RU2712869C1 - Formation method of strata with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of hydrocarbon deposits and, in particular, to development of deposits using physics of oil formation, as well as hydromechanics and experimental physics when investigating the nature of movement of liquids through porous media. Method comprises hydraulic fracturing of formation between pairs of wells to form primary trajectories of strata formation channels - SFC. Gamma and neutron logging types are performed to determine parameters of intervals of perforations and lengths of zones. Various types of well tests are carried out. Refined analysis mode is introduced. Number of plugging points is determined as a function of dynamic characteristics of the SFC and depth flows are described taking into account coordinates of the water front of the formation. Additionally, duration of rear fronts of transient processes of hydro-pulsed research subcycles is determined. According to these studies current linear piezoelectric conductivity is predicted in the SFC regions as per the results of well measurements of amplitude pulsations of flow rates of tracing marks and coordinates of the perturbed zone of SFC with reference to amplitude pulsations of measured well pressures. At that, residual oil saturations are predicted additionally in inter-zone areas of SFC starting from skin-zonal endings and nearby endings of localized areas of unproductive areas in direction to zones of inflow of fluids. That is ensured by formation of at least three redirections of fluid flows in carbonate strata and at least five in terrigenous strata in each of these regions.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of hydrocarbons extraction from productive formations.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the physics of the oil reservoir, environmental protection and can be used in experimental physics, as well as in hydromechanics in studies of the nature of the movement of multiphase and multicomponent fluids through porous media.

The objective of the invention by an additional method is to increase the efficiency of extraction of hydrocarbons from reservoirs.

The problem is achieved by the fact that in the known main production method with hard to recover hydrocarbon reserves (RF Patent No. 2628343, MKI E21B 43/20, 43/26, G01V 9/00. / Batalov SA, Andreev V.E., Dubinsky G.S. et al. // Bulletin “Inventions” - 2017. - No. 23), characterized in that in the process of drilling and equipping the wells, deviations of the values of the primary lengths of the trajectories between the borehole zones of perforations are determined according to inclinometry data, hydraulic fracturing between the pairs wells with the formation of primary paths of the channels you reservoir workings (GWP), perform gamma and neutron types of logs when determining the parameters of the intervals of perforations and lengths of zones in the initial profiles of water injection near the injection and fluid inflows near the production wells, in the pilot production of existing wells, their differential and integral profiles of inflow and injection rate are measured , the values of which determine the minimum, maximum and nominal values of the pressures of the operating mode of the HVAC, which determine the number of subbands but minimum pressures for maintaining the formation, form the set of technological lines of the functions of the parameters of the reservoirs and the properties of the fluids, which ensure their correction with continuous methods of researching the formation at the early, intermediate, late and final stages of its production, at the early stage of production, measure the length of the water reservoir during continuous cycles of preliminary research and operation carried out in discontinuous controls of injected portions of tracing marks together with a working agent under nominal pressure exp lutations when describing their movement in the Dupuis-Forchheimer dependence, correct the measured lengths of the water-borne fields relative to those calculated according to borehole inclinometry, in the early stages of the late stage of production, perform a hydro-pulse mode of preliminary studies of the coordinates of the location of the waterfront fronts in the water-pipe and the coordinates of its unproductive sections in successive cycles, when the duration of the hydraulic pulses varies with the time quantum and characterize the time of delivery of labels under maximum pressure the operation of the water heater, and the pauses of the hydroimpulse cycles correspond to the nominal pressure of its operation when describing the filtering process according to the Dupuis-Forchheimer dependence, the number of plugging points for the space of the trajectories of the straight and cross water storages is determined as a function of the static characteristics of their parameters and errors of downhole tools, at intermediate stages of the late stage of development perform a hydro-pulse mode of refined studies of the coordinates of the location of the fronts of the water cut in the water supply line, the coordinates of the neighborhood its unproductive sections and plugging points in sequentially executed cycles, when the duration of the hydraulic pulses varies with the time quantum and characterize the time of label delivery under pressure above the maximum operating pressure of the water heater, and the nominal pressure of its operation corresponds to pauses of the hydraulic pulse cycles when describing the filtering process depending on the Boussinesq dependence to the water cut front , and after it - Dupuis-Forchheimer, determine the number of plugging points for the space of trajectories of lines and lines in the function of the dynamic characteristics of their parameters and taking into account the functions of the static characteristics, at the final stages of the late stage of development, a hydro-pulse mode of additionally determined studies of the coordinates of the location of the waterfront fronts in the water treatment facility and the coordinates of the vicinities of the plugging points of their trajectories in the direction from production wells to injection wells is carried out during successive cycles when the durations of the water pulses change with a time quantum and characterize the time of label delivery under pressure higher than the hydroimpulse pressures of the refined research mode, and the pauses of the hydroimpulse cycles correspond to the nominal pressure of its operation when describing the filtering process as a function of Boussinesq to the water cut front, and after it - the non-linear part of the Dupuis-Forchheimer, the hydro-pulse mode of plugging of non-productive sections of the PIC is performed during successive cycles when the duration of the hydraulic pulses varies with the time quantum and characterize the delivery time of portions of the grouting material under pressure above the hydroimpulse pressures of the mode of further research and below the hydraulic fracture pressure with a decrease in pressure by a quantum as the transition from one plugging point to another in the direction from production wells to injection wells, and pauses of hydroimpulse cycles correspond to the nominal pressure of its operation when describing the filtration process, depending on the Poisel the water cut front, and after it - the non-linear part of the Dupuis-Forchheimer, record changes in oil production as the first trajectories of the water-borne oil field degrade as well as the formation and development of their new trajectories up to the full development of reservoir sections in direct and cross-water strata, the development of hydrocarbon deposits for the further liquidation of the field, and for the strata with increased fractures and highly viscous fluids, descriptions of the movement of their flows in the additional Poisson dependence are performed. In addition, single-cycle plugging is performed in profiles with small crack areas, and multi-cycle plugging is performed in the vicinity of its large-crack sections. In addition, during the development of productive formations, portions of tracer marks are delivered in an oil solvent medium as part of a working agent. Moreover, when developing productive formations, the plugging material is delivered in an oil solvent medium as part of a working agent. In this case, the formation development is first performed in cross-water formation wells with non-interacting wells, and the formed sections of the formation with residual oil saturation are subjected to production on the basis of direct oil production wells.

