RU2821037C1 - Method and device (versions) of improved synchronization and structure of physical broadcast channel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: communication equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication methods which implement improved synchronization and structure of a physical broadcast channel, specifically a synchronization signal (SS) unit/physical broadcast channel (PBCH). According to the SS/PBCH transmission method implemented by TRP, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) is generated on a first group of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and generating a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS) on a second group of OFDM symbols. SS/PBCH containing PSS, PBCH and DMRS are transmitted over the downlink to enable the receiving side of said SS/PBCH to detect a physical cell identifier.

EFFECT: possibility of more flexible configuration of a communication network, more flexible configuration of a transmit-receive point (TRP) and UE, high reliability of a channel between TRP and UE.

24 cl, 16 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

Field of technology

[0001] The present invention relates to communication methods implementing improved timing and physical broadcast channel structure, namely a synchronization signal (SS) block/physical broadcast channel (PBCH).

State of the art

[0002] The initial access (IA) procedure allows user equipment (UE) to establish communication with the network. To facilitate IA, the Transmission Point (TRP) periodically broadcasts SS/PBCH blocks to obtain the following basic information: Physical Cell Identifier (Cell ID), System Frame Number (SFN), System Information (SI) , cell measurements (for example, the received reference signal power level (RSRP)). To obtain a physical ID cells, the UE must detect PSS and SSS. The flow diagram of the IA procedure applied in the fifth generation system supporting the new radio interface (5G NR) is illustrated in FIG. 1 .

[0003] The SS/PBCH supports one port and consists of a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal ( SSS ), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) PBCH (also referred to herein as “PBCH DMRS” for brevity). "). The structure of the SS/PBCH block used in the 5G NR system is illustrated in FIG. 5 . The modulating PSS sequence is a sequence of maximum length (M-sequence, typically 3 sequences, cyclically shifted by 0, 43 or 86 elements) and is used to detect the second component physical identifier cells and rough estimates of time-frequency shifts. The SSS modulating sequence is a Gold sequence and is used to detect the first component physical identifier cells and accurate estimation of time-frequency shifts. PBCH is used to transmit information such as MIB, SFN. The PBCH typically uses polar coding, four-way phase shift keying (QPSK), uniform DMRS with a transmit frequency comb of 4 (TC=4).

Problems existing in the state of the art that require solutions

[0004] Considering at least that for sixth generation (6G) communications it is planned to widely use extreme massive MIMO (spatial signal coding supporting extremely massive antenna arrays; referred to as “extreme massive MIMO” or “xMIMO” ) available in 5G The NR structure of the PBCH may not be optimized enough to support a 6G system because the PBCH for a 6G system must support a larger payload size to allow more flexible system operation, such as a more flexible configuration to realize the benefits of xMIMO. In addition, the formation of DMRS for SS/PBCH blocks used in 5G NR depends on the component physical identifier , detected thanks to SSS, without the mentioned SSS (and, accordingly, components ) exact physical identifier You can't get cell phones. In other words, in 5G NR, processing only PBCH DMRS will not detect the physical ID honeycombs, because this requires SSS. It should be clear that in 5G NR, transmitting SSS itself along with DMRS in SS/PBCH blocks increases the overhead. Based on the above, there is a need in the art for an improved 6G PBCH structure with higher throughput and reliability.

[0005] The new 6G SS/PBCH structure should be created with one or more (or all) of the following design goals: common/similar SS/PBBCH structure for different bands, multi-layer structure to provide coarse and fine estimation of time-frequency offsets, narrow band frequencies to ensure detection and search of low-complexity cells, support for multiple SS/PBCH blocks to rearrange the transmitting antenna pattern, avoid conflicts with 5G NR (refarming, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS)), low cross-correlation with SS blocks used in 5G NR /PBCH (refarming, DSS), low overhead, low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) / low cubic metric (CM).

The essence of the invention

[0006] The present invention solves one or more (or all) of the above problems/objectives thanks to the following technical solution, which, when implemented according to the present disclosure, will achieve one or more of the technical effects indicated below. The information below and the non-limiting examples provided should not be interpreted in a limiting sense. Instead, the following information, detailed description of the proposed technical solution and the effects achieved by it are intended to ensure that this disclosure is sufficient to assist in the practice of the present invention. Other possible modifications, substitutions, etc., will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following description. as part of the proposed technical solution, which may not be explicitly indicated here. But such modifications and replacements are intended to fall within the scope of protection (including equivalents) as defined by the appended claims.

[0007] This application proposes a number of technical solutions, namely, a TRP-implemented SS/PBCH transmission method according to the first aspect; a corresponding device implementing the method according to the first aspect, namely TRP according to the second aspect; a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions causing the device to function as a TRP according to the second aspect, according to the third aspect; an SS/PBCH receiving method implemented by the UE according to the fourth aspect; a corresponding device implementing the method according to the fourth aspect, namely the UE according to the fifth aspect; a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions causing the device to function as a UE according to the fifth aspect, according to the sixth aspect; and a communication system according to a seventh aspect, which comprises one or more TRPs according to a second aspect and one or more UEs according to a fifth aspect communicating with each other.

[0008] The present invention also provides a TRP-implemented method of communicating with a UE, which may be similar to the SS/PBCH transmission method of the first aspect or use this method as part of the processing being performed. In addition, the present invention provides a UE-implemented TRP communication method that may be similar to the SS/PBCH receiving method of the fourth aspect or use this method as part of the processing performed. Both the TRP-UE communication method and the UE-TRP communication method may occur, but without limitation, at the time the UE initially accesses the network/TRP, at the time the UE accesses the network/TRP during handover, at the time the UE accesses the network /TRP when reconfiguring communication, at the time the UE accesses the network /TRP when restoring communication after a fault.

