RU2799745C1 - Device for flow separation of multi-component medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cryogenic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for separating a multicomponent medium. The branch pipe for supplying the flow of a multicomponent medium is located tangentially with respect to the conical screw, which is made of a three-start screw with a variable winding pitch of the blades. The cavity of the screw is connected with the cavity of the condensate collection tank and opens into the internal cavity of the cylindrical section of the profiled channel. The confuser section of said channel is made two-stage. The inner surface of the first stage is equidistant to the outer surface of the conical screw. The second stage is made in the form of a transition with rounded sections of cylindrical surfaces of a larger diameter into cylindrical surfaces of a smaller diameter. The drop and/or solid particle sampling unit comprises a profiled sleeve having at least outer conical and cylindrical surfaces connected to each other with an end ledge. Said outlet part of the channel is made conical in the form of a diffuser, covering with an annular gap the outer surface of said profiled sleeve. The inner cavity of said sleeve is made of at least successive cylindrical, diffuser and cylindrical sections and is connected to the outlet channel, made inside a hollow body, mainly a rotation body, containing internal diffuser and cylindrical sections and installed in the hollow body. On the outer surface of the profiled sleeve, a droplet stopper is made, located in front of the inlet to the condensate drain pipe.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the separation process.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to cryogenic engineering, namely to devices for separating a multicomponent medium, including natural reservoir gas, and can be used to separate the liquid fraction of hydrocarbon gases - propane and butane and heavier C ₅₊ hydrocarbons from the total natural gas flow.

A device for separating a multicomponent medium is known, which includes a prechamber with a means of swirling the flow of the medium installed in it, a nozzle channel for separation connected to the prechamber and a droplet and / or solid particles selection unit, a separation channel containing a confuser, a diffuser and a cylindrical section located between them, the cylindrical section having a generatrix length of more than 0.1D, where D is the diameter of the cylindrical section, while the diffuser section is made with an annular ledge in the form of a step, the plane of which is located perpendicular to the channel axis to reduce the level of pulsation in the flow and, as a result, increase the separation efficiency and reduce the loss of the total pressure of the medium flow. (Patent RF No. 2538992 C1, 2015, application 2013146614/06 dated 10/18/2013, IPC: F25J 3/00).

A multicomponent gas flow enters the prechamber with a flow swirling device installed in it, after which the flow swirls and enters the confuser (tapering) section and, further, into the critical section - a cylindrical section of constant cross section, in which there is a sharp increase in the flow velocity, after which the gas expands in the diffuser and the liquid fraction of impurities in the form of drops is released into the near-wall layer, and due to the annular ledge, the end plane of which is perpendicular to the channel axis, the position of the jump zone is stabilized seals and separation zones. The separated gas flow enters the central diffuser-collector, and the liquid fraction enters the selection unit at the periphery of the separation nozzle channel.

The disadvantages of this design are the inability to ensure the operation of the separator under changing technological operating conditions during field development, including those associated with a drop in reservoir pressure and gas flow, the absence of a high-speed fluid flow in the liquid fraction selection unit, which provides guaranteed quick discharge of fluid into the collection manifold, low flow swirling efficiency, as well as significant flow pulsations at supersonic speed caused by the presence of direct shock waves.

A device for separating the components of a flow of a multicomponent medium is known, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a profiled flow supply channel made in it. The channel includes a confuser, a diffuser and, located between them, a cylindrical section. In the confuser section of the profiled flow supply channel, a means for swirling the medium flow in the form of a conical screw is installed, while inside the specified swirling device, a back profiled central body is installed with the possibility of axial movement into the cylindrical section of the mentioned channel, made in the form of a cylinder with a profiled conical outlet part, and the surface of the conical outlet part is equidistant from the surface of the specified confuser section of the channel. In the outlet pipe, in the outlet part of the diffuser channel section with an annular gap between the inner surface of the diffuser channel and the inner surface of the outlet pipe to form an annular cavity, a hollow cone is installed, and the said cavity is connected to the cavity of the droplets and/or solid particles selection unit and the cavity formed by the inlet section, preferably cylindrical (patent RU 2731448 C1, 2020, application: No. 2020 107561 dated 02/20/2020, IPC: F25J 3/00, F15D 1/02, IPC: F25J 3/00, F15D 1/025 - prototype).

The disadvantages of the known device are the negative impact of the introduction of a profiled central body into the cylindrical section of the channel on the design mode of operation of the separation device, the creation of additional resistance along the pre-swirling flow and the subsequent decrease in the separation efficiency of the multicomponent medium by introducing the recirculation line directly into the cylindrical section of the nozzle channel, the low efficiency of the flow swirling, as well as significant flow pulsations at supersonic speed caused by the presence of direct shock waves.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages and create a device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium, in which the swirl of the flow is carried out with greater efficiency and during which there is no need to introduce a profiled central body into the nozzle apparatus, there are no additional resistance to the flow of the multicomponent medium, as well as significant flow pulsations at supersonic speeds that have a negative impact on the design mode of operation of the device for separation.

