RU2776187C1 - Gas engine with short piston stroke for 6p70 submachine gun - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas engines.

SUBSTANCE: gas engine with a short piston stroke for a 6P70 submachine gun contains a gas piston, a bolt carrier, a gas tube with a variable inner diameter, an insert limiting the movement of the gas piston, and a return spring of the gas piston. The gas piston and the bolt carrier are made independently of each other. The gas piston is movable inside the gas tube.

EFFECT: increasing the accuracy of automatic fire and reducing the area of ​​dispersion due to a decrease in the amplitude of oscillations of the gas engine.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to firearms, in particular to the design of small arms automatic weapons, and can be used as a system that increases the accuracy of automatic fire, reduces spread, recoil during firing.

At the moment, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are armed with a large number of Kalashnikov assault rifles of various modifications, which have shown their worth, but nevertheless have a number of drawbacks, one of which is the accuracy of automatic fire, which is low (see the article “AK against M16-eternal dispute ”collection“ Military Review ”04/06/2011), due to the excess mass of the bolt carrier with a gas piston, their length, the movement of which during firing (especially in bursts) causes strong vibrations of the weapon, which negatively affects the accuracy of automatic fire. Consider analogues of the presented invention.

An invention is known that relates to the field of automatic and self-loading small arms, in particular to the design of automation engines, the operation of which is based on the removal of powder gases through a hole in the barrel wall. The automation engine contains a gas chamber with a piston and a gas pipeline, including a gas outlet in the barrel wall, connecting the barrel channel with the gas chamber. In the automation engine, the gas outlet is made in the area of the bullet inlet of the barrel bore, while in the cross section the gas pipeline is made tangentially to the gas chamber, and in the longitudinal section at an angle >90° to the axis of the barrel bore.

The main disadvantages of the invention is the inability to compensate for the recoil momentum when conducting automatic fire from individual small arms, as a result, it does not allow to increase the accuracy of fire.

An invention is known, which is a gas exhaust engine contains a barrel, a gas cylinder with a piston, a gas exhaust pipe and a gas exhaust device. The vent tube is fixed on the vent device, and its connection to the gas cylinder is provided with a bushing, which is configured to axially move the vent tube inside the bushing by an amount exceeding the linear elongation of the tube when heated by shooting. The sleeve is fixed on the gas cylinder and is made of a material with a coefficient of linear expansion greater than that of the material of the gas outlet tube. The gas outlet device is made in the form of a muzzle or a gas coupling.

The disadvantage of the invention is the complication of the gas engine design and, as a result, the loss of reliability when it is implemented on automatic small arms, as well as the insufficient reduction in the recoil momentum, which directly affects the accuracy of combat.

Known "Gas engine automatic weapons with the removal of gases from the muzzle of the barrel", in which the muzzle is connected to the gas cylinder gas (vent) tube. In small arms, especially in automatic and sniper weapons, the most important thing is weight, accuracy and accuracy of combat. To obtain good results in accuracy, the influence of the automation on the barrel is reduced, for which it is hung out on a cantilever, the removal of powder gases is carried forward so that the rollback of moving parts begins after the bullet leaves the bore, and the gas outlet tube is made thin-walled and without intermediate contact with the barrel.

The disadvantage of the above design is the influence of the vent tube on the barrel when they are heated by firing and cooling after firing.

A device is known for the gas regulator of the speed of rollback of the moving parts of the shutter, implemented in the Beretta AL390 gun, containing a gas cylinder with outlet holes for discharging gases connected to the bore through a gas outlet channel, a valve spring-loaded with a coil spring locked by a cap.

The disadvantage of the known device is the excessive complexity of its manufacture, a low increase in the accuracy of automatic fire, low reliability during intensive use of individual small arms.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages, increase the accuracy of automatic fire, reduce the area of dispersion of bullets by reducing the mass of moving parts, their length and, as a result, reduce vibrations of the moving parts of automation during firing, while maintaining reliability and simplicity of design.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: Fig. 1 - automatic machine index 6P70 in the context of a realized gas engine with a short piston stroke; fig. 2 - bolt carrier; fig. 3 - gas piston; fig. 4 - insert-limiter of the gas piston; fig. 5 - gas tube in section with a variable inner diameter; fig. 6 - return spring of the gas piston; fig. 7 - gas chamber in section with the limiter insert installed and the gas piston in the front extreme position.

The invention, implemented as a set of elements, is a gas engine with a short piston stroke for a 6P70 submachine gun, which consists of: a gas piston - 1, a bolt carrier - 2, a limiter insert - 3, a gas piston return spring - 4, a gas tube - 5.