[0009] All technical solutions proposed in this application propose to use an SS/PBCH structure containing only PSS and PBCH DMRS and not containing SSS. More specifically, in each of the embodiments of the SS/PBCH structure proposed herein illustrated in FIG. 6a , 6b , 9a , 9b , 9c , in the PBCH region (large vertical rectangle) there is no SSS transmission shown in FIG. 5 in the center of the mentioned PBCH region, occupying 127 subcarriers and limited by a guard frequency interval of 8 subcarriers on each side. Instead of SSS, the proposed SS/PBCH structure proposes to increase the number of DMRS PBCH subcarriers by freeing up resources normally used for SSS transmission. This application further provides improved methods for generating DMRS PBCHs and mapping DMRS PBCHs to time-frequency resources such that at least a portion of the DMRS PBCH can be configured to detect a first component physical identifier cells and accurately estimate time-frequency offsets (ie, take over a function that was traditionally performed by SSS).

[0010] According to the technical solutions proposed here, the DMRS resource elements in the PBCH may depend on the physical cell ID information and are located in the PBCH with an appropriate frequency and/or time offset. In addition, according to the present invention, the DMRS PBCH can transmit full physical cell ID information. In addition, according to the present invention, the PBCH and DMRS can support a second antenna port depending on the frequency band, and the PBCH can transmit SI and remaining cell ID information. A quantitative assessment of the resource utilization of the present invention in comparison with the prior art is shown in the following Table 1.

[0011]

Table 1 : Quantitative assessment of the resource use of the present invention in comparison with the state of the art Number of resource elements (RE) for cell ID discovery Number of resource elements (RE) for PBCH for MIB State of the art 127 (SSS) 432 The present invention (according to the SS/PBCH block embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6a) 180 (DMRS)
(41% more) 540
(25% more)

[0012] Thus, the present invention increases the probability of detecting a physical cell ID, provides higher reliability/capacity channel (PBCH), thereby making the operation of the communication system and the configuration capabilities of the communication system more flexible.

[0013] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a TRP-implemented method for generating and transmitting an SS/PBCH (UE communication method), the method including the steps of: generating PSS S100 on a first group of OFDM symbols, and generating S105 PBCH and DMRS on the second group of OFDM symbols, and transmit S110 on the downlink SS/PBCH containing PSS, PBCH and DMRS enabling the receiving side of said SS/PBCH to discover the identifier physical cell.

[0014] In a possible development of the first aspect, PBCH and DMRS are transmitted using two antenna ports.

[0015] In a possible development of the first aspect, DMRS transmitted from two antenna ports uses: different frequency and/or time resources; or identical frequency and/or time resources, but orthogonal sequences.

[0016] In a possible development of the first aspect, the orthogonal sequences are obtained from a DFT matrix or from a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix.

[0017] In a possible development of the first aspect of DMRS, the second group of OFDM symbols are transmitted on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers.

[0018] In a possible development of the first aspect, the choice of subcarriers used for DMRS depends on the identifier physical cell.

[0019] In a possible development of the first aspect, the DMRS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells, or DMRS modulating sequences and PSS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells

[0020] In a possible development of the first aspect, the encoded bits of information transmitted in the PBCH are obtained by noise-resilient (channel) encoding at an encoding rate lower than the encoding rate of PBCH transmission using a single antenna port.

[0021] In a possible development of the first aspect, the coded bits of information transmitted in the PBCH for the second port are obtained by repeating the coded bits of information transmitted in the PBCH for the first antenna port and applying to them a scrambling sequence different from the scrambling sequence used for the first antenna port.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a TRP 300 comprising a transceiver antenna unit 305 and a processor 310 configured to implement the method of the first aspect or any development of the first aspect.

[0023] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device equipped with a transceiver antenna unit, perform the method of the first aspect or any development of the first aspect.

[0024] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a UE-implemented SS/PBCH receiving method (TRP communication method), the method including the steps of: receiving S200 PSS on a first group of OFDM symbols, and receiving S205 PBCH and DMRS on the second group of OFDM symbols, detect S210 identifier physical cell based on the received SS/PBCH comprising PSS, PBCH and DMRS, and perform uplink transmission S215 based at least in part on the detected identifier physical cell.

[0025] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, PBCH and DMRS are received using at least one of two antenna ports.

[0026] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, DMRS are used as SSS in estimating time-frequency offsets.

[0027] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, DMRS reception is carried out on: different frequency and/or time resources; or identical frequency and/or time resources, and if the same frequency and/or time resources are used for reception, orthogonal sequences are used for DMRS.

[0028] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, the orthogonal sequences are obtained from a DFT matrix or from a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix.

[0029] In a possible development of the fourth aspect of DMRS, the second group of OFDM symbols are received on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers.

[0030] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, whether DMRSs of the second group of OFDM symbols are received on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers depends on the identifier physical cell.

[0031] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, the DMRS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells, or DMRS modulating sequences and PSS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells

[0032] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, the decoded bits of the PBCH information are obtained by decoding the encoded bits of the PBCH information received on the TRP at a coding rate lower than the coding rate of the PBCH transmission using a single antenna port.

[0033] In a possible development of the fourth aspect, decoded bits of information received on the PBCH are obtained by the steps of: demodulating information received on the PBCH from a first antenna port and information received on the PBCH from a second antenna port (i.e., demodulating signal carried in the physical channel PBCH), the result of demodulation of the information received in the PBCH from the first antenna port is descrambled using the first descrambling sequence, and the result of demodulation of the information received in the PBCH from the second antenna port is used using the second descrambling sequence, and the descrambling results are combined , and decode the combined descrambling result to obtain decoded bits of information received in the PBCH, wherein the first descrambling sequence is different from the second scrambling sequence, wherein the first descrambling sequence and the second descrambling sequence are, respectively, the first scrambling sequence and the second scrambling sequence, which are previously predefined and agreed upon between the TRP and the UE and used at the TRP to scramble, respectively, the encoded bits transmitted to the PBCH from the first antenna port and the encoded bits transmitted to the PBCH from the second antenna port.