The disadvantages of the main method include the lack of the ability to clarify the coordinates of the redirection of the displacing flows at each subsequent grouting based on the current forecasting of linear productivity, as well as the lack of the possibility of targeted formation development based on the current forecast of the linear parameters of residual oil saturation. In addition, the large error in the delivery of portions of tracing marks and grouting is due to the lack of consideration of the research processes carried out in the hard and elastic mode of operation of the CVP. In addition, with the evolutionary development of the GPC trajectories in the areas of near-wellbore zones of the beds between the ends of the skin factors and the nearby localized areas of the unproductive areas, there is no method for assessing the current forecasting of not only linear pressure conductivity, but also the parameters of residual oil saturation.

New features of the invention according to the claimed method for producing formations with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves (optional) are the introduction of new elements characterized by the fact that they additionally determine the durations of the trailing edges of transient hydroimpulse research sub-cycles, which reveal the current forecasting of linear piezoconductivity in the areas of developed sections of water-logging wells according to the results of downhole measurements amplitude pulsations of flow rates of tracing marks along the coordinates of the perturbed zones s KVP in relation to the amplitude pulsations of the measured borehole pressures.

In addition, the additional method is characterized by the fact that the current prediction of the linear residual oil saturation of the oil-water condensate is carried out in the converted parameters of the linear hydraulic capacity in the areas of the developed oil-gas condensate sections according to the results of downhole measurements of the amplitude fluctuations of the pressure values along the coordinates of the smoothed perturbed zone of the oil-gas condensate in relation to the amplitude pulsations of the flow rates of tracing marks.

In addition, the additional method is characterized by the fact that various fluctuations in the research pressures in the hard mode of the CEC with different nonlinearities of the integrated frequency spectra characterize the current prediction of fracture of the studied areas of the CEC trajectories based on the readings of downhole passive noise metering.

In addition, in the elastic mode of operation of the studied areas of the CVC, their various pressure fluctuations with different areas of the integrated spectra determine the current prediction of the number of imperfections in the cross sections of the current tubes in them when measuring the changing linear parts of the frequency spectra.

In this case, the current forecasting of linear piezoelectric conductivity and / or residual oil saturation in the areas of near-wellbore zones of the beds between the ends of the skin factors and nearby localized areas of the unproductive areas is determined after the formation of at least three LPC trajectories depending on the structure of the reservoir rock.

Thus, the claimed method (optional) meets the criterion of "novelty." The applicant is not aware of technical solutions containing similar features that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype and the main method, which allows us to conclude that the claimed solution meets the criterion of "Inventive step".

In FIG. Figure 1 shows the equivalent circuit of the extended KVP trajectory with linear parameters in the oil recovery system.

In FIG. 2 shows diagrams of the coordinate-time diagrams with the modes of research and operation of the CWP.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the diagrams of the coordinate-time diagrams in the example of the relative values of the linear parameters of the piezoconductivity and the residual oil saturation of the CWP.

In FIG. 1 conventionally depicts the equivalent circuit of an extended KVP trajectory based on the electro-hydraulic analogy method (Batalov S.A. Automatic control of technical systems. - Ufa: UGAES, 2007. - 300 s.), Where the reservoir pressure value p ( t), and potential values are identified in the current values of the input flow rate q _in (t) in the injection well and the output flow rate in the production well q _out (t). The long line of the KVP trajectory has a hydraulic load Z _n and an input hydraulic capacity C _in , and each component section dx of the trajectory is characterized by the values of linear hydraulic resistances R _g , inductances L _g and capacitances C _g . In the presented scheme, the linear hydraulic leakage resistance of Y _g KVP is not taken into account.

