RU2720751C1 - Steering gear of vehicle with variable gear ratio - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to steering gear of vehicle with variable gear ratio. Steering mechanism is made in form of planetary variator, drive shaft of which is made integral with carrier 14, in which there are satellites 6, pressed on one side by support disc 11, rigidly fixed on housing 15, and on other side - pressure plate 5 by means of screw 1, connected with pressure plate 5 through spring 2 and support bearing 4. Working surface of satellites 6 is borne against driven ring 7 inserted into slots of driven crown 3 with possibility of displacement by two crank-and-slide mechanisms, slides 9 of which are connected to driven ring 7 via bearing 10, and connecting rods 8 are connected via conical 16, 17 and cylindrical gears 12, 13 to drive shaft 14, shank which is installed with possibility of rotation inside front part of pressure plate 5, rear part of which is installed with possibility of rotation in driven crown 3, which is output element of steering mechanism.

EFFECT: enabling increase in the gear ratio variation in the wider range and the steering mechanism resource, as well as its design simplification.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of automotive industry, in particular to steering.

To improve steering quality, modern steering systems are manufactured with a variable gear ratio. Such systems with variable gear ratios are for the most part implemented in designs with rack and pinion steering gears.

The known rack-and-pinion steering gear with a variable gear ratio comprises a gear engaged with a gear rack equipped with a central group of teeth with different shapes and pitch corresponding to different gear radii of the gear and rack (USSR patent No. 502598, 1976). A disadvantage of the known steering mechanism is the inability to obtain the required range of gear ratios without reducing the gearing strength.

It is known the steering of a vehicle with a variable gear ratio, consisting of a steering wheel, a gearbox, a cardan gear with the possibility of changing the angles between the telescopic cardan shafts, a multiplier, a steering gear, a drive, while the housing of the telescopic cardan shaft is connected to a fixed element for fastening the steering wheel via a gear plates and gear sector (RF patent No. 2157326, 2000). A disadvantage of the known steering is the difficulty of adjusting the angles between the telescopic driveshafts to change the gear ratio, the great difficulty in manufacturing and operation.

Active steering with a cycloidal variator is also known (RF patent No. 2370398, 2009), where as a gearbox transmitting rotation from the control to the wheels, a cycloidal gearbox is used, the intermediate rotation body of which is mounted on the shaft of the control external drive, which can be rotated and fixation, and the gears of the steps installed with the possibility of free rotation on this shaft are connected with the input and output shafts of the steering, and the control external drive rotates the shaft with a variable hour according to the signals of the control unit, depending on the speed of the car, the angle of rotation of the control element and the speed of its rotation, while the gear ratio changes over a wide range. Its disadvantage is the complexity of manufacturing technology, the need for an electronic control system, in the event of a malfunction of which the possibility of changing the steering gear ratio is lost.

The objective of the invention is to increase the possibility of changing the gear ratio in a wider range, resource steering and simplifying its design.

The task is achieved in that the steering gear of the vehicle with a variable gear ratio is made in the form of a planetary variator, the drive shaft of which is made integral with the carrier, in which the satellites are mounted, pressed on one side by a support disk, rigidly fixed to the body, and on the other hand, by a pin the disk using a screw connected to the clamping disk through the spring and the thrust bearing, while the working surface of the satellites abuts the driven ring inserted into the slots of the driven crown with the possibility of two crank-slide mechanisms, the sliders of which are connected to the driven ring through the bearing, and the connecting rods are connected through pairs of bevel and cylindrical gears with a drive shaft, the shank of which is mounted for rotation inside the front of the clamping disk, the rear of which is mounted for rotation in the driven crown, which is the output element of the steering mechanism.

The figure shows a sectional steering mechanism assembly with a steering shaft, where: 1 - screw; 2 - spring; 3 - driven crown; 4 - pillow block bearing; 5 - clamping disc; 6 - satellite; 7 - a conducted ring; 8 - connecting rods; 9 - sliders; 10 - bearing; 11 - a reference disk; 12, 13 - cylindrical gears; 14 - drive shaft with a carrier; 15 - case; 16, 17 - bevel gears.