[0034] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a UE 400 comprising a transceiver antenna unit 405 and a processor 410 configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect or any development of the fourth aspect.

[0035] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device equipped with a transceiver antenna unit, perform the method of the fourth aspect or any development of the fourth aspect.

[0036] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a communication system 500 is provided, comprising one or more TRPs 300 of the second aspect of the present invention and one or more UEs 400 of the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein at least one TRP 300 and at least one UE 400 communicate in the communication system 500 according to communication methods that are methods of the first aspect or a fourth aspect or which include, among other operations, said methods of the first aspect or the fourth aspect.

Brief description of drawings

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with non-limiting examples of implementation illustrated by the following figures. FIG. 1 and 5 refer to the prior art.

[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 illustrates the IA procedure in 5G NR according to the state of the art.

[FIG. 2] FIG. 2illustrates the IA procedure provided by the present invention.

[FIG. 3] FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a TRP-implemented SS/PBCH transmission method according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[FIG. 4] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an SS/PBCH receiving method implemented on a UE according to a fourth aspect of the present invention.

[FIG. 5] FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of an SS/PBCH block in 5G NR according to the prior art.

[FIG. 6a] FIG. 6a illustrates an SS/PBCH block structure with a “flat” placement of DMRS in the PBCH according to a first possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure in the present invention.

[FIG. 6b] FIG. 6b illustrates an SS/PBCH block structure with “staggered” placement of DMRS in the PBCH according to a second possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure in the present invention.

[FIG. 7] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of generating a DMRS for an SS/PBCH and mapping it to time-frequency resources according to a possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.

[FIG. 8a] FIG. 8a illustrates a flowchart of SS/PBCH encoding operations for two antenna ports according to a first possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.

[FIG. 8b] FIG. 8b illustrates a flowchart of SS/PBCH encoding operations for two antenna ports according to a second possible implementation of these operations in the present invention.

[FIG. 9a] FIG. 9a illustrates a structure of an SS/PBCH block with a DMRS planar placement in the PBCH and DMRS separation of two antenna ports using time domain orthogonal sequences (TD-OCC) according to the present invention.

[FIG. 9b] FIG. 9b illustrates the structure of an SS/PBCH block with a DMRS planar arrangement in the PBCH and DMRS separation of two antenna ports using frequency domain orthogonal sequences (FD-OCC) according to the present invention.

[FIG. 9c] FIG. 9c illustrates the structure of an SS/PBCH block with a DMRS planar arrangement in the PBCH and a DMRS separation of two frequency division division (FDM) antenna ports according to the present invention.

[FIG. 10] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a TRP according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is configured to implement an SS/PBCH transmission method according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[FIG. 11] Fig. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a UE according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, which is configured to implement an SS/PBCH receiving method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.

[FIG. 12] Fig. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system according to a seventh aspect of the present invention.

Detailed Description of Embodiments

[0038] According to the present invention, the initial access procedure illustrated in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2 to detect the first component physical identifier cells and accurately estimating time-frequency offsets, the methods of the present invention use DMRS included in the PBCH portion of the SS/PBCH block. Otherwise FIG. 2 may not differ from FIG. 1 . Details of the proposed new SS/PBCH block structures, as well as methods for generating and mapping such structures to time-frequency resources, are given below. In a possible implementation, the physical identifier cell is determined according to the equation , and the PSS value is signaled and the DMRS included in the same SS/PBCH block as the mentioned PSS is signaled with the value .

[0039] The term “SS/PBCH block” here refers to the arrangement of the SS (comprising the PSS and DMRS according to the present invention) and the PBCH into one transmission information unit. Periodic transmission of SS/PBCH blocks allows the UE to establish communication with the network based on information that can be determined by the UE from the contents of the SS/PBCH block. Such information may include, but is not limited to, a physical identifier cell, SFN, SI, MIB, RS, based on which the UE can perform various cell measurements, such as, but not limited to, RSRP measurements, RSRQ measurements, etc.

[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a TRP-implemented SS/PBCH transmission method according to the first aspect of the present invention. Any available (operational) frequency band can be used for communication between the TRP and the UE, including the one currently used for 4G LTE, Pre-5G, 5G NR, etc. In addition, in the present invention, both the TRP and the UE can use xMIMO technology when performing precoding and beamforming of an extremely massive antenna array. Non-limiting examples of the available frequency range may include Frequency Range 1 (FR1) to 7.125 GHz or at least a portion thereof, Frequency Range 2 (FR2) from 24.25 GHz to 71 GHz or at least a portion thereof, or a frequency range from 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz, or at least part thereof.

[0041] The method begins at step S100, in which a PSS is generated on the first group of OFDM symbols. This stage can be implemented by any method known from the prior art. As a non-limiting example, the PSS can be formed according to the technical solutions disclosed in RF application 2023120652 (RF patent 2805998), the full disclosure of which is included in this disclosure by this link. After executing step S100, the method proceeds to executing step S105, in which the PBCH and DMRS are generated on the second group of OFDM symbols. The first group of OFDM symbols does not intersect with the second group of OFDM symbols.

[0042] On FIG. 6aillustrated the first possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure according to the present invention. Illustrated at FIG. 6a The SS/PBCH block structure is referred to here as the SS/PBCH block structure with flat by placing DMRS on the PBCH, since in this case the same REs in different OFDM symbols are used to place DMRS on the PBCH. Defining and configuring the exact DMRS positions in the PBCH can be done according to Mat. expression 1 in the following Table 2 and the following mat. expression 2.