This resistance Y _g can be neglected, because it is canceled due to the timely prevention of the emergency mode of the formation based on the developed technology for this method (when breaking rocks and leakage of fluids to the earth's surface, etc.). Such leaks are eliminated by timely isolation of the emergency KVP section in plugging mode. Moreover, the main linear parameters of the KVP trajectory are (Batalov S.A. Modeling the quality and stability of the oil displacement process in the hydromechanics of field development // Vestnik AN RB. - 2018. Volume 26. No. 6 (90). - P. 87-99) :

участка траектории КВП с погонной протяженностью

где μ - коэффициент динамической вязкости (далее вязкость) флюида; k_ym - коэффициент проницаемости участка траектории КВП;- hydraulic resistance

KVP trajectory section with linear length

where μ is the dynamic viscosity coefficient (hereinafter viscosity) of the fluid; k _ym is the permeability coefficient of the KVP trajectory section;

- hydraulic capacity С _g ≡ V _nop = V _n / σ _n is the pore volume of the KVP section, defined as the ratio of the volumetric oil concentration σ _n in the pore space element V _n ; σ _n + σ _in = 1, σ _in - volumetric concentration of water in the pore space element;

- piezoelectric inductance (hydraulic inductance) L _g ≡ η _n = k _np / (μ⋅β ^* ), where β ^* = mβ _w + β _s is the coefficient of elastic capacity of the reservoir; m is the coefficient of porosity of the rock, β _W and β _c are the coefficients of compressibility of the fluid and skeleton of the reservoir, respectively.

где n - количество перфорационных зон; С_n.з. - осредненная величина емкости перфорационных зон и трещин гидроразрыва. В качестве гидравлической нагрузки Z_н рассматриваются активная и индуктивная виды нагрузок. Активную нагрузку можно представить в виде коэффициента сопротивления движению жидкости в интервале перфорации какThe input hydraulic capacity is defined as

where n is the number of perforation zones; C _n.z. - the average value of the capacity of perforation zones and fractures. As a hydraulic load Z _n active and inductive types of loads are considered. The active load can be represented as a coefficient of resistance to fluid movement in the perforation interval as

where d is the diameter of the producing well in the perforation interval; ν _cp is the average velocity of the downhole fluid; ρ and μ are the viscosity and density of the well fluid. Moreover, the following relations are valid for sections of the hydraulic circuit: q (t) = p (t) / R _g , q (t) = C⋅dp (t) / dt, p (t) = L⋅dq (t) / dt .

(по основному способу) при достижении удаленной возбужденной зоны КВП. Показано, что это реализуется при непрерывном поддержании давлении доставки порции метки (Р_исс) в гидроимпульсных уточняемых и доопределяемых исследованиях по отношению к давлению номинальной эксплуатации Р_экс.н. в расчетном времени эксплуатации

In FIG. 2, two diagrams of the coordinate-time diagrams in the modes of research and operation of the CWP are considered. The plot of E1 displays the estimated time of research

(by the main method) upon reaching the remote excited zone of the CVP. It is shown that this is realized while continuously maintaining the delivery pressure for the portion of the label ( _Pss ) in hydroimpulse refined and further defined studies with respect to the pressure of the nominal operation Р _ex.n. in estimated operating time

при переключении от величин давлений исследований до величин давлений номинальной эксплуатации КВП. В этом случае серия точек 1, 2, 3 и 4 в вершинах переходных процессах отображает динамику практического результата эволюционного развития одинарной i-й флуктуации

при максимальном 5 и минимальном 6 значениях амплитуд в точках. После выработки переходного процесса в жестком режиме работы КВП между давлениями Р_исс и Р_экс.max. осуществляется переход в упругий режим его функционирования с затуханием изображенного семейства амплитуд до минимально определяемой точки 6.In the diagram E2 of FIG. 2 shows the practical results of studies of excited zones

when switching from the values of the research pressures to the values of the pressures of the rated operation of the CVP. In this case, the series of points 1, 2, 3, and 4 at the vertices of the transients reflects the dynamics of the practical result of the evolutionary development of a single ith fluctuation

with a maximum of 5 and a minimum of 6 values of amplitudes in points. After the development of the transient process in the hard mode of operation of the PWC between the pressures _Pss and _Pex.max . the transition to the elastic mode of its functioning is carried out with the attenuation of the depicted family of amplitudes to the minimum defined point 6.

получаемые практические значения времени составляют

где τ_з - время задержки за счет инерционности процесса фильтрации. Аналогично выглядят последующие подциклы исследований при образовании (i + j)-й флуктуации

Для данных флуктуаций характерно различие протяженностей (или крутизны) переднего и заднего фронтов в переходных процессах при определении погонных остаточной нефтенасыщенности σ_н.ocm(V_nер, V_н, σ_в) и пьезопроводности η_n(β_с, β_ж, k_n, m) с определяемыми по основному способу проницаемостью и пористостью по основному способу.In contrast to the estimated value of the research time (see E1)

the resulting practical values of time are

where τ _s is the delay time due to the inertia of the filtering process. The subsequent research sub-cycles look similar when the (i + j) -th fluctuation is formed

These fluctuations are characterized by a difference in the lengths (or steepness) of the leading and trailing edges in transients when determining the linear residual oil saturation σ _n.ocm (V _nер , V _н , σ _в ) and piezoconductivity η _n (β _s , β _W , k _n , m) with the permeability and porosity determined by the main method according to the main method.

