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SE535821C2 - Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank - Google Patents

Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank Download PDF

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Publication number
SE535821C2
SE535821C2 SE1100523A SE1100523A SE535821C2 SE 535821 C2 SE535821 C2 SE 535821C2 SE 1100523 A SE1100523 A SE 1100523A SE 1100523 A SE1100523 A SE 1100523A SE 535821 C2 SE535821 C2 SE 535821C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
pair
tools
temperature
product
sheet metal
Prior art date
Application number
SE1100523A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE1100523A1 (en
Inventor
Katarina Eriksson
Jan Larsson
Original Assignee
Gestamp Hardtech Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gestamp Hardtech Ab filed Critical Gestamp Hardtech Ab
Priority to SE1100523A priority Critical patent/SE535821C2/en
Priority to US13/261,782 priority patent/US20150090378A1/en
Priority to CN201280027136.0A priority patent/CN103582707A/en
Priority to PCT/SE2012/000104 priority patent/WO2013006108A1/en
Priority to EP12808151.0A priority patent/EP2729587A4/en
Priority to KR1020147003040A priority patent/KR20140051934A/en
Priority to JP2014518485A priority patent/JP2014524979A/en
Publication of SE1100523A1 publication Critical patent/SE1100523A1/en
Publication of SE535821C2 publication Critical patent/SE535821C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Description

535 821 2 bildas. Man kan välja tider och temperaturer för martensitbildning och bainitbildning så att materialet kommer att innehålla mer än 50 vol% bainit. Formnlngen och snabbkylningen tar ett fåtal sekunder medan varmhållningen tar ett antal minuter. Varmhållningstiden kan utnyttjas för efterbearbetning, exv kantklippning. 535 821 2 is formed. You can choose times and temperatures for martensite formation and bainite formation so that the material will contain more than 50 vol% bainite. The formation and rapid cooling takes a few seconds while the keeping warm takes a number of minutes. The warm-up time can be used for post-processing, eg edge trimming.

Kort beskrivning av ritningarna Figur 1 är ett tid-temperatur diagram över ett exempel på en process enligt uppfinningen.Brief description of the drawings Figure 1 is a time-temperature diagram of an example of a process according to the invention.

Figur 2 är ett blockschema som visar processen.Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the process.

Detaljbeskrivning av uppfinningen Figur 2 visar ett blockdiagram med en austenitiseringsfas i en ugn 11, en formningsfas i ett kylt forrnningsverktyg 12, och en eftervärmningsfas ien ugn 13.Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 2 shows a block diagram with an austenitizing phase in an oven 11, a forming phase in a cooled forming tool 12, and a reheating phase in an oven 13.

Temperaturkurvan ifigur 1 för exemplet på en process enligt uppfinningen visar en första del 20 som är upphettning i ugn av ett ämne till austenitområdet. Förflyttningen av ämnet till ett kylt formningspar (kurvdelen 21 itemperaturkurvan) tar normalt 5-10 sekunder och medför en liten temperaturminskning. Forrnningen i det kylda verktygsparet tar i storleksordningen en eller någon sekund, men produkten får ligga kvar till dess den snabbkylts till något under Ms (temperaturen för start av martensitbildning).The temperature curve in Figure 1 for the example of a process according to the invention shows a first part which is oven heating of a substance to the austenite area. The transfer of the blank to a cooled forming pair (curve part 21 in the temperature curve) normally takes 5-10 seconds and results in a slight decrease in temperature. The formation in the cooled pair of tools takes on the order of one or a few seconds, but the product may remain until it is rapidly cooled to slightly below Ms (the temperature for starting martensite formation).

Martensitbildningen är momentan och beroende av temperaturen, men är inte tidsberoende. Denna kylning utförs således med verktygsparet som fixtur. Formnlngen och snabbkylningen har betecknats 22. Produkten tas snabbt ut ur verktygsparet och den påbörjade martensitbildningen generar värme och medför en temperaturhöjning 23 som kan nâ upp över Ms. Man kan använda tillsatsvärme, exv induktionsvärme eller strålningsvärme för att snabbt få upp temperaturen över Ms. Produkten förflyttas sedan till en ugn där produkten hålls vid någorlunda jämn temperatur något över Ms i ett antal minuter som representeras av kurvdelen 24. Därefter får produkten svalna i luft, vilket representeras av streckade kurvdelen 25 eller påskyndas som representeras av kurvdelen 26.Martensite formation is instantaneous and temperature dependent, but not time dependent. This cooling is thus performed with the tool pair as a tool. The shape and rapid cooling have been designated 22. The product is quickly taken out of the tool pair and the started martensite formation generates heat and causes a temperature rise 23 which can reach above Ms. You can use additional heat, eg induction heat or radiant heat to quickly raise the temperature above Ms. The product is then moved to an oven where the product is kept at a reasonably even temperature slightly above Ms for a number of minutes represented by the curve part 24. Thereafter the product is allowed to cool in air, which is represented by the dashed curve part 25 or accelerated as represented by the curve part 26.