The steering gear of a vehicle with a variable gear ratio includes a housing 15, in which a drive shaft is installed, made integral with the carrier 14, in which satellites 6 are mounted, pressed on one side by a support disk 11, rigidly mounted on the housing 15, and on the other, by a compression disk 5 with the help of a screw 1, connected with the clamping disk 5 through the spring 2 and the thrust bearing 4, while the working surface of the satellites 6 abuts against the driven ring 7, inserted into the slots of the driven crown 3 with the possibility of moving two crank-crawl mechanisms, the sliders 9 of which are connected to the driven ring 7 through the bearing 10, and the connecting rods 8 are connected via bevel 16, 17 and spur gears 12, 13 with the drive shaft 14, the shank of which is mounted for rotation inside the front of the clamping disk 5, the rear which is installed with the possibility of rotation in the driven crown 3, which is the output element of the steering mechanism.

The steering mechanism of a vehicle with a variable gear ratio works as follows. When the steering wheel rotates, the drive shaft, made integral with the carrier 14, is rotated in the corresponding direction. The satellites 6 installed in the carrier 14 are rotatably rotated, rolling around on the support disk 11, rigidly mounted on the housing 15. Through friction contact, the satellites 6 transmit the rotation to the driven ring 7, which transfers the rotation through the spline connection to the driven crown 3 connected to the steering driven. The compression force of the satellites 6 between the support disk 11, the driven ring 7 and the compression disk 5 is regulated by a screw 1 acting on the compression disk 5 through the spring 2 and the support bearing 4. In this case, the drive shaft 14 rotates the hard-set gear 13, which transmits rotation through the cylindrical gears 12 and bevel gears 17 on bevel gears 16, playing the role of cranks. When the gears 16 rotate, either one way or the other, the connecting rods 8 move the sliders 9 and through the bearing 10 the driven ring 7 along the splines of the driven crown 3 from point A to point B, which corresponds to the steering wheel turning from the central position to the left or to the right all the way. The contact line of the driven ring 7 with the working surface of the satellites 6 moves from point A corresponding to the maximum gear ratio to point B with the minimum gear ratio, similar to the principle of operation of the variator Pirozhkova E.I. The law of change in the gear ratio of the steering mechanism is determined by the parameters of the crank-slide mechanisms 8, 9, spur gears 12, 13, bevel gears 16, 17. The gear ratio, in this case, can reach significant values - 1:50 or more.

If necessary, the steering, which will include the proposed steering gear with a variable gear ratio, can be active. The gear 13 in this case should be free rotation relative to the drive shaft 14, but be able to be rigidly connected to it using a clutch that is automatically controlled, and gears 12 should be rotated by an electric motor according to the signals of the control unit, depending on the speed of the car, the angle of rotation of the control element and speed its rotation, the position of the electric motor, sensors of the dynamic stabilization system. In the event of a failure of the electric motor or control unit, a rigid connection of the gear 13 and the drive shaft 14 is established, while it is possible not only to control the vehicle, but also to change the gear ratio.

The advantage of the invention lies in the high load-bearing capacity of the planetary gear, increasing the resource due to unloading of the steering shaft bearings from normal forces, a wide range of gear ratios, compactness and simplicity of design.

Claims (1)

Steering gear of a vehicle with a variable gear ratio, characterized in that it is made in the form of a planetary variator, the drive shaft of which is made integral with the carrier, in which the satellites are mounted, pressed on one side by a support disk, rigidly fixed to the body, and on the other hand with a clamping disk using a screw connected to the clamping disk through a spring and a thrust bearing, while the working surface of the satellites abuts against a driven ring inserted into the slots of the driven crown with the possibility of movement two crank-slide mechanisms, the sliders of which are connected to the driven ring through the bearing, and the connecting rods are connected through pairs of bevel and cylindrical gears with a drive shaft, the shank of which is mounted for rotation inside the front of the clamping disk, the rear of which is mounted for rotation in the driven crown , which is the output element of the steering mechanism.

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