From the point of view of the underground theory of hydraulic shock, such a variable localization of fronts is characterized as the amplitude of smoothing out pulsations in the disturbed zone of the CWP, i.e. coordinate of the delivery of portions of tracing marks along its trajectory. It is shown (S. Batalov, Analysis of transients in a reservoir with a hydro-pulse mode of operation // Bashkir Chemical Journal - 2010. - Volume 12. - No. 2. -P. 47-49), that for terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs, the range η _n = 0.1 ... 5 m / s ² lies in time intervals from 120 s to 1700 s. Moreover, for the initial problems to be solved, one can use the system of telegraph equations

Thus, to determine the linear piezoconductivity, you can use the first telegraph equation (2, a ) in the form

neglecting hydraulic resistance (R _g ) in the late and final stages of field development due to wear and tear. The task of studying the behavior of flow rates and pressures in spatio-temporal coordinates by the expression of the right side of equation (3) is solved by the description of the main method. But in the left functional part of equation (3), the fluid compressibility β _ж is noted as the aggregate of the compressibility of oil β _n (saturated with gas), as well as water β _in the pores of the reservoir and injected as a working agent. In the ongoing studies, the compressibility of water in the water-water storages is not taken into account, and then β _w ≡ β _n .

Similarly, on the basis of the second telegraph equation (2, b), the dependence for the residual oil saturation is determined in the ratio

when measurements of pressures and flow rates are supplemented by downhole moisture metering to adjust the water saturation along the left-hand side of (4), the value of residual oil saturation. In this case, the physical realizability of the results of measurements of the behavior of damped fluctuations becomes possible using passive noise metering geophysical equipment.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows an example of the initial coordinate arrangement of the non-productive sections of the CWP (a), diagrams of the linear parameters of the piezoconductivity (b) and residual oil saturation (c). The initial coordinate scheme of non-productive sections (Fig. 3, a) in one trajectory of the KVP was found by the difference in permeability coefficients on its total length in accordance with the technology of the main production method with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves (in Fig. 4 and paragraph 1 of the main method according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2628343). In this case, the initial scheme (see Fig. 3, a) consists of the rear hemispheres 1 and 2 of the injection (NS) and production (DS) wells that are not involved in the oil displacement process. A, B, and C are non-productive areas of the water-bearing zone with a fractured area, washed sandstone, and semi-fractured area, respectively. Table 1 shows the following conventions for this source circuit.

The considered localized areas are the initial object in the assessment of linear piezoelectric inductance (Fig. 3, b) and residual oil saturation (Fig. 3, b) depending on the structure of the reservoir rock (terrigenous, carbonate or clay). Based on this example, the feasibility of determining the linear piezoconductivity and oil saturation is carried out not only in the near-wellbore zones of the formation, but also in the rear hemispheres 1 and 2 NS and DS, respectively.

The physical feasibility of certain dependencies according to expressions (3) and (4) is as follows.

The pulsation (attenuation) in the excited zone of the linear piezoconductivity is determined by expression (3) as a result of downhole pressure measurements (∂p / ∂t) in real time both in the injectivity and inflow intervals. Downhole measurements of the flow rates of tracing marks in the changing spatio-temporal coordinates of the CWP, as well as the determination of the coefficients of permeability, viscosity of liquids and porosities are determined by the description of the main method and paragraph 1 of the claims (according to patent No. 2628343).

After completion of the process of delivering a portion of marks (or grouting) to the specified _{spatiotemporal} coordinate of the KVP trajectory, the research pressure _{Pss is switched} to the nominal operating pressure _Pexc KVP. As a result of this, the leading edges of transients are formed as the spatio-temporal coordinates change (see E1, Fig. 2) between alternating points 1 ÷ 4 and 5. Each such front is characterized by pulling, which is explained by the presence of the capacitive component of the linear hydraulic capacity С _g ( 4) equivalent to the converted linear parameter of the residual oil saturation.

To exclude unknown values of the functional dependence of σ _n.ocm (V _nep , V _n , σ _c ) according to expression (4), borehole measurements of flow rates of tracing marks (∂q / ∂t) in real time are used both in borehole intervals of injectivity and inflow . Downhole measurements of pressure pulsations in the changing spatial coordinates of the CWP, as well as determining the pore volume V _nep (taking into account the data of petrophysics) are determined according to claim 1 of the claims and the description of the main method (according to patent No. 2628343). Therefore, the dependence of σ _n.ocm (V _nep , V _n , σ _c ), taking into account the performance of downhole moisture metering, is related to the main linear parameters of the linear hydraulic capacity C _g (4) in the characteristic of the trailing edge of the transition process.

When determining linear values of piezoconductivity, information is the trailing edges of transients in the excited zone (see E2, Fig. 2). The point of its trajectory in the exact delivery of portions of marks (grouting) is specified with a delay time τ _s in the inertial filtering process. Moreover, the main condition for the physical realizability of the information content of measuring and computing processes is to determine the minimized values of the fluid filtration delay, when the amplitude values of the research pressures remain still the maximum value. At the end of the spatio-temporal processes in the CWP, the pulsation is damped (its collapse) in the excited zone. Thus, the ripple deviations in the spatio-temporal parameters along the different fronts of the damped transients determine the required information values of the linear conductivity and residual oil saturations.