Den begynnande martensitbildningen gynnar bainitbildning och man förkortar varrnhállningstiden för bainitbildning, vanligen till under en halvtimme eller under 10 minuter eller till och med under 1 minut. Detta är en förutsättning för att processen ska vara ekonomisk. Genom att välja hur mycket man sänker temperaturen under Ms kan man 535 821 3 förutbestämma mängden martensit. Bainitbildningstemperaturen kan få variera något tiotal grader och man kan därför använda vannhållningstiden för eflerbearbetning, exv kantklippning; något som är fördelaktigt att utföra innan materialet nått sin fulla hårdhet eftersom detta minskar verktygsslitaget och även minskar risken för sprickanvisning och därav följande sprickbildning vid användningen av produkten. Efterbearbetningen kan också integreras i formverktyget och ingå i kurvdelen 22, dvs utföras innan eller under martensitbildningen.The incipient martensite formation promotes bainite formation and the shelf life of bainite formation is shortened, usually to less than half an hour or to 10 minutes or even less than 1 minute. This is a prerequisite for the process to be economical. By choosing how much you lower the temperature below Ms, you can 535 821 3 predetermine the amount of martensite. The bainite formation temperature may vary by a few tens of degrees and it is therefore possible to use the water holding time for further processing, eg edge trimming; which is advantageous to perform before the material has reached its full hardness as this reduces tool wear and also reduces the risk of cracking and consequent cracking when using the product. The finishing can also be integrated in the mold and included in the curve part 22, ie carried out before or during the martensite formation.

I en modifierad process kan man i ett första verktygspar forma och kyla ned till strax över Ms och sedan förflytta den formade produkten till ett andra verktygspar som utgör fixtur och kyler produkten till något under Ms. Detta andra verktygspar kan samtidigt utföra efterbearbetningen, exv kantklippning, innan produkten förflyttas till varmhållningsugnen.In a modified process, in a first pair of tools, one can shape and cool down to just above Ms and then move the shaped product to a second pair of tools that form a fixture and cool the product to slightly below Ms. This second pair of tools can simultaneously carry out the post-processing, eg edge trimming, before the product is moved to the heating oven.

Alternativt kan efterbearbetningen integreras i första verktygsparet. De två verktygs paren kan arbeta simultant och cykeltiden förkortas därrned.Alternatively, the finishing can be integrated in the first pair of tools. The two tool pairs can work simultaneously and the cycle time is shortened down there.

Vid konventionell presshärdning används borstàl, dvs ett kol-manganstàl med bor, som fullhärdas till martensit. Vid en process enligt uppfinningen kan man lämpligen använda ett kol-kisel-manganstål. Stàlet kan ha kolhalt pà 0,2-0,3 vikt%. en manganhalt på 1-2 vikt% och en kiselhalt på 1-2 vikt%. Därutöver krom och andra vanliga legeringsämnen i en totalhalt mindre än 1 vikt%. Kisel förhindrar utskiljning av cementit och ger önskad mikrostruktur.Conventional die hardening uses boron steel, ie a carbon-manganese steel with boron, which is fully hardened to martensite. In a process according to the invention, it is convenient to use a carbon-silicon-manganese steel. The steel can have a carbon content of 0.2-0.3% by weight. a manganese content of 1-2% by weight and a silicon content of 1-2% by weight. In addition, chromium and other common alloying elements in a total content less than 1% by weight. Silicon prevents the precipitation of cementite and provides the desired microstructure.