[0043]

table 2 : OFDM symbol and subcarrier configuration for DMRS in PBCH: Signal Number l OFDM symbol relative to the beginning of the SS/PBCH block Number k subcarrier relative to the beginning of the SS/PBCH block DMRS for PBCH 1, 2, 3 0+ v , 4+ v , 8+ v , …, 236+ v (mathematical expression 1)

[0044] Parameter v in mat. expression 1 can be defined as (mat. expression 2), where - physical cell identifier, mod - division operation with remainder, - the second component of the physical cell identifier. Options , , and - the first component of the physical cell identifier may be predefined for a particular TRP, for example when it is deployed to serve a specific cell in the network. A first possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure illustrated in FIG. 6a makes it possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the frequency offset estimation performed at the UE in response to the UE's perception of a transmission of an SS/PBCH block with such a structure.

[0045] On FIG. 6billustrated a second possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure according to the present invention. Illustrated at FIG. 6b The SS/PBCH block structure is referred to here as the SS/PBCH block structure with steppedDMRS placement in the PBCH, since in this case different (step-changed) REs in different OFDM symbols are used to place DMRS in the PBCH. Defining and configuring the exact DMRS positions in the PBCH can be done according to Mat. expressions 3, 4, 5 in the following Table 3 and the above mat. expression 2.

[0046]

Table 3 : OFDM symbol and subcarrier configuration for DMRS in PBCH: Signal Number l OFDM symbol relative to the beginning of the SS/PBCH block Number k subcarrier relative to the beginning of the SS/PBCH block DMRS for PBCH 1 0+ v , 4+ v , 8+ v , …, 236+ v (mathematical expression 3) 2 1+ v , 5+ v , 9+ v , …, 237+ v (mathematical expression 4) 3 2+ v , 6+ v , 10+ v , …, 238+ v (mathematical expression 5)

[0047] Parameter v in each of the mat. expressions 3, 4, 5 can be determined according to the above math. expression 2. A second possible implementation of the SS/PBCH block structure illustrated in FIG. 6b makes it possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the time synchronization estimation performed at the UE in response to the UE's perception of a transmission of an SS/PBCH block with such a structure.

[0048] After executing step S105, the method proceeds to executing step S110, in which an SS/PBCH containing a PSS, a PBCH and a DMRS enabling the receiving side of said SS/PBCH to detect an identifier is transmitted physical cell. The transmission may be, but is not limited to, a broadcast transmission.

[0049] Next, with reference to FIG. 7 describes a flowchart of generating a DMRS for an SS/PBCH and mapping it to time-frequency resources according to a possible implementation of these operations in the present invention. DMRS generation begins with a step where the pseudo noise (PN) sequence is initialized based on the physical cell ID. The PN sequence serves as a DMRS modulating sequence. As stated above, the parameters , , can be set for a specific TRP in advance. Examples of a PN sequence include, but are not limited to, an M sequence, a Gold sequence. In a first non-limiting implementation, the PN sequence may be initialized according to the following math. expression 6:

(mat. expression 6)

Where - initialized PN sequence;

- a complete synchronization signal (SS) index, or at least a part thereof, assigned by TRP depending on the sequence number of the SS/PBCH block in the periodically sent group of SS/PBCH blocks; And

- the full physical cell identifier that the DMRS signal generated in this embodiment will carry and signal to the UE.

[0050] In this case, the PN sequence that is initialized, but on the basis of which the DMRS included in the PBCH will subsequently be modulated, can carry and accordingly signal to the UE the complete identifier physical cell.

[0051] In a second non-limiting, alternative implementation, the PN sequence may be initialized according to the following math. expression 7:

(mat. expression 7)

Where - initialized sequence;

- the complete index of the synchronization signal (SS) or at least part thereof; And

is the first component of the full physical cell identifier that the DMRS generated in this embodiment will carry and signal to the UE.

[0052] In this case, the initialized PN sequence, based on which the DMRS included in the PBCH will subsequently be modulated, may carry and accordingly signal to the UE the first component full identifier physical cell. Second component full identifier the physical cell can then be carried and signaled as usual via the PSS.

[0053] In other non-limiting, alternative implementations, the PN sequence may be initialized according to any of the following alternative math. expressions 7.1 or 7.2, which can be used instead of the above math. expressions 7:

(mat. expression 7.1), or

(mat. expression 7.2)

Where - initialized sequence;

- the complete index of the synchronization signal (SS) or at least part thereof;

- the first component of the full physical cell identifier that the DMRS generated in this embodiment will carry and signal to the UE; And

- the full physical cell identifier that the DMRS generated in this embodiment will carry and signal to the UE.

[0054] In case of using any of the above mat. expressions 7.1 or 7.2 to accept DMRS, the user equipment (UE) in this case may know or guess the value in advance , given that . Since different meanings there are three in total: 0, 1, 2, in a non-limiting example the UE may iterate over these values (thus choosing one of the mentioned three values). In another non-limiting example, the UE may use a specific value , determined by PSS detection, because one of the three PSS is generated based on the mentioned value .

[0055] After performing the step of initializing the PN sequence based on the physical cell ID, the method proceeds to the step of performing DMRS modulation (eg, QPSK modulation) based on the initialized PN sequence according to the following math. expression 8:

(mat. expression 8)

Where - modulating DMRS (DMRS signal) sequence,

- index of the DMRS modulating sequence element,

- previously initialized PN sequence.

[0056] The method then proceeds to the step of mapping the modulated DMRS onto PBCH physical resources determined according to the mathematical expressions described above with reference to FIG. 6a , 6b . The DMRS configured in this way allows physical cell ID discovery at the UE side using DMRS from the PBCH without decoding the PBCH and without using SSS.

[0057] Next, with reference to FIG. 8a , 8b describe, respectively, the first and second possible implementations of SS/PBCH coding for two antenna ports. The term “antenna port”, used herein synonymously with the term “spatial stream”, refers to a channel whose characteristics (eg frequency or spatial) can be estimated and used, for example for demodulation, only by means of reference signals (eg DMRS) sent in the same channel, that is, only from the same antenna port. Thus, PBCH signals sent from one antenna port generally cannot be successfully demodulated and decoded using reference signals sent from another antenna port. This may be because different antenna ports may map to different physical antennas with significantly different characteristics, such as polarization, or different antenna ports use different spatial precodes.