характеризуется в данном способе интегральным частотным спектром (D_Σ), как совокупности нелинейного интегрального частотного спектра (D_н) и приближающемуся к линеаризованной его части (D_н) в виде:Each fluctuation studied

is characterized in this method by the integrated frequency spectrum (D _Σ ), as a combination of a nonlinear integrated frequency spectrum (D _n ) and approaching its linearized part (D _n ) in the form:

For the physical realizability of expression (5), borehole measurements based on passive acoustic noise metering are used (S. Batalov. Acoustic system for technical diagnostics of the parameters of an exploited oil and gas field // Control. Diagnostics - 2009. - No. 11. - P. 27-33) and manometry . In this case, the measurements of the nonlinear part of the spectrum (in the hard mode of the CWP) is characterized by large changes in the parameters of the odd harmonic components. Measurements of the linear part of the spectrum (in the flexible mode of operation of the CWP) is characterized by large changes in the parameters of the even harmonic components.

поэтому устанавливается возможность детального изучения непродуктивных участков КВП (см. фиг. 3). В их областях А, Б и С (см. фиг. 3, а) находятся различные по конфигурациям и свойствам структур непродуктивные участки. Исследования их сводятся к определению увеличения или уменьшения погонных пьезопроводностей (см. фиг. 3, б) и остаточной нефтенасыщенности (см. фиг. 3, в) относительно средних значений. Для этого в качестве проверочных средств используются базовые гидродинамические методы исследований скважин (ГДИС) при гидродинамическом прослушивании, кривых падения давлений и др.Due to the fact that the excited zones are studied with stepwise quanta of time At and space

therefore, it is possible to study in detail the unproductive sections of the KVP (see Fig. 3). In their areas A, B and C (see Fig. 3, a) there are unproductive sections with different configurations and properties of structures. Their studies are reduced to determining the increase or decrease in linear piezoconductivity (see Fig. 3, b) and residual oil saturation (see Fig. 3, c) relative to average values. For this, the basic hydrodynamic methods for well research (well test) during hydrodynamic listening, pressure drop curves, etc. are used as test tools.

The study of the desired parameters in the near-wellbore zones of the reservoir allows us to predict the oil recovery process in the cube of the production facility and in spherical areas outside it. Moreover, such studies for carbonate formations can be performed after the formation of at least three water strata, and for terrigenous strata - at least five water strata.

Thus, the method of producing formations with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves (optional) is carried out during the following sequence of operations.

In accordance with paragraph 1 of the claims and the description of the main method (according to No. 2628343), the spatial-temporal parameters of the filtration-capacitive properties of the CWP and the physicochemical properties of the fluids included in its structure are determined with multi-cycle oil recovery.

The current forecasting of linear piezoconductivity in the areas of the developed sections of the CWP is determined by the results of the measured durations of the trailing edges of transients in the hydro-pulse sub-cycles of preliminary, refined, and also determined studies.

The borehole magnitudes of the amplitude pulsations of the flow rates of tracing marks are measured according to the coordinates of the smoothed perturbed zone of the PSC in relation to the amplitude pulsations of the values of the borehole pressures to clarify the coordinates of the redirection of the displacing flows during each subsequent grouting, taking into account the noise parameters of the processes under study.

The current forecasting of the linear residual oil saturation of the oil-water condensate is determined in the converted parameters of the linear hydraulic capacity in the areas of the developed sections of the oil-water conduit by the durations in their leading front of transients during smoothing of the disturbed zone.

The borehole magnitudes of the amplitude pressure pulsations are measured according to the coordinates of the smoothed perturbed zone of the KVP in relation to the amplitude pulsations of the flow rates of tracing marks taking into account downhole moisture metering taking into account the noise parameters of the processes under study.

Various pressure fluctuations of the studies are determined in the hard mode of operation of the CEC with various nonlinearities of the integrated frequency spectra. The current forecasting of fracturing of the studied areas of the trajectories of the KVP is carried out on the basis of the readings of downhole passive noise metering.

Under the elastic mode of operation of the studied areas of the CWP, their various pressure fluctuations with different areas of the integrated spectra are determined. The current prediction of the number of imperfections in the cross sections of the current tubes in them is performed when measuring the changing linear parts of the frequency spectra.

Current forecasting of linear piezoconductivity and / or residual oil saturation in the near-wellbore zones of formations between the ends of skin factors and nearby localized areas of unproductive areas is carried out after at least three LPC trajectories are formed depending on the structure of the reservoir rock.

