a tank sensor (103), the tank sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
12. Use according to claim 10 wherein a pipeline between the primary holding tank (3) and the inlet (31) is provided with an input sensor (103), the input sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
13. Use according to claim 9 wherein the fatty acids in the first holding tank; (14) is fed through an inlet 61 to a distillation unit 60 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (62, 63) while the fatty acids In the second holding tank (15) is fed through an inlet (71) to distillation unit 70 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (72. 73), while the fatty acids in the third holding tank (16) is fed through an inlet (81) to distillation unit 80 where the fatty acids can be separated through one or more outlets (82, 83).
14. Use according to claim 9 wherein the fatty acids in the first, second and third holding tanks (14, 15 and 16 respectively) are one by one fed to a secondary holding tank (5) provided with a pump (51) and a control valve (51a) wherein the dividing wall column (1) is used for a second separation of fatty acids.
15. Use according to claim 14 wherein the holding tank (5) is provided with a holding tank sensor (103), the holding tank sensor (103) providing data input to the control device (100) guiding the distillation process.
16. Use according to any of the preceding claims wherein the sensory inputs from the sensors selected from the group consisting of; tank sensor (103), input sensor (103), holding tank sensor (103), a first outlet sensor (110), a second outlet sensor (120), a third outlet sensor (130), at least one distillation temperature sensor 1, 1etc, at least one distillation pressure sensor 1 and a combination thereof, is fed to the control device (100) for statistical process guiding.
17. Use according to claim 1 wherein the pressure in the dividing wall column is below 50 kPa, preferably in the range 10 - 30 kPa.
SE1930082A 2019-03-08 2019-03-08 Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation SE543392C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1930082A SE543392C2 (en) 2019-03-08 2019-03-08 Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation
PCT/SE2020/050196 WO2020185142A1 (en) 2019-03-08 2020-02-20 Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1930082A SE543392C2 (en) 2019-03-08 2019-03-08 Use of a separation method for separating into fractions a mix of fatty acids resulting from fermentation

Publications (2)

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SE1930082A1 SE1930082A1 (en) 2020-09-09
SE543392C2 true SE543392C2 (en) 2020-12-29

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EP4212226A1 (en) * 2022-01-17 2023-07-19 Sulzer Management AG Plant and process for fractionating fatty acid mixtures

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US20180045497A1 (en) * 2016-08-11 2018-02-15 The Boeing Company System for visual obscuration of an object and dissipating energy of a laser weapon

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4212226A1 (en) * 2022-01-17 2023-07-19 Sulzer Management AG Plant and process for fractionating fatty acid mixtures
WO2023135304A1 (en) * 2022-01-17 2023-07-20 Sulzer Management Ag Plant and process for fractionating fatty acid mixtures

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WO2020185142A1 (en) 2020-09-17

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