[0058] According to the present invention, two antenna ports are used to transmit PBCH simultaneously on the same subcarrier frequencies. Such transmission involves spatial division/multiplexing (spatial multiplexing). Each of the two ports transmits its own DMRS. In this invention, this can also be done simultaneously on the same subcarrier frequencies by using DMRS code division (orthogonal codes) from different ports. Thus, both possible SS/PBCH encoding implementations are adapted to support two spatial PBCH transmission streams, which allows, in the presence of more advanced antenna arrays xMIMO systems, which are intended to be used on both the TRP and UE side in the next (sixth) communication standard ) generation, improve channel capacity and/or reliability of SS/PBCH transmission.

[0059] In the first possible implementation, the PBCH signal of two spatial streams is jointly encoded, in which a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence of twice the length is generated. To achieve this, the SS/PBCH coding for two antenna ports in this possible implementation starts with scrambling of the PBCH signal to be transmitted to the UE. Scrambling can be performed by any method known in the art. The initially scrambled PBCH signal sequence is then spread with a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) and subjected to error-correcting coding (e.g., but not limited to, polar coding, low-density parity check (LDPC) coding, turbo coding, or convolutional codes for receiving the encoded sequence of the PBCH signal , Where () - bits of encoded information transmitted in PBCH, 2 - the number of bits of encoded information transmitted in the PBCH for two spatial channels. The encoded PBCH signal sequence is then re-scrambled according to the following math. expression 9:

(mat. expression 9)

Where - scrambled sequence of bits of information transmitted in the PBCH,

- bits of encoded information transmitted in the PBCH,

- index of the element (bit) in the scrambled sequence of bits of information transmitted in the PBCH,

- scrambling sequence (0... -1),

- decimal representation of the least significant bits of the SS/PBCH block index,

- the number of code bits divided by 2, and

- division operation with remainder by 2.

[0060] Here, different halves of the scrambling sequence will be used for different ports . In this way, spatial stream/antenna port discrimination is achieved. In addition, part of the index can be encoded into the scrambling sequence SS/PBCH block or any other information that would be useful for the UE to perceive. Thus, a second (re)scrambling is used in this first possible implementation to encode part of the SS/PBCH block index information specified by the parameter . In the second possible implementation, which will be described below with reference to FIG. 8b, second (re)scrambling to form distinct code sequences transmitted from two antenna ports for two spatial streams.

[0061] After this, the re-scrambled sequence The PBCH signal is subjected to QPSK modulation to obtain a QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence ), Where - QPSK modulated PBCH signal sequence, 2 - the number of symbols modulating the information (signal) transmitted in the PBCH. Then the QPSK modulated sequence of the PBCH signal ) are divided into two streams, which are intended for transmission from different antenna ports. As a result, the spatial PBCH transmission stream for the first antenna port is obtained according to Math. expression 10, and the spatial transmission stream PBCH for the second antenna port is obtained according to mat. expression 11:

(mat. expression 10)

(mat. expression 11)

Where - a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the first TRP antenna port,

- a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the second TRP antenna port,

- index of the element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the first antenna port,

- index of the element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the second antenna port,

- a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted in the PBCH before being divided into antenna ports.

[0062] Each of the resulting PBCH spatial transmission streams is then pre-coded and beamformed and transmitted on the downlink. Any precoding and beamforming techniques can be used at this stage. Since the UE in this case can receive and decode (ie, perform the inverse processing of the processing described above and shown with reference to FIG. 8a ) both spatial streams, additional channel capacity and reliability of PBCH transmission are provided with only a slight increase in processing complexity on the UE associated with decoding two spatial PBCH transmission streams. However, if processing complexity is critical for some UEs, those UEs may be configured to decode one of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams, and decode the other of the two PBCH spatial transmission streams only if decoding of the first PBCH spatial transmission stream has not been completed. successfully. In addition, generation of the second spatial stream for the second antenna port may be disabled or prohibited for some frequency bands (eg, the FR1 band).

[0063] In a second possible implementation, the PBCH signal of two spatial streams is encoded in parallel. To achieve this, the SS/PBCH coding for two antenna ports in this possible implementation starts with scrambling of the PBCH signal to be transmitted to the UE. Scrambling can be performed by any method known in the art. The initially scrambled PBCH signal sequence is then spread with a CRC and subjected to error-correcting coding (e.g., but not limited to, polar coding, low-density parity check (LDPC) coding, turbo codes, or convolutional codes) to produce a scrambled PBCH signal sequences , Where () - bits of encoded information transmitted in the PBCH, - the number of bits of encoded information transmitted in the PBCH for one spatial channel.

[0064] Thereafter, the encoded sequence of the PBCH signal is repeated (duplicated), and subsequent processing is performed in parallel (separately) for the original PBCH signal coded sequence and for the duplicated PBCH signal coded sequence. Specifically, the post-processing includes re-scrambling the original PBCH coded sequence for the first antenna port and the duplicated PBCH coded sequence for the second antenna port according to, respectively, the following mat. expressions 12 and 13 (thus, unlike the first possible implementation, this second possible implementation of SS/PBCH coding for two antenna ports provides spatial flow/antenna port dependent scrambling):

(mat. expression 12)

(mat. expression 13)

Where - scrambled sequence of bits of information transmitted in the PBCH (i.e. transmitted PBCH signal),

- bits of encoded information transmitted in the PBCH,

- index of the element (bit) in the scrambled sequence of bits of information transmitted in the PBCH, (0... -1)

- scrambling sequence,

- decimal representation of the least significant bits of the SS/PBCH block index,

- the number of code bits of the spatial channel, and

- division operation with remainder by 2.