формируется множество параметров пластов

в технологических линейках

следующим образом. Для планируемого одного прямого

интервал перфорации нагнетательной скважины Н_нс=2461-2458,1=2,9 (м) с искусственным забоем 2467,3 м (см. Фиг. 1). Интервал перфорации добывающей скважины Н_ДС=2471,6-2468,4=3,2 (м) с искусственным забоем 2480 м; радиусы призабойной зоны скважины r=0,06 м. По данным инклинометрии протяженность между интервалами перфораций НС1 и ДС1 составляет

Определяли по данным кернов коэффициенты пористости m ≈ 0,2, проницаемости k ≈ 10-11 (м), трещиноватости k_mp ≈ 0,5, нефтенасыщенности β_он ≈ 0,7.Example 1. The feasibility of the technology in the main way. In the process of drilling and equipping wells with

many formation parameters are formed

in technological lines

in the following way. For the planned one direct

the interval of perforation of the injection well H _ns = 2461-2458.1 = 2.9 (m) with artificial slaughter 2467.3 m (see Fig. 1). The perforation interval of the producing well N _DS = 2471.6-2468.4 = 3.2 (m) with an artificial bottom of 2480 m; the radii of the bottomhole zone of the well r = 0.06 m. According to inclinometry, the length between the intervals of perforations HC1 and DS1 is

The porosity coefficients m ≈ 0.2, permeability k ≈ 10-11 (m), fracture k _mp ≈ 0.5, and oil saturation β _he ≈ 0.7 were determined from core data.

вязкости пластовой воды μ_в=1 Па×с и нефти μ_н=4 Па×с. Пластовая температура t_пл ≈ 80°С. Объемный коэффициент пластовой нефти b ≈ 1,24, пластовое давление Р_пл ≈ 16,2 МПа, коэффициент растворимости γ ≈ 78,8 м³/ м³.Defined for a variety of fluid properties

viscosity of formation water μ _in = 1 Pa × s and oil μ _n = 4 Pa × s. The reservoir temperature t _pl ≈ 80 ° C. Volumetric coefficient of reservoir oil b ≈ 1.24, reservoir pressure R _pl ≈ 16.2 MPa, solubility coefficient γ ≈ 78.8 m ³ / m ³ .

при давлении

При выходе в раннюю стадию эксплуатации пласта проводили гамма каротаж для определения соответствия скважинных интервалов перфораций их мощностям вскрываемых пластов, а также максимальные параметры щелей для нагнетательной

и добывающей

Проводили нейтронный каротаж с определением начальной нефтенасыщенности в интервалах нагнетательной

и добывающей

скважинах. Определяли минимально-допустимое значение дебита Q_min≈70 м³/сутки при минимальном давлении

а также максимально-допустимое значение дебита Q_max≈1000 м³/сутки при максимальном давлении

входящие в множество технологических линеек

Корректировали множества зависимостей

с выполнением последующих операций.Fracturing was performed in the direction from HC ₁ to DS ₁ with the formation

at pressure

When entering the early stage of formation operation, gamma-ray logging was carried out to determine the correspondence of the borehole intervals of perforations to their thicknesses of the opened formations, as well as the maximum parameters of the slots for injection

and mining

Neutron logging was performed to determine the initial oil saturation in the injection intervals

and mining

wells. Determined the minimum allowable flow rate Q _min ≈70 m ³ / day at minimum pressure

as well as the maximum allowable flow rate Q _max ≈1000 m ³ / day at maximum pressure

included in many technological lines

Corrected many dependencies

with subsequent operations.

с выполнением следующих операций контроля. Во время медленной протяжки СП вдоль скважинных интервалов перфораций измеряли дифференциальные профили притоков и приемистостей, совокупные значения которых выявляли по интегральным профилям притоков измеренных (

) свыше кровли пласта по глубине добывающей Н_ДС≈2467 (м) и приемистостей нагнетательной Н_НС≈2457 (м) скважин при величинах максимальных

и номинальных

давлениях эксплуатации

Минимальное давление эксплуатации

МПа обеспечивается при закачивании дебитов воды

The nominal value of the injectivity of the formation with a flow rate was determined

with the following control operations. During the slow pulling of the joint venture along the borehole intervals of perforations, the differential profiles of inflows and injections were measured, the aggregate values of which were revealed by the integrated profiles of the inflows measured (

) Of the roof over the reservoir depth H extractive _DS ≈2467 (m) and H _NS injectivity ≈2457 (m) wells for maximum values

and nominal

operating pressures

Minimum operating pressure

MPa is provided when pumping water flow rates

В зависимости Дюпюи-Форхгеймера для скорости фильтрации ν_ф=0,2 м/сутки и постоянстве времени прохождения трассирующих меток по траектории

уточняли при непрерывных циклах предварительных исследований и эксплуатации

его протяженность

Portions of tracer marks in the form of chlorinated water and carbonic acids were injected into the reservoir alternately after a time Δτ _q = 0.2 day together with a working agent under nominal operating pressure

Depending Dupuis-Forchheimer for the filtration rate ν _f = 0.2 m / day and the constancy of the time of passage of tracing marks along the trajectory

refined with continuous cycles of preliminary research and operation

its length

и количество тампонирующих точек для них в виде статической функции

где

,

- максимальные и минимальные величины давлений тампонирования, определяющие диапазон ΔР_Т ≈ 40 мПа; δ = 0,01% - инструментальная погрешность СП. В динамике выработки

наиболее критичным значением является давление тампонирования последней d точки

С учетом δ=0,01% шаг давления тампонирования составляет

в отличие от расчетного допустимого

Поэтому количество тампонирующих точек для всех

составляет

Из расчета 100 точек тампонирования на протяженность траектории

получается возможность реализации ψ = 20 (штук)

