RU2770063C1 - Device for purification of waste water from oils, petroleum, petroleum products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil, gas and coke-chemical industry.

SUBSTANCE: device is intended for water treatment from oils, petroleum, petroleum products, lubricating-cooling liquids (LCL) and can be used in machine building, instrument making, at enterprises of oil refining and petrochemical industry. Device comprises tank, purified water supply branch pipe, reflector, purified water discharge branch pipe, contaminated water collection system using closed belt of fibre-porous cellular material (FPCM) moving along rollers and regeneration with squeezing, in which in the regeneration tank there are ultrasonic radiators located in pairs and forming a flat slot for passage of the FPCM belt, there is a water level controller made in the form of a lever-piston system with an iris diaphragm and automatic control of water drain, and the waste water supply branch pipe has a diffuser section in front of the reflector.

EFFECT: higher quality of water purification from oils, petroleum, petroleum products both due to more complete regeneration of the FPCM belt and automatic control of the water level in the tank.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The device is designed to clean industrial wastewater from oils, oil, oil products, cutting fluids (coolants) and can be used in mechanical engineering, instrumentation, oil refining and petrochemical industries.

Devices are known for removing floating pollutants (oils, coolants, oil products, etc.) from the surface of wastewater, united by the common name "oil traps". Various schemes and designs of oil traps are given in the book. Timonin A.S. "Engineering and environmental reference book". T. 2. - Kaluga, publishing house N. Bochkareva, 2003. - 884 p. On fig. 1.28 (p. 424) and in fig. 1.30 (p. 427) shows the schemes of horizontal single- and multi-tier oil traps with mechanical removal of floating pollutants using scraper conveyors. The purification efficiency is ~0.62 (without the addition of reagents). Recently, the use of various floating loads made of polymeric materials, which have a number of attractive properties (mechanical strength, chemical resistance, high porosity, high active free surface), has become widespread. Such properties are possessed by fibrous-porous cellular materials (VPM), expanded polystyrene. Such materials after the complete exhaustion of their absorption capacity are subject to regeneration by mechanical extraction. The use of such material is given in the device "Device for the purification of wastewater from oils, oil and oil products", (utility model patent No. 71113, bull. No. 6 dated February 27, 2008). In this device, a fabric made of HPCM absorbing material in the form of an endless annular tape moves along the frames on the surface of the treated water and absorbs the oils and oil products that are present. After the tape exits the pollutant absorption zone, it moves along the rollers to the regeneration tank, where it is subjected to a crimping mechanical effect. This device is accepted by us as a prototype. The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows: 1. The system of rollers allows the hydrophobic tape VPUM to always be at the same level, which corresponds to the level of treated water in the tank, determined by the flow rate. When the flow of purified water changes, its level in the tank will change. If the water level is lower than the calculated one, then the HPCM belt will move above the pollutant layer. At high flow rates, the water and contaminant layer will be above the HPCM tape. In both cases, the quality of water treatment will deteriorate. Another disadvantage of the prototype is that the mechanical squeezing of the tissue between the rollers does not provide high-quality regeneration of the tissue and then it, moving into the absorption zone, does not provide complete cleaning of contaminants. As a result, the quality of water purification is deteriorating.

The technical solution of the proposed device is aimed at eliminating these shortcomings and improving the quality of cleaning.

A device for wastewater treatment from oils, oil, oil products is proposed, containing a pipe for supplying purified water, a reflector, a pipe for discharging purified water, a system for collecting polluted water using a closed tape of fibrous-porous cellular material (VPCM) moving along rollers and regenerating with squeezing, in which there are ultrasonic emitters in the regeneration tank, a water level regulator in the tank is located in the outlet pipe, and the waste water inlet pipe has a diffuser section in front of the reflector, and the water regulator is a lever-piston system with automatic regulation of water flow. Ultrasonic emitters are arranged in pairs and form a flat slot for the passage of the filtration tape.

The developed device is shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, where

fig. 1 - general view of the device,

fig. 2 - diagram of a lever-piston system for automatic control of water flow,

fig. 3 - level controller,

fig. 4 - iris diaphragm.