Claims (7)

535 821 Patentkrav535,821 Patent claims 1. Sätt att varmforrna och härda ett tunnplåtsämne genom att forma det till austenitområdet värmda ämnet i ett verktygspar som snabbkyler den formade produkten, kännetecknat av att den formade produkten kyls till dess produktens temperatur understiger temperaturen för start av martensitbildning, Ms, och att produktens temperatur sedan höjs till att överstiga temperaturen för start av martensitbildning och varmhàlls där så att bainit bildas.A method of thermoforming and curing a sheet metal blank by molding the blank heated to the austenite area in a pair of tools which rapidly cools the molded product, characterized in that the molded product is cooled to a temperature below the temperature for starting martensite formation, Ms, and that the product temperature then raised to exceed the temperature for starting martensite formation and kept warm there so that bainite is formed. 2. Sätt enligt patentkrav 1, kännefaecknat av att man varmhåller under en tid av 1- 20 minuter.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is kept warm for a period of 1 to 20 minutes. 3. Sätt enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, kännetecknat av att man väljer temperaturer så att materialet kommer att innehålla mer än 50 vol% bainit.Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that temperatures are chosen so that the material will contain more than 50% by volume of bainite. 4. Sätt enligt något av patentkraven 1-3, kännetecknat av att man efterbearbetar den formade produkten direkt i verktygsparet.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shaped product is post-processed directly in the tool pair. 5. Sätt enligt något av föregående patentkrav, kännetecknat av att man kyler och formar i ett första verktygspar ner till en temperatur överstigande Ms och sedan förflyttar det formade ämnet till ett andra verktygspar och kyler vidare till temperaturen understigande Ms med detta verktygspar som fixtur.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one cools and shapes in a first pair of tools down to a temperature exceeding Ms and then moves the shaped blank to a second pair of tools and cools further to the temperature below Ms with this pair of tools as xt xtur. 6. Sätt enligt patentkrav 5, kännetecknat av att man efterbearbetar den formade produkten i det första verktygsparet.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the shaped product is finished in the first pair of tools. 7. Sätt enligt patentkrav 5, kännetecknat av att man efterbearbetar den formade produkten i det andra verktygsparet.A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the shaped product is post-processed in the second pair of tools.
SE1100523A 2011-07-06 2011-07-06 Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank SE535821C2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1100523A SE535821C2 (en) 2011-07-06 2011-07-06 Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank
US13/261,782 US20150090378A1 (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 Method of hot-shaping and hardening a sheet steel blank
CN201280027136.0A CN103582707A (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 A method of hot-shaping and hardening a sheet steel blank
PCT/SE2012/000104 WO2013006108A1 (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 A method of hot-shaping and hardening a sheet steel blank
EP12808151.0A EP2729587A4 (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 A method of hot-shaping and hardening a sheet steel blank
KR1020147003040A KR20140051934A (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 A method of hot shaping and hardening a sheet steel blank
JP2014518485A JP2014524979A (en) 2011-07-06 2012-07-04 Method of thermoforming and quenching steel sheet blanks

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1100523A SE535821C2 (en) 2011-07-06 2011-07-06 Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE1100523A1 SE1100523A1 (en) 2013-01-02
SE535821C2 true SE535821C2 (en) 2013-01-02

Family

ID=47436353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE1100523A SE535821C2 (en) 2011-07-06 2011-07-06 Ways to heat mold and harden a sheet metal blank

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20150090378A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2729587A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2014524979A (en)
KR (1) KR20140051934A (en)
CN (1) CN103582707A (en)
SE (1) SE535821C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013006108A1 (en)

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EP3327152B1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2023-10-11 Tata Steel UK Limited Method for hot-forming a steel blank
EP3548641B1 (en) 2016-11-29 2020-08-26 Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. Method for manufacturing a hot-formed article, and obtained article
EP3604085B1 (en) 2017-03-24 2021-04-21 Nippon Steel Corporation Hat member and manufacturing method therefor
US11283395B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2022-03-22 Nextracker Inc. Multiple actuator system for solar tracker
US11387771B2 (en) 2018-06-07 2022-07-12 Nextracker Llc Helical actuator system for solar tracker
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE1100523A1 (en) 2013-01-02
US20150090378A1 (en) 2015-04-02
JP2014524979A (en) 2014-09-25
WO2013006108A1 (en) 2013-01-10
CN103582707A (en) 2014-02-12
EP2729587A1 (en) 2014-05-14
KR20140051934A (en) 2014-05-02
EP2729587A4 (en) 2015-03-18

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