RU2828499C1 - Wheeled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport machine building.

SUBSTANCE: wheeled vehicle comprises a bearing frame with a motor-transmission unit, an internal combustion engine, a clutch, a variator, a reverse reduction gear with a built-in differential, drive wheels, differential semi-axles, drive wheels semi-axles, front support bogie with driven caster wheels coupled with bearing frame by means of horizontal hinge, and driver seat. Variator is made in the form of two friction rollers, which are kinematically connected to each other by a control roller in the form of an ellipsoid of rotation with the possibility of its inclination in the vertical plane relative to the horizontal axis by means of the turn control lever. Semi-axles of differential are kinematically connected simultaneously with half-axles of drive wheels and with friction rollers of variator closing differential. Turn control lever is integrated with throttle control button, brake handle, light and turn indicator switches.

EFFECT: increased mobility and simplified design of vehicle control system.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, namely to self-propelled wheeled vehicles with increased maneuverability.

There is a vehicle with super maneuverability and super cross-country ability (RU 2512055 C2. 17.07.2012), consisting of an engine, cabin, frame, drive axles and propellers. Each propeller consists of four wheels with a drive on cardan suspensions, located at the ends of radial brackets, which are driven by a planetary gear.

The disadvantage of this design is its excessive complexity. This disadvantage is partially eliminated in the transport robot (RU 219584 U1. 02.06.2023), adopted as a prototype and containing a base resting on a set of self-aligning driven and driving wheels equipped with an autonomous drive, the base is divided into two parts connected to each other by means of a horizontal hinge, the first of which rests only on the driven wheels, and the second on the driving wheels.

The disadvantages of this transport robot are limited mobility and complexity of design due to the presence of two autonomous electric drives, as well as the complexity of the control system when implementing this scheme with an internal combustion engine drive to expand the possibilities of application.

The aim of the proposed invention is to increase mobility and simplify the design of the vehicle control system.

The said objective is achieved by the fact that the wheeled vehicle comprises a supporting frame with a motor-transmission unit, including an internal combustion engine, an automatic clutch and a variator, as well as a reverse gear with a built-in differential, which is kinematically connected to the variator, a front support bogie with driven self-aligning wheels, connected to the supporting frame by means of a horizontal hinge and a driver's seat. The novelty of the proposed vehicle is that:

- the differential axle shafts are kinematically connected simultaneously with the drive wheels and with the friction rollers of the closing differential of the control variator;

- the control variator is made in the form of two friction rollers, kinematically connected to each other by a control roller in the form of an ellipsoid of rotation with the possibility of its tilting in a vertical plane relative to the horizontal axis using the steering control lever. In this case, the steering control lever is combined with the throttle control button, brake handle, light switches and turn signals.

The structure of the wheeled vehicle is explained by drawings, where Fig. 1 is a general view, side view. Fig. 2 is a section along the steering control lever, variator and rear drive axle. Fig. 3 is a top view of the control lever.

The wheeled vehicle comprises a supporting frame 1 with a motor-transmission unit mounted thereon, consisting of an engine 2 from a motor scooter, including an automatic clutch and a variator, a reverse gear reducer of the main transmission 3 from the Muravei motor scooter, and half-shafts 4 with driving wheels 5. The half-shafts 4 are kinematically connected to the half-shafts of the differential of the reverse gear reducer 3 via elastic coupling couplings 6. A drive sprocket 7 with a built-in brake drum of the service brake is rigidly fixed to the output shaft of the engine. Disc brake mechanisms 8 of the auxiliary parking brake are mounted on the half-shafts of the driving wheels. In turn, additional sprockets 9 are mounted on the half-shafts of the differential of the reverse gear reducer of the main transmission 3, kinematically connected by means of chain drives 10 with friction rollers 11.

The gear ratios of the chain drives and the diameters of the friction rollers on the right and left sides are the same.

The right and left friction rollers 11 are kinematically connected with the elliptical shaped rocking adjusting roller 12. Thus, the adjusting friction variator, closing the differential of the main transmission, is structurally implemented. The roller 12 is mounted in the rocking cage 13, made as a single whole with the lever 14 for controlling the differential of the drive axle and, as a consequence, the turning of the vehicle.

On the lever 14, a button 15 for controlling the gas, a handle 16 for the service brake, switches 17 for the direction indicators and a light switch 18 are mounted.

In addition to the main controls, there is a handle 19 for starting the engine, a fuel tank 20, and a lever for engaging the reverse and parking brake (not shown).

The front end of the supporting frame 1 is kinematically connected by means of a horizontal hinge 21 to the front support bogie 22, which contains driven self-aligning wheels 23.

The vehicle is equipped with a sprung seat 24, a luggage rack 25, footrests, fenders and a hood 26.

The combination of all the above technical solutions allows for the implementation of the super-maneuverable qualities of a wheeled vehicle with one-handed control.

At the same time, due to the connection of the differential axle half-shafts to the control variator, uncontrolled slippage of the drive wheels is eliminated, which increases cross-country ability.

This wheeled vehicle, thanks to its one-handed control, can be useful for disabled people and can also be used as a sports equipment for drifting, depending on the speed of movement.

A wheeled vehicle works as follows.

After starting and warming up the engine, the driver takes his place in the chair. In this case, the control lever is in the vertical position. Then the auxiliary parking brake is released and the "gas" button on the turn control lever is pressed. In this case, the automatic clutch is activated and the vehicle begins to move straight. As the engine speed increases, the gear ratio of the engine variator automatically changes and the speed increases. To make a turn, the driver reduces the speed by releasing the "gas" button and moves the lever sideways in the direction of the turn.

Due to the design feature of the control variator, with the lever in a vertical position d1=d2 (see Fig. 2) and the gear ratio of the differential control of the main transmission is the same. In this case, the right and left drive wheels are forced to rotate at the same speed.

When the lever is deflected to the right or left, the contact diameters of the control roller with the friction rollers d1 and d2 differ the more, the greater the deflection angle of the lever. In this case, the gear ratios of the differential control of the main gear on the right and left are different, and the wheels are forced to rotate at different speeds, turning the vehicle.

To stop, the engine speed is reduced to idle. At the same time, the engine and transmission are automatically disconnected, after which the driver presses the brake handle located on the steering control lever, and the service brake on the engine drive sprocket is braked. This causes a stop without changing the vehicle's trajectory.

To turn on the turn signals, the driver turns the control handle to the right or left with his hand, and the flag (see Fig. 3) turns on the right or left switch, respectively.

A motorcycle-type switch located on the main control lever is used to turn on the lights and sound the horn.

The ability to control this vehicle with just one hand, combined with super-maneuverability, makes it indispensable for autonomous movement of disabled people.

Claims (2)

1. A wheeled vehicle comprising a supporting frame with a motor-transmission unit including an internal combustion engine, an automatic clutch and a variator, as well as a reverse gear with a built-in differential and drive wheels, differential half-shafts, drive wheel half-shafts, a front support bogie with driven self-aligning wheels, connected to the supporting frame by means of a horizontal hinge, and a driver's seat, wherein the variator is made in the form of two friction rollers kinematically connected to each other by an adjusting roller in the form of an ellipsoid of rotation with the possibility of its tilting in a vertical plane relative to a horizontal axis using a steering control lever, and the differential half-shafts are kinematically connected simultaneously with the drive wheel half-shafts and with the friction rollers of the variator closing the differential. 2. A vehicle according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the turn control lever is combined with a throttle control button, a brake handle, light switches and turn signals.