а значит и 20-ти поддиапазонов регулирования

выбираемых из общего диапазона от 45 мПа до 60 мПа.The number of trajectories ψ in

and the number of plugging points for them in the form of a static function

Where

,

- maximum and minimum values of plugging pressures, defining the range ΔР _T ≈ 40 MPa; δ = 0.01% - instrumental error of the joint venture. In the dynamics of production

the most critical value is the plugging pressure of the last d point

Given δ = 0.01%, the plugging pressure step is

as opposed to the calculated allowable

Therefore, the number of plugging points for all

makes up

Based on 100 plugging points per trajectory

it turns out that ψ = 20 (pieces) can be realized

and therefore 20 sub-ranges of regulation

selectable from a total range of 45 MPa to 60 MPa.

осуществляли переход к гидроимпульсному режиму предварительных исследований координат местоположения участков

в i-х циклах

за время доставки меток

через квант времени Δτ_кв=0,2 сутки под давлением эксплуатации

в равноотстоящие точки вдоль всей протяженности

через квант протяженности

В результате предварительных исследований выявлено 3 трещиноватых интервалов, задний участок первого из них в направлении от HC₁ найден в координате

а передний -

Задний участок 2-го интервала составляет

, а передний -

Задний участок 3-го интервала составляет

а передний -

После завершения импульса длительности доставки в каждом цикле фиксировали паузы импульсов в реализации номинальной эксплуатации

под давлением

At an intermediate stage of operation

made the transition to the hydro-pulse mode of preliminary studies of the coordinates of the location of the plots

in i-cycles

during delivery of tags

through a quantum of time Δτ _q = 0.2 day under operating pressure

equally spaced points along the entire length

through quantum of extent

As a result of preliminary studies, 3 fractured intervals were identified, the rear section of the first of them in the direction from HC _{1 was} found in the coordinate

and the front -

The back section of the 2nd interval is

and the front

The back section of the 3rd interval is

and the front -

After the completion of the pulse, the duration of delivery in each cycle recorded pause pulses in the implementation of nominal operation

under pressure

выполняли i циклы уточненных исследований

координат трещин и тампонирующих точек

в

за время доставки меток

под давлением

через квант протяженности

в окрестностях найденных участках

К найденным уточненным координатам участков относятся

Определяли для всех

действительное количество точек тампонирования

с учетом параметров переходного процесса η ≈ 1 с. Осуществляли проверку водонасыщенности

в зависимости Дюпюи

и корректировали параметры

в множестве технологических линеек

In the early stages of the late stage of operation

performed i cycles of refined studies

coordinates of cracks and plugging points

in

during delivery of tags

under pressure

through quantum of extent

in the vicinity of the found sites

The found adjusted coordinates of the plots include

Determined for all

actual number of plugging points

taking into account the parameters of the transient process η ≈ 1 s. Water saturation checked

according to Dupuis

and adjusted the parameters

in many technological lines

координат местоположения окрестности последней d-точки тампонирования вблизи ДС в трех подциклах под давлением

В первых двух подциклах производили доставку меток в координаты

с точками 53,9 м и 54,1 м с последующим фиксированием границы

за счет их регистрации в добывающей скважине, а в третьем подцикле - доставку меток в координату d-точки

с последующей регистрацией.At the intermediate stages of the late stage of oil recovery, the 1st cycle of additional research was carried out.

coordinates of the vicinity of the last d-plugging point near the DW in three pressure sub-cycles

In the first two subcycles, labels were delivered in coordinates

with points 53.9 m and 54.1 m followed by fixing the border

due to their registration in the production well, and in the third sub-cycle - the delivery of labels in the coordinate of the d-point

with subsequent registration.

i-точки близлежащей к

за время доставки тампонирующего материала

под давлением

завершение которого обеспечивает переход к номинальному режиму эксплуатации

под давлением

и образование первой конечной зоны

The transition to the late stages of the late stage of oil recovery was carried out, associated with the implementation of the 1st plugging cycle

i-points nearby to

during the delivery of the plugging material

under pressure

the completion of which provides a transition to the nominal operating mode

under pressure

and the formation of the first end zone

координат местоположения окрестности (d-1) точки тампонирования в трех подциклах под давлением

В первых двух подциклах производили доставку меток в координаты

с точками 45,9 м и 46,1 м с последующим фиксированием границы

за счет их регистрации в ДС, а в третьем подцикле - доставку меток в координату (d-1) точки

с последующей регистрацией. Выполняли 2-ой цикл

тампонирования (d-1) точки за время доставки тампонажа

в точку 45,8 м под давлением

завершение которого обеспечивает образование второй зоны

Completed the 2nd cycle of additional research

the location coordinates of the neighborhood (d-1) of the plugging point in three pressure sub-cycles

In the first two subcycles, labels were delivered in coordinates

with points of 45.9 m and 46.1 m followed by fixing the border

due to their registration in the DS, and in the third subcycle - delivery of labels to the coordinate (d-1) of the point

with subsequent registration. Performed the 2nd cycle

plugging (d-1) points during tampon delivery

to a point of 45.8 m under pressure

the completion of which provides the formation of the second zone

и т.д. до полной выработки рассматриваемого в примере участка пласта.For subsequent cycles, Table 2 shows the results of additional studies and grouting of the remaining two fractured areas. Obtaining these results leads to the implementation of the second

etc. until the full development of the reservoir section considered in the example.