[0065] Thereafter, each of the re-scrambled original sequence PBCH signal and duplicate sequence The PBCH signal is subjected to QPSK modulation to obtain a QPSK modulated original PBCH signal sequence for the first antenna port and a QPSK modulated duplicate PBCH signal sequence for the second antenna port according to, respectively, the following mat. expressions 14 and 15:

(mat. expression 14)

(mat. expression 15)

Where - a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the first TRP antenna port,

- a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the second TRP antenna port,

- index of the element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the first antenna port,

- index of the element of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the second antenna port,

- a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the first TRP antenna port,

- a sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from the second TRP antenna port,

- length of the sequence of symbols modulating the information transmitted to the PBCH from each antenna port.

[0066] Then, each of the QPSK modulated original PBCH signal sequence for the first antenna port and the QPSK modulated duplicate PBCH signal sequence for the second antenna port are pre-coded and beamformed and transmitted on the downlink. Any precoding and beamforming techniques can be used at this stage. It should be understood that the operations performed on the UE side will be essentially the reverse of the operations performed on the TRP side described above. In other words, the modulation, scrambling, dividing, encoding operations performed on the TRP side may correspond to the corresponding demodulation, descrambling, combining, decoding operations performed on the UE side. Thus, since the UE can receive and decode (ie, perform essentially the reverse processing of the processing described above and shown with reference to FIG. 8a or FIG. 8b ) both spatial streams, additional channel capacity and transmission reliability are provided PBCH with only minor processing complexity at the UE associated with decoding the two spatial PBCH transmission streams. However, as discussed above, if processing complexity is critical for some UEs, those UEs may be configured to decode one of the two spatial PBCH transmission streams, and decode the other of the two spatial PBCH transmission streams only when decoding the first spatial transmission PBCH transmission flow was not completed successfully. In addition, as discussed above, the generation of a second spatial stream for the second antenna port may be disabled or prohibited for some frequency bands (eg, the FR1 band).

[0067] Next, with reference to FIG. 9a , 9b , 9c illustrate non-limiting possible implementations of DMRS separation over multiple antenna ports. All illustrated possible division implementations employ an SS/PBCH block structure with a flat placement of DMRS in the PBCH, i.e. That SS/PBCH block structure as described above and illustrated with reference to FIG. 6a . However, it should not be considered that those described below with reference to FIGS. 9a , 9b , 9c possible division options are only applicable to the SS/PBCH block structure with flat placement of DMRS in the PBCH. Instead, it should be understood that those described below with reference to FIGS. 9a , 9b , 9c, the possible division options also apply to the SS/PBCH block structure with staggered DMRS placement in the PBCH, illustrated and described with reference to FIG. 6b .

[0068] Illustrated at FIG. 9a,9bblocks SS/PBCH are the result of signal division on two antenna ports using time domain orthogonal sequences (TD-OCC) and frequency domain orthogonal sequences (FD-OCC), respectively. Orthogonal sequences of varying lengths for these non-limiting partitioning embodiments may be obtained from a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix or a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix. Non-limiting examples of matrices for obtaining orthogonal codes of various lengths are given below in Table 4.

[0069]

Table 4: Non-limiting examples of matrices for obtaining orthogonal codes of various lengths Non-limiting Example 1 Non-limiting Example 2 Non-limiting Example 3
This matrix is applicable to both the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the Walsh-Hadamard transform.
The length of the orthogonal sequence that can be obtained using such a matrix is 2. The first DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the first column of the above matrix, and the second DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the second column of the above matrices.
This matrix is applicable for discrete Fourier transform (DFT).
The length of the orthogonal sequence that can be obtained using such a matrix is 3. The first DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the first column of the above matrix, and the second DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the third column of the above matrices.
This matrix is applicable to the Walsh-Hadamard transformation.
The length of the orthogonal sequence that can be obtained using such a matrix is 4. The first DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the second column of the above matrix, and the second DMRS antenna port/spatial stream may use the sequence indicated by the last column of the above matrices. The present invention should not be limited to the specific examples of orthogonal sequence production matrices described above, since, if necessary, other matrices not explicitly mentioned here can be used that provide other orthogonal sequences, for example, sequences having a length greater than 4.

[0070] Illustrated at FIG. 9vThe SS/PBCH block results from another possible option for dividing the signal transmitted by the TRP and received by the UE over two antenna ports according to the present invention, namely, dividing by frequency division multiplexing (FDM), which is known in the art. Thanks to the division of the signal into two antenna ports, as described above with reference to FIG. 9a, 9b, 9v, provides the ability to estimate the channel between the TRP and the UE over two antenna ports/spatial streams, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy and/or reliability of such an estimate on the UE side, as well as to increase the efficiency of using time-frequency channel resources.

[0071] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a TRP 300 according to the second aspect of the present invention, which is configured to implement a communication method according to the first aspect of the present invention by at least including a transceiver antenna unit 305 configured to communicate with a UE and any other devices within the coverage area of the corresponding cell, and a processor 310 operably coupled to the transmit/receive antenna unit 305 and configured to implement the method of the first aspect of the present invention or any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention. A Transmission Point (TRP) may be, but is not limited to, a Base Station (BS), an Access Point (AP), or a NodeB.

[0072] TRP 300 is shown in FIG. 10 is in a relatively simplified, schematic form, so this figure does not show all the components actually contained in the TRP 300, but only those that make the present invention implemented. As is known, TRP may contain other not shown in FIG. 10 components, such as a power supply, various interfaces, input/output means, interconnects, random access and read only memory storing instructions executable by the processor 310 for executing the method of the first aspect of the present invention or any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, and the operating system , etc. The transceiver antenna unit 305 may include a transceiver and an antenna coupled to each other. The antenna can be implemented as a massive or ultra-massive MIMO antenna array with more antenna ports that supports hybrid analog and digital beamforming capabilities.

[0073] The processor 310 of the TRP 300 may be a central processing unit, a special purpose processor, another processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a combination thereof. Processor 310 may be implemented as a chip, such as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), System-on-Chip, SoC), etc.