The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium, containing a hollow body with a branch pipe for supplying a flow of a multicomponent medium and branch pipes for removing a purified medium and condensate, with a profiled flow supply channel made in it with a confuser, a diffuser and a cylindrical section located between them, a device for swirling the flow of the medium, made in the form of a conical screw installed in the confuser part of the channel, the droplets and / or solid particles selection unit with a condensate collection tank, according to the invention, the branch pipe for supplying a flow of a multicomponent medium is located tangentially with respect to the conical screw, while the conical screw is made three-start with a variable winding pitch of the blades, and the winding step decreases from the inlet to the outlet, a channel is made in the conical screw, the cavity of which is connected with the cavity of the condensate collection tank and opens into the internal cavity of the cylindrical section of the profiled flow supply channel, while the confuser section of the said channel is made, along at least two-stage, wherein the inner surface of the first stage of the confusing section is equidistant to the outer surface of the conical screw, while the second stage of the confusing section is made in the form of a transition with rounded sections of cylindrical surfaces of a larger diameter into cylindrical surfaces of a smaller diameter, the channel of a smaller diameter contains the said cylindrical section, while the droplet and/or solid particle selection unit contains a profiled sleeve having at least outer conical and cylindrical surfaces connected to each other with a torus end ledge, and installed with a smaller diameter of the conical surface in the outlet part of the mentioned cylindrical channel of smaller diameter, while the said outlet part of the channel is made conical in the form of a diffuser, covering with an annular gap the outer surface of the specified profiled bushing, while the inner cavity of the said bushing is made of at least sequentially arranged cylindrical, diffuser and cylindrical sections and is connected to the outlet channel, made inside a hollow body, mainly of rotation, containing internal diffuser and cylindrical ie sections and installed in a hollow body, while on the outer surface of the mentioned profiled bushing there is a drop stopper located in front of the inlet to the condensate drain pipe.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the claimed device; in fig. 2 - remote element A - section of the body in the part of the conical screw; in fig. 3 - remote element B - section of the body in the part of the connection of the profiled bushing and the outlet part of the cylindrical channel; in fig. 4 is a left side view of a device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium; in fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 - results of numerical simulation of the internal cavity of the proposed device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium.

The proposed device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium contains a hollow body 1 with a branch pipe for inlet 2 of the flow of a multicomponent medium and branch pipes for the removal of a purified medium 3 and condensate 4, with a profiled flow supply channel made in it with a confuser 5, a diffuser 6 and cylindrical sections 7 located between them. The device for swirling the flow of the medium is made in the form of a conical screw 8 installed in the confuser part of the channel. The housing contains a node 9 selection of drops and/or solid particles with a condensate collection tank (not shown). The branch pipe for inlet 2 of the flow of a multicomponent medium is located tangentially with respect to the conical screw 8. The conical screw 8 is made three-way with a variable winding pitch of the blades, and the winding pitch decreases from the inlet to the outlet. In the conical screw 8, a channel 10 is made, the cavity of which is connected with the cavity of the condensate collection tank and opens into the inner cavity of the cylindrical section 7 of the profiled flow supply channel. The confusing section 5 of said channel is made at least two-stage, and the inner surface of the first stage of the confusing section is equidistant to the outer surface of the conical screw 8, while the second stage of the confusing section is made in the form of a transition with rounded sections of cylindrical surfaces of a larger diameter into cylindrical surfaces of a smaller diameter, and the channel of a smaller diameter contains the said cylindrical section, which allows for uniform swirling of the flow with a high peripheral near-wall density.

The unit for collecting drops of moisture and/or solid particles contains a profiled sleeve having at least outer conical 11 and cylindrical 12 surfaces connected to each other with an end ledge. The sleeve is installed with a smaller diameter of the conical surface in the outlet part 13 of the said cylindrical channel of smaller diameter. Said outlet part 13 of the channel is made conical in the form of a diffuser, covering with an annular gap the outer surface of said profiled sleeve. The inner cavity of said sleeve is connected to the outlet channel 14, made inside a hollow body 15, mainly of rotation, containing internal diffuser and cylindrical sections and installed in a hollow body. On the outer surface of the said profiled bushing, a drip stopper 16 is made, located in front of the inlet to the condensate outlet pipe 4.

The proposed device works as follows.

