RU2703919C1 - Muzzle device of small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: muzzle device of small arms includes housing with installed in it: centering element, separator bushing and separator with bullet channel consisting of serially arranged elements forming expansion chambers. Between the centering element and the separator bushing in the housing there is a preliminary chamber, in which at least one partition with a bullet channel is rigidly installed, which is in contact with the inner surface of the case of the muzzle device. Partitions are arranged in series and made in the form of cylindrical plates with flats.

EFFECT: higher durability of muzzle device, lower temperature, speed of movement and pressure of powder gases, reduced fire and arcing during firing.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to small arms, in particular, to muzzle devices of small arms.

Known silencer Kalashnikov Reflex Suppressor KRS (http://guns.connect.fi/rs/krsgraaf.html), comprising a housing with a fastener for attaching to a weapon fastener, a separator consisting of a number of partitions in the form of nozzle nozzles forming expansion chambers , and a preliminary expansion chamber formed between the housing and the separator.

A known device for silent and flameless firing from a 7.62 mm modernized Kalashnikov assault rifle (AKM and AKMS) PBS-1 (http://www.ak-info.ru/joomla/index.php/devices/14-pbs/35 -pbs1), comprising a housing with a sleeve for attaching to a weapon, a separator consisting of a series of partitions in the form of nozzle nozzles and a rubber replaceable sleeve.

The disadvantages of these solutions are:

- fiery and sparking when firing standard cartridges with supersonic initial bullet velocity;

- large dimensions and weight;

- the inability to conduct continuous firing with single shots and, in particular, bursts of shots due to reduced efficiency and the possibility of malfunction of the muzzle device due to its excessive heating.

Known muzzle device (RF patent No. 2345305 from 09/20/2006, IPC F41A 21/30, F41A 21/32), selected as the closest analogue, containing a housing with installed in it: a centering element, a separator and separator sleeve with a bullet channel, consisting from successively arranged elements forming expansion chambers between themselves and the wall of the housing.

The disadvantage of this device is the low survivability due to the impact of a stream of powder gases on the separator with the elements installed in it, especially when firing in a continuous burst.

The technical task of the invention is to increase survivability and improve operational characteristics, namely, reducing sound pressure levels, reducing the flame of a shot.

The technical result consists in reducing the impact on the separator of a stream of powder gases due to the installation of baffles in the preliminary chamber, thereby increasing the survivability of the muzzle device, as well as due to a decrease in temperature, speed and pressure of the powder gases in the preliminary chamber, and then in expansion combustion chambers of unburned powder particles in the barrel, which leads to a decrease in flame and sparking during firing.

This object is achieved in that the muzzle device of small arms comprises a housing with a centering element, a separator sleeve, and a separator with a bullet channel consisting of successive elements forming expansion chambers installed therein. A preliminary chamber is formed between the centering element and the separator sleeve in the housing, in which at least one partition with a bullet channel in contact with the inner surface of the barrel of the muzzle device is rigidly installed. The partitions are arranged in series and are made in the form of cylindrical plates with flats. Partitions are installed with an angular displacement α relative to each other, proportional to the number of partitions.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - General view of the muzzle device;

in FIG. 2 is a 3D sectional view of a muzzle device;

in FIG. 3 - general view of the partition;

in FIG. 4 - AA in figure 1 - an option for the location of partitions;

in FIG. 5 - general view of the body;

in FIG. 6 is a general view of a muzzle device mounted on a weapon.

The muzzle device consists of a housing 1 with located in it: the centering element 2, the separator 3 and the separator sleeve 4. The separator 3 is made with a bullet channel 5 and consists of sequentially arranged elements 6. In this case, the elements 6 can be made of any configuration. Each previous and subsequent elements 6, and the wall of the housing 1 form expansion chambers 7, where there is a further decrease in the speed of powder gases, their intensive cooling and burning of unburned particles of gunpowder. Moreover, in the housing 1 between the centering element 2 and the separator sleeve 4, a preliminary chamber 8 is formed. In the preliminary chamber 8, partitions 9 are installed (Fig. 1). The housing 1 is made of a cylindrical shape with a central hole 10 and a protrusion 11 in the front of the housing for the stop of the separator 3 (Fig. 5). The housing 1 serves to accommodate and relative orientation of all parts of the muzzle device. The centering element 2 is made in the form of a cylindrical part with a central hole 12. The centering element 2 is rigidly fixed in the housing 1 and is used for installation on the weapon, centering the muzzle device relative to the barrel of the weapon and fixing the muzzle device. The centering element 2 forms the rear wall of the preliminary chamber 8 (Fig. 1).