[0074] FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a UE 400 according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, which is configured to implement a communication method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention by at least including a transceiver antenna unit 405 configured to communicate with a TRP and any other devices within the coverage area of the corresponding cell, and a processor 410 operably coupled to the transmit/receive antenna unit 405 and configured to implement the method of the fourth aspect of the present invention or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention. User Equipment (UE) may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet, laptop, personal computer, wearable electronic device (e.g. glasses, watch), AR/VR headset, Internet of Things (IoT) device, equipment placed in a vehicle or any other electronic device that supports mobile communications. The user equipment (UE) may be called something else, such as user terminal, user device, subscriber device, etc.

[0075] UE 400 is shown in FIG. 11 is in a relatively simplified, schematic form, so the figure does not show all of the components actually contained in the UE 400, but only those that enable the present invention to be implemented. As is known, the UE may contain other not shown in FIG. 11 components, such as a power supply, a battery, various interfaces, input/output means, interconnects, random access and read only memory storing instructions executable by the processor 410 for executing the method of the fourth aspect of the present invention or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect of the present invention, and operating system, etc. The transceiver antenna unit 405 may include a transceiver and an antenna coupled to each other. The antenna can be implemented as a massive or ultra-massive MIMO antenna array with more antenna ports that supports hybrid analog and digital beamforming capabilities.

[0076] The processor 410 of the UE 400 may be a central processing unit, a special purpose processor, another processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a combination thereof. The processor 410 may be implemented as a chip, such as an FPGA, ASIC, SoC, etc.

[0077] FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system 500 according to a seventh aspect of the present invention. Communications system 500 includes one TRP 300 that is installed to serve user terminals 400 in three deployed cells 1, 2, 3. Receiver point 300 may correspond to the TRP 300 that is described in detail above with reference to FIG. 10 , and each user equipment 400 may correspond to a UE 400, which is described in detail with reference to FIG. 11, so the TRP 300 and UE 400 are again not described in detail here. The communication system 500 may simultaneously support two active radio access technologies (RATs) from, for example, 4G LTE, 5G NR, 6G.

[0078] Specific details shown in FIG. 12 should not be considered as a limitation of the present technology, since the system 500 may have a different architecture and be characterized/illustrated differently, for example, each cell of cell 1, cell 2, cell 3 may have its own TRP 300, the number of UEs 400 in the cells may different from that shown, cells 1, 2, 3 may be one larger cell, the shape and space covered by the cells may be different from those shown, etc. The number of cells can be more than 3.

[0079] The present invention may further be implemented as a storage medium storing processor-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device equipped with a transceiver antenna unit, perform a method of any aspect of the disclosed invention or any possible implementation of the corresponding aspect. A storage medium may be any non-transitory computer readable medium, memory, storage area, storage device, etc., such as, but not limited to, a hard disk drive, optical media, semiconductor media, solid state drive (SSD), or similar to them.

[0080] The technical solutions disclosed herein, the main features of which are the use of the DMRS sequence for signaling the physical cell identifier (full or partial) instead of SSS in the SS/PBCH block, as well as PBCH encoding for two spatial streams, provide one or more of the following favorable technical effects: (1) the possibility of more flexible network configuration, which is especially important for communication systems supporting extremely massive antenna arrays in xMIMO technology, since a larger number of resource elements (RE) are released for both cell ID detection and PBCH, ( 2) the capacity and/or reliability of the channel between the TRP and the UE is increased, (3) the accuracy and/or reliability of the channel estimation between the TRP and the UE is increased by allowing such estimation to be carried out over two antenna ports/spatial channels, etc. In addition, thanks to In accordance with the present invention, two RAT technologies can simultaneously coexist in a communication network and support a deployment scenario of these technologies with dynamic frequency spectrum sharing.

[0081] Industrial applicability

[0082] The present invention can be used in 3GPP compliant TRP and UE communication networks that support massive MIMO antenna technology with a very large number of digital antenna ports (e.g., ≥ 128), analog/digital single-beam/multi-beam beamforming, and TDD and/or FDD duplex modes. Other applications of the technology disclosed herein will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading this detailed description of this application.

[0083] At least one aspect of the disclosed technical solution may be implemented by an AI model. An AI-related function can be performed through persistent memory, RAM, and processor(s) (CPU, GPU, NPU). The processor(s) controls the processing of input data according to a predefined operating rule or artificial intelligence (AI) model stored in read-only memory and main memory. A predefined operating rule or artificial intelligence model is provided through learning. Here, “provision by learning” means that by applying a learning algorithm to a set of training data, a predefined operating rule or AI model with a desired characteristic is created. As a non-limiting example, an AI model may be created to receive the dual antenna port coded SS/PBCH sequence and/or pre-encode it and/or beamform the antenna array to transmit the dual antenna port coded SS/PBCH sequence depending on the current situation determined by the state of the communication network and/or communication line, the state of the TRP and/or UE, the number of active/inactive UEs and/or any other parameters of the communication network and/or TRP and/or UE. The training may be performed within the device itself using the AI according to an embodiment, and/or may be implemented through a separate server/system.

[0084] The AI model may be a decision tree-based algorithm or consist of multiple neural network layers. Each layer has a plurality of weights and performs the operation of the layer through a calculation based on the result of the calculation in the previous layer and the application of a plurality of weights and other parameter values. Examples of decision tree-based algorithms include random forest, ensemble trees, etc., and examples of neural networks include, but are not limited to, convolutional neural network (CNN), deep neural network (DNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), Deep Belief Network (DBN), Bidirectional Network, Recurrent Deep Neural Network (BRDNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Transformer Networks, Deep Q-Net, Large Language Models and so on .

[0085] A learning algorithm is a method of training a predetermined target device or target function based on a corresponding set of training data that causes, enables, controls, or provides an output of the target device or target function. Examples of learning algorithms include, but are not limited to, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning or reinforcement learning, and so on.