) (разрабатваемого эксплуатационного объекта).Example 2. The feasibility of the technology in an additional way. As a result of the data obtained by the main method, examples of information by the additional method are provided. Table 3 shows the results of studies of linear piezoconductivities and residual oil saturations (according to Clause 1 and Clause 2 of the additional claims) based on agnalysis of unproductive highly permeable sections of the reservoir (

) (of the developed operational facility).

(как указано в примере 1 по описанию основного способа).In the presented table 3, the intermediate values of the studied quantities in the productive sections of the CWP are defined similarly, i.e. taking into account alternating time quanta Δt and space

(as described in example 1 according to the description of the main method).

(t) в возбуждаемых зонах КВП при жестких и упругих режимах его работы.In the implementation of paragraphs 3 and 4 of the additional claims, the data in table 4 are given based on studies of amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) for fluctuation spectra

(t) in the excited zones of the CVC under hard and elastic modes of its operation.

Due to the fact that a two-channel oscilloscope (C1-65) was used for measurements. Therefore, approximate values of the studied parameters are given.

In the implementation of Clause 5 of the additional claims, it follows that after the formation of the fifth TEC ₅ for the considered terrigenous rock of the formation, the piezoconductivity η ≈ 1.6 m / s ² and the residual oil saturation σ _{n are} determined in the near-well zone of the formation. _ost ≈ 0.09 units. share.

Thus, the determination of the current prediction of the linear filtration and reservoir properties of the productive formation during its continuous operation provides an increase in the accuracy of the cementing in each subsequent cycle of the formation of a new KVP trajectory, as well as the expediency of further development of hydrocarbon deposits.

Technical appraisal and economic advantages of the claimed object in comparison with the known methods of oil production allow to expand its functionality due to the most complete development of productive layers of oil and gas fields.

Claims (3)

1. A method of producing reservoirs with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves, including preliminary determination according to inclinometry of the lengths of the zones of the opened reservoir between each pair of wells and the formation of technological lines of the functions of the parameters of the reservoirs and fluids, hydraulic fracturing between pairs of operating wells with the formation of direct and cross channels of production, gamma and neutron logs in the study of borehole zones of perforations, the implementation of continuous hydro-pulse studies of fractured sections under nominal and maximum operating pressures when pumping portions of marks, determining the number of plugging points as a function of the static characteristics of the parameters of the production channels, determining crack studies and plugging of the crack sections in the pressure ranges between hydraulic fracturing and operating pressures until the second production channel appears, introducing a refinement research mode, determination of the number of plugging points as a function of the dynamic characteristics of the reservoir channels - KVP and opi drawing down deep flows taking into account the coordinates of the water cut front of the formation, conducting preliminary studies when the fluid movement to the water cut front in the tenth of the length of the production channel is described by the Boussinesq relationship, and after it by the Dupuis-Forchheimer dependence and similarly refine the studies when to the water cut front in the middle the lengths of the production channel use the Poisel dependence, carry out the mode of additional research, when the leading front of the water cut reaches 5/6 hours and a production channel with a description of the nonlinear part by the Dupuis-Forchheimer relationship, and the delivery of marks and plugging materials is expressed by the Poisezel dependence until the reservoir is fully developed, inter-crack sections are plugged taking into account the constancy of the cross-section profiles of the production channels, with high-viscosity fluids, the delivery of marks and plugging materials with solvents in the fissure intervals confirm the increase in oil content of the producing well, and the movement of materials is described by the Poisson dependence, and oil recovery begins they are separated from the cross channels of reservoir development, characterized in that the durations of the trailing edges of the transient processes of the hydro-pulse research sub-cycles are determined, according to which the current linear piezoconductivities in the PIC areas are predicted based on the results of borehole measurements of the amplitude pulsations of the flow rates of tracing marks and the coordinates of the disturbed PIC zone in relation to the amplitude pulsations of the measured downhole pressures, while additionally predicting residual oil saturation in the interzone areas of the oil well, starting about tons of skin-zonal endings and nearby endings of localized regions of unproductive sections in the direction of the zones of fluid inflow, for which each of these regions forms at least three redirection of fluid flows in carbonate formations and at least five in terrigenous formations. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that it additionally predicts the interzonal residual oil saturation of the oil and gas fields in transient studies and their nominal operation to the coordinate of the collapse fluctuation point, for which a comparative control of pressure and noise spectra from the side of injections and tributaries is performed, control the ratio of linear oil saturation and piezoconductivity for the fluctuations themselves in the spatio-temporal parameters of the coordinates studied. 3. The method according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that it further predicts the heterogeneity of the zonal areas of the CWP, for which form a control of clumping fluctuations in the transient process of the hard regime of reservoir studies with respect to its elastic mode of operation in the coordinates of various sections of the current tubes along the paths of the channels working out.

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