Partitions 9 are made in the form of round plates with flats 13 and a bullet channel 14 (Fig. 3). The partitions 9 are rigidly fixed in the preliminary chamber 8. The partitions 9 are installed in series and are in contact with the Central hole 10 of the housing 1. The partitions 9 are located with an angular offset relative to each other. Partitions 9 serve to dissect the jet of powder gases and mix them in order to reduce speed, temperature and pressure. The angular displacement α of the partitions 9 relative to each other is proportional to the number of partitions 9 (Fig. 4). For example, for weapons under high-power ammunition, or for a weapon with a shortened barrel, characterized by high muzzle pressure, a larger number of baffles installed with a smaller angular displacement is required for more efficient cutting of the powder gas stream.

The separator sleeve 4 is a rotation body with a central hole 15 and a supporting surface 16 for interacting with the separator 3. The sleeve 4 is rigidly fixed in the housing 1, fixing the separator 3 from longitudinal movement, while the sleeve 4 forms the front wall of the preliminary chamber 8 of the muzzle device, which perceives the shock load from the stream of powder gases, preventing plastic deformation of the elements 6 of the separator.

The separator 3 is installed in front of the housing 1 and abuts against the protrusion 11 of the housing. The diameters of the bullet channel 5, 14, the central holes 12, 15 are made larger than the caliber of the bullet cartridge used in weapons on which the proposed muzzle device is installed (Fig. 2).

It is advisable that the centering element 2, the separator sleeve 4, the partitions 9 and the wall of the housing 1 are thick-walled in the vicinity of the preliminary chamber 8, which allows heat to be accumulated and removed efficiently, as well as the elements 6 of the separator 3 and the wall of the housing 1 in the region of the separator 3 are thin-walled to reduce weight muzzle device.

The muzzle device is fixed on the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon or on the muzzle attachment, fixedly mounted on the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon, by any known method, for example, using a threaded connection or bayonet connection.

Consider one of the best options, obtained experimentally, to make a muzzle device for a Kalashnikov assault rifle of 5.45 mm caliber, with the number of partitions n = 3 pcs., The angular pitch α = 120º (Fig. 4, Fig. 6).

When fired, the bullet flies unhindered through the muzzle device. Powder gases, being under pressure, when they enter the preliminary chamber 8 expand, while their flow is dissected by partitions 9, dividing the preliminary chamber 9 into separate compartments. Powder gases flow from compartment to compartment through the bullet channel 14 of the partitions 9 and the openings formed by flats 13 of the partitions 9 and the inner wall of the housing 1, which leads to intensive mixing of the powder gases inside the preliminary chamber 8. This reduces the temperature, speed and pressure of the powder gases, and also allows to burn powder particles that are not burnt in the barrel, which leads to a decrease in flame and sparking during firing. The stream of powder gases not broken by the partitions 9 hits the bushing 4 of the separator 3 and loses speed. Next, the powder gases through the Central hole 15 in the sleeve 4 of the separator flow into the separator 3, where when moving through the sequentially arranged elements 6 of the separator 3, cooling and reduction of the speed and pressure of the powder gases occur. In this case, the separator sleeve 4 protects the elements 6 of the separator 3 from excessive pressure and temperature, which allows to reduce the wall thickness of these elements, and thus reduce the mass of the separator 3 and, accordingly, the muzzle device.

Thus, the proposed design of the muzzle device of small arms allows to increase the survivability of the muzzle device, to reduce the sound pressure and flame of the shot both in single shot and in automatic shooting, including a continuous burst, while maintaining acceptable weight and size parameters of the muzzle device.

Claims (3)

1. The muzzle device of a small arms, comprising a housing with a centering element, a separator bushing and a separator with a bullet channel consisting of successive elements forming expansion chambers, characterized in that a preliminary chamber is formed between the centering element and the separator bushing in the housing , in which at least one partition with a bullet channel in contact with the inner surface of the barrel of the muzzle device is rigidly installed. 2. The muzzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions are arranged in series and are made in the form of cylindrical plates with flats. 3. The muzzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions are installed with an angular displacement α relative to each other, proportional to the number of partitions.

Images