The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of automatic fire and reduce the area of dispersion by reducing the amplitude of oscillations of the gas engine. This technical result is achieved by using a gas engine with a short piston stroke, due to the use of a gas piston - 1 (figure 3) and a bolt carrier - 2 (figure 2), which are implemented independent of each other, this makes it possible to reduce the oscillation amplitude of the gas engine by reducing its length and weight due to the lack of a gas piston during the entire period of operation of the automation. As a result, there is a decrease in the recoil momentum and oscillations by reducing the mass (with a piston - 415 g, without a piston - 363 g) and reducing the length (with a piston - 338 mm, without a piston - 200 mm) of the bolt frame - 2, and by independent work of the gas piston - 3 in front of the weapon, which partially compensates for the work of the bolt carrier in the rear of the weapon. The perturbations created by the operation of the proposed gas engine are 1.4 times less than the perturbations of a standard gas engine.

The bolt frame and gas piston in standard models move in the receiver at a speed of ± 6 m / s, striking in the extreme forward and rear positions, which leads to jerking of individual small arms and affects the accuracy of firing, and due to a decrease in the length of the bolt frame and its mass makes it possible to reduce the momentum of recoil and vibrations, and the work of the gas piston in the front of the weapon partially compensates for the momentum of the bolt carrier in the rear of the weapon. All this together allows you to increase the accuracy of firing and reduce the area of dispersion. The shutter frame 2, made without a gas piston 3, as a result of which a reduction in its mass and length is achieved, which reduces the longitudinal oscillation of the gas engine during operation. The work of the gas piston - 1 only in the front of the weapon partially compensates for the impact of the bolt frame in the rearmost position, and together reduces the oscillation of the weapon. The use of the insert-limiter - 3 shown in figure 4 in two projections, allows you to limit the movement of the gas piston in the front end position. The gas tube - 5 shown in figure 5 is implemented with a variable inner diameter, inside which the gas piston - 1 moves with the return spring of the gas piston - 4 installed on it, which returns it to its extreme forward position, as a result of which the gas piston - 1 works in the front position. The figure 7 shows a gas chamber with a liner-limiter installed in it - 3, which prevents the gas piston from entering the gas chamber - 6 and blocking the gas outlet channel - 7.

The operation of a regular gas engine is as follows: when fired, the powder gases exit the barrel through the gas outlet channel - 7 into the gas chamber - 6, create pressure on the gas piston rigidly fixed in the bolt carrier, as a result of which the bolt carrier with the gas piston begins to move performing automatic operation cycle consisting of rollback and rolling of moving parts.

During the rollback, the bolt carrier with a gas piston unlocks the bore, removes the spent cartridge case, deflects the spent cartridge case, cocks the trigger, and strikes in the rearmost position.

During rollback, the bolt carrier removes the cartridge from the magazine, feeds the cartridge into the chamber, and locks the bore.

The application of the proposed invention, implemented in the form of a set of parts for a gas engine with a short piston stroke, is installed on an automatic machine of the 6P70 index by simply replacing the standard elements with elements of the proposed gas engine during an incomplete disassembly of the machine, then it is assembled in the reverse order and is ready for use.

The operation of a gas engine with a short piston stroke for an automatic machine of the 6P70 index occurs similarly to the operation of a regular gas engine, except that during the rollback, the gas piston - 1, under the influence of the pressure of powder gases, moves back and pushes the bolt frame - 2, however, under the influence of a return spring the gas piston - 4 returns to its extreme forward position, partially compensating for the disturbances created by the bolt carrier - 2 during operation with its work in the front of the weapon. At the same time, the bolt carrier - 2, having received an impulse, with a backward movement produces a complete mechanism for the operation of automation. However, due to the smaller length and mass (due to the absence of a gas piston), the disturbances created by its operation are much lower - 1.4 times less than the fluctuations in the longitudinal axis of the bolt frame.

Thus, the proposed invention makes it possible to increase the accuracy of automatic fire, reduce the area of dispersion of bullets by reducing the mass of moving parts, their length and, as a result, reducing the vibrations of moving parts of automation during firing, while maintaining reliability and simplicity of design.

List of sources used:

1. The article “AK vs. M16 is an eternal dispute”, the collection “Military Review” 04/06/2011

2. Manual for the 5.45-MM Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK74, AKS74, AK74N, AKS74N) and the 5.45-MM Kalashnikov machine gun (RPK74, RPKS74, RPK74N, RPKS74N), Military Publishing House, Moscow, 1984

3. RF patent RU No. 2203464, IPC F41A 5/18, publ. 01/16/2001

4. RF patent RU No. 2569433 C1, IPC F41A 5/18, publ. November 27, 2015

5. RF patent RU No. 2046265, IPC F41A 5/18, publ. October 20, 1995

6. Magazine "SAFARI" No. 1 (2), Winter 2000, p. 98-99.

Claims (1)

A gas engine with a short stroke of the gas piston for a 6P70 submachine gun, consisting of a gas piston, a bolt carrier, a limiter insert, a gas piston return spring, a gas tube, characterized in that a gas piston and a bolt carrier are used, made independently of each other, gas a tube with a variable inner diameter inside which the gas piston moves, an insert-limiter of the gas piston movement, made with the ability to prevent the gas piston from entering the gas chamber and blocking the gas outlet channel, the return spring of the gas piston, which allows you to return the gas piston to its extreme forward position, installed on the gas piston.

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