Here: 1 - tank, 2 - water supply pipe, 3 - diffuser, 4 - reflector, 5 - rollers, 6 - tape of fibrous-porous material (VPM), 7 - crimping rollers. 8 - regeneration tank, 9 - ultrasonic emitters, 10 - water outlet pipe, 11 - level regulator, (iris diaphragm housing), 12 - outlet pipe, 13 - lower bottom, 14 - flushing pipe, 15 - hydraulic cylinder, 16 - piston, 17 - spring, 18 - hinge, 19 - lever, 20 - lever hinge, 21 - rod, 22 - rod hinge, 23 - flywheel, 24 - screw, 25 - nut, 26 - nut hinge, 27 - lever hinge 31, 28 - gear rack hinge, 29 - gear rack, 30 - middle lever hinge, 31 - lever, 32 - fixed lever hinge, 33 - gear swivel wheel, 34 - iris diaphragm blades, 35 - elastic coupling.

The device is a rectangular tank 1 with a pipe for supplying source water 2. A diffuser 3 is located between the body 1 and the pipe 2. In front of the diffuser 3, inside the tank 1 there is a reflector 4. Inside the tank 1 there is a system of rollers 5 along which the tape 6 moves, made of fibrous -porous cellular material (VPM). One of the rollers 5 is the leading one, driven by an external source (not shown). Regeneration tank 8 with a corresponding system of rollers 5 adjoins tank 1. Washing liquid (water or solvent) is located in regeneration tank 8 and two rollers 5 ensure that the VPUM tape is below the level of washing liquid. Several ultrasonic emitters 9 are installed inside the washing liquid in pairs, between which a tape 6 passes. Crimp rollers 7 are located above the level of the washing liquid. On the side wall of the tank 1, opposite the inlet pipe 2, there is a drain pipe 12, on which a water level regulator 11 is installed. After the regulator 11 there is a branch pipe 10. The lower bottom 13 is made inclined to the flushing pipe 14. The level controller 11 consists of a hydraulic cylinder 15, in which there is a piston 16 connected to a hinge 18 and a spring 17. The hinge 18 is located on one arm of the lever 19, which is on the other the shoulder has a thrust hinge 22, and in the middle of the lever 19 there is a central hinge 20. The hinge 22 is kinematically connected to the hinge 26, which is connected to the nut 25. The nut 25 forms a single screw-nut pair with the screw 25. The screw 25 has a flywheel 23 for adjusting the position of the hinge 26, which determines the position of the hinge 22. The central hinge 20 is connected through a rod 21 with a rod hinge 30, which is located on the lever 31. The lever 31 can rotate around the fixed hinge 32. The other end of the lever 31 has a hinge 27 connected kinematically with the hinge 28 and the gear rack 29. The gear rack 29 acts on the gear rotary wheel 33 located inside the level controller 11. The gear wheel is connected to the petals of the iris diaphragm 34, which are located inside the elastic coupling 35.

, где

- расход приточной воды в бак 1

- расход отводимой воды через трубу 12. После настройки реализуется процесс очистки. Исходная вода поступает через патрубок 2 в диффузор 3, где за счет расширения канала теряет скорость и поступает в отражатель 4, где плавно втекает в бак 1, не образуя турбулентных завихрений. Все легкие фракции загрязняющих компонентов (масла, нефть, нефтепродукты, СОЖ) поднимаются наверх, в зону нахождения ленты ВПЯМ. Лента ВПЯМ впитывает в себя все загрязнители и перемещается за счет вращения ведущего ролика от постороннего привода (не показан). Перемещаясь по роликам 5, лента ВПЯМ поступает в бак регенерации 8, где находится промывная жидкость (вода, растворитель). Лента по роликам погружается в промывную жидкость и проходит через щелевое пространство, образованное ультразвуковыми излучателями 9,где за счет интенсивного воздействия кавитационных пузырьков очищается от загрязнителей и поступает в зону действия обжимных роликов 7. Далее, лента ВПЯМ полностью освобождаясь от масел, нефти, нефтепродуктов, СОЖ, по роликам 5 возвращается в бак 1 и цикл очистки воды повторяется непрерывно. Жидкость в баке 8 насыщается загрязнителями и периодически удаляется и обновляется. Отработанная промывная вода может использоваться как добавка к горючим компонентам. В случае, если расход очищаемой воды