[0086] One skilled in the art will appreciate that various illustrative logical blocks (functional blocks or modules) and steps (operations) used in embodiments of the disclosed technical solution may be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. . Whether functions are implemented using hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design requirements of the overall system. One skilled in the art may employ various methods for implementing the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0087] It should also be noted that the order of steps of any disclosed method is not strict, because some one or more steps may be rearranged in the actual order of execution and/or combined with another one or more steps, and/or divided into a larger number of sub-steps.

[0088] Throughout this application, reference to an element in the singular does not preclude the presence of multiple such elements in the actual implementation of the invention, and, conversely, reference to an element in the plural does not exclude the presence of only one such element in the actual implementation of the invention. Any specific value or range of values stated above should not be interpreted in a limiting sense, but rather such specific value or range of values should be considered to represent the midpoint of a specified larger range, up to approximately 50% or more% on either side of the specifically stated value. or a specifically specified smaller range.

[0089] While this disclosure has been shown and described with reference to specific embodiments and examples thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and content may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. In other words, the foregoing detailed description is based on specific examples and possible implementations of the present invention, but should not be interpreted to mean that only the explicitly disclosed implementations are feasible. It is intended that any change or substitution that could be made to this disclosure by one of ordinary skill in the art without creative and/or technical contribution shall be within the scope of protection (subject to equivalents) provided by the following claims.

Claims (45)

1. A method for transmitting a synchronization signal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) implemented by a transmit-receive point (TRP), the method comprising the steps of: generating (S100) a primary synchronization signal (PSS) on the first group of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and forming (S105) a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS) on the second group of OFDM symbols, and transmit (S110) on the downlink SS/PBCH containing PSS, Strategic Missile Forces and DMRS, providing the receiving side of said SS/PBCH with the ability to detect the identifier physical cell. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which the Strategic Missile Forces and DMRS are transmitted using two antenna ports. 3. The method according to claim 2, in which DMRS transmitted from two antenna ports uses: - different frequency and/or time resources; or - identical frequency and/or time resources, but orthogonal sequences. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the orthogonal sequences are obtained from a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix or a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix. 5. The method according to claim 1, in which the DMRS of the second group of OFDM symbols are transmitted on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers. 6. The method according to claim 5, in which the choice of subcarriers used for DMRS depends on the identifier physical cell. 7. The method according to claim 1, in which DMRS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells, or DMRS modulating sequences and PSS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells 8. The method according to claim 2, in which the encoded bits of information transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces are obtained through noise-resistant coding at a coding rate lower than the encoding rate when transmitting to the Strategic Missile Forces using one antenna port. 9. The method according to claim 2, in which the encoded bits of information transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces for the second port are obtained by repeating the encoded bits of information transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces for the first antenna port and applying to them a scrambling sequence different from the scrambling sequence used for first antenna port. 10. Transmission-reception point (TRP, 300), containing a transceiver antenna unit (305) and a processor (310), configured to implement the method according to any one of claims. 1-9. 11. A storage medium storing instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor of a device equipped with a transceiver antenna unit, ensure execution of the method according to any one of claims. 1-9. 12. A method implemented by a user equipment (UE) for receiving a synchronization signal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH), the method comprising the steps of: receive (S200) a primary synchronization signal (PSS) on a first group of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and receive (S205) a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS) on the second group of OFDM symbols, detect (S210) ID physical cell based on the received SS/PBCH containing PSS, Strategic Missile Forces and DMRS, and transmit (S215) on the uplink based at least in part on the detected identifier physical cell. 13. The method according to claim 12, in which the Strategic Missile Forces and DMRS are received using at least one of the two antenna ports. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the DMRS are used as a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in estimating time-frequency offsets. 15. The method according to claim 13, in which DMRS reception is carried out on: - different frequency and/or time resources; or - identical frequency and/or time resources, and if the same frequency and/or time resources are used to receive DMRS, orthogonal DMRS sequences are used. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the orthogonal sequences are obtained from a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix or a Walsh-Hadamard transform matrix. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein the DMRS of the second group of OFDM symbols are received on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein whether DMRSs of the second group of OFDM symbols are received on the same subcarriers or on different subcarriers depends on the identifier physical cell. 19. The method according to claim 12, in which DMRS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells or DMRS modulating sequences and PSS modulating sequences are different for different identifiers physical cells 20. The method according to claim 12, in which the decoded bits of information transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces are obtained by decoding the encoded bits of information transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces, received on the TRP at an encoding rate lower than the encoding rate when transmitting to the Strategic Missile Forces using a single antenna port. 21. The method according to claim 12, in which the decoded bits of information received in the Strategic Missile Forces are obtained through the steps of: demodulate the information received by the Strategic Missile Forces from the first antenna port, and the information received by the Strategic Missile Forces from the second antenna port, descrambling the result of demodulation of information received in the Strategic Missile Forces from the first antenna port, using the first descrambling sequence, and the result of demodulation of information received in the Strategic Missile Forces from the second antenna port, using the second descrambling sequence, combine the descrambling results, and decode the combined descrambling result to obtain decoded bits of information received in the Strategic Missile Forces, wherein the first descrambling sequence differs from the second descrambling sequence, wherein the first descrambling sequence and the second descrambling sequence are respectively the first scrambling sequence and the second scrambling sequences, which are predetermined and agreed upon between the TRP and the UE and were used at the TRP to scramble respectively the encoded bits transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces from the first antenna port and the encoded bits, transmitted to the Strategic Missile Forces from the second antenna port. 22. User equipment (UE, 400) comprising a transceiver antenna unit (405) and a processor (410) configured to implement the method according to any one of claims. 12-21. 23. A storage medium storing instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor of a device equipped with a transceiver antenna unit, ensure execution of the method according to any one of claims 12-21. 24. A communication system (500) containing one or more transmit-receive points (TRP, 300) according to claim 10, configured to implement the method according to any one of claims. 1-9, and one or more user equipments (UE, 400) according to claim 22, configured to implement the method according to any one of claims. 12-21.