The proposed device is installed in the multicomponent medium supply line for its separation. The separated multicomponent medium through the inlet pipe 2, located tangentially with respect to the conical screw 8, enters the hollow body 1 onto the conical screw 8. Passing through the conical screw 8, the multicomponent medium swirls, while liquid particles in the form of drops and/or solid particles present in the multicomponent medium are thrown to the peripheral part of the flow. Due to the fact that the conical screw is made with a variable pitch, and the pitch of the winding of the blades decreases from the inlet part of the screw to its outlet part, the flow of the multicomponent medium is accelerated. Next, the flow of the multicomponent medium enters the cylindrical part 7 of the channel, where there is a further increase in its speed to a value higher than the speed of sound in this medium.

The accelerated flow enters the droplets and/or solids collection unit containing a profiled sleeve having at least external conical 11 and cylindrical 12 surfaces connected to each other with an end ledge. The sleeve is installed with a smaller diameter of the conical surface in the outlet part 13 of the said cylindrical channel of smaller diameter. Said outlet part 13 of the channel is made conical in the form of a diffuser, covering with an annular gap the outer surface of said profiled sleeve. The central part of the flow of a multicomponent medium, which does not contain drops and/or solid particles, enters the cavity of the sleeve and goes further to the outlet channel 14, where, due to the presence of several channel extensions in the form of successively located diffusers, there is a smooth decrease in the speed of the purified flow, a decrease in pulsations and its stabilization due to a system of oblique shock waves. Then the purified flow is diverted for further use into the outlet branch pipe of the purified medium 3. The peripheral part of the flow of the multicomponent medium containing drops and/or solid particles enters the annular gap, made in the form of a diffuser between the outlet part of the channel and the sleeve, slows down, and the drops and/or solid particles contained in it drain or fall into the body cavity and are removed through the outlet pipe 4 of the condensate. Drops of liquid and/or solid particles that have not lost their kinetic energy after passing through the diffuser fall on the drop baffle 16, slow down, then flow down the baffle, fall into the condensate outlet pipe 4 and are removed from the internal weave of the housing 1 for further use.

The presence in the conical screw 8 of the channel 10, the cavity of which is connected with the cavity of the condensate collection tank and opens into the inner cavity of the cylindrical section of the profiled flow supply channel, makes it possible to recirculate part of the gas taken through the condensate outlet pipe 4 in order to increase the efficiency of the separation process.

An example of practical implementation. The applicant and the authors performed numerical simulation of the operating modes of the proposed device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium in the ANSYS CFX program. The results of the calculations fully confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions laid down.

The use of the proposed technical solution will make it possible to create a device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium, in which the swirl of the flow is carried out with high efficiency, the separation takes place without the introduction of a profiled central body into the nozzle apparatus, there are no additional resistance to the flow of the multicomponent medium, direct shock waves, as well as significant flow pulsations at supersonic speeds that have a negative impact on the design mode of operation of the separation device.

Claims (1)

A device for separating the flow of a multicomponent medium, comprising a hollow body with a branch pipe for supplying a flow of a multicomponent medium and branch pipes for removing a purified medium and condensate, with a profiled flow supply channel made in it with a confuser, diffuser and cylindrical sections located between them, a device for swirling the flow of the medium, made in the form of a conical screw installed in the confuser part of the channel, a droplet and/or solid particle selection unit with a condensate collection tank, which differs the fact that the branch pipe for supplying the flow of a multicomponent medium is located tangentially with respect to the conical screw, while the conical screw is made three-start with a variable winding pitch of the blades, and the winding pitch decreases from the inlet to the outlet, in the conical screw there is a channel, the cavity of which is connected with the cavity of the condensate collection tank and opens into the internal cavity of the cylindrical section of the profiled flow supply channel, while the confusing section of the said channel is made at least two-stage, moreover, the inner surface of the first stage of the confusing section is equidistant to the outer surface of the conical screw, while the second stage of the confusing section is made in the form of a transition with rounded sections of cylindrical surfaces of a larger diameter into cylindrical surfaces of a smaller diameter, moreover, the channel of a smaller diameter contains the said cylindrical section, while the droplet and / or solid particles selection unit contains a profiled sleeve having at least outer conical and cylindrical surfaces connected to each other with an end ledge, and installed with a smaller diameter conical surface in the outlet part of said cylindrical channel of smaller diameter, while said outlet part of the channel is made conical in the form of a diffuser, covering with an annular gap the outer surface of the said profiled bushing, while the inner cavity of said bushing is made of at least sequentially arranged cylindrical, diffuser and cylindrical sections and is connected to the outlet channel, made inside a hollow body, mainly of rotation, containing internal diffuser and cylindrical sections and installed in a hollow body, while on The outer surface of said profiled bushing is provided with a drop stopper located in front of the inlet to the condensate drain pipe.