увеличивается, то уровень воды в гидроцилиндре 15 увеличится, поршень 16 поднимется вверх, сжимая пружину 17, шарнир 18, а с ним и рычаг 18 поднимается вверх, перемещая вверх шарнир 20. Вследствие этого шарнир 30 перемещается вверх и рычаг 31, поворачиваясь вокруг шарнира 32, потянет вверх шарнир 27 и через шарнир 28 и зубчатую рейку 29, поворачивая зубчатое колесо 33, открываются лепестки ирисовой диафрагмы 34 и проходное сечение, определяемое упругой муфтой 35, увеличивается и расход

возрастает.The device works as follows. Preliminarily, based on the total flow rate of the water to be treated, the level controller 11 is adjusted so that the water level in the tank 1 is in the area where the HPLM tape is located. The adjustment is made using the flywheel 23 and, on the basis of the hinge-lever system, the flow area is set in the pipeline of the outlet pipe 12 due to the iris diaphragm 34 and the elastic coupling 35 so that, at the required water level in the tank 1, the material balance is ensured:

, where

- supply water flow to tank 1

- the flow rate of the discharged water through the pipe 12. After setting, the cleaning process is implemented. The source water enters through the nozzle 2 into the diffuser 3, where it loses speed due to the expansion of the channel and enters the reflector 4, where it smoothly flows into the tank 1 without forming turbulent eddies. All light fractions of polluting components (oils, oil, oil products, cutting fluids) rise up to the area where the HPPM tape is located. The HPCM tape absorbs all contaminants and moves due to the rotation of the drive roller from an external drive (not shown). Moving along the rollers 5, the VPUM tape enters the regeneration tank 8, where the washing liquid (water, solvent) is located. The tape is immersed in the washing liquid along the rollers and passes through the slotted space formed by the ultrasonic emitters 9, where, due to the intensive action of cavitation bubbles, it is cleaned of contaminants and enters the zone of action of the pressing rollers 7. Further, the VPUM tape is completely freed from oils, oil, oil products, Coolant, on rollers 5 returns to tank 1 and the water purification cycle is repeated continuously. The liquid in tank 8 becomes saturated with contaminants and is periodically removed and renewed. Waste wash water can be used as an additive to combustible components. If the flow rate of treated water

increases, the water level in the hydraulic cylinder 15 will increase, the piston 16 will rise up, compressing the spring 17, the hinge 18, and with it the lever 18, rises upward, moving the hinge 20 upward. As a result, the hinge 30 moves up and the lever 31, turning around the hinge 32 , pulls up the hinge 27 and through the hinge 28 and the gear rack 29, turning the gear wheel 33, the petals of the iris diaphragm 34 open and the flow area determined by the elastic coupling 35 increases and the flow

increases.

будет меньше запланированного, то весь процесс регулирования повторится автоматически в обратном порядке и проходное сечение муфты 35 уменьшится.If

will be less than planned, then the entire regulation process will be repeated automatically in the reverse order and the flow area of the coupling 35 will decrease.

Thus, the use of the proposed device makes it possible to improve the quality of water purification from oils, oil, oil products, both due to more complete regeneration of the HPCM tape using ultrasonic emitters, and automatic control of the water level in the tank.

Claims (2)

1. A device for treating wastewater from oils, oil, petroleum products, containing a pipe for supplying purified water, a reflector, a pipe for discharging purified water, a system for collecting polluted water using a closed tape, such as VPNM (fibrous-porous cellular material), moving along rollers and regeneration with squeezing, characterized in that the regeneration tank has ultrasonic emitters, which are located in pairs and form a flat slot for the passage of the HPCM tape, and the water level regulator in the tank is located in the outlet pipe, which is a lever-piston system with an iris diaphragm and automatic regulation of water flow. 2. A device for treating wastewater from oils, oil, oil products according to claim 1, characterized in that the wastewater supply pipe has a diffuser section in front of the reflector.

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